|
1
|
Ricci A, Roviello GN. Exploring the Protective Effect of Food Drugs against Viral Diseases: Interaction of Functional Food Ingredients and SARS-CoV-2, Influenza Virus, and HSV. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020402. [PMID: 36836758 PMCID: PMC9966545 DOI: 10.3390/life13020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A complex network of processes inside the human immune system provides resistance against a wide range of pathologies. These defenses form an innate and adaptive immunity, in which certain immune components work together to counteract infections. In addition to inherited variables, the susceptibility to diseases may be influenced by factors such as lifestyle choices and aging, as well as environmental determinants. It has been shown that certain dietary chemical components regulate signal transduction and cell morphologies which, in turn, have consequences on pathophysiology. The consumption of some functional foods may increase immune cell activity, defending us against a number of diseases, including those caused by viruses. Here, we investigate a range of functional foods, often marketed as immune system boosters, in an attempt to find indications of their potential protective role against diseases caused by viruses, such as the influenza viruses (A and B), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in some cases mediated by gut microbiota. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms that govern the protective effects of some functional foods and their molecular constituents. The main message of this review is that discovering foods that are able to strengthen the immune system can be a winning weapon against viral diseases. In addition, understanding how the dietary components function can aid in the development of novel strategies for maintaining human bodily health and keeping our immune systems strong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ricci
- Studio Nutrizione e Benessere, Via Giuseppe Verdi 1, 84043 Agropoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni N. Roviello
- Italian National Council for Research (IBB-CNR), Area Di Ricerca Site and Headquarters, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0812203415
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Kaviani M, Keshtkar S, Soleimanian S, Sabet Sarvestani F, Azarpira N, Pakbaz S. Susceptibility to Metabolic Diseases in COVID-19: To be or Not to be an Issue. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:803314. [PMID: 35187079 PMCID: PMC8852768 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.803314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the passage of more than 17 months from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, challenges regarding the disease and its related complications still continue in recovered patients. Thus, various studies are underway to assay the long-term effects of COVID-19. Some patients, especially those with severe symptoms, experience susceptibility to a range of diseases and substantial organ dysfunction after recovery. Although COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, multiple reports exist on the effect of this infection on the kidneys, cardiovascular system, and gastrointestinal tract. Studies have also indicated the increased risk of severe COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. On the other hand, COVID-19 may predispose patients to diabetes, as the most common metabolic disease. Recent studies have shown that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, which are expressed in the tissues and organs involved in regulating the metabolic status including pancreas, adipose tissue, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 may result in metabolic disturbance. However, there are still many unknowns about SARS-CoV-2, which are required to be explored in basic studies. In this context, special attention to molecular pathways is warranted for understanding the pathogenesis of the disease and achieving therapeutic opportunities. Hence, the present review aims to focus on the molecular mechanisms associated with the susceptibility to metabolic diseases amongst patients recovered from COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Kaviani
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Somayeh Keshtkar
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeede Soleimanian
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Negar Azarpira,
| | - Sara Pakbaz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Roberts A, Chouhan RS, Shahdeo D, Shrikrishna NS, Kesarwani V, Horvat M, Gandhi S. A Recent Update on Advanced Molecular Diagnostic Techniques for COVID-19 Pandemic: An Overview. Front Immunol 2021; 12:732756. [PMID: 34970254 PMCID: PMC8712736 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.732756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which started out as an outbreak of pneumonia, has now turned into a pandemic due to its rapid transmission. Besides developing a vaccine, rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnosis is essential for monitoring and combating the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its related variants on time with precision and accuracy. Currently, the gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2 is Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), but it lacks accuracy, is time-consuming and cumbersome, and fails to detect multi-variant forms of the virus. Herein, we have summarized conventional diagnostic methods such as Chest-CT (Computed Tomography), RT-PCR, Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP), Reverse Transcription-LAMP (RT-LAMP), as well new modern diagnostics such as CRISPR-Cas-based assays, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), Lateral Flow Assays (LFA), Graphene-Field Effect Transistor (GraFET), electrochemical sensors, immunosensors, antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs)-based assays, and microarrays for SARS-CoV-2 detection. This review will also provide an insight into an ongoing research and the possibility of developing more economical tools to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Roberts
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT)-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Deepshikha Shahdeo
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT)-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Veerbhan Kesarwani
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT)-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, India
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sonu Gandhi
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT)-National Institute of Animal Biotechnology (NIAB), Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhansu Chokroverty
- Hackensack-Meridian Health-JFK University Medical Center, 65 James Street, Edison NJ 08820, USA.
| | - Philip M Becker
- Sleep Medicine Associates of Texas, TX, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Cazzato G, Mazzia G, Cimmino A, Colagrande A, Sablone S, Lettini T, Rossi R, Santarella N, Elia R, Nacchiero E, Maruccia M, Marzullo A, Maiorano E, Giudice G, Ingravallo G, Resta L. SARS-CoV-2 and Skin: The Pathologist's Point of View. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060838. [PMID: 34200112 PMCID: PMC8227624 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has dramatically changed our lives and habits. In just a few months, the most advanced and efficient health systems in the world have been overwhelmed by an infectious disease that has caused 3.26 million deaths and more than 156 million cases worldwide. Although the lung is the most frequently affected organ, the skin has also resulted in being a target body district, so much so as to suggest it may be a real "sentinel" of COVID-19 disease. Here we present 17 cases of skin manifestations studied and analyzed in recent months in our Department; immunohistochemical investigations were carried out on samples for the S1 spike-protein of SARS-CoV-2, as well as electron microscopy investigations showing evidence of virions within the constituent cells of the eccrine sweat glands and the endothelium of small blood vessels. Finally, we conduct a brief review of the COVID-related skin manifestations, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and/or electron microscopy, described in the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Cazzato
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giulia Mazzia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Antonietta Cimmino
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Anna Colagrande
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Sara Sablone
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, Policlinico di Bari Hospital, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Teresa Lettini
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Nadia Santarella
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Rossella Elia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.E.); (E.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Eleonora Nacchiero
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.E.); (E.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Michele Maruccia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (R.E.); (E.N.); (M.M.)
| | - Andrea Marzullo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Eugenio Maiorano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Giudice
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, Policlinico di Bari Hospital, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (S.S.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| | - Leonardo Resta
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), Section of Pathology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.M.); (A.C.); (A.C.); (T.L.); (R.R.); (N.S.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (G.I.); (L.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Ladoux A, Azoulay S, Dani C. Cibler la protéase majeure du SARS-CoV-2 pour fabriquer un médicament efficace contre ce coronavirus. Med Sci (Paris) 2020; 36:555-558. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
|
7
|
Talbot PJ, Desforges M, Dubé M, Le Coupanec A. Coronavirus respiratoires humains neurotropes. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:696-9. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163208012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
|
|
8
|
Salvetti A, Baize S. [Viral zoonoses and emergence: research is just starting]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:1055-6. [PMID: 26672651 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Salvetti
- Centre international de recherche en infectiologie (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, équipe nucléovir, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France - École normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France - LabEx Ecofect, université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Sylvain Baize
- Centre international de recherche en infectiologie (CIRI), Inserm U1111, CNRS UMR5308, équipe nucléovir, 46, allée d'Italie, 69007 Lyon, France - Centre national de référence des fièvres hémorragiques virales, Unité de biologie des infections virales émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Lyon, France - LabEx Ecofect, université de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|