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Handa A, Tsujioka Y, Nishimura G, Nozaki T, Kono T, Jinzaki M, Harms T, Connolly SA, Sato TS, Sato Y. RASopathies for Radiologists. Radiographics 2024; 44:e230153. [PMID: 38602868 DOI: 10.1148/rg.230153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
RASopathies are a heterogeneous group of genetic syndromes caused by germline mutations in a group of genes that encode components or regulators of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. RASopathies include neurofibromatosis type 1, Legius syndrome, Noonan syndrome, Costello syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, central conducting lymphatic anomaly, and capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome. These disorders are grouped together as RASopathies based on our current understanding of the Ras/MAPK pathway. Abnormal activation of the Ras/MAPK pathway plays a major role in development of RASopathies. The individual disorders of RASopathies are rare, but collectively they are the most common genetic condition (one in 1000 newborns). Activation or dysregulation of the common Ras/MAPK pathway gives rise to overlapping clinical features of RASopathies, involving the cardiovascular, lymphatic, musculoskeletal, cutaneous, and central nervous systems. At the same time, there is much phenotypic variability in this group of disorders. Benign and malignant tumors are associated with certain disorders. Recently, many institutions have established multidisciplinary RASopathy clinics to address unique therapeutic challenges for patients with RASopathies. Medications developed for Ras/MAPK pathway-related cancer treatment may also control the clinical symptoms due to an abnormal Ras/MAPK pathway in RASopathies. Therefore, radiologists need to be aware of the concept of RASopathies to participate in multidisciplinary care. As with the clinical manifestations, imaging features of RASopathies are overlapping and at the same time diverse. As an introduction to the concept of RASopathies, the authors present major representative RASopathies, with emphasis on their imaging similarities and differences. ©RSNA, 2024 Test Your Knowledge questions for this article are available in the supplemental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiko Handa
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Yuko Tsujioka
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Gen Nishimura
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Taiki Nozaki
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Tatsuo Kono
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Masahiro Jinzaki
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Taylor Harms
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Susan A Connolly
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Takashi Shawn Sato
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
| | - Yutaka Sato
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 (A.H., S.A.C.); Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.N., M.J.); Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T., T.K.); Department of Radiology, Musashino-Yowakai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (G.N.); and Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa (T.H., T.S.S., Y.S.)
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Akleyin E, Yavuz Y, Yardımeden A. Three-Dimensional Modeling and Quantitative Assessment of Mandibular Volume in Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Series. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:528. [PMID: 38674174 PMCID: PMC11051706 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Ectodermal dysplasia (ED)-a genetic disorder-is characterized by severe tooth deficiency. We compared the mandibular volume and the sagittal and horizontal mandibular widths between patients with ED (ED group) and individuals without tooth deficiency (control group) using three-dimensional modeling. We hypothesized that the mandibular volume differs in ED cases owing to congenital tooth deficiency. Materials and Methods: We used previously obtained cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 13 patients with ED. The control group data comprised retrospective CBCT images of patients of similar age and sex with a skeletal relationship of class 1. Further, using the three-dimensional image analysis software, the tooth crowns were separated from the mandible, the mandible was reconstructed and the gonion-to-gonion distance in the mandible was marked, the distance to the menton point was measured, and the distance between the two condyles was measured and compared with the control group. Results: Overall, 46.2% and 53.8% of the participants were men and women, respectively. In the ED group, the mean age of the participants was 15.46 (range, 6-24) years, and the mean number of mandibular teeth was 4.62. Notably, the edentulous mandible volume of the ED group (27.020 mm3) was statistically significantly smaller than that of the control group (49.213 mm3) (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of the marked points. For data analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test, independent samples t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used. Conclusions: It has been considered that mandible volume does not develop in ED cases because of missing teeth. Modern practices, such as the CBCT technique and three-dimensional software, may be effective in identifying the true morphologic features, especially in patients with genetic syndromes affecting the maxillofacial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Akleyin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır 21010, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Yavuz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Urfa 63000, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yardımeden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dicle University, Diyarbakır 21010, Turkey
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Errichetti E. Trichoscopy of aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp in skin of color. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:2137-2138. [PMID: 36994551 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Errichetti
- Institute of Dermatology, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" University Hospital, Udine, Italy
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Li TG, Ma B, Tie HX, Zhang QH, Hao SJ, Guan CL. Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: An unusual case. J Clin Ultrasound 2021; 49:838-840. [PMID: 33991347 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is a rare congenital genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ectodysplasin A gene, resulting in dysplasia or complete absence of teeth, hair, and sweat glands. XLHED is rarely diagnosed prenatally. We describe a case of XLHED diagnosed with prenatal sonography and umbilical cord blood gene testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Gang Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Hong-Xia Tie
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Sheng-Ju Hao
- Department of Medical Genetics Center, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Chong-Li Guan
- Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Dusak A, Hafizoglu D, Kilic SS, Yazıcı Z. Central nervous system variations and abnormalities in anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED): neuroimaging findings. Acta Radiol 2020; 61:1377-1387. [PMID: 32000505 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120901510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (AED) is a rare, mostly X-linked recessive genodermatosis, characterized by congenital defects of ectodermal derivative structures as the central nervous system (CNS) is primarily ectodermal in origin. PURPOSE To evaluate CNS variations and abnormalities in AED. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was made of the neurological and neuroimaging findings of 17 children (12 boys, 5 girls; median age = 8 years; age range = 2-14 years) diagnosed with AED in our pediatric clinics during 2008-2016. The pattern of CNS variation and abnormalities were evaluated by comparing of these findings with an age- and gender-matched healthy control group with no family history. RESULTS Of the 17 AED cases identified on the basis of neuroimaging findings, 6 (35.3%) were seen to be normal. Associated CNS variation and abnormalities including cavum septum pellucidum (35.3%), callosal dysgenesis (11.8%), prominent Virchow-Robin spaces (64.7%), cortical sulcal dilation (41.1%), mega cisterna magna (35.3%), focal cortical dysplasia (11.8%), and delayed myelination (58.8%) were observed in 11 (64.7%) children with AED. CONCLUSION AED suggests a spectrum of CNS variation and abnormalities, presenting with neurological and neuroimaging findings, demonstrated in the embryonic surface- and neuro-ectoderm derived structures. The results of this study suggest that CNS variation and abnormalities might be associated with AED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahim Dusak
- Department of Radiology, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Demet Hafizoglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Department of Pediatrics, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Yazıcı
- Department of Radiology, Uludag University, School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
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Richters RJH, Seyger MMB, Meeuwis KAP, Rinne T, Eijkelenboom A, Willemsen MA. Oculoectodermal Syndrome - Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis Associated with NRAS Mutation. Acta Derm Venereol 2020; 100:adv00103. [PMID: 31633190 PMCID: PMC9234940 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renée J H Richters
- Department of dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Biard JM, Steenhaut P, Bernard P, Race V, Sznajer Y. Antenatal diagnosis of cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome: Prenatal characteristics and contribution of fetal facial dysmorphic signs in utero. About a case and review of literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2019; 240:232-241. [PMID: 31336229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Antenatal diagnosis of cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome: prenatal characteristics and contribution of fetal facial dysmorphic signs in utero. This paper is a case study and review of literature. "RASopathies" is the term coined for a group of genetic diseases that share modulation inside the MAPKinase pathway. Mutations inside the coding sequence of any of these genes may be responsible for the upregulation of the RAS pathway, leading on the clinical level to Type 1 Neurofibromatosis (NF1), Noonan syndrome (NS), Costello syndrome (CS), Multiple Lentigines, Loose Anagen Hair syndrome, Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous syndrome (CFCS), and, more recently, Legius syndrome. While the postnatal presentation of this group is well-known, prenatal findings are less well recognized. The presence of a RASopathy during the prenatal period can be suspected on account of non-specific abnormalities: polyhydramnios, cystic hygroma or high nuchal translucency, macrosomia with proportionate short long bones, macrocephaly, renal, lymphatic, or cardiac defects. The current case report underlines the characteristic dysmorphic facial features on 3D-ultrasound (hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, a long and marked philtrum, and low-set posteriorly rotated ears) that allow for a "RASopathy" to be postulated. After detecting a copy number variation (CNV) absence on a CGH array, we performed a RASopathy gene panel analysis, which identified a so-far unreported heterozygous de novo mutation in the BRAF gene (namely NM_004333.4 : c.1396 G > C ; p.Gly466Arg). Genetic counseling has, therefore, focused on the diagnosis of a RASopathy and predictable phenotype of CFCS, a distinct entity characterized by an increased risk of intellectual disability and early-onset feeding problems. We suggest that a more detailed prenatal facial evaluation should be performed in fetuses presenting high nuchal thickness, heart defects, or unusual findings, along with the absence of a CNV on a CGH array. Due to the dysmorphic facial features, targeted RASopathy genes are presumed to likely to be responsible for NS, CFCS, and CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Biard
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Saint-Luc University Hospital, UCL, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Patricia Steenhaut
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Saint-Luc University Hospital, UCL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Bernard
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Saint-Luc University Hospital, UCL, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valérie Race
- Center for Human Genetics, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yves Sznajer
- Center for Human Genetics, Saint-Luc University Hospital, UCL, Brussels, Belgium
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Levy-Bercowski D, Abreu A, Parker C, Riggs B, Rockman R. Immediate Vacuum Formed Overdenture for a Pediatric Patient with Ectodermal Dysplasia. J Dent Child (Chic) 2018; 85:139-142. [PMID: 30869591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Restoring the dental and facial esthetics in a growing patient with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is fundamental to improve psychosocial issues, esthetics, and function. The purpose of this clinical report was to present a simple, fast, and cost-effective technique to re-establish a pleasant smile of an eight-year-old male patient with hypohydrotic ED. A vacuum-formed overdenture prosthesis is described, which is recommended as an immediate interim restorative treatment in the maxillary arch with excellent stability and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Levy-Bercowski
- Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, at The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, in the USA;,
| | - Amara Abreu
- Associate professor, Department of Restorative Sciences, at The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, in the USA
| | | | - Bruce Riggs
- Assistant professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, at The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, in the USA
| | - Roy Rockman
- Assistant professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, at The Dental College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, in the USA
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Sharma G, Nagpal A. Oral health considerations in a patient with oligosymptomatic ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft syndrome. Gen Dent 2017; 65:66-69. [PMID: 28253185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-cleft (EEC) syndrome-a complex, pleiotropic disorder resulting in multiple congenital anomalies-has an unpredictable clinical expression and is typically manifested as an autosomal-dominant trait. This article presents a rare case of oligosymptomatic EEC syndrome in a 19-year-old man who exhibited atypical dental findings but no cleft lip or palate. This article is intended to create awareness about this rare syndrome and highlight the role of oral healthcare specialists in improving the quality of life for patients with EEC.
