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Duarte S, Magro A, Tomás J, Hilário C, Ferreira RB, Carvalho MO. Antifungal Activity of Benzoquinones Produced by Tribolium castaneum in Maize-Associated Fungi. INSECTS 2022; 13:868. [PMID: 36292816 PMCID: PMC9603965 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults produce 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ), methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (MBQ), and ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone (EBQ). These components are chemical defenses used as repellents and irritants, and BQ has a negative impact on the growth of some fungal species. In this work, the inhibitory and/or lethal effects of these benzoquinones on the development of six fungi identified in maize, namely Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., and Trichoderma sp., were evaluated. Ten-day-long disk diffusion trials were performed using benzoquinones. The experiments simulated the activity of BQ (B1) or "EBQ + MBQ" (B2) released by 40-day-old insect adults (n = 200), considering a total average release of 45 µg per adult. Inhibition halos imposed by benzoquinones on fungal growth showed a significant effect when compared with the controls (water and solvent). Mycelial growth was decreased for all fungi, with the level of response depending on the fungal species. B1 and B2 displayed an inhibitory effect against all fungi, but Trichoderma sp. and A. niger showed rapid recoveries. B2 showed a lethal effect on Penicillium sp. The inhibitory and lethal activities of benzoquinones released by T. castaneum adults may contribute to regulate fungal growth, and understanding their interaction is important to develop innovative control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Duarte
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, TERRA—Laboratory for Sustainable Land Use and Ecosystem Services, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Magro
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joanna Tomás
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carolina Hilário
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, TERRA—Laboratory for Sustainable Land Use and Ecosystem Services, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Otília Carvalho
- LEAF-Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, TERRA—Laboratory for Sustainable Land Use and Ecosystem Services, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
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Krutmuang P, Rajula J, Pittarate S, Chatima C, Thungrabeab M. The inhibitory action of plant extracts on the mycelial growth of Ascosphaera apis the causative agent of chalkbrood disease in Honey bee. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:713-719. [PMID: 35433272 PMCID: PMC9006850 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis is a fungal pathogen, which causes chalkbrood disease in bees and is threatening beekeeping worldwide. The demand for organic honey for export has lately heightened hence the biological control is the option. This study aimed at the in vitro evaluation of the potency of plant extracts against chalkbrood disease for the possibility of being employed as a biological control strategy. The results showed that the combination of plant extracts from cinnamon with spearmint, cinnamon with lemongrass, cinnamon with geranium, and cinnamon with palmarosa at a concentration of 25% and 12.5% inhibited mycelial growth of A. apis by 100%. This demonstrated the potentiality of combining different plant extracts in controlling this disease. In addition, oregano caused inhibition of up to 100% singly. Conclusively, cinnamon in combination with several extracts has a great potential in curbing this disease while oregano offers an amazing remedy and hence the best formulations should be generated for the beekeeper to utilize.
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Khan S, Kazmi MH, Fatima I, Malik A, Inamullah F, Farheen S, Abbas T. Cashmirins A and B, new antifungal and urease inhibitory prenylated coumarins from Sorbus cashmiriana. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e21493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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4
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Vaou N, Stavropoulou E, Voidarou C, Tsigalou C, Bezirtzoglou E. Towards Advances in Medicinal Plant Antimicrobial Activity: A Review Study on Challenges and Future Perspectives. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9102041. [PMID: 34683362 PMCID: PMC8541629 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of drug- resistant pathogens raises an urgent need to identify and isolate new bioactive compounds from medicinal plants using standardized modern analytical procedures. Medicinal plant-derived compounds could provide novel straightforward approaches against pathogenic bacteria. This review explores the antimicrobial activity of plant-derived components, their possible mechanisms of action, as well as their chemical potential. The focus is put on the current challenges and future perspectives surrounding medicinal plants antimicrobial activity. There are some inherent challenges regarding medicinal plant extracts and their antimicrobial efficacy. Appropriate and optimized extraction methodology plant species dependent leads to upgraded and selective extracted compounds. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts may show variations in obtained results. Moreover, there are several difficulties and problems that need to be overcome for the development of new antimicrobials from plant extracts, while efforts have been made to enhance the antimicrobial activity of chemical compounds. Research on the mechanisms of action, interplay with other substances, and the pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic profile of the medicinal plant extracts should be given high priority to characterize them as potential antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vaou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
- Correspondence: (N.V.); (E.S.)
| | - Elisavet Stavropoulou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (N.V.); (E.S.)
| | - Chrysa Voidarou
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 47132 Arta, Greece;
| | - Christina Tsigalou
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
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5
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Efficacy and mechanism of actions of natural antimicrobial drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 216:107671. [PMID: 32916205 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial infections have significantly increased over the last decades, and the mortality rates remain unacceptably high. The emergence of new resistance patterns and the spread of new viruses challenge the eradication of infectious diseases. The declining efficacy of antimicrobial drugs has become a global public health problem. Natural products derived from natural sources, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, have significant efficacy for the treatment of infectious diseases accompanied by less adverse effects, synergy, and ability to overcome drug resistance. As the Chinese female scientist Youyou Tu received the Nobel Prize for the antimalarial drug artemisinin, antimicrobial drugs developed from Traditional Chinese Medicine are expected to receive increasing attention again. This review summarizes the antimicrobial agents derived from natural products approved for nearly 20 years and describes their efficacy and mode of action. The aim of this unit is to review the current status of antimicrobial drugs from natural products in order to increase the value of natural products as a source of novel drug candidates for infectious diseases.
