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Girard A, Rochereau N, Roblin X, Genin C, Paul S. [Targeting and role of α4β7 integrin in the pathophysiology of IBD and HIV infection]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:895-903. [PMID: 26481029 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153110016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are a large family of heterodimeric cell adhesion molecules that are key regulators in multiple biological functions. They orchestrate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesive interactions from embryonic development to mature tissue function, and are thus involved in cell migration, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. As such, they are also involved in human diseases, such as thrombotic diseases, inflammation, cancer, fibrosis and infectious diseases. Integrins are exciting pharmacological targets because they are exposed on the cell surface. Indeed, several compounds have been developed that block integrins function, and five have been approved as therapeutic drugs for use in clinic. This review will detail the role of α4β7, an integrin of particular relevance for mucosal diseases such as IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) and also, as reported more recently, HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Girard
- Groupe immunité des muqueuses et agents pathogènes - GIMAP EA 3064, CIC 1408, Université de Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Faculté de médecine Jacques Lisfranc, 15, rue Ambroise Paré, 42023 Saint-Étienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Nicolas Rochereau
- Groupe immunité des muqueuses et agents pathogènes - GIMAP EA 3064, CIC 1408, Université de Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Faculté de médecine Jacques Lisfranc, 15, rue Ambroise Paré, 42023 Saint-Étienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Xavier Roblin
- Groupe immunité des muqueuses et agents pathogènes - GIMAP EA 3064, CIC 1408, Université de Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Faculté de médecine Jacques Lisfranc, 15, rue Ambroise Paré, 42023 Saint-Étienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Christian Genin
- Groupe immunité des muqueuses et agents pathogènes - GIMAP EA 3064, CIC 1408, Université de Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Faculté de médecine Jacques Lisfranc, 15, rue Ambroise Paré, 42023 Saint-Étienne Cedex 2, France
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Groupe immunité des muqueuses et agents pathogènes - GIMAP EA 3064, CIC 1408, Université de Saint-Étienne, Université de Lyon, Faculté de médecine Jacques Lisfranc, 15, rue Ambroise Paré, 42023 Saint-Étienne Cedex 2, France
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Martin-Blondel G, Pignolet B, Liblau RS. [Migration and pathogenicity of CD8 T cells in central nervous system diseases]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:748-55. [PMID: 26340834 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153108013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The implication of CD8 T cells in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system has received increasing attention. CD8 T cells are crucial players of the adaptive immune system against neurotropic infections, but can also trigger tissue damage. Here we review the molecular mechanisms used by CD8 T cells to migrate into the central nervous system, and describe diseases that imply CD8 T cell-mediated pathogenicity. We also suggest therapeutic strategies targeting this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Martin-Blondel
- Département des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, hôpital universitaire de Toulouse, France - Inserm U1043, CNRS UMR 5282, centre de physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, hôpital Purpan, place du Docteur Baylac, 31024 Toulouse, France - Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31000, France
| | - Béatrice Pignolet
- Inserm U1043, CNRS UMR 5282, centre de physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, hôpital Purpan, place du Docteur Baylac, 31024 Toulouse, France - Département des neurosciences, hôpital universitaire de Toulouse, France
| | - Roland S Liblau
- Inserm U1043, CNRS UMR 5282, centre de physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, hôpital Purpan, place du Docteur Baylac, 31024 Toulouse, France - Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, F-31000, France
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Herbin O, Haines JD. [Nuclear export inhibitors as a potential therapy for multiple sclerosis]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:604-6. [PMID: 26152161 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153106010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Herbin
- Department of medicine/clinical immunology, the immunology institute, Icahn school of medicine at Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, box 1089, 10029 New York, NY, États-Unis
| | - Jeffery D Haines
- Department of neuroscience, Icahn school of medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, États-Unis
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