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Camus V, Thieblemont C, Gaulard P, Cheminant M, Casasnovas RO, Ysebaert L, Damaj GL, Guidez S, Pica GM, Kim WS, Lim ST, Andre M, Gutiérrez N, Penarrubia MJ, Staber PB, Trotman J, Hüttmann A, Stefoni V, Tucci A, Fogarty P, Farhat H, Abraham J, Abarah W, Belmecheri F, Ribrag V, Delfau-Larue MH, Cottereau AS, Itti E, Li J, Delarue R, de Leval L, Morschhauser F, Bachy E. Romidepsin Plus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone Versus Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone in Patients With Previously Untreated Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: Final Analysis of the Ro-CHOP Trial. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:1612-1618. [PMID: 38364196 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported.The primary analysis of the Ro-CHOP phase III randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01796002) established that romidepsin (Ro) plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) did not yield an increased efficacy compared with CHOP alone as first-line treatment of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. We report the planned final analysis 5 years after the last patient enrolled. With a median follow-up of 6 years, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 12.0 months compared with 10.2 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.79 [95% CI, 0.62 to 1.005]; P = .054), while median overall survival was 62.2 months (35.7-86.6 months) and 43.8 months (30.1-70.2 months; HR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.68 to 1.14]; P = .324) in the Ro-CHOP and CHOP arms, respectively. In an exploratory analysis, the median PFS in the centrally reviewed follicular helper T-cell lymphoma subgroup was significantly longer in the Ro-CHOP arm (19.5 v 10.6 months, HR, 0.703 [95% CI, 0.502 to 0.985]; P = .039). Second-line treatments were given to 251 patients with a median PFS2 and OS2 after relapse or progression of 3.3 months and 11.5 months, respectively. Within the limits of highly heterogeneous second-line treatments, no specific regimen seemed to provide superior disease control. However, a potential benefit was observed with brentuximab vedotin in association with chemotherapy even after excluding anaplastic large-cell lymphoma subtype or after adjusting for histology and international prognostic index in a multivariate model (HR for PFS, 0.431 [95% CI, 0.238 to 0.779]; P = .005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Camus
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | | | - Philippe Gaulard
- Department of Pathology and InsermU955, University Hospital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Morgane Cheminant
- Service d'Hematologie adultes, Hopital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Gian Matteo Pica
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Métropole Savoie Chambéry, Chambéry, France
| | | | | | - Marc Andre
- Department of Hematology, CHU UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Norma Gutiérrez
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, IBSAL, CIBERONC, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Philipp B Staber
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Trotman
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Concord, Australia
| | - Andreas Hüttmann
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, West German Cancer Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Patrick Fogarty
- Biostatistics Department, LYSARC, Hôpital Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Hassan Farhat
- Department of Oncology-Hematology, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Julie Abraham
- Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire (CHU) Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Wajed Abarah
- Department of Hematology, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
| | - Fatiha Belmecheri
- Department of Hematology, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Ribrag
- Department of Hematology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Anne-Ségolène Cottereau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Cité University, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Itti
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Ju Li
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ
| | - Richard Delarue
- Service d'Hematologie adultes, Hopital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Franck Morschhauser
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365-GRITA-Groupe de Recherche sur les Formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Bachy
- Hospices Civils De Lyon, Lyon, France
- Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
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Loke J, Metzner M, Boucher R, Jackson A, Hopkins L, Pavlu J, Tholouli E, Drummond M, Peniket A, Bishop R, Fox S, Vyas P, Craddock C. Combination romidepsin and azacitidine therapy is well tolerated and clinically active in adults with high-risk acute myeloid leukaemia ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Br J Haematol 2022; 196:368-373. [PMID: 34490623 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Azacitidine (AZA) is important in the management of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) who are ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Romidepsin (ROM) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor which synergises with AZA in vitro. The ROMAZA trial established the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of combined ROM/AZA therapy in patients with AML, as ROM 12 mg/m2 on Days 8 and 15, with AZA 75 mg/m2 administered for 7/28 day cycle. Nine of the 38 (23·7%) patients treated at the MTD were classified as responders by Cycle 6 (best response: complete remission [CR]/incomplete CR n = 7, partial response n = 2). Correlative next-generation sequencing studies demonstrated important insights into therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Loke
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Birmingham, UK
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marlen Metzner
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Boucher
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aimee Jackson
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Louise Hopkins
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jiri Pavlu
- Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London at Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Eleni Tholouli
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark Drummond
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, UK
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andy Peniket
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Bishop
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sonia Fox
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paresh Vyas
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
- Oxford University Hospitals Foundation NHS Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Charles Craddock
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, University Hospital Birmingham, UK
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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3
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White KM, Rosales R, Yildiz S, Kehrer T, Miorin L, Moreno E, Jangra S, Uccellini MB, Rathnasinghe R, Coughlan L, Martinez-Romero C, Batra J, Rojc A, Bouhaddou M, Fabius JM, Obernier K, Dejosez M, Guillén MJ, Losada A, Avilés P, Schotsaert M, Zwaka T, Vignuzzi M, Shokat KM, Krogan NJ, García-Sastre A. Plitidepsin has potent preclinical efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting the host protein eEF1A. Science 2021; 371:926-931. [PMID: 33495306 PMCID: PMC7963220 DOI: 10.1126/science.abf4058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral proteins interact with the eukaryotic translation machinery, and inhibitors of translation have potent antiviral effects. We found that the drug plitidepsin (aplidin), which has limited clinical approval, possesses antiviral activity (90% inhibitory concentration = 0.88 nM) that is more potent than remdesivir against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro by a factor of 27.5, with limited toxicity in cell culture. Through the use of a drug-resistant mutant, we show that the antiviral activity of plitidepsin against SARS-CoV-2 is mediated through inhibition of the known target eEF1A (eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A). We demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of plitidepsin treatment in two mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection with a reduction of viral replication in the lungs by two orders of magnitude using prophylactic treatment. Our results indicate that plitidepsin is a promising therapeutic candidate for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kris M White
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Romel Rosales
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Soner Yildiz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Kehrer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa Miorin
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elena Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonia Jangra
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa B Uccellini
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raveen Rathnasinghe
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lynda Coughlan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health (CVD), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carles Martinez-Romero
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jyoti Batra
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ajda Rojc
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Mehdi Bouhaddou
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Fabius
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kirsten Obernier
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Marion Dejosez
- Huffington Foundation Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's Disease, Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - María José Guillén
- Research and Development Department, PharmaMar, 28770 Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Losada
- Research and Development Department, PharmaMar, 28770 Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Avilés
- Research and Development Department, PharmaMar, 28770 Colmenar Viejo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Zwaka
- Huffington Foundation Center for Cell-Based Research in Parkinson's Disease, Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marco Vignuzzi
- Viral Populations and Pathogenesis Unit, CNRS UMR 3569, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Kevan M Shokat
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- QBI Coronavirus Research Group (QCRG), San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Global Health Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Okano H, Okamura T, Takahashi Y, Takashima K, Ojiro R, Tang Q, Jin M, Kikuchi S, Ogawa B, Yoshida T, Yoshinari T, Shibutani M. A 28-day repeated oral dose toxicity study of enniatin complex in mice. J Toxicol Sci 2021; 46:157-165. [PMID: 33814509 DOI: 10.2131/jts.46.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Enniatins are so-called "emerging mycotoxins" that commonly occur in milligrams per kilogram levels in grains and their derived products, as well as in fish, dried fruits, nuts, spices, cocoa, and coffee. The present study investigated the 28-day repeated oral dose toxicity of enniatin complex in CD1(ICR) mice. Enniatin B, enniatin B1, and enniatin A1 at a ratio of 4:4:1 were administered to male and female mice at doses of 0 (vehicle controls), 0.8, 4, and 20 mg/kg body weight/day. In life parameters did not change during the study period, with the exception of slight reductions in food consumption in male mice administered 4 and 20 mg/kg and in female mice administered 20 mg/kg. Body and organ weights did not change, and no alterations in hematology, blood biochemistry, or histopathology parameters were observed at the end of the administration period. Thus, we determined that the no-observed-adverse-effect level of enniatin complex was 20 mg/kg/day for both sexes under the present experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromu Okano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Toshiya Okamura
- Toxicology Division, Gotemba Laboratory, BoZo Research Center Inc
| | - Yasunori Takahashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Kazumi Takashima
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Ryota Ojiro
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, China
| | - Satomi Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Bunichiro Ogawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | | | - Makoto Shibutani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Cooperative Division of Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Institute of Global Innovation Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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Chang TC, Matossian MD, Elliott S, Burks HE, Sabol RA, Ucar DA, Wathieu H, Zabaleta J, Valle LD, Gill S, Martin E, Riker AI, Miele L, Bunnell BA, Burow ME, Collins-Burow BM. Evaluation of deacetylase inhibition in metaplastic breast carcinoma using multiple derivations of preclinical models of a new patient-derived tumor. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226464. [PMID: 33035223 PMCID: PMC7546483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a clinically aggressive and rare subtype of breast cancer, with similar features to basal-like breast cancers. Due to rapid growth rates and characteristic heterogeneity, MBC is often unresponsive to standard chemotherapies; and novel targeted therapeutic discovery is urgently needed. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (DACi) suppress tumor growth and metastasis through regulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition axis in various cancers, including basal-like breast cancers. We utilized a new MBC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) to examine the effect of DACi therapy on MBC. Cell morphology, cell cycle-associated gene expressions, transwell migration, and metastasis were evaluated in patient-derived cells and tumors after treatment with romidepsin and panobinostat. Derivations of our PDX model, including cells, spheres, organoids, explants, and in vivo implanted tumors were treated. Finally, we tested the effects of combining DACi with approved chemotherapeutics on relative cell biomass. DACi significantly suppressed the total number of lung metastasis in vivo using our PDX model, suggesting a role for DACi in preventing circulating tumor cells from seeding distal tissue sites. These data were supported by our findings that DACi reduced cell migration, populations, and expression of mesenchymal-associated genes. While DACi treatment did affect cell cycle-regulating genes in vitro, tumor growth was not affected compared to controls. Importantly, gene expression results varied depending on the cellular or tumor system used, emphasizing the importance of using multiple derivations of cancer models in preclinical therapeutic discovery research. Furthermore, DACi sensitized and produced a synergistic effect with approved oncology therapeutics on inherently resistant MBC. This study introduced a role for DACi in suppressing the migratory and mesenchymal phenotype of MBC cells through regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition axis and suppression of the CTC population. Preliminary evidence that DACi treatment in combination with MEK1/2 inhibitors exerts a synergistic effect on MBC cells was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany C. Chang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TCC); (BMCB)