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St-Pierre A, Blondeau D, Bourdeau N, Bley J, Desgagné-Penix I. Chemical Composition of Black Spruce ( Picea mariana) Bark Extracts and Their Potential as Natural Disinfectant. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2019.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annabelle St-Pierre
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Dorian Blondeau
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Nathalie Bourdeau
- Innofibre, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Groupe de recherché en Biologie Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | | | - Isabel Desgagné-Penix
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
- Groupe de recherché en Biologie Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
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Cordeiro RM, de S. e Silva AP, Pinto RHH, da Costa WA, da Silva SHM, de Souza Pinheiro WB, Arruda MSP, Carvalho Junior RN. Supercritical CO2 extraction of ucuúba (Virola surinamensis) seed oil: global yield, kinetic data, fatty acid profile, and antimicrobial activities. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1474741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Paula de S. e Silva
- LABEX (Laboratory of Extraction) – Faculty of Food Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Rafael H. H. Pinto
- LABEX (Laboratory of Extraction) – Faculty of Food Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia H. M. da Silva
- Mycology Laboratory, Bacteriology and Mycology Department, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raul N. Carvalho Junior
- LABEX (Laboratory of Extraction) – Faculty of Food Engineering, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Whiley H, Gaskin S, Schroder T, Ross K. Antifungal properties of essential oils for improvement of indoor air quality: a review. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2018; 33:63-76. [PMID: 29077554 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2017-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Concerns regarding indoor air quality, particularly the presence of fungi and moulds, are increasing. The potential for essential oils to reduce, control or remove fungi, is gaining interest as they are seen as a "natural" alternative to synthetic chemical fungicides. This review examines published research on essential oils as a method of fungal control in indoor environments. It was difficult to compare the relative performances of essential oils due to differences in research methods and reporting languages. In addition, there are limited studies that scale up laboratory results and assess the efficacy of essential oils within building environments. However, generally, there appears to be some evidence to support the essential oils clove oil, tea tree oil, oregano, thyme and lemon as potential antifungal agents. Essential oils from heartwood, marjoram, cinnamon, lemon basil, caraway, bay tree, fir, peppermint, pine, cedar leaf and manuka were identified in at least one study as having antifungal potential. Future studies should focus on comparing the effectiveness of these essential oils against a large number of fungal isolates from indoor environments. Studies will then need to focus on translating these results into realistic application methods, in actual buildings, and assess the potential for long-term antifungal persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Whiley
- Environmental Health, Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Sharyn Gaskin
- Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, 28 Anderson St Thebarton, Adelaide 5031, Australia
| | - Tiffany Schroder
- Environmental Health, Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Kirstin Ross
- Environmental Health, Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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Plants of the Genus Zingiber as a Source of Bioactive Phytochemicals: From Tradition to Pharmacy. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122145. [PMID: 29207520 PMCID: PMC6149881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants of the genus Zingiber (Family Zingiberaceae) are widely used throughout the world as food and medicinal plants. They represent very popular herbal remedies in various traditional healing systems; in particular, rhizome of Zingiber spp. plants has a long history of ethnobotanical uses because of a plethora of curative properties. Antimicrobial activity of rhizome essential oil has been extensively confirmed in vitro and attributed to its chemical components, mainly consisting of monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as α-zingiberene, ar-curcumene, β-bisabolene and β-sesquiphellandrene. In addition, gingerols have been identified as the major active components in the fresh rhizome, whereas shogaols, dehydrated gingerol derivatives, are the predominant pungent constituents in dried rhizome. Zingiber spp. may thus represent a promising and innovative source of natural alternatives to chemical food preservatives. This approach would meet the increasing concern of consumers aware of the potential health risks associated with the conventional antimicrobial agents in food. This narrative review aims at providing a literature overview on Zingiber spp. plants, their cultivation, traditional uses, phytochemical constituents and biological activities.
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Schroder T, Gaskin S, Ross K, Whiley H. Antifungal activity of essential oils against fungi isolated from air. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2017; 23:181-186. [PMID: 29516785 PMCID: PMC6060867 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2018.1447320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Fungal contamination of indoor air is an issue of increasing public health concern. Essential oils have been demonstrated to have antifungal capabilities, but there are limited studies investigating the efficacy of essential oils against fungi relevant to air quality. This study provides a preliminary screening of the antifungal properties of clove, lavender and eucalyptus essential oils against a range of fungal species isolated from environmental air samples. The ability of the essential oils to inhibit fungal growth was examined using the disk diffusion assay on malt extract agar and was compared with vinegar, bleach and limonene, with phenol as a positive control. Results identified essential oils which demonstrated antifungal potential against species of environmental origin. Clove oil was found to be most efficacious, with eucalyptus and lavender oils showing some antifungal potential albeit less broad spectrum and with less persistence over time in this assay. All essentials oils performed better than traditional cleaning compounds such as vinegar. Clove oil would be a suitable candidate for further research to validate its use in improving indoor air quality. Further research should next take into consideration the practical application method, concentration and long-term persistence of antifungal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Schroder
- Environmental Health, Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sharyn Gaskin
- Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kirstin Ross
- Environmental Health, Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Harriet Whiley
- Environmental Health, Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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11