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Hadipour Z, Shafeghati Y, Hadipour F. Yunis-Varón syndrome: the first report of two Iranian cases. Acta Med Iran 2014; 52:85-87. [PMID: 24658994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Yunis-Varón syndrome represents a rare autosomal recessive syndrome of easy recognition characterized by defective growth of the cranial bone along with complete or partial absence of the clavicles (cleidocranial dysplasia), absence of thumbs and halluces, distal aphalangia, ectodermal anomalies, growth retardation and poor outcome. The molecular genetic basis is unknown. Here, we report an 8 months old girl with Yunis-Varón syndrome, born to a consanguineously married, with normal parents. She had micrognathia, wide fontanels, prominent eyes, poor sucking, congenital heart diseases, asymmetric face, ambiguous genitalia, reduction anomaly in right hand including thumb, and hypoplastic distal phalanges of 3th fingers, and hypo plastic clavicles. She has glaucoma and lenses opacity. There is another similar case in her family. Karyotype is normal. She is the first Iranian known case of Yunis-Varón syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hadipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sarem Cell Research Center & Hospital, Tehran, Iran..
| | - Yousef Shafeghati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sarem Cell Research Center & Hospital, Tehran, Iran. & Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran..
| | - Fatemeh Hadipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sarem Cell Research Center & Hospital, Tehran, Iran..
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Elizondo-Dueñaz R, Rivera-Silva G, Marcos Abdala H, López-Altamirano M, Martínez-Menchaca HR. [Yunis-Varon syndrome: a case report]. GAC MED MEX 2012; 148:81-82. [PMID: 22367312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1980, Yunis-Varon described this disease. Yunis-Varon syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disease. This cleidocranial dysplasia is characterized by bone and tooth disorders, in addition tends to affect the cardiovascular system and tissues from ectoderm. This report describes the radiologic image of a patient with Yunis-Varon syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Elizondo-Dueñaz
- Departamento de Cirugía Maxilofacial Odontológica, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García
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12
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Manuja N, Passi S, Pandit IK, Singh N. Management of a case of ectodermal dysplasia: a multidisciplinary approach. J Dent Child (Chic) 2011; 78:107-110. [PMID: 22041116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare disorder involving 2 or more of the ectodermal structures, which include the skin, hair, nails, teeth, mucus glands, and sweat glands. Each person with ectodermal dysplasia may have a different combination of defects. The most common form of ED is linked to the X chromosome and usually affects men. Another form of the disease affects men and women equally. The patient's special needs are taken into consideration in a treatment plan. The purpose of this case report was to describe the dental management of a 9-year-old boy with ectodermal dysplasia whose maxilla showed the presence of mobile, conical teeth that were unrestorable and a solitary permanent left molar, while his mandible was completely edentulous. These mobile, conical teeth were extracted, and a complete denture was constructed to restore the patient's esthetics, form, and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Manuja
- Department of Pedodontics at Kothiwal Dental College and Research Center, Moradabad, India
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13
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Silthampitag P, Klineberg I, Jones AS, Austin B, Zee KY, Wallace C, Scholz S, Naim A, Zoud K. Ultramicroscopy of bone at oral implant sites: a comparison of ED and control patients. Part 1-defining the protocol. INT J PROSTHODONT 2011; 24:147-154. [PMID: 21479283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop a protocol to analyze the microstructure of mandibular and maxillary bone in association with implant placement in ectodermal dysplasia (ED) and anodontia conditions compared to patients not suffering from such conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was not additionally invasive, since the bone harvesting was completed at the time and site of implant placement. Bone samples were allocated into two groups (ED and control patients) and specified by the site of bone harvesting. Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) analysis at 5-Μm resolution was conducted on each bone sample. Computer analysis applying specialized CT analysis and software allowed evaluation of the three-dimensional microstructure of alveolar and basal bone samples for comparison of structural parameters. RESULTS Ten bone samples (five alveolar and five basal) were harvested. Preliminary data confirmed the structural features and significant differences between alveolar and basal bone. Basal bone had greater absolute and percent bone volume, greater bone surface, and a lower trabecular bone pattern factor than alveolar bone. CONCLUSION Preliminary data were derived from bone harvested from both the maxilla and mandible of control patients, while bone samples from ED patients were harvested from only the anterior mandible. Further bone samples will provide more data on whether broader areas of bone harvesting, age, or sex affect the quality and quantity of the bone and influence implant treatment outcomes.