| | - Margarite D. Matossian
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Steven Elliott
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Hope E. Burks
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Rachel A. Sabol
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Deniz A. Ucar
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Henri Wathieu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Luis De Valle
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Sukhmani Gill
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Martin
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Adam I. Riker
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Bunnell
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Matthew E. Burow
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Bridgette M. Collins-Burow
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail: (TCC); (BMCB)
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6
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Yamasaki S, Kada A, Nagai H, Yoshida I, Choi I, Saito AM, Iwasaki H. Phase II Trial Using Romidepsin after Gemcitabine, Dexamethasone, and Cisplatin Therapy in Elderly Transplant-Ineligible Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: Study Protocol. Acta Med Okayama 2019; 73:469-474. [PMID: 31649375 DOI: 10.18926/amo/57379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Romidepsin is an important therapeutic option for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). However, the timing of romidepsin administration remains controversial. Romidepsin was launched in Japan as a consolidation therapy agent after conventional salvage chemotherapy with gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin (GDP). GDP therapy will be administered every 3 weeks. If complete response, partial response, or stable disease is confirmed after 2-4 GDP cycles, romidepsin will be administered every 4 weeks. The primary endpoint is a 2-year progression-free survival rate. Patients participating in this study and undergoing treatment can expect results similar to or better than those of conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamasaki
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Research Institute, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka 810-0863,
| | - Akiko Kada
- Department of Clinical Trials and Research, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Nagai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology Research, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan
| | - Isao Yoshida
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, NHO Shikoku Cancer Center, Matsuyama 791-0280, Japan
| | - Ilseung Choi
- Department of Hematology, NHO Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
| | - Akiko M Saito
- Department of Clinical Trials and Research, Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan
| | - Hiromi Iwasaki
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Research Institute, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka 810-0863, Japan
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Gaillard SL, Zahurak M, Sharma A, Reiss KA, Sartorius-Mergenthaler S, Downs M, Anders NM, Ahuja N, Rudek MA, Azad N. A phase 1 trial of the oral DNA methyltransferase inhibitor CC-486 and the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin in advanced solid tumors. Cancer 2019; 125:2837-2845. [PMID: 31012962 PMCID: PMC6663621 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic abnormalities are manifold in all solid tumors and include changes in chromatin configuration and DNA methylation. The authors designed a phase 1 study to evaluate the oral DNA methyltransferase inhibitor CC-486 combined with the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin in advanced solid tumors with dose expansion to further evaluate pharmacodynamics and possible clinical benefit of the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). METHODS This was a phase 1 study with a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design and an expansion phase for patients with virally mediated cancers. The disease control rate (DCR) was the primary outcome for the expansion cohort. Correlative studies included long interspersed nucleotide element 1 (LINE-1) methylation and drug exposure in blood samples (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01537744). RESULTS Fourteen patients were enrolled in the dose-escalation portion at 3 dose levels. Three patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities; the RP2D was oral CC-486 300 mg daily on days 1 through 14 and romidepsin 8 mg/m2 on days 8 and 15. Because of slow accrual into the expansion phase, the trial was closed after 4 patients enrolled. Common toxicities of the combination included nausea (83.3%), anorexia (72.2%), fatigue (61.1%), and constipation (55.6%). There were 12 patients evaluable for response, 5 with stable disease, of whom 2 received >4 cycles; there were no responses. Exposure to CC-486 and romidepsin was consistent with prior data. LINE-1 methylation on C1D8 was significantly reduced (mean, -6.23; 95% CI, -12.23, -0.24; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Although, at the RP2D, the combination of CC-486 and romidepsin was tolerable, no significant anticancer activity was observed. Significant demethylation in post-treatment circulating tumor DNA and biopsies provided proof of target acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie L. Gaillard
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Marianna Zahurak
- Department of Oncology Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anup Sharma
- Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kim A. Reiss
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Melinda Downs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nicole M. Anders
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nita Ahuja
- Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michelle A. Rudek
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Medicine Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nilofer Azad
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Nachmias B, Shaulov A, Lavie D, Goldschmidt N, Gural A, Saban R, Lebel E, Gatt ME. Romidepsin-Bendamustine Combination for Relapsed/Refractory T Cell Lymphoma. Acta Haematol 2019; 141:216-221. [PMID: 30943470 DOI: 10.1159/000498905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) is limited to a few agents. Romidepsin, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, was approved for PTCL treatment as a single agent in the R/R setting, yet with partial efficacy. Several attempts to combine romidepsin with other chemotherapy regimens have been reported, however, with significant toxicity. OBJECTIVES To study the romidepsin-bendamustine combination in PTCL in an attempt to maximize efficacy while minimizing toxicity. METHODS We report on a series of 7 heavily pretreated PTCL patients (2-5 previous lines of therapy) treated with a romidepsin-bendamustine combination. RESULTS Four patients were not previously exposed to either drug. Of these, 2 achieved complete remission. Interestingly, 1 patient continued treatment with a prolonged progression-free survival of more than 4 years. Toxicity was minimal and no treatment-related deaths or discontinuation were noted. Significant nausea and vomiting were reported in over 50% of patients. Hematological toxicity was mild and lower than that reported for other romidepsin-chemotherapy combinations and was correlated with bone marrow involvement by lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS Although reporting a small number of patients, our data suggest that the combination of romidepsin and bendamustine may be a feasible therapeutic option in R/R PTCL patients and merits further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz Nachmias
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adir Shaulov
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David Lavie
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Neta Goldschmidt
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Alexander Gural
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Revital Saban
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eyal Lebel
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Moshe E Gatt
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah - Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel,
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MORON-LOPEZ S, KIM P, SøGAARD OS, TOLSTRUP M, WONG JK, YUKL SA. Characterization of the HIV-1 transcription profile after romidepsin administration in ART-suppressed individuals. AIDS 2019; 33:425-431. [PMID: 30531314 PMCID: PMC6374101 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Reversing HIV-1 latency has been suggested as a strategy to eradicate HIV-1. We investigated the effect of romidepsin on the HIV transcription profile in participants from the REDUC part B clinical trial. DESIGN Seventeen participants on suppressive antiretroviral therapy were vaccinated with six doses of the therapeutic vaccine Vacc-4x followed by treatment with three doses of romidepsin. Samples from nine study participants were available for HIV transcription profile analysis. METHODS Read-through, total (TAR), elongated (longLTR), polyadenylated (polyA) and multiply-spliced (Tat-Rev) HIV transcripts and total HIV DNA were quantified at baseline (visit 1) and 4 h after the second (visit 10b) and third (visit 11b) romidepsin infusions. RESULTS Read-through, total, elongated, and polyadenylated HIV transcripts increased after romidepsin infusion (P = 0.020, P = 0.0078, P = 0.0039, P = 0.027, respectively), but no changes were observed in multiply-spliced HIV RNA or HIV DNA. No change was observed in the ratio of read-through/total HIV transcripts. The ratio of elongated/total HIV RNA increased after romidepsin (P = 0.016), whereas the ratio of polyadenylated/elongated HIV decreased. Both elongated HIV transcripts and total HIV DNA correlated negatively with the time to viral rebound after interruption of ART. CONCLUSIONS In these patients, romidepsin increased early events in HIV transcription (initiation and especially elongation), but had less effect on later stages (completion, multiple splicing) that may be required for comprehensive latency reversal and cell killing. Without cell death, increased HIV transcription before or after latency reversal may hasten viral rebound after therapy interruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara MORON-LOPEZ
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, 111W, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Peggy KIM
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, 111W, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Ole S. SøGAARD
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Martin TOLSTRUP
- The Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8200, Denmark
| | - Joseph K. WONG
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, 111W, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Steven A. YUKL
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and University of California San Francisco (UCSF), 4150 Clement Street, 111W, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
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Rohdich N, Zschiesche E, Wolf O, Loehlein W, Kirkova Z, Iliev P, Rapti D, Postoli R, Capári B, Farkas R, Roepke RKA. A randomized, blinded, controlled, multi-centered field study assessing the treatment of gastrointestinal nematode infections in cats with fluralaner plus moxidectin spot-on solution (Bravecto® Plus). Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:589. [PMID: 30449275 PMCID: PMC6240952 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3169-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A spot-on formulation containing fluralaner (280 mg/ml) plus moxidectin (14 mg/ml) (Bravecto® Plus) was developed for the treatment of nematode infections as well as providing 12 weeks of protection against insect and acarine parasites in cats. The effectiveness and safety of this product against feline gastrointestinal nematodes was assessed in naturally-infested, client-owned cats under field conditions in Albania, Bulgaria, Germany and Hungary. METHODS To be eligible for enrollment in this investigator-blinded study cats had to be at least 10 weeks-old, weigh at least 1.2 kg, be clinically healthy, and have a faecal sample testing positive for nematodes no more than eight days prior to treatment. Cats were stratified into blocks of three in order of presentation at each center and randomly allocated in a 2:1 ratio to be treated topically on Day 0 with fluralaner plus moxidectin (minimum dose rates 40 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, respectively) or emodepside plus praziquantel (minimum dose rates 3 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg, respectively) (Profender®). Faecal samples were collected from cats prior to treatment and 14 ± 4 days later. RESULTS There were 182 cats randomized to the fluralaner plus moxidectin group, and 91 to the emodepside plus praziquantel group. Prior to treatment the most commonly identified nematode egg was Toxocara cati, found in 79.1 and 82.4% of cats in the fluralaner plus moxidectin and emodepside plus praziquantel groups, respectively. Eggs of Toxascaris leonina were found in 8.2 and 6.6% of cats; of hookworms in 30.8 and 24.2%; and of Capillaria spp. in 7.1 and 4.3%, respectively. After treatment, faecal samples from 98.3% of fluralaner plus moxidectin treated and 96.6% of emodepside plus praziquantel-treated cats were free of nematode ova. Geometric mean faecal egg count reductions for T. cati, the only eggs found in post-treatment faecal samples, were 99.97% and 99.93%, respectively. Treatment with fluralaner plus moxidectin was non-inferior to emodepside plus praziquantel. Both products were safe and well tolerated by cats treated under field conditions. CONCLUSIONS This field study confirms that, in addition to 12-week extended duration flea and tick control, fluralaner plus moxidectin provides broad spectrum treatment of nematodes in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Rohdich
- MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270 Schwabenheim, Germany
| | - Eva Zschiesche
- MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270 Schwabenheim, Germany
| | - Oliver Wolf
- Loehlein & Wolf Vet Research, Maistrasse 69, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Zvezdelina Kirkova
- Department of Parasitology, Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Petar Iliev
- Department of Parasitology, Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Student Campus, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Dhimitër Rapti
- Klinika Veterinare Xhimi, Bulevardi Bajram Curri Nr 2, Tirana, Albania
| | - Rezart Postoli
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Kodër Kamëz, Tirana, Albania
| | | | - Róbert Farkas
- Department of Parasitology and Zoology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, István u. 2, 1078 Budapest VII, Hungary
| | - Rainer K. A. Roepke
- MSD Animal Health Innovation GmbH, Zur Propstei, 55270 Schwabenheim, Germany