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Inamullah F, Fatima I, Khan S, Kazmi MH, Malik A, Tareen RB, Abbas T. New antimicrobial flavonoids and chalcone from Colutea armata. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:915-920. [PMID: 28508182 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Colucins A (1) and B (2), new flavonoids and colucone (3), the new chalcone derivative, have been isolated from the CHCl3-soluble fraction of the whole plant of Colutea armata along with luteolin (4), luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside (5), isoliquiritigenin (6), trans-caffeic acid (7) and stigmasterol (8) reported for the first time from this species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including MS and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 showed significant antimicrobial activity against two Gram positive and three Gram negative bacterial strains while 3 was moderately active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Inamullah
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Itrat Fatima
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Mehdi Hassan Kazmi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Malik
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | | | - Tanveer Abbas
- Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
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12
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Longhini R, Lonni AA, Sereia AL, Krzyzaniak LM, Lopes GC, Mello JCPD. Trichilia catigua : therapeutic and cosmetic values. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Aghazadeh M, Zahedi Bialvaei A, Aghazadeh M, Kabiri F, Saliani N, Yousefi M, Eslami H, Samadi Kafil H. Survey of the Antibiofilm and Antimicrobial Effects of Zingiber officinale (in Vitro Study). Jundishapur J Microbiol 2016; 9:e30167. [PMID: 27127591 PMCID: PMC4842230 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.30167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Candidiasis is one of the most prevalent and important opportunistic fungal infections of the oral cavity caused by Candida yeast species like Candida albicans, C. glabrata, and C. krusei. In addition, several bacteria can cause oral infections. The inhibition of microbial biofilm is the best way to prevent oral infections. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the antifungal, antimicrobial, and anti-biofilm properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract against Candida species and some bacterial pathogens and the extract’s effects on biofilm formation. Materials and Methods: Ginger ethanolic extract as a potential mouthwash was used to evaluate its effect against fungi and bacteria using the microdilution method, and biofilm was evaluated using the crystal violet staining method and dead/alive staining. MTT assay was used to evaluate the possible cytotoxicity effects of the extract. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ginger extract for evaluated strains were 40, 40, 20, 20, 20, 20, 10, and 5 mg/mL for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Acinetobacter baumannii, C. albicans, and C. krusei, respectively. Ginger extract successfully inhibited biofilm formation by A. baumannii, B. cereus, C. krusei, and C. albicans. MTT assay revealed no significant reduction in cell viability after 24 hours. The minimum inhibitory biofilm concentrations (MIBCs) of ginger extract for fungi strains (C. krusei and C. albicans) were greater than those of fluconazole and nystatin (P = 0.000). Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that ginger extract has good antifungal and antibiofilm formation by fungi against C. albicans and C. Krusei. Concentrations between 0.625 mg/mL and 5 mg/mL had the highest antibiofilm and antifungal effects. Perhaps, the use of herbal extracts such as ginger represents a new era for antimicrobial therapy after developing antibiotic resistance in microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Aghazadeh
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Abed Zahedi Bialvaei
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghazadeh
- Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Fahimeh Kabiri
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Negar Saliani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Tehran University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Hosein Eslami
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Hossein Samadi Kafil, Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9127184735, Fax: +98-4113364661, E-mail:
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15
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Moore MJ, Ostry ME. Influence of Temperature and Humidity on the Viability of Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum Conidia. PLANT DISEASE 2015; 99:1841-1846. [PMID: 30699513 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-14-0976-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Butternut canker, caused by the fungus Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum, primarily kills butternut (Juglans cinerea). Rain splash and local air currents are the primary means of conidia dispersal but that does not explain its long-distance spread and infection of isolated trees. Dispersal by insect or animal vectors or plant material likely necessitates the ability for conidia to tolerate drying for a period of time over variable temperature and humidity conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of temperature and humidity on conidial germination and survival of air-dried conidia. Conidia collected from 1-month-old cultures germinated on water agar over a wide range of temperatures (4 to 32°C) and were viable after brief periods at 36°C when returned to a lower temperature. Viability of air-dried conidia held on nylon membranes at various temperatures and humidities varied from less than a day at 28°C and 90% relative humidity (RH) to a mean of 15 days at 20°C and 80% RH. RH had the least effect on viability at 12°C, with conidia remaining viable for 7 days at most humidity levels tested. Conidia held at 100% RH began germinating on the membranes after 21 days. Conidia in a water suspension remained viable for 168 days at all temperatures tested. These results suggest that O. clavigignenti-juglandacearum conidia may remain viable on the surface of a vector or plant material and seed for over 2 weeks, given the proper conditions, or for much longer if in water or in an environment of saturated humidity. This potential may, in part, explain the frequent presence of the disease on isolated trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Moore
- Northern Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, St. Paul, MN
| | - M E Ostry
- Northern Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, St. Paul, MN
