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Lei R, Qiu X, Han Y, Li F, Dong X, Pei S, Zeng T, Ge M, Hu Z, Tian Q, Peng L, Huang J. Identification and functional study of a novel variant of PAX9 causing tooth agenesis. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38515263 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To search for pathogenic gene of a family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, and explore the possible pathogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Chinese family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis was recruited and screened for the pathogenic variants by whole exome sequencing technology and co-segregation analysis. The subcellular localization of wild-type and mutant protein was detected by immunofluorescence assay. Cycloheximide chase assay was performed to examine the difference in degradation rate between mutant protein and wild-type one. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to explore the alterations of mutant protein in the regulation of downstream target genes. RESULTS A novel missense variant of PAX9 (c.296C>A:p.A99D) was found in this family. Bioinformatics software showed β-return and the random coil were shortened in the p.A99D. The variant did not affect the subcellular localization of PAX9, but the degradation rate of p.A99D was accelerated (p < 0.05). p.A99D inhibited the activation of downstream target gene BMP4 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This novel variant expands the pathogenic gene spectrum. The variant impaired the protein structure, accelerated the degradation of protein, and inhibited the activation of the downstream target gene BMP4, an upstream molecule in the TGF-β/BMP pathway, which may contribute to tooth agenesis in this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Xili Qiu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Han
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Saimin Pei
- The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Minmin Ge
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center for Medical Genetics &Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ling Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junhui Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care & Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Diseases and Oral Health & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yakoup D, Rodosthenous E, Giannakopoulos K. Taurodontism in simultaneous existence with multiple supernumerary teeth: A case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023; 11:2050313X231169854. [PMID: 37151740 PMCID: PMC10161329 DOI: 10.1177/2050313x231169854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Supernumerary teeth and taurodontism are both common dental anomalies when found as isolated entities. However, simultaneous presence in the same individual without a syndrome is rarely reported in the literature. This case report describes a 20-year-old non-syndromic male with multiple supernumerary teeth in association with multiple molar and premolar taurodonts and no family history of genetic predisposing factors. Taurodontism was measured and confirmed through cone-beam computed tomography for accuracy of the classification. Early diagnosis with the aid of radiographic imaging and persistent follow-up are crucial to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena Yakoup
- School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | - Kostis Giannakopoulos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Kostis Giannakopoulos, School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus, 6 Diogenous street, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
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Dusak A, Hafizoglu D, Kilic SS, Yazıcı Z. Central nervous system variations and abnormalities in anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED): neuroimaging findings. Acta Radiol 2020; 61:1377-1387. [PMID: 32000505 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120901510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) is a rare, mostly X-linked recessive genodermatosis, characterized by congenital defects of ectodermal derivative structures as the central nervous system (CNS) is primarily ectodermal in origin. PURPOSE To evaluate CNS variations and abnormalities in AED. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was made of the neurological and neuroimaging findings of 17 children (12 boys, 5 girls; median age = 8 years; age range = 2-14 years) diagnosed with AED in our pediatric clinics during 2008-2016. The pattern of CNS variation and abnormalities were evaluated by comparing of these findings with an age- and gender-matched healthy control group with no family history. RESULTS Of the 17 AED cases identified on the basis of neuroimaging findings, 6 (35.3%) were seen to be normal. Associated CNS variation and abnormalities including cavum septum pellucidum (35.3%), callosal dysgenesis (11.8%), prominent Virchow-Robin spaces (64.7%), cortical sulcal dilation (41.1%), mega cisterna magna (35.3%), focal cortical dysplasia (11.8%), and delayed myelination (58.8%) were observed in 11 (64.7%) children with AED. CONCLUSION AED suggests a spectrum of CNS variation and abnormalities, presenting with neurological and neuroimaging findings, demonstrated in the embryonic surface- and neuro-ectoderm derived structures. The results of this study suggest that CNS variation and abnormalities might be associated with AED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahim Dusak
- Department of Radiology, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Demet Hafizoglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Department of Pediatrics, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Yazıcı
- Department of Radiology, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
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Lin AE, Traum AZ, Sahai I, Keppler-Noreuil K, Kukolich MK, Adam MP, Westra SJ, Arts HH. Sensenbrenner syndrome (Cranioectodermal dysplasia): Clinical and molecular analyses of 39 patients including two new patients. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:2762-76. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angela E. Lin
- Medical Genetics; MassGeneral Hospital for Children; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Avram Z. Traum
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics; MassGeneral Hospital for Children; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Inderneel Sahai
- Medical Genetics; MassGeneral Hospital for Children; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Kim Keppler-Noreuil
- Genetics Disease Research Branch, Human Development Section; National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)/NIH; Bethesda Maryland
| | - Mary K. Kukolich
- Clinical Genetics Service; Cook Children's Hospital; Fort Worth Texas
| | - Margaret P. Adam
- Division of Genetic Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle Washington
| | - Sjirk J. Westra
- Department of Radiology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Heleen H. Arts
- Department of Human Genetics; Radboud University Medical Centre; Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Fry AE, Klingenberg C, Matthes J, Heimdal K, Hennekam RCM, Pilz DT. Connective tissue involvement in two patients with features of cranioectodermal dysplasia. Am J Med Genet A 2009; 149A:2212-5. [PMID: 19760620 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.33027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) is an infrequently described autosomal recessive disorder characterized by craniofacial, ectodermal and skeletal abnormalities, and associated with increased risk of chronic renal failure. A degree of joint laxity has been noted in some CED patients, but significant skin and soft-tissue laxity has not previously been highlighted as part of the syndrome. We report on two unrelated patients with CED and significant connective tissue involvement, including cutis laxa, hernias, and joint laxity. We conclude with a brief discussion of the differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Fry
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
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