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11
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Foss F, Pro B, Miles Prince H, Sokol L, Caballero D, Horwitz S, Coiffier B. Responses to romidepsin by line of therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Cancer Med 2017; 6:36-44. [PMID: 27981793 PMCID: PMC5269566 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas typically associated with poor prognosis. Most patients with PTCL receive chemotherapy as first-line treatment, but many experience rapid relapse. For patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL, responses to treatment and long-term outcomes tend to worsen with increasing lines of therapy. Romidepsin is a potent class I histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of PTCL in patients who have received ≥1 prior therapy. A pivotal phase 2 trial of romidepsin in patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL demonstrated an objective response rate of 25% (33/130), including 15% with confirmed/unconfirmed complete response, and a median duration of response of 28 months. In the analysis presented herein, romidepsin was shown to have similar responses and long-term outcomes in patients with 1, 2, and ≥3 prior lines of treatment, including in patients with disease refractory to the last prior therapy. Although adverse events increased with increasing lines of treatment, the rate of dose modifications and discontinuations due to adverse events was not significantly different. These data support the use of romidepsin as salvage treatment for PTCL irrespective of the number of prior therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Pro
- Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | - H. Miles Prince
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreUniversity of MelbourneMelbourne, VictoriaAustralia
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Fraeyman S, Devreese M, Antonissen G, De Baere S, Rychlik M, Croubels S. Comparative Oral Bioavailability, Toxicokinetics, and Biotransformation of Enniatin B1 and Enniatin B in Broiler Chickens. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:7259-7264. [PMID: 27632250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A toxicokinetic study of the Fusarium mycotoxins enniatin B1 (ENN B1) and enniatin B (ENN B) was performed in broiler chickens. Each animal received ENN B1 or B orally via an intracrop bolus and intravenously at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight. Both enniatins were poorly absorbed after oral administration, with absolute oral bioavailabilities of 0.05 and 0.11 for ENNs B1 and B, respectively. Both enniatins were readily distributed to the tissues, with mean volumes of distribution of 25.09 and 33.91 L/kg for ENNs B1 and B, respectively. The mean total body clearance was rather high, namely, 6.63 and 7.10 L/h/kg for ENNs B1 and B, respectively. Finally, an UHPLC-HRMS targeted approach was used to investigate the phase I and II biotransformations of both mycotoxins. Oxygenation was the major phase I biotransformation pathway for both ENNs B1 and B. Neither glucuronide nor sulfate phase II metabolites were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael Rychlik
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität München , Alte Akademie 10, 85354 Freising, Germany
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13
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Valdez BC, Brammer JE, Li Y, Murray D, Teo EC, Liu Y, Hosing C, Nieto Y, Champlin RE, Andersson BS. Romidepsin enhances the cytotoxicity of fludarabine, clofarabine and busulfan combination in malignant T-cells. Leuk Res 2016; 47:100-8. [PMID: 27294334 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Novel approaches to pre-transplant conditioning are needed to improve treatment of advanced T-cell malignancies. We investigated the synergism of fludarabine (Flu), clofarabine (Clo), busulfan (Bu), and romidepsin (Rom) in T-cell lines and patient-derived cell samples. [Flu+Clo+Bu+Rom] had combination indexes of 0.4-0.5 at ∼50% cytotoxicity in PEER and SUPT1 cells, suggesting synergism. Drug exposure resulted in histone modifications, DNA-damage response (DDR), increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane (MM) potential, and apoptosis. Similar activation of DDR and apoptosis was observed in patient samples. The PI3K-AKT-mTOR, NFκB, Raf-MEK-ERK, JAK-STAT and Wnt/β-catenin pro-survival pathways were inhibited by the 4-drug combination. The SAPK/JNK stress pathway was activated. A novel finding was the down-regulation of the drug transporter MRP1. We propose the following mechanisms of synergism: Flu, Clo and Rom induce histone modifications and chromatin remodeling, exposing DNA to Bu alkylation; the increased production of ROS, due to drug-mediated stress response and decreased GSH, damages the MM causing leakage of pro-apoptotic factors; down-regulation of MRP1 increases intracellular Bu concentration and exacerbates the DDR; and inhibition of multiple survival pathways. Our results provide the basis for a clinical trial to evaluate [Flu+Clo+Bu+Rom] as part of conditioning regimen for refractory T-cell malignancy patients undergoing stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benigno C Valdez
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jonathan E Brammer
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Murray
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Esmeralda C Teo
- Department of Hematology, Singapore General Hospital, Level 3 Academia, 20 College Road, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chitra Hosing
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yago Nieto
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard E Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Borje S Andersson
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Böhm C, Wolken S, Schnyder M, Basso W, Deplazes P, Di Cesare A, Deuster K, Schaper R. Efficacy of Emodepside/Praziquantel Spot-on (Profender®) against adult Aelurostrongylus abstrusus Nematodes in Experimentally Infected Cats. Parasitol Res 2016; 114 Suppl 1:S155-64. [PMID: 26152416 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4521-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The adulticidal efficacy of a topical combination of emodepside 2.1 % (w/v) plus praziquantel 8.6 % (w/v) (Profender® spot-on for cats, Bayer) against adult Aelurostrongylus abstrusus nematodes was evaluated in two randomised, placebo-controlled laboratory efficacy studies. Each study involved 16 cats experimentally inoculated with L3 (800 and 600 each in studies no. 1 and 2, respectively) and randomised into two study groups of 8 cats each after onset of patency. While cats in the treatment group in study no. 1 received a single spot-on application at the minimum therapeutic dose (3 mg/kg emodepside and 12 mg/kg praziquantel), cats in study no. 2 were treated twice with an interval of 14 days. The faecal output of first stage larvae was monitored throughout the study. Necropsy was conducted 4 or 5 weeks after the (first) treatment and the worm counts were used for efficacy calculations. The control groups showed a geometric mean of the total worm count (live and dead worms) of 28.8 (study no. 1) and 17.6 (study no. 2), respectively. All control animals were infected. While the single treatment in study no. 1 resulted in a reduction of the total worm burden by 73.0 % (p = 0.0070), the treatment protocol in study no. 2 was 99.2 % effective (p = 0.0035). Based on live worm counts, the efficacy in study no. 2 was 100 % (p = 0.0030). It is concluded that two applications of Profender® spot-on given two weeks apart represent a safe and highly efficacious treatment regime against feline aelurostrongylosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Böhm
- Bayer Animal Health GmbH, 51381, Leverkusen, Germany,
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15
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Søgaard OS, Graversen ME, Leth S, Olesen R, Brinkmann CR, Nissen SK, Kjaer AS, Schleimann MH, Denton PW, Hey-Cunningham WJ, Koelsch KK, Pantaleo G, Krogsgaard K, Sommerfelt M, Fromentin R, Chomont N, Rasmussen TA, Østergaard L, Tolstrup M. The Depsipeptide Romidepsin Reverses HIV-1 Latency In Vivo. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1005142. [PMID: 26379282 PMCID: PMC4575032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacologically-induced activation of replication competent proviruses from latency in the presence of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has been proposed as a step towards curing HIV-1 infection. However, until now, approaches to reverse HIV-1 latency in humans have yielded mixed results. Here, we report a proof-of-concept phase Ib/IIa trial where 6 aviremic HIV-1 infected adults received intravenous 5 mg/m2 romidepsin (Celgene) once weekly for 3 weeks while maintaining ART. Lymphocyte histone H3 acetylation, a cellular measure of the pharmacodynamic response to romidepsin, increased rapidly (maximum fold range: 3.7–7.7 relative to baseline) within the first hours following each romidepsin administration. Concurrently, HIV-1 transcription quantified as copies of cell-associated un-spliced HIV-1 RNA increased significantly from baseline during treatment (range of fold-increase: 2.4–5.0; p = 0.03). Plasma HIV-1 RNA increased from <20 copies/mL at baseline to readily quantifiable levels at multiple post-infusion time-points in 5 of 6 patients (range 46–103 copies/mL following the second infusion, p = 0.04). Importantly, romidepsin did not decrease the number of HIV-specific T cells or inhibit T cell cytokine production. Adverse events (all grade 1–2) were consistent with the known side effects of romidepsin. In conclusion, romidepsin safely induced HIV-1 transcription resulting in plasma HIV-1 RNA that was readily detected with standard commercial assays demonstrating that significant reversal of HIV-1 latency in vivo is possible without blunting T cell-mediated immune responses. These finding have major implications for future trials aiming to eradicate the HIV-1 reservoir. One proposed way of curing HIV is to activate virus transcription and kill latently infected cells while the presence of antiretroviral therapy prevents spreading the infection. Induction of global T cell activation by mitogenic or other potent activators effectively reverses HIV-1 from latency ex vivo, but such compounds are generally too toxic for clinical use. Therefore, investigating the capacity of small molecule latency reversing agents to induce production of virus without causing global T cell activation has been a top research priority for scientists in recent years. In the present clinical trial, we demonstrate that significant viral reactivation can be safely induced using the depsipeptide romidepsin (HDAC inhibitor) in long-term suppressed HIV-1 individuals on antiretroviral therapy. Following each romidepsin infusion, we observed clear increases in lymphocyte H3 acetylation, HIV-1 transcription, and plasma HIV-1 RNA. Importantly, this reversal of HIV-1 latency could be measured using standard clinical assays for detection of plasma HIV-1 RNA. Furthermore, romidepsin did not alter the proportion of HIV-specific T cells or inhibit T cell cytokine production which is critically important for future trials combining HDAC inhibitors with interventions (e.g. therapeutic HIV-1 vaccination) designed to enhance killing of latently infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole S. Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Mette E. Graversen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steffen Leth
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rikke Olesen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Sara K. Nissen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Sofie Kjaer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mariane H. Schleimann
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Paul W. Denton
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Aarhus Institute for Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - William J. Hey-Cunningham
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Medicine, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kersten K. Koelsch
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Medicine, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Pantaleo
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thomas A. Rasmussen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Østergaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Zullo KM, Guo Y, Cooke L, Jirau-Serrano X, Mangone M, Scotto L, Amengual JE, Mao Y, Nandakumar R, Cremers S, Duong J, Mahadevan D, O'Connor OA. Aurora A Kinase Inhibition Selectively Synergizes with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor through Cytokinesis Failure in T-cell Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4097-109. [PMID: 25878331 PMCID: PMC4581881 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aurora A kinase (AAK) is expressed exclusively during mitosis, and plays a critical role in centrosome duplication and spindle formation. Alisertib is a highly selective AAK inhibitor that has demonstrated marked clinical activity of alisertib across a spectrum of lymphomas, though particularly in patients with T-cell lymphoma (TCL). We sought to compare and contrast the activity of alisertib in preclinical models of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) and TCL, and identify combinations worthy of clinical study. High-throughput screening of pralatrexate, the proteasome inhibitor (ixazomib), and the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor (romidepsin) revealed that only romidepsin synergized with alisertib, and only in models of TCL. We discovered that the mechanism of synergy between AAK inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors appears to be mediated through cytokinesis failure. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A high-throughput screening approach was used to identify drugs that were potentially synergistic in combination with alisertib. Live-cell imaging was used to explore the mechanistic basis for the drug: drug interaction between alisertib and romidepsin. An in vivo xenograft TCL model was used to confirm in vitro results. RESULTS In vitro, alisertib exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in BCL and TCL cell lines. Alisertib was synergistic with romidepsin in a T-cell-specific fashion that was confirmed in vivo. Live-cell imaging demonstrated that the combination treatment resulted in profound cytokinesis failure. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly suggest that the combination of alisertib and romidepsin is highly synergistic in TCL through modulation of cytokinesis and merits clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M Zullo
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yige Guo
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Laurence Cooke
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, West Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Xavier Jirau-Serrano
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael Mangone
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jennifer E Amengual
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yinghui Mao
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Renu Nandakumar
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Serge Cremers
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jimmy Duong