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Rogawansamy S, Gaskin S, Taylor M, Pisaniello D. An evaluation of antifungal agents for the treatment of fungal contamination in indoor air environments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:6319-32. [PMID: 26042369 PMCID: PMC4483703 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120606319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fungal contamination in indoor environments has been associated with adverse health effects for the inhabitants. Remediation of fungal contamination requires removal of the fungi present and modifying the indoor environment to become less favourable to growth. This may include treatment of indoor environments with an antifungal agent to prevent future growth. However there are limited published data or advice on chemical agents suitable for indoor fungal remediation. The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacies of five commercially available cleaning agents with published or anecdotal use for indoor fungal remediation. The five agents included two common multi-purpose industrial disinfectants (Cavicide® and Virkon®), 70% ethanol, vinegar (4.0%-4.2% acetic acid), and a plant-derived compound (tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil) tested in both a liquid and vapour form. Tea tree oil has recently generated interest for its antimicrobial efficacy in clinical settings, but has not been widely employed for fungal remediation. Each antifungal agent was assessed for fungal growth inhibition using a disc diffusion method against a representative species from two common fungal genera, (Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium chrysogenum), which were isolated from air samples and are commonly found in indoor air. Tea tree oil demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect on the growth of both fungi, applied in either a liquid or vapour form. Cavicide® and Virkon® demonstrated similar, although less, growth inhibition of both genera. Vinegar (4.0%-4.2% acetic acid) was found to only inhibit the growth of P. chrysogenum, while 70% ethanol was found to have no inhibitory effect on the growth of either fungi. There was a notable inhibition in sporulation, distinct from growth inhibition after exposure to tea tree oil, Virkon®, Cavicide® and vinegar. Results demonstrate that common cleaning and antifungal agents differ in their capacity to inhibit the growth of fungal genera found in the indoor air environment. The results indicate that tea tree oil was the most effective antifungal agent tested, and may have industrial application for the remediation of fungal contamination in residential and occupational buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthaamarai Rogawansamy
- Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Laboratory, Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
| | - Sharyn Gaskin
- Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Laboratory, Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
| | - Michael Taylor
- Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Laboratory, Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
- Health and Environment, School of the Environment, Flinders University, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Dino Pisaniello
- Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Laboratory, Discipline of Public Health, School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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Moore MJ, Ostry ME, Hegeman AD, Martin AC. Inhibition of Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum by Juglans Species Bark Extracts. PLANT DISEASE 2015; 99:401-408. [PMID: 30699704 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-14-0642-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and reliable technique is needed for identifying butternut trees (Juglans cinerea) with resistance to butternut canker. We investigated the potential of a bark extract bioassay to detect levels of resistance to Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum (Oc-j), the causal agent of butternut canker. Both reagent grade naphthoquinones and crude bark extracts of Juglans species inhibited germination of Oc-j conidia. A disc diffusion bioassay was used to study the level of inhibition by these bark extracts and results indicated extensive variation within and between butternut and other species of Juglans tested. In many months over a 3 year period, bark from butternut trees selected for apparent disease resistance could be distinguished from that of unselected trees. Inhibition of conidia germination roughly correlated to the level of resistance observed in field inoculations of the trees. Quantification of the naphthoquinone compounds juglone and plumbagin in butternut bark was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. While the concentrations of these two compounds varied by month and by individual tree, juglone levels correlated well with the bark extract bioassay in some months. These results suggest that juglone concentration may account in part for the observed range of inhibition observed in the bioassay and variation in canker resistance among selections of butternut field inoculated with Oc-j. The bark extract bioassay described in the following report may have potential use for selecting resistant butternut for conservation and restoration purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Moore
- Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN
| | - M E Ostry
- Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN
| | - A D Hegeman
- Department of Horticulture, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
| | - A C Martin
- Department of Horticulture, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
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Zhu SL, Yan L, Zhang YX, Jiang ZH, Gao PH, Qiu Y, Wang L, Zhao MZ, Ni TJH, Cai Z, Tian SJ, Zang CX, Zhang DZ, Jiang YY. Berberine Inhibits Fluphenazine-Induced Up-Regulation of CDR1 in Candida albicans. Biol Pharm Bull 2014; 37:268-73. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-long Zhu
- Center for New Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Lan Yan
- Center for New Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yan-xia Zhang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhi-hui Jiang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Ping-hui Gao
- Center for New Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, No. 401 Hospital of the People’s Libration Army
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Ming-zhu Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Ting-jun-hong Ni
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Zhan Cai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Shu-juan Tian
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Cheng-xu Zang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Da-zhi Zhang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yuan-ying Jiang
- Center for New Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
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Yamamoto-Ribeiro MMG, Grespan R, Kohiyama CY, Ferreira FD, Mossini SAG, Silva EL, Filho BADA, Mikcha JMG, Machinski M. Effect of Zingiber officinale essential oil on Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin production. Food Chem 2013; 141:3147-52. [PMID: 23871071 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The antifungal activity of ginger essential oil (GEO; Zingiber officinale Roscoe) was evaluated against Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of GEO was determined by micro-broth dilution. The effects of GEO on fumonisin and ergosterol production were evaluated at concentrations of 500-5000 μg/mL in liquid medium with a 5mm diameter mycelial disc of F. verticillioides. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that the predominant components of GEO were α-zingiberene (23.9%) and citral (21.7%). GEO exhibited inhibitory activity, with a MIC of 2500 μg/mL, and 4000 and 5000 μg/mL reduced ergosterol biosynthesis by 57% and 100%, respectively. The inhibitory effect on fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) production was significant at GEO concentrations of 4000 and 2000 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the inhibition of fungal biomass and fumonisin production was dependent on the concentration of GEO. These results suggest that GEO was able to control the growth of F. verticillioides and subsequent fumonisin production.