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Zaki SA, Shenoy P, Shanbag P. Ectodermal dysplasia with hydrocephalus: a rare association. Singapore Med J 2010; 51:976-977. [PMID: 21221507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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15
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Frenkel B, Blinder D, Penn M. [Isolated oligodontia: a case presentation and review of the literature]. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim (1993) 2010; 27:6-59. [PMID: 21250401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Tooth agenesis is a common developmental anomaly that appears in 2.2-10% of the general population (excluding agenesis of third molars). Congenital tooth agenesis can be either Hypodontia (agenesis of fewer than six teeth excluding third molars) or Oligodontia (agenesis of more than six teeth excluding third molars). Oligodontia can occur either as an isolated condition (non-syndromic oligodontia) or be associated with cleft lip\palate and other genetic syndromes (syndromatic oligodontia). The purpose of this article is to present an unusual case of non-syndromic oligodontia and describe the dental treatment for this condition. The patient was a 25 years old healthy male with a chief complaint of multiple teeth agenesis and TMJ dysfunction. The family history revealed that the mother, grandmother and siblings have also multiple teeth agenesis. Clinical examination revealed missing of nine teeth in the maxilla (12,13, 15,15, 17, 23, 24, 25, 27) and 10 teeth in the mandible (32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47). The patient's dental treatment plan included preparing provisional over-dentures, orthodontic treatment and dental implants (after extractions of the deciduous teeth). In the discussion of the article the pathology and the genetics of oligodontia are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Frenkel
- Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
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16
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Jelin AC, Glenn OA, Strachowski L, Vargas JE. Membranous aplasia cutis congenita: a recognizable lesion on prenatal sonography. J Ultrasound Med 2009; 28:1393-1396. [PMID: 19778889 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2009.28.10.1393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Angie C Jelin
- Division of Perinatal Medicine and Genetics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
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17
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Ghanekar J, Sangrampurkar S, Hulinaykar R, Ahmer T. Ellis van Creveld syndome. J Assoc Physicians India 2009; 57:532-534. [PMID: 20329417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) or chondroectodermal dysplasia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. It is a tetrad of chondrodysplasia, ectodermal dysplasia, polydactyly, and congenital heart disease. In several case reports, dysplasia involving other organs has also been identified. The exact prevalence is unknown, but the syndrome seems more common among the Amish community. Many Indian cases have also been reported. This report describes a classical case of EVC syndrome in a 22 year old woman of Indian origin born of a consanginous marriage. The patient had chondrodysplasia of tubular bones resulting in disproportionate dwarfism, postaxial polydactyly, severely dystrophic nails, partially absent teeth, pectus excavatum with narrow chest, knock knees and AV canal defect.
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18
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Allen LM, Maestri MJ. Three-dimensional sonographic findings associated with ectrodactyly ectodermal dysplasia clefting syndrome. J Ultrasound Med 2008; 27:149-154. [PMID: 18096742 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2008.27.1.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ectrodactyly-ectrodermal dysplasia-clefting (EEC) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic syndrome. This condition is characterized by varying degrees of ectrodactyly and syndactyly of the hands and feet, a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate, and ectodermal dysplasia. In addition, abnormalities of the genitourinary system occur frequently in association with this syndrome. The wide clinical variability of EEC syndrome has been well documented in the literature, and none of the 3 cardinal signs seem to be obligatory. We present a case of classic familial EEC syndrome diagnosed by prenatal sonography at 17 weeks' gestation. In addition to tetraectrodactyly and a unilateral cleft lip and palate, renal dysplasia was noted on serial sonographic evaluation. Three-dimensional (3D) surface rendering was used to supplement traditional 2-dimensional (2D) imaging to further evaluate the fetal phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Allen
- Regional Perinatal Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13202, USA.
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19
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Janssens S, Defoort P, Vandenbroecke C, Scheffer H, Mortier G. Prune belly anomaly on prenatal ultrasound as a presenting feature of ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting syndrome (EEC). Genet Couns 2008; 19:433-437. [PMID: 19239089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report on a fetus with prune belly anomaly presenting at 16 weeks gestation. Clinical evaluation after birth revealed other malformations reminiscent of the EEC syndrome. This diagnosis was also suspected in the mother and finally confirmed in both relatives by identification of a heterozygous mutation (p.R204W) in the p63 gene. With this paper we confirm the previously reported occurrence of prune belly anomaly in the EEC syndrome, however here in this family proven by genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Janssens
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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Yavuz I, Baskan Z, Ulku R, Dulgergil TC, Dari O, Ece A, Yavuz Y, Dari KO. Ectodermal Dysplasia: Retrospective Study of Fifteen Cases. Arch Med Res 2006; 37:403-9. [PMID: 16513494 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2005] [Accepted: 06/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review possible cranio-maxillofacial deformative consequences associated with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and embryonic malformations, which include dental ageneses, and describe the oral habilitation. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patients had a clinical examination and underwent radiographic and Steiner's analyses and a respiratory capability test before assessment and treatment. Fifteen patients (eight males and seven females, aged 5-45 years) had tooth ageneses (from hypodontia to anodontia) associated with cutaneous dyshydrosis and hair and nail dystrophy. Most patients had sparse or absent hair, a short face with an unusual facial concavity, a maxillary retrusion and a relative mandibular protrusion. Dentists must conduct a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach to these patients in order to improve their dental, masticatory, growth and orthognathic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Yavuz
- Department of Pediatrics, Fuculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
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21
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Abstract
The purpose of this article is to report the clinical course and 6-year follow-up of a child with ectodermal dysplasia who was treated with implants surgery very early. This article reports placement of mandibular endosseous implants in a 4-year-old patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and oligodontia. This congenital anomaly does not appear to retard healing and the osseointegration remains after 6 years and 3 months of loading. Mandibular and maxillary skeletal growth and development was normal. However, because of lack of alveolar growth, in time, patient's vertical growth pattern changed to low angle. This could be corrected by changing the vertical heights of the abutment and prosthesis. As a result, in ectodermal dysplasias cases with anadontia, early implant placement and fixed prosthesis could be a good multidisciplinary treatment option for poor cooperative child.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Alcan
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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22
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Nortjé CJ. General practitioner's radiology case 15. Ectodermal dysplasia. SADJ 2003; 58:348. [PMID: 14648918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C J Nortjé
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch.