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Daruka Mahadevan
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, West Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Owen A O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas associated with poor prognosis in most subtypes. Diagnosis of this rare disease by expert hematopathologists improves accuracy of subtyping, and referral to academic or specialty centers is recommended. Many patients, however, will receive treatment in the community, and knowledge of approved agents is key to optimizing therapeutic approaches for all patients. There is no current standard of care for patients with PTCL and no approved therapies for first-line treatment. Although many patients initially respond to induction chemotherapy, responses are often brief, and many patients relapse or become treatment refractory. For patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL, achievement of durable responses is challenging, and there are few treatment options. Romidepsin is a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma who have received one prior systemic therapy or more and patients with PTCL who have received one prior therapy or more. Approval of romidepsin for PTCL was based on a pivotal phase II study of patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL (n = 131) that demonstrated an objective response rate of 25% including 15% with complete response; responses lasted a median of >2 years. Long-term responses to romidepsin were achieved in patients regardless of baseline characteristics, including subtype, heavy pretreatment, response to prior therapy, or advanced disease. Common adverse events included hematologic abnormalities, gastrointestinal or asthenic conditions, and infections; romidepsin was not correlated with clinically meaningful QT prolongation or electrocardiogram abnormalities. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Due to the rarity, severity, and heterogeneous nature of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), diagnosis by expert hematopathologists is preferred, and referral to specialty centers is recommended. Many patients, however, will receive treatment in the community, and community oncologists play a key role in the recognition and treatment of PTCL. Knowledge of approved agents is key for optimizing therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of PTCL and an in-depth examination of romidepsin, a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory PTCL, and highlights difficulties of diagnosis and optimization of treatment modalities for patients with PTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaminathan P Iyer
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Francine F Foss
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Ratain MJ, Geary D, Undevia SD, Coronado C, Alfaro V, Iglesias JL, Schilsky RL, Miguel-Lillo B. First-in-human, phase I study of elisidepsin (PM02734) administered as a 30-min or as a 3-hour intravenous infusion every three weeks in patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2015; 33:901-10. [PMID: 25947566 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0247-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This first-in-human, phase I clinical trial was designed to determine the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) and the dose for phase II trials (P2D) of elisidepsin (PM02734) administered as a 30-min or as a 3-h intravenous infusion every 3 weeks (q3wk). Between March 2006 and April 2011, 53 patients with advanced malignant solid tumors were enrolled and treated with elisidepsin on the two different q3wk infusion schedules: 22 (30-min) and 31 (3-h), respectively. Doses evaluated ranged from 0.1 to 1.6 mg/m(2) (30-min q3wk) and from 2.0 to 11.0 mg flat dose (FD) (3-h q3wk). In the 30-min q3wk schedule, transient grade 3/4 increases in hepatic transaminases were the DLT, which appeared at the highest doses tested (from 1.1 to 1.6 mg/m(2)). No DLTs were observed on the 3-h schedule at doses up to 11.0 mg q3wk. Common adverse events were grade 1/2 pruritus, nausea, fatigue and hypersensitivity. Of note, myelotoxicity was not observed. Plasma maximum concentration and total drug exposure increased linearly with dose. Prolonged (≥3 months) disease stabilization was observed in pretreated patients with pleural mesothelioma (n = 1) in the 30-min q3wk arm, and with colorectal adenocarcinoma (n = 3), esophagus adenocarcinoma, endometrium adenocarcinoma, pleural mesothelioma, and head and neck carcinoma (n = 1 each) in the 3-h q3wk arm. In conclusion, elisidepsin doses of 1.1 mg/m(2) (equivalent to a FD of 2.0 mg) and 11.0 mg FD are the dose levels achieved for further phase II trials testing the 30-min q3wk and 3-h q3wk schedules, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Ratain
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, MC2115, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA,
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Trendowski M, Wong V, Wellington K, Hatfield S, Fondy TP. Tolerated doses in zebrafish of cytochalasins and jasplakinolide for comparison with tolerated doses in mice in the evaluation of pre-clinical activity of microfilament-directed agents in tumor model systems in vivo. In Vivo 2014; 28:1021-1031. [PMID: 25398795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Chemotherapeutic approaches involving microtubule-directed agents such as the vinca alkaloids and taxanes are used extensively and effectively in clinical cancer therapy. There is abundant evidence of critical cytoskeletal differences involving microfilaments between normal and neoplastic cells, and a variety of natural products and semi-synthetic derivatives are available to exploit these differences in vitro. In spite of the availability of such potential anti-neoplastic agents, there has yet to be an effective microfilament-directed agent approved for clinical use. Cytochalasins are mycogenic toxins derived from a variety of fungal sources that have shown promising in vitro efficacy in disrupting microfilaments and producing remarkable cell enlargement and multi-nucleation in cancer cells without producing enlargement and multi-nucleation in normal blood cells. Jasplakinolide is a sponge toxin that stabilizes and rigidifies microfilaments. Insufficient in vivo data has been acquired to determine whether any of the microfilament-directed agents have valuable preferential anticancer activity in pre-clinical tumor model systems. This is partly because the limited availability of these agents precludes their initial use in large-scale mammalian pre-clinical studies. Therefore, the present study sought to determine the tolerated in vivo doses of cytochalasins and jasplakinolide in zebrafish (Danio rerio), a well-studied fish cancer model that is 1.5% the size of mice. We also determined the tolerated levels of a variety of clinically active anti-neoplastic agents in zebrafish for comparison with tolerated murine doses as a means to allow comparison of toxicities in zebrafish expressed as μM concentrations with toxicities in mice expressed in mg/kg. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tolerated doses in zebrafish with various cytochalasins or jasplakinolide were determined by adding the solubilized test agent to water in which the fish were maintained for 24 h, then restored to their normal tanks and monitored for a total of 96 h. RESULTS Cytochalasin D at 0.2 μM gave an approximate LD50 in zebrafish, while cytochalasin B was fully-tolerated at 5 μM, and gave an LD50 of 10 μM. 21,22-dihydrocytochalasin B was fully-tolerated at 10 μM. Cytochalasin C was tolerated fully at 1 μM, ten-fold higher than the level for cytochalasin D that was tolerated. Jasplakinolide at 0.5 μM did not exhibit any apparent acute toxicity or affect fish behavior for four days, but delayed toxicity was evident at days 4 and 6 when the fish died. Further, the addition of 5 μM glutathione (GSH) at the time of treatment substantially decreased the toxicity of 10 μM cytochalasin B, a level of cytochalasin B that not otherwise tolerated in vivo. Such observations were likely due to GSH-mediated alkylation of C-20 in cytochalasin B, thereby reducing the rate of oxidation to the highly toxic congener, cytochalasin A, and reacting with any cytochalazin A formed. The protective effects of GSH are further supported by its ability to react with α, β-unsaturated ketone moieties, as is found in cytochalasin A. GSH at 0.8 uM was able to reduce the toxicity of 0.8 μM cytochalasin D, but it took 20 μM GSH to fully protect against the toxicity of 0.8 μM cytochalasin D. CONCLUSION Pre-clinical evaluation of rare natural products such as microfilamented-directed agents for efficacy in vivo in tumor-bearing zebrafish is a feasible prospect. Dose-limiting toxicities in zebrafish expressed as μM concentrations in water can be used to estimate in vivo toxicities in mice expressed as mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Wong
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, U.S.A
| | | | | | - Thomas P Fondy
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, U.S.A
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Kulke D, Krücken J, Harder A, von Samson-Himmelstjerna G. Efficacy of cyclooctadepsipeptides and aminophenylamidines against larval, immature and mature adult stages of a parasitologically characterized trichurosis model in mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2698. [PMID: 24587460 PMCID: PMC3930511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The genus Trichuris includes parasites of major relevance in veterinary and human medicine. Despite serious economic losses and enormous impact on public health, treatment options against whipworms are very limited. Additionally, there is an obvious lack of appropriately characterized experimental infection models. Therefore, a detailed parasitological characterization of a Trichuris muris isolate was performed in C57BL/10 mice. Subsequently, the in vivo efficacies of the aminophenylamidines amidantel, deacylated amidantel (dAMD) and tribendimidine as well as the cyclooctadepsipeptides emodepside and in particular PF1022A were analyzed. This was performed using various administration routes and treatment schemes targeting histotropic and further developed larval as well as immature and mature adult stages. Methodology/Principal Findings Duration of prepatent period, time-dependent localization of larvae during period of prepatency as well as the duration of patency of the infection were determined before drugs were tested in the characterized trichurosis model. Amidantel showed no effect against mature adult T. muris. Tribendimidine showed significantly higher potency than dAMD after oral treatments (ED50 values of 6.5 vs. 15.1 mg/kg). However, the opposite was found for intraperitoneal treatments (ED50 values of 15.3 vs. 8.3 mg/kg). When emodepside and PF1022A were compared, the latter was significantly less effective against mature adults following intraperitoneal (ED50 values of 6.1 vs. 55.7 mg/kg) or subcutaneous (ED50 values of 15.2 vs. 225.7 mg/kg) administration. Only minimal differences were observed following oral administration (ED50 values of 2.7 vs. 5.2 mg/kg). Triple and most single oral doses with moderate to high dosages of PF1022A showed complete efficacy against histotropic second stage larvae (3×100 mg/kg or 1×250 mg/kg), further developed larvae (3×10 mg/kg or 1×100 mg/kg) and immature adults (3×10 mg/kg or 1×100 mg/kg). Histotropic first stage larvae were only eliminated after three doses of PF1022A (3×100 mg/kg) but not after a single dose. Conclusions/Significance These results indicate that the cyclooctadepsipeptides are a drug class with promising candidates for further evaluation for the treatment of trichurosis of humans and livestock animals in single dose regimens. Treatment options against whipworm infections of humans and livestock are very limited and even anthelmintics recently introduced into the market do not significantly improve the situation. Here, we evaluated members of two relatively new drug classes, the aminophenylamidines (amidantel, deacylated amidantel, tribendimidine) and the cyclooctadepsipeptides (PF1022A, emodepside) in a murine trichurosis model. While tribendimidine is licensed for the treatment of human helminthosis caused by hookworms, pinworms and roundworms in China, emodepside is the nematocidal component of dewormers for cats and dogs. With the exception of amidantel, all drugs showed good efficacies against adult whipworms using three consecutive doses. Due to considerations regarding drug safety and price, PF1022A was further evaluated against histotropic first and second stage larvae, further developed larvae, immature and mature adults using a single or three consecutive doses. Three doses eliminated all stages while a single dose was inefficient against histotropic first stage larvae. In general, higher doses were required for early stages in comparison to stages protruding into the gut lumen. Since only a very basic formulation of drugs was tested, further improvement can be expected from optimized formulations. Cyclooctadepsipeptides should therefore be considered as candidates for evaluation to treat Trichuris spp. infections in livestock and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kulke
- Institute of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Global Drug Discovery – Animal Health – Parasiticides, Bayer HealthCare, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Krücken
- Institute of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Achim Harder
- WE Biology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Abstract
Ramoplanin, a novel antibiotic with activity against aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive bacteria, acts to prevent cell wall peptidoglycan formation by binding to a key intermediate moiety, lipid II. It has been fast-tracked by the US FDA for the prevention of enterococcal infections and the treatment of Clostridium difficile. The minimum inhibitory concentration(90s) have been < or = 1.0 microg/ml against gram-positive organisms examined. In carriers of vancomycin-resistant enterococci, a double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II trial of two doses of ramoplanin versus placebo showed proof of concept. A second Phase II trial also demonstrated the equivalence of ramoplanin compared with vancomycin for the treatment of C. difficile colitis. The clinical value and place in therapy of ramoplanin is dependent upon the results of Phase III trials addressing its utility in suppressing carriage of target organisms in the gastrointestinal tract or in the nares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Fulco