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Antiparasitic effects of Zingiber officinale (Ginger) extract against Toxoplasma gondii. J Appl Biomed 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/v10136-012-0014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Koo HJ, Gang DR. Suites of terpene synthases explain differential terpenoid production in ginger and turmeric tissues. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51481. [PMID: 23272109 PMCID: PMC3525583 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oils of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) contain a large variety of terpenoids, some of which possess anticancer, antiulcer, and antioxidant properties. Despite their importance, only four terpene synthases have been identified from the Zingiberaceae family: (+)-germacrene D synthase and (S)-β-bisabolene synthase from ginger rhizome, and α-humulene synthase and β-eudesmol synthase from shampoo ginger (Zingiber zerumbet) rhizome. We report the identification of 25 mono- and 18 sesquiterpene synthases from ginger and turmeric, with 13 and 11, respectively, being functionally characterized. Novel terpene synthases, (-)-caryolan-1-ol synthase and α-zingiberene/β-sesquiphellandrene synthase, which is responsible for formation of the major sesquiterpenoids in ginger and turmeric rhizomes, were also discovered. These suites of enzymes are responsible for formation of the majority of the terpenoids present in these two plants. Structures of several were modeled, and a comparison of sets of paralogs suggests how the terpene synthases in ginger and turmeric evolved. The most abundant and most important sesquiterpenoids in turmeric rhizomes, (+)-α-turmerone and (+)-β-turmerone, are produced from (-)-α-zingiberene and (-)-β-sesquiphellandrene, respectively, via α-zingiberene/β-sesquiphellandrene oxidase and a still unidentified dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jo Koo
- Department of Plant Sciences and Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - David R. Gang
- Department of Plant Sciences and Bio5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Mazumder AH, Das J, Kumar Gogoi H, Chattopadhyay P, Singh L, Paul SB. In vitro activity of some medicinal plants from Cachar district, Assam (India) against Candida albicans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5530/pj.2012.33.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Production and Evaluation of Soft Cheese Fortified with Ginger Extract as a Functional Dairy Food. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10222-011-0046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Uprety Y, Asselin H, Dhakal A, Julien N. Traditional use of medicinal plants in the boreal forest of Canada: review and perspectives. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2012; 8:7. [PMID: 22289509 PMCID: PMC3316145 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-8-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The boreal forest of Canada is home to several hundred thousands Aboriginal people who have been using medicinal plants in traditional health care systems for thousands of years. This knowledge, transmitted by oral tradition from generation to generation, has been eroding in recent decades due to rapid cultural change. Until now, published reviews about traditional uses of medicinal plants in boreal Canada have focused either on particular Aboriginal groups or on restricted regions. Here, we present a review of traditional uses of medicinal plants by the Aboriginal people of the entire Canadian boreal forest in order to provide comprehensive documentation, identify research gaps, and suggest perspectives for future research. METHODS A review of the literature published in scientific journals, books, theses and reports. RESULTS A total of 546 medicinal plant taxa used by the Aboriginal people of the Canadian boreal forest were reported in the reviewed literature. These plants were used to treat 28 disease and disorder categories, with the highest number of species being used for gastro-intestinal disorders, followed by musculoskeletal disorders. Herbs were the primary source of medicinal plants, followed by shrubs. The medicinal knowledge of Aboriginal peoples of the western Canadian boreal forest has been given considerably less attention by researchers. Canada is lacking comprehensive policy on harvesting, conservation and use of medicinal plants. This could be explained by the illusion of an infinite boreal forest, or by the fact that many boreal medicinal plant species are widely distributed. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this review is the most comprehensive to date to reveal the rich traditional medicinal knowledge of Aboriginal peoples of the Canadian boreal forest. Future ethnobotanical research endeavours should focus on documenting the knowledge held by Aboriginal groups that have so far received less attention, particularly those of the western boreal forest. In addition, several critical issues need to be addressed regarding the legal, ethical and cultural aspects of the conservation of medicinal plant species and the protection of the associated traditional knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadav Uprety
- Canada Research Chair in Aboriginal Forestry, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445, boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Hugo Asselin
- Canada Research Chair in Aboriginal Forestry, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445, boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Archana Dhakal
- Canada Research Chair in Aboriginal Forestry, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445, boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, J9X 5E4, Canada
- Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445, boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, J9X 5E4, Canada
| | - Nancy Julien
- Département des sciences de la santé, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445, boulevard de l'Université, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, J9X 5E4, Canada
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Zhou Y, He P, Liu A, Zhang L, Liu Y, Dai R. Drug-drug Interactions between Ketoconazole and Berberine in Rats: Pharmacokinetic Effects Benefit Pharmacodynamic Synergism. Phytother Res 2011; 26:772-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmi Zhou
- School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Ping He
- School of Medical Laboratory Science; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Aiming Liu
- Zhongshan PharmaSS Corporation; Zhongshan Guangdong 528437 China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100000 China
| | - Yunde Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Renke Dai
- School of Life Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Zhongshan PharmaSS Corporation; Zhongshan Guangdong 528437 China
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Polyphenol contents and radical scavenging capacities of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) extracts. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2180-8. [PMID: 21683113 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The crude ethanol and water extracts of different red maple (Acer rubrum L.) tissues: whole branches (WB), wood of branches (BW), bark of branches (BB), stem bark (SB) and whole twigs (T), were examined in order to determine their phenolic contents as well as their radical scavenging capacities. The total phenols (TP), total extractable tanins (TET) and non-precipitable phenols (NPP), were determined by combination of spectrophotometric and precipitation methods, while total flavonoids, hydroxy cinanmic acids and proanthocyanidins were determined spectrophotometrically. The radical scavenging activities of the extracts were determined against five reactive oxygen species (ROS): superoxide anion (O(2)(·-)), hydroxyl radical (HO(·)), peroxyl radical (ROO(·)), hypochlorite ion (ClO(-)), and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and one reactive nitrogen species (RNS): nitric oxide (NO). The extracts of stem bark were significantly more efficient (exhibiting the highest antioxidant efficiencies, AE) than the other studied extracts against all ROS (at p<0.05, Duncan statistical tests), except against NO. The correlation coefficients determined between total phenolic (TP) content and antiradical efficiencies were R(2)=0.12 for O(2)(·-); R(2)=0.29 for HO(·); R(2)=0.40 for H(2)O(2); R(2)=0.86 for ROO(·); R(2)=0.03 for NO(·) and R(2)=0.73 for ClO(-). Our results indicate potential utilisation of extracts as natural antioxidants.