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23
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Sepulveda W, Sandoval R, Carstens E, Gutierrez J, Vasquez P. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: prenatal diagnosis by three-dimensional ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med 2003; 22:731-735. [PMID: 12862275 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2003.22.7.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia is the term used to describe a group of rare congenital anomalies characterized by abnormal development of 1 or several ectoderm-derived tissues. At least 154 different types, divided into 11 clinical subgroups, have been recognized. Among them, the hypohidrotic type is the most common form, with an incidence of 1 per 10,000 to 1 per 100,000 live births. This condition, originally known as anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia because of the notable reduction of sweat gland function, is clinically characterized by hypohidrosis, hypotrichosis, and hypodontia. Most cases are inherited as an X-linked recessive trait, with the gene responsible being mapped to Xq12-q13.1. The autosomal recessive and dominant patterns of inheritance have also been documented. Prenatal diagnosis of this condition has been reported previously in high-risk pregnancies on the basis of histologic analysis of fetal skin obtained by second-trimester fetoscopy-guided skin biopsy. DNA-based linkage analysis has also made the diagnosis possible with the use of chorionic villi in the first trimester. In this report, we describe noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in a pregnancy at risk for this condition. The diagnosis was achieved by identification of the distinct facial features at 30 weeks' gestation on three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldo Sepulveda
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.
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24
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Bsoul SA, Terezhalmy GT, Moore WS. Ectodermal dysplasia. Quintessence Int 2003; 34:482-3. [PMID: 12859093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir A Bsoul
- Dental Diagnostic Science, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, USA
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25
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Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare congenital disorder characterized by dry, brittle hair, dental malformations, and skin abnormalities. It is thought to be the result of embryonic ectodermal dysgenesis, affecting tissues and structures that are widely separated but with common developmental origins. Recently, this disorder has been associated with a unique neuroimaging appearance, consisting of widely dilated perivascular spaces. This association has been proposed as a novel neurocutaneous syndrome, identified in one report as "cerebrum polycystica vera." We report a similar patient with dilated perivascular spaces associated with dermatologic manifestations consistent with ectodermal dysplasia. This patient was otherwise normal, without neurocognitive deficit. Additional neuroimaging findings included widespread white-matter high signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, as well as normal findings on magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This case confirms the association of ectodermal dysplasia and brain cystic changes and appears to expand the phenotypic manifestations that may be seen in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc P DiFazio
- Department of Neurology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
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26
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Nijs EL, Huisman TA. Recurrent fever and lack of tooth buds. a case of ectodermal dysplasia in a 9 months old boy. JBR-BTR 2002; 84:256-7. [PMID: 11817478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the case of a 9 months old boy with an X-linked form of anhidrotic (hypohidrotic) ectodermal dysplasia. Several chest X-rays had been performed to rule out pneumonia because of recurrent episodes of high fever. The child's lack of tooth buds (hypodontia), which could be encountered on the margins of the chest X-rays, are suggestive for ectodermal dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Nijs
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Boston and Harvard Medical School, MA 02115, USA
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27
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Tamai S, Tojo M, Kamimaki T, Sato Y, Nishimura G. Intrafamilial phenotypic variations in cranioectodermal dysplasia: propositus with typical manifestations and her brother with perinatal death. Am J Med Genet 2002; 107:78-80. [PMID: 11807876 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ruhin B, Martinot V, Lafforgue P, Catteau B, Manouvrier-Hanu S, Ferri J. Pure ectodermal dysplasia: retrospective study of 16 cases and literature review. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2001; 38:504-18. [PMID: 11522173 DOI: 10.1597/1545-1569_2001_038_0504_pedrso_2.0.co_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the possible craniomaxillofacial deformative consequences associated with ectodermal dysplasias and embryonic malformations, which include dental ageneses. SETTING Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University Hospital, Lille, France. PATIENTS Sixteen patients (seven boys and nine girls, aged 4 to 34 years) with pure ectodermal dysplasia (no ectodermal dysplasia syndromes). INTERVENTIONS All patients had a clinical examination. Seven (two boys and five girls, aged 4 to 25 years) had undergone plaster casts and radiographic and Delaire's cephalometric studies before being treated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All patients had tooth ageneses (from hypodontia to anodontia), associated with cutaneous dyshidrosis and hair and nail dystrophy. Most of them had a short face, with an unusual facial concavity, a maxillary retrusion, and a relative mandibular protrusion. MANAGEMENT RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Depending on their ages and their orthopedic abnormalities, patients underwent either dental or prosthodontic, orthodontic, orthopedic, orthognathic, or implant treatment. So as not to interfere with the growth pattern, we preferred to reserve implant and orthognathic surgery for full-grown cases. CONCLUSIONS Oral and maxillofacial surgeons must undertake a comprehensive approach to these patients to improve their dental, masticatory, growing, and orthognathic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ruhin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Roger Salengro University Hospital, Boulevard du Professeur Leclercq, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cambiaghi