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Xu DB, Wang YL, Yue Y, Wu SC, Ding H. [Inhibitory effect of a novel histone deacetylases inhibitor FK228 on human colon cancer HCT-116 cells in vitro and in vivo]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2013; 35:814-818. [PMID: 24447477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effects of a novel histone deacetylases inhibitor FK228 on human colon cancer HCT-116 cells in vitro and in vivo, and evaluate its toxicity and side effects. METHODS The in vitro growth inhibitions of HCT-116 cells by different concentrations of FK228 and 5-Fu for 24, 48 and 72 h were assessed by CCK-8 assay. BALB/c nude mouse models of tumor xenografts were prepared by subcutaneous implantation of tumor tissue, and 4 mg/kg FK228 and 50 mg/kg 5-Fu were i.p. injected, respectively. The inhibitory effects on tumor growth, hematology, and liver and kidney function were evaluated. RESULTS CCK-8 assay indicated that FK228 had an obvious growth inhibitory effect on HCT-116 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The IC50 of FK228 in HCT-116 cells was 12.05 ng/ml for 48 h, while the IC50 of 5-Fu was 18.92 µg/ml. At 20 days after FK228 and 5-Fu treatment, the tumor volume of the FK228 group was (139.71 ± 44.54)mm(3), significantly lower than that of the 5-Fu group [(282.28 ± 58.81)mm(3)] and that of the model group [(520.65 ± 39.73)mm(3), P < 0.01 for both]. The average tumor weight was (0.07 ± 0.02)g in the FK228 group, significantly lower than that of the 5-Fu group [(0.20 ± 0.08)g, P < 0.01]. The tumor growth inhibition rate of the FK228 group was 73.2%, significantly higher than that of the 5-Fu group (45.8%, P < 0.01). The ALT levels of the FK228 and 5-Fu groups were significantly higher than that of the model group (P < 0.01). The BUN of 5-Fu group was significantly higher than that of the model group (P < 0.01), but the BUN of FK228 group was not significantly different from that of the blank and control groups (P > 0.05 for both). Routine blood test showed that WBC, RBC, Hb and PLT of the 5-Fu group were significantly lower than those of the model group (P < 0.05 for all), but only WBC of the FK228 group was significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05). The pathological examination using HE staining revealed that in the FK228 group, there were fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver tissue, and mild edema of the renal tubules in the kidney. However, in the 5-Fu group there were extensive hepatocyte edema and necrosis in the liver, and evident deformation and necrosis of glomeruli and tubules, and tubular wall thinning in the kidney. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that FK228 can more effectively than 5-Fu inhibit the growth of HCT-116 cells in vitro and vivo, and without obvious toxic effect on the kidney and hematology. Its clinical value in colon cancer treatment deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-bo Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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Tan LT, Okino T, Gerwick WH. Bouillonamide: a mixed polyketide-peptide cytotoxin from the marine cyanobacterium Moorea bouillonii. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:3015-24. [PMID: 23966034 PMCID: PMC3766879 DOI: 10.3390/md11083015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tropical marine cyanobacterium, Moorea bouillonii, has gained recent attention as a rich source of bioactive natural products. Continued chemical investigation of this cyanobacterium, collected from New Britain, Papua New Guinea, yielded a novel cytotoxic cyclic depsipeptide, bouillonamide (1), along with previously reported molecules, ulongamide A and apratoxin A. Planar structure of bouillonamide was established by extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments, including multi-edited HSQC, TOCSY, HBMC, and ROESY experiments. In addition to the presence of α-amino acid residues, compound 1 contained two unique polyketide-derived moieties, namely a 2-methyl-6-methylamino-hex-5-enoic acid (Mmaha) residue and a unit of 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-heptanoic acid (Mhha). Absolute stereochemistry of the α-amino acid units in bouillonamide was determined mainly by Marfey’s analysis. Compound 1 exhibited mild toxicity with IC50’s of 6.0 µM against the neuron 2a mouse neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lik Tong Tan
- Natural Sciences and Science Education, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, 637616, Singapore
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (L.T.T.); (W.H.G.); Tel.: +65-679-038-42 (L.T.T.); +1-858-534-0578 (W.H.G.); Fax: +65-689-694-14 (L.T.T.); +1-858-534-0529 (W.H.G.)
| | - Tatsufumi Okino
- Division of Environmental Materials Science, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan; E-Mail:
| | - William H. Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography and Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (L.T.T.); (W.H.G.); Tel.: +65-679-038-42 (L.T.T.); +1-858-534-0578 (W.H.G.); Fax: +65-689-694-14 (L.T.T.); +1-858-534-0529 (W.H.G.)
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Serova M, de Gramont A, Bieche I, Riveiro ME, Galmarini CM, Aracil M, Jimeno J, Faivre S, Raymond E. Predictive factors of sensitivity to elisidepsin, a novel Kahalalide F-derived marine compound. Mar Drugs 2013; 11:944-59. [PMID: 23519149 PMCID: PMC3705381 DOI: 10.3390/md11030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Elisidepsin (PM02734, Irvalec®) is a synthetic marine-derived cyclic peptide of the Kahalalide F family currently in phase II clinical development. Elisidepsin was shown to induce rapid oncosis in ErbB3-expressing cells. Other predictive factors of elisidepsin sensitivity remained unknown. A panel of 23 cancer cell lines of different origin was assessed for elisidepsin cytotoxicity and correlated with mutational state, mRNA and protein expression of selected genes. Elisidepsin showed potent and broad cytotoxic effects in our cancer cell line panel, being active at concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 2 μM that may be relevant for clinical settings. We have shown that elisidepsin is more active in cells harboring epithelial phenotype with high E-cadherin and low vimentin expression. In addition, high ErbB3 and Muc1 expression was correlated with sensitivity to elisidepsin, whereas the presence of KRAS activating mutations was associated with resistance. In DU-PM cells with acquired resistance to elisidepsin, ErbB3 expression was decreased, while Bcl2 was increased. DU-PM cells displayed higher sensitivity to ErbB1-inhibitors suggesting possible cross-talk of ErbB1 and ErbB3 signaling pathways. Combinations of elisidepsin with lapatinib and several chemotherapies including 5-FU and oxaliplatin resulted in synergistic effects that offer the potential of clinical use of elisidepsin in combination settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Serova
- AAREC Filia Research, 1, Paul Verlaine, Boulogne Billancourt 92100, France; E-Mails: (M.S.); (A.G.)
- INSERM U728 and Departments of Medical Oncology, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP-Paris 7 Diderot), 100, bd General Leclerc, Clichy 92110, France; E-Mails: (M.E.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Armand de Gramont
- AAREC Filia Research, 1, Paul Verlaine, Boulogne Billancourt 92100, France; E-Mails: (M.S.); (A.G.)
- INSERM U728 and Departments of Medical Oncology, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP-Paris 7 Diderot), 100, bd General Leclerc, Clichy 92110, France; E-Mails: (M.E.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Beaujon University Hospital, Paris 7 Diderot, 100, bd General Leclerc, Clichy 92110, France; E-Mail:
| | - Maria Eugenia Riveiro
- INSERM U728 and Departments of Medical Oncology, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP-Paris 7 Diderot), 100, bd General Leclerc, Clichy 92110, France; E-Mails: (M.E.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Carlos Maria Galmarini
- Cell Biology Department, PharmaMar, Avda de los Reyes 1, Pol. Ind. La Mina, Colmenar Viejo (Madrid) 28770, Spain; E-Mails: (C.M.G.); (M.A.); (J.J.)
| | - Miguel Aracil
- Cell Biology Department, PharmaMar, Avda de los Reyes 1, Pol. Ind. La Mina, Colmenar Viejo (Madrid) 28770, Spain; E-Mails: (C.M.G.); (M.A.); (J.J.)
| | - José Jimeno
- Cell Biology Department, PharmaMar, Avda de los Reyes 1, Pol. Ind. La Mina, Colmenar Viejo (Madrid) 28770, Spain; E-Mails: (C.M.G.); (M.A.); (J.J.)
| | - Sandrine Faivre
- INSERM U728 and Departments of Medical Oncology, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP-Paris 7 Diderot), 100, bd General Leclerc, Clichy 92110, France; E-Mails: (M.E.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Eric Raymond
- INSERM U728 and Departments of Medical Oncology, Beaujon University Hospital (AP-HP-Paris 7 Diderot), 100, bd General Leclerc, Clichy 92110, France; E-Mails: (M.E.R.); (S.F.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +33-1-4087-5614; Fax: +33-1-4087-5487
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Robertson FM, Chu K, Boley KM, Ye Z, Liu H, Wright MC, Moraes R, Zhang X, Green TL, Barsky SH, Heise C, Cristofanilli M. The class I HDAC inhibitor Romidepsin targets inflammatory breast cancer tumor emboli and synergizes with paclitaxel to inhibit metastasis. J Exp Ther Oncol 2013; 10:219-233. [PMID: 24416998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most metastatic variant of locally advanced breast cancer. IBC has distinctive characteristics including invasion of tumor emboli into the skin and rapid disease progression. Given our previous studies suggesting that HDAC inhibitors have promise in targeting IBC, the present study revealed that the class I HDAC inhibitor Romidepsin (FK-288, Istodax; Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ) potently induced destruction of IBC tumor emboli and lymphatic vascular architecture. associated with inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha, (HIF1alpha) proteins in the Mary-X pre-clinical model of IBC. Romidepsin treatment induced clinically relevant biomarkers in including induction of acetylated Histone 3 (Ac-H3) proteins, apoptosis, and increased p21WAF1/CIP1. Romidepsin, alone and synergistically when combined with Paclitaxel, effectively eliminated both primary tumors and metastatic lesions at multiple sites formed by the SUM149 IBC cell line. This is the first report of the ability of an HDAC inhibitor to eradicate IBC tumor emboli, to destroy the integrity of lymphatic vessel architecture and to target metastasis. Furthermore, Romidepsin, in combination with a taxane, warrants evaluation as a therapeutic strategy that may effectively target the skin involvement and rapid metastasis that are hallmarks of IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredika M Robertson
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Khoi Chu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kimberly M Boley
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zaiming Ye
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Moishia C Wright
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ricardo Moraes
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tessa L Green
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sanford H Barsky
- The Department of Pathology, The University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno NV, USA
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Gianolio DA, Rouleau C, Bauta WE, Lovett D, Cantrell WR, Recio A, Wolstenholme-Hogg P, Busch M, Pan P, Stefano JE, Kramer HM, Goebel J, Krumbholz RD, Roth S, Schmid SM, Teicher BA. Targeting HER2-positive cancer with dolastatin 15 derivatives conjugated to trastuzumab, novel antibody-drug conjugates. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2012; 70:439-49. [PMID: 22821053 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-1925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeting tubulin binders to cancer cells using antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) has great potential to become an effective cancer treatment with low normal tissue toxicity. The nature of the linker used to tether the tubulin binder to the antibody and the conjugation sites on the antibody and the small molecule are important factors in the ADC stability and effectiveness. METHODS We explored the use of tubulin-targeting dolastatin 15 derivatives (Dol15) tethered covalently to a representative antibody, trastuzumab, via cleavable and non-cleavable linkers at varying antibody reactive sites (i.e., lysine residues, partially reduced hinge region disulfide bonds) and drug coupling sites (i.e., C-terminus, N-terminus), to investigate which constructs were more effective in killing HER2-positive cells in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that Dol15 conjugated to trastuzumab via lysine residues at the drug C-terminus using a non-cleavable linker (trastuzumab-amide-C-term-Dol15) produced target-dependent growth inhibition of cells endogenously expressing high HER2 levels (i.e., SK-BR-3, SK-OV-3) in vitro. This ADC was effective at varying doses (i.e., 10 and 20 mg/kg) in the SK-OV-3 human ovarian cancer xenograft. CONCLUSIONS Tethering Dol15 via partially reduced disulfide bonds at the drug C-terminus via a non-cleavable linker (trastuzumab-MC-C-term-Dol15) resulted in an equally effective ADC in vitro, showing that site of antibody conjugation did not influence ADC activity. However, tethering Dol15 at the drug N-terminus using non-cleavable and cleavable linkers (trastuzumab-MC-N-term-Dol15 and trastuzumab-MC-VC-PABC-N-term-Dol15, respectively) resulted in ineffective ADCs. Thus, Dol15 tethered at the C-terminus may be a useful tubulin-targeting agent for conjugation at various antibody reactive sites.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Depsipeptides/administration & dosage
- Depsipeptides/chemistry
- Depsipeptides/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Female
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, SCID
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Trastuzumab
- Tubulin/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Gianolio
- Drugs and Biomaterials R&D, Genzyme a Sanofi Company, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Maki K, Mitani K. [Epigenetic therapy in myelodysplastic syndromes]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2011; 52:438-446. [PMID: 21821974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
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28
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Wang Y, Yan Y, Cui J, Hosta-Rigau L, Heath JK, Nice EC, Caruso F. Encapsulation of water-insoluble drugs in polymer capsules prepared using mesoporous silica templates for intracellular drug delivery. Adv Mater 2010; 22:4293-7. [PMID: 20564713 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201001497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wang
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Altreuther G, Schimmel A, Schroeder I, Bach T, Charles S, Kok DJ, Kraemer F, Wolken S, Young D, Krieger KJ. Efficacy of emodepside plus praziquantel tablets (Profender tablets for dogs) against mature and immature infections with Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina in dogs. Parasitol Res 2009; 105 Suppl 1:S1-8. [PMID: 19575219 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of emodepside plus praziquantel tablets (Profender tablets for dogs) against mature adult, immature adult and larval stages of Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina was evaluated in ten randomised, blinded and placebo-controlled dose confirmation studies in naturally or experimentally infected dogs. The tablets were used at the proposed minimum dose of 1 mg emodepside and 5 mg praziquantel per kg body weight. Efficacy was calculated based on worm counts after necropsy. Five studies demonstrated >99% efficacy against mature adult, >92% efficacy against immature adult, >98% efficacy against L4 and >94% efficacy against L3 larval stages of T. canis. Another five studies demonstrated >99% efficacy against mature and immature adult and >95% efficacy against L4 larval stages of T. leonina. No side effects of the treatment were observed. Emodepside plus praziquantel tablets thus provide a comprehensive new treatment option for ascarid infections in the dog.