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Ali SE, El-Shaffey AA, Selim ME, El-massry KF, Sabry BA. Chemical Profile, Antioxidant, Antifungal and Antiaflatoxigenic Activity of Parsley and Ginger Volatile and Non-volatile Extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2011.10719074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Aly MM, Bafeel SO. Screening for Antifungal Activities of Some Medicinal Plants used Traditionally in Saudi Arabia. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2010.9707151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Ahmad I, Ijaz F, Fatima I, Ahmad N, Chen S, Afza N, Malik A. Xanthine oxidase/tyrosinase inhibiting, antioxidant, and antifungal oxindole alkaloids from Isatis costata. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2010; 48:716-721. [PMID: 20645747 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903271298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigations on the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the whole plant of Isatis costata Linn. (Brassicaseae) led to the isolation of the oxindole alkaloids costinones A (1), B (2), isatinones A (3), B (4), indirubin (5), and trisindoline (6). Compounds 1-6 displayed significant to moderate inhibition against xanthine oxidase enzyme with IC50 values ranging from 90.3+/-0.06 to 179.6+/-0.04 microM, whereas the standard inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (allopurinol) had an IC(50) value of 7.4+/-0.07 microM. Compounds 1 (IC50 7.21+/-0.05 microM), 2 (IC50 9.40+/-0.03 microM), 3 (IC50 11.51+/-0.07 microM), 4 (IC50 12.53+/-0.06 microM), 5 (IC50 14.29+/-0.09 microM), and 6 (IC50 17.34+/-0.04 microM) exhibited pronounced activities when compared with the standard tyrosinase inhibitor L-mimosine (IC50 3.70+/-0.03 microM), along with DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 226, 270, 300, 320, 401, and 431 microM, respectively. The crude extract and compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 showed significant antifungal activity against Trichophyton schoen leinii, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Trichophyton simii, and Macrophomina phaseolina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijaz Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, N.W.F.P., Pakistan.
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Daboit TC, Stopiglia CDO, von Poser GL, Scroferneker ML. Antifungal activity ofPterocaulon alopecuroides(Asteraceae) against chromoblastomycosis agents. Mycoses 2010; 53:246-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Talib WH, Mahasneh AM. Antimicrobial, cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening of Jordanian plants used in traditional medicine. Molecules 2010; 15:1811-24. [PMID: 20336015 PMCID: PMC6257285 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15031811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of fifty one extracts of different parts of 14 plants were studied. Ethanol, methanol, aqueous, butanol, and n-hexane extracts were tested against three Gram negative, two Gram positive bacteria, and two fungi. Cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening were determined using MTT and TLC assays, respectively. Of the fifty one extracts, twenty two showed activities against different microorganisms with MICs ranging from 62.5 to 1000 µg/mL. The highest activity (100% inhibition) was for a butanol extract of Rosa damascena receptacles against Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus (MIC of 62.5 and 250 µg/mL) respectively. Butanol extract of Narcissus tazetta aerial parts and aqueous extract of Rosa damascena receptacles were both active against Candida albicans (MIC of 125 µg/mL). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by butanol, aqueous extracts of Rosa damascena receptacles and butanol extract of Inula viscosa flowers (MIC of 500, 500, and 250 µg/mL) respectively. Rosa damascena receptacles and Verbascum sinaiticum flowers ethanol extract showed lowest cytoxicity against Vero cell line (IC50 of 454.11and 367.11). Most toxic was the ethanol extract of Ononis hirta aerial parts (IC50 72.50 µg/mL). Flavonoids and terpenoids were present in all plants. Ononis hirta and Narcissus tazetta contained alkaloids. The results validate the use of these plants and report for the first time bioactivity of Rosa damascena receptacles and further justifies the use of such screening programs in the quest for new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jordan, Amman-11942, Jordan.
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Ostry ME, Moore M. Response of Butternut Selections to Inoculation with Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum. PLANT DISEASE 2008; 92:1336-1338. [PMID: 30769452 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-92-9-1336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Butternut trees (Juglans cinerea) clonally propagated via grafting from source trees with putative resistance to butternut canker were inoculated monthly with two isolates of Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum in a field planting in Minnesota. Significant differences in resulting canker length were found among (i) month of inoculation, (ii) accession, and (iii) isolate. Results support the suggestion that canker-free butternut occasionally found growing among butternut severely affected by butternut canker potentially have disease resistance and may have value for genetic conservation and restoration of the species. Developing an effective resistance screening technique will require additional information on the natural infection process and testing under various climatic conditions across the range of butternut.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Ostry
- Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - M Moore
- Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN 55108
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Mogg C, Petit P, Cappuccino N, Durst T, McKague C, Foster M, Yack JE, Arnason JT, Smith ML. Tests of the antibiotic properties of the invasive vine Vincetoxicum rossicum against bacteria, fungi and insects. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2008.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sharma H, Chandola HM, Singh G, Basisht G. Utilization of Ayurveda in health care: an approach for prevention, health promotion, and treatment of disease. Part 1--Ayurveda, the science of life. J Altern Complement Med 2008; 13:1011-9. [PMID: 18047449 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2007.7017-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ayurveda is a natural health care system that originated in India more than 5000 years ago. Its main objective is to achieve optimal health and well-being through a comprehensive approach that addresses mind, body, behavior, and environment. Ayurveda emphasizes prevention and health promotion, and provides treatment for disease. It considers the development of consciousness to be essential for optimal health and meditation as the main technique for achieving this. Treatment of disease is highly individualized and depends on the psychophysiologic constitution of the patient. There are different dietary and lifestyle recommendations for each season of the year. Common spices are utilized in treatment, as well as herbs and herbal mixtures, and special preparations known as Rasayanas are used for rejuvenation, promotion of longevity, and slowing of the aging process. A group of purification procedures known as Panchakarma removes toxins from the physiology. Whereas Western allopathic medicine is excellent in handling acute medical crises, Ayurveda demonstrates an ability to manage chronic disorders that Western medicine has been unable to. It may be projected from Ayurveda's comprehensive approach, emphasis on prevention, and ability to manage chronic disorders that its widespread use would improve the health status of the world's population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Sharma