- Institute of Dermatological Sciences, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore, University of Milan, Italy
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30
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE A total of 126 genetic syndromes are associated with oligodontia or anodontia. The most frequent of these are ectodermal dysplasias, all types of facial cleft and Down's syndrome. With the advent of three-dimensional ultrasonography, accurate assessment of many fetal abnormalities has become possible. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of three-dimensional ultrasonography in the visualization of fetal tooth germs. DESIGN We examined 45 women with singleton pregnancies between 16 and 36 gestational weeks who were undergoing routine ultrasound check-ups for fetal tooth germs with conventional two-dimensional ultrasonography, followed by three-dimensional ultrasonography using multiplanar reconstruction. RESULTS In the 45 fetuses studied, fetal tooth germs were visualized at the first attempt in 36 cases (80%). In the group of fetuses aged between 19 and 36 weeks of gestation, the overall detection rate in both jaws was at least 86% for three-dimensional ultrasonography, compared to at least 56% for two-dimensional ultrasonography. CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional ultrasonography was clearly superior to conventional ultrasonography in the visualization and evaluation of fetal tooth germs. Three-dimensional ultrasonography therefore has a potential for enhanced visualization of fetal tooth germs and may aid in the antenatal detection of syndromes associated with oligodontia or anodontia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ulm
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy, University of Vienna, Austria
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31
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Desiate A, Milano V. [Dental anomalies in some hereditary syndromes observed by the authors]. Minerva Stomatol 1998; 47:361-6. [PMID: 9835742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ectodermal hypohidrotic dysplasia, Marfan and Robinson syndromes are hereditary syndromes. They are characterized by teeth anomalies associated with system anomalies. The purpose of the present study is an analysis of single dental anomaly cases in personally observed syndromes. METHODS The dental arch radiographs of 8 patients suffering from hereditary syndromes characterized by teeth anomalies have been studied. These dental anomalies have been classified--from an anatomic-clinical viewpoint--as to number (missing/exceeding teeth), shape, position, volume (too much/too little), eruption (early/late, till inclusion) and structure (enamel, dentine, cement). For each syndrome, the kind of transmission, the kind of dental anomaly (isolated or associated), the prevailing, the kind of association among the various dental anomalies have been evaluated. CONCLUSIONS The most frequently observed anomaly among the examined syndromes has been the number associated to shape. The 95.4% of the specimen presented association between different dental anomalies. The results of the observation confirm the well documented ontogenetic and etiopathogenetic relationship between genetics, dental genesis, morphogenesis, teeth eruption and growth. Dental anomalies observation should direct the surgeon towards considering the presence of other signs and symptoms when tracing out probable and more complex--sometimes recessive--syndrome outlines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Desiate
- Corso di Laurea in Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria, Università degli Studi, Bari
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32
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Abstract
Cutis aplasia (cutis aplasia congenita cystica) is a rare congenital disorder with failure of completion of the extracerebral coverings, involving a defect in the scalp and often a cranial defect. A case of cutis aplasia is reported with an associated high-flow venous fistula or sinus pericranii, resulting in altered venous drainage of sagittal sinus blood through dilated scalp veins. Radiological workup to ensure patency of the superior sagittal sinus was critical to the surgical management in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Madsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02115, USA.
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Mégarbané A, Noujeim Z, Fabre M, Der Kaloustian VM. New form of hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in a Lebanese family. Am J Med Genet 1998; 75:196-9. [PMID: 9450885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report a sister and brother born to consanguineous parents presenting with severe hypodontia, fine hair, and onychodysplasia. Five other relatives are similarly affected. The comparison with other ectodermal dysplasias is presented and discussed. The possibility of a new autosomal recessive form of ectodermal dysplasia is raised.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mégarbané
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cytogénétique, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint-Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Bonilla ED, Guerra L, Luna O. Overdenture prosthesis for oral rehabilitation of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a case report. Quintessence Int 1997; 28:657-65. [PMID: 9477886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The dentition of a patient with ectodermal dysplasia was restored with a modified hollowed maxillary overdenture opposing a conventional mandibular overdenture. Lingualized occlusion was used because it was the ideal occlusal scheme for this patient to achieve denture stability. The lingual cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth contacted the fossae of the mandibular teeth to create freedom of movement and to prevent lateral interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Bonilla
- School of Dentistry, University of California-Los Angeles, USA.