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Reinemeyer CR, Charles SD, Buch J, Settje T, Altreuther G, Cruthers L, McCall JW, Young DR, Epe C. Evaluation of the efficacy of emodepside plus praziquantel topical solution against ascarid infections (Toxocara cati or Toxascaris leonina) in cats. Parasitol Res 2009; 97 Suppl 1:S41-S50. [PMID: 16228274 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-1443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Eleven controlled studies were conducted in the United States and Europe to evaluate the efficacy of a topical solution of emodepside (3 mg/kg)+praziquantel (12 mg/kg) (Profender, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany) against infection with various stages of the ascarid nematodes Toxocara cati and Toxascaris leonina. Infections were induced by administration of larvated ascarid eggs, and stage-specific efficacy was evaluated by treating cats at scheduled intervals post-inoculation. All studies featured random allocation to treatment groups, placebo-treated control animals and assessment of outcome measures by masked personnel. The product (emodepside+praziquantel topical solution) was 100% effective against mature adults and immature adult T. cati. In addition, it was 96.8% effective against third stage larvae and at least 99.4% effective against fourth stage larvae of T. cati, respectively. Efficacy against mature, immature adult and L4 stages of T. leonina exceeded 93.4%, but regulatory "adequacy of infection" criteria were not met in some studies. No adverse reactions to treatment were noted in cats treated with the emodepside+praziquantel topical solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Reinemeyer
- East Tennessee Clinical Research, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
| | - S D Charles
- Bayer HealthCare LLC, Animal Health Division, Kansas, USA
| | - J Buch
- Bayer HealthCare LLC, Animal Health Division, Kansas, USA
| | - T Settje
- Bayer HealthCare LLC, Animal Health Division, Kansas, USA
| | - G Altreuther
- Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health Division, R&D Parasiticides, 51368, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - L Cruthers
- Professional Laboratory Research Services, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - D R Young
- Young Veterinary Research Services, Turlock, Callfornia, USA
| | - C Epe
- Institute of Parasitology, Hannover School of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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Mehlhorn H, Schmahl G, Frese M, Mevissen I, Harder A, Krieger K. Effects of a combinations of emodepside and praziquantel on parasites of reptiles and rodents. Parasitol Res 2009; 97 Suppl 1:S65-S69. [PMID: 16228277 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-1446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new combination of two anthelmintic compounds containing emodepside and praziquantel (Profender, Bayer AG, Levekusen, Germany) was tested in pet rodents and reptiles. Topical application of the two compounds led to the quick disappearance of nematodes and cestodes from a broad spectrum of hosts including mice, jirds, snakes, anole lizards, turtles, monitor lizards, etc. In reptiles the dosage had to be increased, since the thick outer layer of the epidermis hinders the penetration of the compounds. In animals with an extremely thick epidermis (e.g. monitor lizards, leguans) the new product was applied under the armpits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mehlhorn
- Department of Zoomorphology, Cytology and Parasitology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - G Schmahl
- Department of Zoomorphology, Cytology and Parasitology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Frese
- Department of Zoomorphology, Cytology and Parasitology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - I Mevissen
- Department of Zoomorphology, Cytology and Parasitology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Harder
- Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health Division, R&D Parasiticides, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - K Krieger
- Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health Division, R&D Parasiticides, Leverkusen, Germany
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Altreuther G, Borgsteede FHM, Buch J, Charles SD, Cruthers L, Epe C, Young DR, Krieger KJ. Efficacy of a topically administered combination of emodepside and praziquantel against mature and immature Ancylostoma tubaeforme in domestic cats. Parasitol Res 2009; 97 Suppl 1:S51-S57. [PMID: 16228275 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-005-1444-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the efficacy of emodepside/praziquantel spot-on (Profender), Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany), a novel broad-spectrum anthelmintic for dermal application, against L4 larvae and immature adult and adult stages of Ancylostoma tubaeforme in cats. The formulation contains 2.14% (w/w) emodepside and 8.58% (w/v) praziquantel, with emodepside being active against gastrointestinal nematodes and praziquantel against cestodes. Five randomized, blinded and controlled laboratory studies demonstrated 100% efficacy of emodepside/praziquantel spot-on against mature A. tubaeforme and an efficacy of >95% and >97%, respectively, against L4 larvae and immature adults (based on worm counts after necropsy) at approximately the minimum proposed dose rate in cats of 3.0 mg emodepside and 12.0 mg praziquantel/kg body weight. No adverse reactions to the treatment were observed. It is concluded that emodepside/praziquantel spot-on is an effective and safe treatment against infections with mature and immature A. tubaeforme. Emodepside/praziquantel spot-on will considerably facilitate the treatment of cats against nematodes and cestodes compared with orally administered preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Altreuther
- Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health Division, R&D Parasiticides, 51368, Leverkusen, Germany.
| | - F H M Borgsteede
- Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Division of Infectious Diseases, 8200, AB Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - J Buch
- Bayer HealthCare LCC, Animal Health Division, Kansas, USA
| | - S D Charles
- Bayer HealthCare LCC, Animal Health Division, Kansas, USA
| | - L Cruthers
- Professional Laboratory and Research Services, Corapeake, NC 27926, USA
| | - C Epe
- Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - D R Young
- Young Veterinary Research Services, Turlock, CA 95380, USA
| | - K J Krieger
- Bayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health Division, R&D Parasiticides, 51368, Leverkusen, Germany
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Horwitz SM. T-cell lymphomas. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol 2009; 7:380-382. [PMID: 19606072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Nalda-Molina R, Valenzuela B, Ramon-Lopez A, Miguel-Lillo B, Soto-Matos A, Perez-Ruixo JJ. Population pharmacokinetics meta-analysis of plitidepsin (Aplidin) in cancer subjects. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2008; 64:97-108. [PMID: 18941750 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-008-0841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the population pharmacokinetics of plitidepsin (Aplidin) in cancer patients. METHODS A total of 283 patients (552 cycles) receiving intravenous plitidepsin as monotherapy at doses ranging from 0.13 to 8.0 mg/m(2) and given as 1- or 24-h infusions every week; 3- or 24-h infusion biweekly; or 1-h infusion daily for 5 consecutive days every 21 days were included in the analysis. An open three-compartment pharmacokinetic model and a nonlinear binding to red blood cells model were used to describe the plitidepsin pharmacokinetics in plasma and blood, respectively, using NONMEM V software. The effect of selected covariates on plitidepsin pharmacokinetics was investigated. Model evaluation was performed using goodness-of-fit plots, posterior predictive check and bootstrap. RESULTS Plasma clearance and its between subject variability (%) was 13.6 l/h (71). Volume of distribution at steady-state was calculated to be 4791 l (59). The parameters B (max) and C (50) of the non-linear blood distribution were 471 microg/l (56) and 41.6 microg/l, respectively. Within the range of covariates studied, age, sex, body size variables, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, creatinine clearance, albumin, total protein, performance status, co-administration of inhibitors or inducers of CYP3A4 and presence of liver metastases were not statistically related to plitidepsin pharmacokinetic parameters. Bootstrap and posterior predictive check evidenced the model was deemed appropriate to describe the time course of plitidepsin blood and plasma concentrations in cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS The integration of phase I/II pharmacokinetic data demonstrated plitidepsin linear elimination from plasma, dose-proportionality up to 8.0 mg/m(2), and time-independent pharmacokinetics. The distribution to red blood cells can be considered linear at doses lower than 5 mg/m(2) administered as 3-h or longer infusion. No clinically relevant covariates were identified as predictors of plitidepsin pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Nalda-Molina
- Department of Engineering, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Miguel Hernández University, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
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Mitsiades CS, Ocio EM, Pandiella A, Maiso P, Gajate C, Garayoa M, Vilanova D, Montero JC, Mitsiades N, McMullan CJ, Munshi NC, Hideshima T, Chauhan D, Aviles P, Otero G, Faircloth G, Mateos MV, Richardson PG, Mollinedo F, San-Miguel JF, Anderson KC. Aplidin, a marine organism-derived compound with potent antimyeloma activity in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2008; 68:5216-25. [PMID: 18593922 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent progress in its treatment, multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable, thus necessitating identification of novel anti-MM agents. We report that the marine-derived cyclodepsipeptide Aplidin exhibits, at clinically achievable concentrations, potent in vitro activity against primary MM tumor cells and a broad spectrum of human MM cell lines, including cells resistant to conventional (e.g., dexamethasone, alkylating agents, and anthracyclines) or novel (e.g., thalidomide and bortezomib) anti-MM agents. Aplidin is active against MM cells in the presence of proliferative/antiapoptotic cytokines or bone marrow stromal cells and has additive or synergistic effects with some of the established anti-MM agents. Mechanistically, a short in vitro exposure to Aplidin induces MM cell death, which involves activation of p38 and c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase signaling, Fas/CD95 translocation to lipid rafts, and caspase activation. The anti-MM effect of Aplidin is associated with suppression of a constellation of proliferative/antiapoptotic genes (e.g., MYC, MYBL2, BUB1, MCM2, MCM4, MCM5, and survivin) and up-regulation of several potential regulators of apoptosis (including c-JUN, TRAIL, CASP9, and Smac). Aplidin exhibited in vivo anti-MM activity in a mouse xenograft model. The profile of the anti-MM activity of Aplidin in our preclinical models provided the framework for its clinical testing in MM, which has already provided favorable preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantine S Mitsiades