- The Ohio State University Center for Integrative Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Galván IJ, Mir-Rashed N, Jessulat M, Atanya M, Golshani A, Durst T, Petit P, Amiguet VT, Boekhout T, Summerbell R, Cruz I, Arnason JT, Smith ML. Antifungal and antioxidant activities of the phytomedicine pipsissewa, Chimaphila umbellata. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:738-746. [PMID: 17950387 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart (Pyrolaceae) ethanol extracts led to the identification of 2,7-dimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (chimaphilin) as the principal antifungal component. The structure of chimaphilin was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The antifungal activity of chimaphilin was evaluated using the microdilution method with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (0.05mg/mL) and the dandruff-associated fungi Malassezia globosa (0.39mg/mL) and Malassezia restricta (0.55mg/mL). Pronounced antioxidant activity of C. umbellata crude extract was also identified using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay, suggesting this phytomedicine has an antioxidant function in wound healing. A chemical-genetic profile was completed with chimaphilin using approximately 4700 S. cerevisiae gene deletion mutants. Cellular roles of deleted genes in the most susceptible mutants and secondary assays indicate that the targets for chimaphilin include pathways involved in cell wall biogenesis and transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelda J Galván
- Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Ags., CP 20100 México, Mexico
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Ali BH, Blunden G, Tanira MO, Nemmar A. Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review of recent research. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:409-20. [PMID: 17950516 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 697] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2007] [Revised: 09/10/2007] [Accepted: 09/11/2007] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberacae) is a medicinal plant that has been widely used in Chinese, Ayurvedic and Tibb-Unani herbal medicines all over the world, since antiquity, for a wide array of unrelated ailments that include arthritis, rheumatism, sprains, muscular aches, pains, sore throats, cramps, constipation, indigestion, vomiting, hypertension, dementia, fever, infectious diseases and helminthiasis. Currently, there is a renewed interest in ginger, and several scientific investigations aimed at isolation and identification of active constituents of ginger, scientific verification of its pharmacological actions and of its constituents, and verification of the basis of the use of ginger in some of several diseases and conditions. This article aims at reviewing the most salient recent reports on these investigations. The main pharmacological actions of ginger and compounds isolated therefrom include immuno-modulatory, anti-tumorigenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-lipidemic and anti-emetic actions. Ginger is a strong anti-oxidant substance and may either mitigate or prevent generation of free radicals. It is considered a safe herbal medicine with only few and insignificant adverse/side effects. More studies are required in animals and humans on the kinetics of ginger and its constituents and on the effects of their consumption over a long period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35, Al Khod 123, Oman.
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Mehrdad M, Messripour M, Ghobadipour M. The effect of ginger extract on blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in mice. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:2968-71. [PMID: 19090210 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.2968.2971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study is going to determine whether ginger has positive or negative effects of kidney. A hydro alcoholic extract of ginger was administered intraperitoneally (IP) every 48 h to male mice for a period of 20 days. Control group received saline containing equal volume of ethanol. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were measured spectrophotometrically. Administration of ginger extract markedly decreased the BUN concentrations in experimental mice in a non linear fashion with regard to the administrated dosages. However, little changes were observed in the levels of creatinine in these animals as compared with control group. It is concluded that ginger may have a beneficial effect for removal of urea from plasma and it may be considered as a therapeutic herb to manage renal function in patient with uremia.
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Colony size measurement of the yeast gene deletion strains for functional genomics. BMC Bioinformatics 2007; 8:117. [PMID: 17408490 PMCID: PMC1854909 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-8-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous functional genomics approaches have been developed to study the model organism yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with the aim of systematically understanding the biology of the cell. Some of these techniques are based on yeast growth differences under different conditions, such as those generated by gene mutations, chemicals or both. Manual inspection of the yeast colonies that are grown under different conditions is often used as a method to detect such growth differences. RESULTS Here, we developed a computerized image analysis system called Growth Detector (GD), to automatically acquire quantitative and comparative information for yeast colony growth. GD offers great convenience and accuracy over the currently used manual growth measurement method. It distinguishes true yeast colonies in a digital image and provides an accurate coordinate oriented map of the colony areas. Some post-processing calculations are also conducted. Using GD, we successfully detected a genetic linkage between the molecular activity of the plant-derived antifungal compound berberine and gene expression components, among other cellular processes. A novel association for the yeast mek1 gene with DNA damage repair was also identified by GD and confirmed by a plasmid repair assay. The results demonstrate the usefulness of GD for yeast functional genomics research. CONCLUSION GD offers significant improvement over the manual inspection method to detect relative yeast colony size differences. The speed and accuracy associated with GD makes it an ideal choice for large-scale functional genomics investigations.