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35
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Abstract
Cranioectodermal dysplasia (CED) is an autosomal recessive condition characterized by defects of ectoderm-derived structures and characteristic bone anomalies. We report on a 27-month-old Caucasian girl with CED, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, hypoplasia of the posterior corpus callosum, photophobia, and aberrant calcium homeostasis. Since new traits were encountered, we reviewed all reported patients and one unpublished case and compared the frequency rates of the individual manifestations. The findings present in all patients are dolichocephaly and rhizomelia. Ectodermal dysplasia manifestations are variable. Short thorax and heart defect are inconsistent. Previously unreported anomalies include growth deficiency, delayed psychomotor development, microcephaly, photophobia, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. These clinical manifestations may facilitate the diagnosis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Amar
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa 33617-3451, USA
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36
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Abstract
Recently, sonography of the fetal face has gained increasing importance in prenatal diagnosis. It is not yet clear whether sonographic depiction of fetal tooth germs would have an influence on the prenatal diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia syndromes. During routine malformation screening, horizontal sections of fetal jaws were visualized and examined for tooth germs in 124 pregnant women following sonographic 'facing'. Histological jaw sections of fetuses that had died in utero at various gestational ages were produced in order to examine the degree of correspondence between the sonographic and histological findings. At least four tooth germs were found in the jaws of all fetuses between 19 and 34 gestational weeks (n = 104). Although jaw visualization was possible between 14 and 18 gestational weeks (n = 20), the exact number and location of the tooth germs could not be determined. Assessment of tooth germs may become increasingly important, as aplasia of the tooth germs is one of the principal signs of various hereditary ectodermal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ulm
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Dentistry, University of Vienna, Austria
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37
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Ulm MR, Ulm C, Reckendorffer H, Obwegeser R, Plöckinger B, Golaszewski T, Chalubinski K. [Ultrasound diagnosis of fetal tooth anlagen and their histologic correlates]. Ultraschall Med 1995; 16:18-21. [PMID: 7709213 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1003231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study was to examine the radiographic and histologic correlation of the respective ultrasonographic findings. METHODS Histologic examinations were performed in 12 fetuses who had died in utero between 16 and 34 weeks of gestation. The fetuses had been examined by intrauterine sonography for tooth germs and had been subjected to additional radiographic examinations post abortum or partum. During autopsy, the tooth germs were again examined sonographically and radiographically, and non-decalcified histological sections were obtained by means of the sawing and grinding technique. RESULTS The results obtained by histologically examining the 12 fetal jaws in the ultrasonic plane corresponded in all cases to those examined by sonography and radiology. CONCLUSION Sonographic proof of tooth germs might gain increasing importance in future because agenesia of tooth germs is one of the principal signs of a variety of hereditary syndromes, particularly those of ectodermal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ulm
- Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde Wien
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38
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Abstract
Rapp-Hodgkin syndrome (RHS) is a rare form of ectodermal dysplasia with variable involvement of the hair, eyes, sweat glands, nails, and teeth. Oral findings may include hypodontia, hypoplastic enamel, cleft lip/palate, and a pronounced midfacial hypoplasia. The objective of this study was to determine if the pronounced midfacial hypoplasia is the result of a true tissue hypoplasia or displacement of midfacial tissues. We have identified a family in which three members, a mother and two daughters, display clinical features characteristic of RHS. Clinical and intraoral examination of these affected persons showed manifestations characteristic of RHS, and several new findings were observed, including subcutaneous abscesses, palmoplantar keratosis, and keratotic lesions located on the chest and trunk. To assess the midfacial hypoplasia, lateral cephalometric analysis was performed on lateral headplates. Results of the cephalometric analysis suggest that the midfacial hypoplasia results from both a deficiency and a displacement of the maxilla. These findings are significant because successful dental treatment of RHS relies upon accurate assessment of current and projected orofacial development, particularly for the skeletal relations of the maxilla and mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Hart
- Department of Dentistry, Bowman-Gray School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
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39
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Abstract
We report a 20 year old man with short stature, microcephaly, unusual facies, numerous pigmented naevi, hypodontia, immunodeficiency, and a high pitched voice. Tympner et al had assumed that the patient had a new syndrome of "progressive combined immunodeficiency and ectomesodermal dysplasia". We show here that the condition is identical to the Mulvihill-Smith syndrome (McKusick 176690), a progeroid disorder described in four or possibly five sporadic cases to date. We describe his clinical progress up to the age of 20 years. Our patient suffered from severe viral infections, allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, delayed puberty, visual loss, modest achievement in high school, and reactive depression. The immunological, facioskeletal, and dental abnormalities are presented in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Bartsch
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus der Technischen Universität, Dresden, Germany
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40
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Abstract
Transvaginal ultrasonography performed at 14 weeks' gestation demonstrated a bilateral cleft lip and lobster-claw deformities of the hands and feet, in keeping with the diagnosis of EEC syndrome (ectrodactyly or lobster-claw deformity, ectodermal dysplasia, and cleft lip and palate). The fetus was aborted and the diagnosis of EEC syndrome was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bronshtein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology A, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
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41