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Shah MH, Binkley P, Chan K, Xiao J, Arbogast D, Collamore M, Farra Y, Young D, Grever M. Cardiotoxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 12:3997-4003. [PMID: 16818698 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-2689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This phase II study was undertaken to assess objective response and toxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A total of 15 patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors received a 4-hour i.v. infusion of depsipeptide at 14 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 every 28 days. Tumor response was assessed at 8-week intervals using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Most patients were chemo-naïve (n = 12) but receiving long-acting octreotide for carcinoid syndrome (n = 11). All patients had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. RESULTS The study was terminated prematurely due to an unexpected high number of serious cardiac adverse events so the objective response rate could not be determined. A total of 77 doses of depsipeptide with a median of four doses (range, 2-13) per patient were administered. The most common adverse events included nausea (86%), anorexia (73%), vomiting (66%), and fatigue (73%). A sudden death attributed to possible fatal ventricular arrhythmia occurred within 24 hours after the fifth dose of depsipeptide. Furthermore, asymptomatic grade 2 ventricular tachycardia (n = 2) and prolonged QTc (n = 3) probably related to depsipeptide were observed. Plasma depsipeptide levels measured in a subset of patients failed to reveal differences among patients with or without cardiac adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Depsipeptide was associated with a high number of potentially serious cardiac adverse events in patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor. As sudden death possibly associated with depsipeptide was observed in this trial, the risks for potentially life-threatening arrhythmia associated with this agent need to be comprehensively evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha H Shah
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
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Jiang C, Zhou B, Fan K, Heung E, Xue L, Liu X, Kirschbaum M, Yen Y. A sequential treatment of depsipeptide followed by 5-azacytidine enhances Gadd45beta expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Anticancer Res 2007; 27:3783-3789. [PMID: 18225533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation can influence histone modification and gene expression. The growth-arrest DNA damage inducible gene 45beta (Gadd45beta) has been reported as a potential diagnostic marker for aggressive hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, the synergistic effect of the histone deacetylase inhibitor depsipeptide and the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-azacytidine on the Gadd45beta gene expression in human liver cells was examined. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of depsipeptide and 5-azacytidine in CL-48, HepG2 and Hep3B cells were examined by PCR, cell viability test, Western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS Two microM depsipeptide reactivated Gadd45beta gene expression considerably within 4 h in HepG2 cells, but not in CL-48 or Hep3B cells. Up to 10 microM 5-azacytidine had no reactivation effect on Gadd45beta. A sequential treatment of depsipeptide+5-azacytidine (but not 5-azacytidine+depsipeptide) exhibited a synergistic effect on Gadd45beta gene reactivation in the HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION The results show for the first time that histone acetylation in sequence with hypermethylation can override transcriptional repression. Our results provide a novel insight into the epigenetics-based strategy for treating human liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Jiang
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California 91010, USA
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Zhang Z, Stanfield J, Frenkel E, Kabbani W, Hsieh JT. Enhanced therapeutic effect on androgen-independent prostate cancer by depsipeptide (FK228), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel. Urology 2007; 70:396-401. [PMID: 17826527 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2006] [Revised: 02/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study whether a histone deacetylase inhibitor, FK228, can enhance therapeutic efficacies of other chemotherapeutic agents against androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPCa) and to explore any possible early biomarker for predicting drug response. METHODS The therapeutic effects of FK228-based combinations on three AIPCa cell lines (PC-3, DU145, and C4-2) were evaluated by synergisms of cytotoxicity. Cell cycle analysis and Western blot assay were used to study the underlying mechanisms of drug action and search for any potential surrogate biomarker. In addition, we investigated the in vivo antitumor effects of the FK228/docetaxel combination using the PC-3 xenograft model. RESULTS FK228/docetaxel surpassed other FK228-based combinations by achieving more synergism of cytotoxicity. FK228 enhanced the therapeutic effect of docetaxel against AIPCa by exhibiting markedly enhanced and prolonged inhibitory effects in vitro and better tumor regression in vivo by inducing apoptosis. It appears that p21(WAF1) induction consistently correlates with single or combination treatment. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study have shown that FK228 is able to enhance the therapeutic effect of docetaxel against AIPCa. FK228 appears to be a promising second-line option in combination with docetaxel. The p21(WAF1) protein level can be used as a surrogate biomarker to predict and monitor the therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwang Zhang
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9110, USA
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Humeniuk R, Menon LG, Mishra PJ, Saydam G, Longo-Sorbello GSA, Elisseyeff Y, Lewis LD, Aracil M, Jimeno J, Bertino JR, Banerjee D. Aplidin synergizes with cytosine arabinoside: functional relevance of mitochondria in Aplidin-induced cytotoxicity. Leukemia 2007; 21:2399-405. [PMID: 17713546 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Aplidin (plitidepsin) is a novel marine-derived antitumor agent presently undergoing phase II clinical trials in hematological malignancies and solid tumors. Lack of bone marrow toxicity has encouraged further development of this drug for treatment of leukemia and lymphoma. Multiple signaling pathways have been shown to be involved in Aplidin-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G1 and G2 phase. However, the exact mechanism(s) of Aplidin action remains to be elucidated. Here we demonstrate that mitochondria-associated or -localized processes are the potential cellular targets of Aplidin. Whole genome gene-expression profiling (GEP) revealed that fatty acid metabolism, sterol biosynthesis and energy metabolism, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle and ATP synthesis are affected by Aplidin treatment. Moreover, mutant MOLT-4, human leukemia cells lacking functional mitochondria, were found to be resistant to Aplidin. Cytosine arabinoside (araC), which also generates oxidative stress but does not affect the ATP pool, showed synergism with Aplidin in our leukemia and lymphoma models in vitro and in vivo. These studies provide new insights into the mechanism of action of Aplidin. The efficacy of the combination of Aplidin and araC is currently being evaluated in clinical phase I/II program for the treatment of patients with relapsed leukemia and high-grade lymphoma.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/biosynthesis
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor/transplantation
- Cytarabine/administration & dosage
- Cytarabine/pharmacology
- Depsipeptides/administration & dosage
- Depsipeptides/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Drug Synergism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/drug effects
- Humans
- K562 Cells/drug effects
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Methylprednisolone/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, SCID
- Mitochondria/drug effects
- Mitochondria/physiology
- Mitoxantrone/pharmacology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Peptides, Cyclic
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- R Humeniuk
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, The Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
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Vinodhkumar R, Song YS, Devaki T. Romidepsin (depsipeptide) induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and histone hyperacetylation in lung carcinoma cells (A549) are associated with increase in p21 and hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2007; 62:85-93. [PMID: 17644301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitor such as romidepsin (depsipeptide, FR901228, FK228) is a promising new class of antineoplastic agent with the capacity to induce growth arrest and/or apoptosis of cancer cells. However, their precise mechanism of action is uncertain. Histone acetylation and deacetylation are involved in transcriptional activation and transcriptional repression, respectively. Romidepsin induced histone hyperacetylation can be correlated with the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of romidepsin on cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and histone hyperacetylation. Expression of Cdc2/Cdk-1, cyclin B1, cyclin A, p21/Cip1, pRb, pRb2/p130, histone H4 and H3 acetylation status were studied with western blot analysis. The induction of apoptosis has been demonstrated by annexin V-FITC binding assay. Extent of apoptosis has been assessed measuring the activity of caspase-3. Romidepsin led to substantial decrease in the expression of Cdc2/Cdk-1, cyclin B1 and phosphorylated pRb and increase in p21. The pRb protein was found to be one of the targets for the romidepsin induced cell cycle arrest. Flow cytometric analysis showed that romidepsin induced cell cycle arrest at G2-M transition, with significant induction of apoptosis at 25 and 50 nM concentration of romidepsin, with an increase in the number of both early and late apoptotic cells. From this study it is concluded that romidepsin inhibit advanced human lung carcinoma (A549) cell proliferation by altering the expression of cell cycle regulators and apoptotic protein.