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Zhang L, Yan K, Zhang Y, Huang R, Bian J, Zheng C, Sun H, Chen Z, Sun N, An R, Min F, Zhao W, Zhuo Y, You J, Song Y, Yu Z, Liu Z, Yang K, Gao H, Dai H, Zhang X, Wang J, Fu C, Pei G, Liu J, Zhang S, Goodfellow M, Jiang Y, Kuai J, Zhou G, Chen X. High-throughput synergy screening identifies microbial metabolites as combination agents for the treatment of fungal infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:4606-11. [PMID: 17360571 PMCID: PMC1838648 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0609370104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate of immunocompromised patients with fungal infections and the limited availability of highly efficacious and safe agents demand the development of new antifungal therapeutics. To rapidly discover such agents, we developed a high-throughput synergy screening (HTSS) strategy for novel microbial natural products. Specifically, a microbial natural product library was screened for hits that synergize the effect of a low dosage of ketoconazole (KTC) that alone shows little detectable fungicidal activity. Through screening of approximately 20,000 microbial extracts, 12 hits were identified with broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Seven of them showed little cytotoxicity against human hepatoma cells. Fractionation of the active extracts revealed beauvericin (BEA) as the most potent component, because it dramatically synergized KTC activity against diverse fungal pathogens by a checkerboard assay. Significantly, in our immunocompromised mouse model, combinations of BEA (0.5 mg/kg) and KTC (0.5 mg/kg) prolonged survival of the host infected with Candida parapsilosis and reduced fungal colony counts in animal organs including kidneys, lungs, and brains. Such an effect was not achieved even with the high dose of 50 mg/kg KTC. These data support synergism between BEA and KTC and thereby a prospective strategy for antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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Treyvaud Amiguet V, Petit P, Ta CA, Nuñez R, Sánchez-Vindas P, Alvarez LP, Smith ML, Arnason JT, Durst T. Phytochemistry and antifungal properties of the newly discovered tree Pleodendron costaricense. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2006; 69:1005-9. [PMID: 16872133 DOI: 10.1021/np0504863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Gas chromatography analysis of the essential oils of leaves and bark collected from the newly discovered tree Pleodendron costaricense identified alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, beta-myrcene, beta-thujene, and beta-caryophyllene as their major constituents. Phytochemical analysis of P. costaricense parts led to the isolation and identification of delta-tocotrienol, beta-sitosterol, four known drimane-type sesquiterpenes, cinnamodial (1), cinnamosmolide (2), polygodial (3), and mukaadial (4), and two new compounds, a drimane-type sesquiterpene, parritadial (5), and an eremophilane-type sesquiterpene, pleodendione (6). Antifungal assays with the two major compounds, 1 and 2, were carried out, and results showed a high activity of 1 against Alternaria alternata (MIC = 3.9 microg/mL), Candida albicans azole-resistant strain D10, and Wangiella dermatitides (MICs = 15.6 microg/mL). Compound 2 showed less potent antifungal activities than 1 but was more effective against Candida albicans azole-resistant strain CN1A (MIC = 23.4 microg/mL) and Pseudallescheria boydii (MIC = 78.1 microg/mL). A combination of the dialdehyde sesquiterpenes with dillapiol showed a synergistic antifungal effect with 1 and an additive effect with 4 and 5.
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Engelmeier D, Hadacek F. Chapter 17 Antifungal natural products: assays and applications. ADVANCES IN PHYTOMEDICINE 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-557x(06)03017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Bafi-Yeboa NFA, Arnason JT, Baker J, Smith ML. Antifungal constituents of northern prickly ash, Zanthoxylum americanum mill. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 12:370-7. [PMID: 15957372 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2003.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Leaf, fruit, stem, bark and root of Zanthoxylum americanum were investigated for antifungal activity with 11 strains of fungi representing diverse opportunistic and systemic pathogens, including Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus. All extracts demonstrated a broad spectrum of antifungal activity and inhibited at least eight fungal species in a disk diffusion assay (600 microg/disk). Antifungal activity was light-dependent, with fruit and leaf extracts most active in general. The presence of light-mediated compounds, such as psoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen and imperatorin in extracts of different organs was confirmed by RP-HPLC. A high furanocoumarin content was detected in fruit and leaf and low furanocoumarin levels were found in bark and wood. A high positive correlation was observed between total furanocoumarin content and fungal inhibition zones (r2=0.902, p<0.001). The results provide a phytochemical basis for the very widespread use of Z. americanum in indigenous North American ethnomedical tradition for conditions that may be related to fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- N F A Bafi-Yeboa
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1N 6N5
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Ficker C, Smith ML, Akpagana K, Gbeassor M, Zhang J, Durst T, Assabgui R, Arnason JT. Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antifungal compounds from ginger. Phytother Res 2003; 17:897-902. [PMID: 13680820 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A bioassay-guided isolation of antifungal compounds from an African land race of ginger, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, led to the identification of [6], [8] and [10]-gingerols and [6]-gingerdiol as the main antifungal principles. The compounds were active against 13 human pathogens at concentrations of <1 mg/mL. The gingerol content of the African land race was at least 3 x higher than that of typical commercial cultivars of ginger. Therefore, ginger extracts standardized on the basis of the identified compounds, could be considered as antifungal agents for practical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ficker
- Ottawa-Carleton Institutes of Biology and Chemistry, Carleton University and University of Ottawa, Ottawa ON, Canada
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Ficker CE, Smith ML, Susiarti S, Leaman DJ, Irawati C, Arnason JT. Inhibition of human pathogenic fungi by members of Zingiberaceae used by the Kenyah (Indonesian Borneo). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2003; 85:289-293. [PMID: 12639754 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracts from 11 plant species belonging to the Zingiberaceae were tested for antifungal activity using disc diffusion bioassays. Extracts from several members, especially Alpinia galanga, Curcuma zedoaria and Zingiber purpureum, were found to have pronounced inhibitory activities against a wide variety of human pathogenic fungi, including strains resistant to the common antifungals amphotericin B and ketoconazole. As members of the Zingiberaceae are generally regarded as safe for human consumption, these species are excellent candidates for development as novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Ficker
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ont., K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada
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