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Lemke RP, Machin G, Muttitt S, Bamforth F, Rao S, Welch R. A case of aplasia cutis congenita in dizygotic twins. J Perinatol 1993; 13:22-7. [PMID: 8445443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a newborn infant with extensive aplasia cutis congenita of the flanks and thighs, associated with a co-twin fetus papyraceus. DNA restriction fragment polymorphism analysis of the twins proved dizygosity. The association of these two conditions in twins is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Lemke
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
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42
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Abstract
A 10-year-old male with acrania, distal limb anomalies, and abnormal arterial and venous cranial blood vessels is reported. Parental films and examination are normal. This case supports the hypothesis that acrania is a severe form of aplasia cutis congenita and is within the spectrum of Adams-Oliver syndrome. It is proposed that the diagnosis of acrania requires assessment of both parents and proband to assess other manifestations of vascular disruption in order to provide accurate genetic counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chitayat
- Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Quebec, Canada
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43
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Achiron R, Hamiel-Pinchas O, Engelberg S, Barkai G, Reichman B, Mashiach S. Aplasia cutis congenita associated with epidermolysis bullosa and pyloric atresia: the diagnostic role of prenatal ultrasonography. Prenat Diagn 1992; 12:765-71. [PMID: 1279662 DOI: 10.1002/pd.1970120909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aplasia cutis congenita associated with epidermolysis bullosa and pyloric atresia is a rare congenital disease in which localized or widespread areas of skin are absent at birth. Alphafetoprotein (AFP) and skin biopsy have been used for prenatal diagnosis of this condition. A patient in whom normal levels of amniotic AFP at 16 weeks' gestation presumably excluded the disease and who was at risk for aplasia cutis congenita associated with epidermolysis bullosa and pyloric atresia is described. However, 10 weeks later, ultrasonographic examination revealed hydramnios, a dilated stomach, a deformed external ear, and a contracted fisted hand. All signs were confirmed postnatally. The role of ultrasonography and the value of other diagnostic methods in this congenital disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Achiron
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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44
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Aquino M, Sonn M. [Hereditary hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Radiographic diagnosis: presentation of three cases]. Pract Odontol 1991; 12:35-6. [PMID: 1946206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Aquino
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
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45
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Abstract
We report on 2 sisters and one brother with severe dental anomalies, trichodysplasia, onychodysplasia, and slight skin alterations. Four other relatives have only mild dental anomalies. Differential diagnosis includes 3 other ectodermal dysplasias: hypodontia and nail dysgenesis, dermoodontodysplasia, and trichodermodysplasia with dental alterations. Cause is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pinheiro
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
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46
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Bondarets NV. [The structure of the facial skeleton in children and adolescents with multiple anodontia]. Stomatologiia (Mosk) 1990; 69:72-5. [PMID: 2389284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of 1516 orthopantomograms of the jaws has revealed hypodontia in 256 (16.88%) cases, in 119 (46.48%) of these more than 10 permanent teeth were missing. A total of 182 lateral teleroentgenograms of the head were analyzed, recorded in 63 subjects with orthognathic occlusion, in 85 ones with abnormal occlusion due to hypodontia, and in 34 ones with hypodontia combined with anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Typical disorders of facial skeleton structure in hypodontia and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia were defined with due consideration for the period of occlusion formation.
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47
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Wilson WG, Greer KE, Martof AB, McIlhenny J, Hatter DL. "New" ectodermal dysplasia syndrome with distinctive facial appearance and preaxial polydactyly of feet. Am J Med Genet 1989; 34:227-9. [PMID: 2817002 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320340219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We describe a 2-year-old girl with virtual absence of body and scalp hair, rounded nails, thin dental enamel, preaxial polydactyly of feet, and unusual facial appearance. This combination of findings is not similar to that of any of the previously described ectodermal dysplasia syndromes and may represent a new disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- W G Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville 22908
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48
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Abstract
Five members of a four-generation Mauritian family with ectrodactyly (split-hand/split-foot deformity) and ectodermal dysplasia but without clefting of the lip or palate have been investigated. The ectrodactyly ranged from virtual normality to severe tetramelic deficiencies. The ectodermal dysplasia manifested as hypotrichosis and abnormal dentition. Distinction is drawn between this autosomal dominant condition and the classical EEC syndrome; independent syndromic status is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Wallis
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical School, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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49
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Abstract
Two female infants with Goltz syndrome (focal dermal hypoplasia) were recently investigated in the Department of Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street for severe feeding problems and failure to thrive. Both demonstrated severe skeletal malformations and marked gastrooesophageal reflux with laxity of the hiatus. One child (case 1) exhibited nasal regurgitation during feeding. Interestingly, both children had undergone surgery; Case 1 or a right parasagittal abdominal hernia associated with focal dermal hypoplasia of the abdominal wall and Case 2 for an exomphalos also associated with dermal hypoplasia. This observation suggests a more widespread mesodermal abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Boothroyd
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Hospital for Sick Children, London, England
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50
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Fucci G, Ciccarelli R, Elefante R, Volpe A. [Dental agenesis in anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia]. Minerva Stomatol 1984; 33:791-5. [PMID: 6596491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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