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Wang Y, Wang SY, Zhang XH, Zhao M, Hou CM, Xu YJ, Du ZY, Yu XD. FK228 inhibits Hsp90 chaperone function in K562 cells via hyperacetylation of Hsp70. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 356:998-1003. [PMID: 17397803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2007] [Accepted: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some pan-histone-deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have recently been reported to exert their anti-leukemia effect by inhibiting the activity of class IIB HDAC6, which is the deacetylase of Hsp90 and alpha-tubulin, thereby leading to hyperacetylation of Hsp90, disruption of its chaperone function and apoptosis. In this study, we compared the effect of a class I HDAC inhibitor FK228 with the pan-HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) on the Hsp90 chaperone function of K562 cells. We demonstrated that, although having a weaker inhibitory effect on HDAC6, FK228 mediated a similar disruption of Hsp90 chaperone function compared to SAHA. Unlike SAHA, FK228 did not mediate hyperacetylation of Hsp90, instead the acetylation of Hsp70 was increased and Bcr-Abl was increasingly associated with Hsp70 rather than Hsp90, forming an unstable complex that promotes Bcr-Abl degradation. These results indicated that FK228 may disrupt the function of Hsp90 indirectly through acetylation of Hsp70 and inhibition of its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
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42
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Na DH, Faraj J, Capan Y, Leung KP, DeLuca PP. Stability of Antimicrobial Decapeptide (KSL) and Its Analogues for Delivery in the Oral Cavity. Pharm Res 2007; 24:1544-50. [PMID: 17380259 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-007-9274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the stability of KSL, an antimicrobial decapeptide, and its analogues, in human saliva and simulated gastric fluid for delivery in the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The degradation products of KSL in human saliva and simulated gastric fluid were separated by reversed-phase HPLC and their structures were identified by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Analogues of KSL were synthesized by solid-phase synthesis procedure. Their enzymatic stabilities and antimicrobial activities were studied. RESULTS KSL was degraded by the peptide bond cleavages at Lys(6)-Val(7) in the human saliva and Phe(5)-Lys(6) in simulated gastric fluids. Three analogues of KSL were synthesized; the Lys(6) residue was either methylated (KSL-M), or replaced with Trp (KSL-W), or the d-form of Lys (KSL-D). The KSL analogues were much more stable than the native KSL, with the rank order of stability being KSL-D > KSL-W > KSL-M > KSL in human saliva. However, in simulated gastric fluid, while KSL-D was still stable, KSL-W was significantly degraded. In addition, KSL-D significantly lost the antimicrobial activity, whereas KSL-W completely preserved the activity against several oral bacteria. In a chewing gum formulation, KSL-W showed a more sustained release profile as compared with the native KSL. CONCLUSION This study suggests that KSL-W could be used as an antiplaque agent in a chewing gum formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hee Na
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University, Busan, 608-736, South Korea
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43
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Zhang L, Yan K, Zhang Y, Huang R, Bian J, Zheng C, Sun H, Chen Z, Sun N, An R, Min F, Zhao W, Zhuo Y, You J, Song Y, Yu Z, Liu Z, Yang K, Gao H, Dai H, Zhang X, Wang J, Fu C, Pei G, Liu J, Zhang S, Goodfellow M, Jiang Y, Kuai J, Zhou G, Chen X. High-throughput synergy screening identifies microbial metabolites as combination agents for the treatment of fungal infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:4606-11. [PMID: 17360571 PMCID: PMC1838648 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0609370104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate of immunocompromised patients with fungal infections and the limited availability of highly efficacious and safe agents demand the development of new antifungal therapeutics. To rapidly discover such agents, we developed a high-throughput synergy screening (HTSS) strategy for novel microbial natural products. Specifically, a microbial natural product library was screened for hits that synergize the effect of a low dosage of ketoconazole (KTC) that alone shows little detectable fungicidal activity. Through screening of approximately 20,000 microbial extracts, 12 hits were identified with broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Seven of them showed little cytotoxicity against human hepatoma cells. Fractionation of the active extracts revealed beauvericin (BEA) as the most potent component, because it dramatically synergized KTC activity against diverse fungal pathogens by a checkerboard assay. Significantly, in our immunocompromised mouse model, combinations of BEA (0.5 mg/kg) and KTC (0.5 mg/kg) prolonged survival of the host infected with Candida parapsilosis and reduced fungal colony counts in animal organs including kidneys, lungs, and brains. Such an effect was not achieved even with the high dose of 50 mg/kg KTC. These data support synergism between BEA and KTC and thereby a prospective strategy for antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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Klarić MS, Pepeljnjak S, Domijan AM, Petrik J. Lipid Peroxidation and Glutathione Levels in Porcine Kidney PK15 Cells after Individual and Combined Treatment with Fumonisin B1, Beauvericin and Ochratoxin A. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 100:157-64. [PMID: 17309518 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.00019.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Individual and combined effects of the mycotoxins fumonisin B(1), beauvericin and ochratoxin A on cell viability, lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and intracellular glutathione (GSH) were studied on porcine kidney epithelial cells (PK15). Cells were treated with 0.05, 0.5 and 5 microg/ml of each mycotoxin or the combinations of two or all three applied in equal concentrations for 24 and 48 hr. Changes in cell viability, GSH and TBARS levels showed that the cytotoxic effects of these mycotoxins were concentration- and time-dependent. After 24 hr, cell viability was significantly decreased by the exposure to 5 microg/ml of fumonisin B(1) (25%), beauvericin (30%) and ochratoxin A (35%), as compared to controls. Only ochratoxin A (5 microg/ml) increased TBARS (56%), with further significant increase (85%) after 48 hr exposure. Fumonisin B(1) and beauvericin significantly increased TBARS (57% and 80%, respectively) only when the highest dose was applied for 48 hr. After 24 hr, GSH was significantly decreased (18%) by ochratoxin A (0.05 microg/ml), whereas fumonisin B(1) and beauvericin significantly decreased GSH at the concentration of 0.5 microg/ml. Combined treatment with fumonisin B(1), beauvericin and ochratoxin A resulted mostly in additive effects especially after a 24-hr exposure, although synergistic as well as antagonistic interactions could not be excluded depending on toxin concentrations and time of exposure. This is the first report on beauvericin-induced effects on lipid peroxidation and GSH in animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Segvić Klarić
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Maroun JA, Belanger K, Seymour L, Matthews S, Roach J, Dionne J, Soulieres D, Stewart D, Goel R, Charpentier D, Goss G, Tomiak E, Yau J, Jimeno J, Chiritescu G. Phase I study of Aplidine in a dailyx5 one-hour infusion every 3 weeks in patients with solid tumors refractory to standard therapy. A National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group study: NCIC CTG IND 115. Ann Oncol 2007; 17:1371-8. [PMID: 16966366 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdl165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aplidine is a cyclic depsipeptide isolated from the marine tunicate Aplidium albicans. METHODS This phase I study of Aplidine given as a 1-hour i.v. infusion daily for 5 days every 3 weeks was conducted in patients with refractory solid tumors. Objectives were to define the dose limiting toxicities, the maximal tolerated dose, and the recommended phase II dose. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients were accrued on study. Doses ranged from 80 microg/m(2) to 1500 microg/m(2)/day. Eleven patients received more than three cycles of Aplidine. Dose-limiting toxicities occurred at 1500 microg/m(2) and 1350 microg/m(2)/day and consisted of nausea, vomiting, myalgia, fatigue, skin rash and diarrhea. Mild to moderate muscular pain and weakness was noted in patients treated with multiple cycles with no significant drug related neurotoxicity. Bone marrow toxicity was not observed. The recommended dose for phase II studies was 1200 microg/m(2) daily for 5 days, every 3 weeks. Pharmacokinetic studies performed during the first cycle demonstrated that therapeutic plasma levels of Aplidine are reachable well below the recommended dose. Nine patients with progressive disease at study entry had stable disease and two had minor responses, one in non-small cell lung cancer and one in colorectal cancer. CONCLUSIONS Aplidine given at a dose of 1200 microg/m(2) daily for 5 days, every 3 weeks is well tolerated with few severe adverse events. This schedule of Aplidine is under evaluation in phase II studies in hematological malignancies and solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Maroun
- The Ottawa Hospital Regional Cancer Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic options for renal cell cancer are inadequate. Depsipeptide is a histone deacetylase inhibitor with promising preclinical and early clinical activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with refractory renal cell cancer with normal organ function and no history of significant cardiovascular disease were enrolled on a multi-institutional, single-arm, phase II study. Patients received depsipeptide 13 mg/m2 intravenously over 4 hours on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle with disease reevaluation performed every 8 weeks. One response in the initial 16 enrolled patients was required for full accrual to 25 patients, from which 5 responses needed to be observed in order to consider the agent appropriate for further study. Toxicity was assessed using National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria, version 2.0. RESULTS The 29 evaluable patients, who were accrued so that 25 patients who received >or= 3 doses of depsipeptide could be observed, were heavily pretreated with a median of 2 previous systemic therapies and a 2-year median duration of metastatic disease. Twenty-four had clear-cell histology. The most common serious toxicities were fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and anemia. Two patients developed a prolonged QTc interval, one patient each developed grade 3 atrial fibrillation and tachycardia, and there was 1 sudden death. Two patients experienced an objective response (1 complete response) for an overall response rate of 7% (95% CI, 0.8%-23%). CONCLUSION Depsipeptide at this dose and schedule does not have sufficient activity for further investigation in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter M Stadler
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637-1470, USA.
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Lundqvist A, Abrams SI, Schrump DS, Alvarez G, Suffredini D, Berg M, Childs R. Bortezomib and depsipeptide sensitize tumors to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand: a novel method to potentiate natural killer cell tumor cytotoxicity. Cancer Res 2006; 66:7317-25. [PMID: 16849582 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-0680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The proteasome inhibitor, bortezomib, and the histone deacetylase inhibitor, depsipeptide (FK228), up-regulate tumor death receptors. Therefore, we investigated whether pretreatment of malignant cells with these agents would potentiate natural killer (NK)-mediated tumor killing. NK cells isolated from healthy donors and patients with cancer were expanded in vitro and then tested for cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines before and after exposure to bortezomib or depsipeptide. In 11 of 13 (85%) renal cell carcinoma cell lines and in 16 of 37 (43%) other cancer cell lines, exposure to these drugs significantly increased NK cell-mediated tumor lysis compared with untreated tumor controls (P < 0.001). Furthermore, NK cells expanded from patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma were significantly more cytotoxic against autologous tumor cells when pretreated with either bortezomib or depsipeptide compared with untreated tumors. Tumors sensitized to NK cell cytotoxicity showed a significant increase in surface expression of DR5 [tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-R2; P < 0.05]; in contrast, surface expression of MHC class I, MIC-A/B, DR4 (TRAIL-R1), and Fas (CD95) did not change. The enhanced susceptibility to NK cell killing was completely abolished by blocking TRAIL on NK cells, and partially abolished by blocking DR5 on tumor cells. These findings show that drug-induced sensitization to TRAIL could be used as a novel strategy to potentiate the anticancer effects of adoptively infused NK cells in patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lundqvist
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, and Thoracic Oncology Section, Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1202, USA
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Fouladi M, Furman WL, Chin T, Freeman BB, Dudkin L, Stewart CF, Krailo MD, Speights R, Ingle AM, Houghton PJ, Wright J, Adamson PC, Blaney SM. Phase I Study of Depsipeptide in Pediatric Patients With Refractory Solid Tumors: A Children's Oncology Group Report. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24:3678-85. [PMID: 16877737 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.06.4964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLT), pharmacokinetic profile, and pharmacodynamics of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, depsipeptide, in children with refractory or recurrent solid tumors. Patients and Methods Depsipeptide was administered as a 4-hour infusion weekly for 3 consecutive weeks every 28 days at dose levels of 10 mg/m2, 13 mg/m2, 17 mg/m2, and 22 mg/m2. Pharmacokinetics and histone acetylation studies were performed in the first course. The levels of H3 histone and acetyl-H3 histone were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using immunofluorescence techniques. Results There were 24 patients, and 18 who were assessable were enrolled. DLTs included reversible, asymptomatic T-wave inversions, without any associated changes in troponin levels or evidence of ventricular dysfunction, in the inferior leads in two patients at 22 mg/m2 and in the lateral leads in one patient at 13 mg/m2 (n = 1), and transient asymptomatic sick sinus syndrome and hypocalcemia in one patient at 17 mg/m2. At the MTD (17 mg/m2), the median depsipeptide clearance was 6.8 L/h/m2 with an area under the plasma depsipeptide concentration-time curve from 0 to infinity of 2,414 ng/mL/h, similar to adults. Accumulation of acetylated H3 histones was seen in all patients in a dose independent manner, with maximal accumulation at a median of 4 hours, (range, 0 hours to 20 hours) after the end of the infusion. No objective tumor responses were observed. Conclusion Depsipeptide is well tolerated in children with recurrent or refractory solid tumors when administered weekly for 3 consecutive weeks every 28 days and inhibits histone deacetylase activity in PBMC in a dose-independent manner. The recommended phase II dose in children with solid tumors is 17 mg/m2.
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Fujii N, Isaka Y, Takabatake Y, Mizui M, Suzuki C, Takahara S, Ito T, Imai E. Targeting of interstitial cells using a simple gene-transfer strategy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006; 21:2745-53. [PMID: 16822795 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfl327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial fibroblasts are central to the inflammatory response during the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. We examined the efficiency of a new gene transfer method that targets interstitial cells by using parenchymal injection of DNA followed by electroporation. METHODS Fluoresceinisothiocyanate-labelled oligodeoxynucleotides (FITC-ODNs) or expression vectors were directly injected into the cortex of the kidney, followed by electroporation. RESULTS Transfection with FITC-ODNs or the EGFP expression vector resulted in efficient transfection in interstitial fibroblasts, but not in tubular epithelial cells or glomerular cells. Transfection efficiency was optimal after using a total of 150 microg of DNA in 1000 microl of PBS, combined with clamping of the renal vessels prior to electroporation. Gene expression peaked at 4 days after transfection and decreased by two orders of magnitude at 6 weeks post-transfection; however, expression recovered to near peak levels after parenchymal or intraperitoneal injection of FR901228, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that direct parenchymal injection of DNA combined with electroporation enables gene transfer into interstitial fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiko Fujii
- Department of Advanced Technology for Transplantation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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