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Pei L, Wan T, Wang S, Ye M, Qiu Y, Jiang R, Pang N, Huang Y, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Ling W, Zhang Z, Yang L. Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside regulates the activation and the secretion of adipokines from brown adipose tissue and alleviates diet induced fatty liver. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:625-632. [PMID: 29898429 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (Cy-3-G) the most abundant monomer of anthocyanins has multiple protective effects on many diseases. To date, whether Cy-3-G could regulate the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is still unclear and whether this regulation could influence the secretion of adipokines from BAT to prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) indirectly remains to be explored. In this study we investigated the effect of Cy-3-G on BAT and the potential role of Cy-3-G to prevent fatty liver through regulating the secretion of BAT. METHODS Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed with a high fat high cholesterol (HFC) diet with or without 200 mg/kg B.W Cy-3-G for 8 weeks. In in vitro experiments, the differentiated brown adipocytes (BAC) and C3H10T1/2 clone8 cells were treated with 0.2 mM palmitate with or without Cy-3-G for 72 or 96 h. Then the culture media of C3H10T1/2 clone8 cells were collected for measuring the adipokines secretion by immunoblot assay and were applied to culture HepG2 cells or LO2 cells for 24 h. Lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells or LO2 cells were evaluated by oil red O staining. RESULTS Here we found that Cy-3-G regulated the activation of BAT and the expression of adipokines in BAT which were disrupted by HFC diet and alleviated diet induced fatty liver in mice. In in vitro experiments, Cy-3-G inhibited the release of adipokines including extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) from differentiated C3H10T1/2 clone8 cells induced by palmitate, which was accompanied by a reduction of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and LO2 cells cultured by the corresponding collected media of C3H10T1/2 clone8 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that Cy-3-G can regulate the thermogenic and secretory functions of BAT. Furthermore, our data suggest that the protective effect of Cy-3-G on hepatic lipid accumulation is probably via regulating the secretion of adipokines from BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pei
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Ting Wan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Sufan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Mingtong Ye
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Nengzhi Pang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Yuanling Huang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Yujia Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Xuye Jiang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510260, PR China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510080, PR China.
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You Y, Yuan X, Liu X, Liang C, Meng M, Huang Y, Han X, Guo J, Guo Y, Ren C, Zhang Q, Sun X, Ma T, Liu G, Jin W, Huang W, Zhan J. Cyanidin-3-glucoside increases whole body energy metabolism by upregulating brown adipose tissue mitochondrial function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28691397 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Obesity develops when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. Promoting brown adipose tissue (BAT) formation and function increases energy expenditure and may protect against obesity. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is an anthocyanin compound that occurs naturally in many fruits and vegetables. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of C3G on the prevention of obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS Db/db mice received C3G dissolved in drinking water for 16 wk; drinking water served as the vehicle treatment. The total body weight, energy intake, metabolic rate, and physical activity were measured. The lipid droplets, gene expression and protein expression were evaluated by histochemical staining, real-time PCR, and western blots. We found that C3G increased energy expenditure, limited weight gain, maintained glucose homeostasis, reversed hepatic steatosis, improved cold tolerance, and enhanced BAT activity in obese db/db mice. C3G also induces brown-like adipocytes (beige) formation in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) of db/db mice model. We also found that C3G potently regulates the transcription of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) both in BAT and sWAT through increasing mitochondrial number and function. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that C3G plays a role in regulating systemic energy balance, which may have potential therapeutic implications for the prevention and control of obesity.
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MESH Headings
- Adipogenesis
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/enzymology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/ultrastructure
- Adipose Tissue, White/enzymology
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Animals
- Anthocyanins/therapeutic use
- Behavior, Animal
- Dietary Supplements
- Energy Intake
- Energy Metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Glucosides/therapeutic use
- Liver/enzymology
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Locomotion
- Male
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Mitochondria/enzymology
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/ultrastructure
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/metabolism
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/prevention & control
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/pathology
- Obesity/prevention & control
- Thermotolerance
- Uncoupling Protein 1/genetics
- Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Whole Body Imaging
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin You
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yuan
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Translational Medicine, College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- ARC Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Minghui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jielong Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Ren
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guojie Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanzhu Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- The University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality encountered in clinical practice with wide-ranging prognostic implications in a variety of conditions. This review summarizes the available literature on the epidemiology of hyponatremia in both hospitalized and ambulatory-based patients. Particular attention is given to hyponatremia in the geriatric population, drug-induced hyponatremia, exercise-associated hyponatremia, and the medical costs of hyponatremia. The frequency and outcomes of hyponatremia in congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, pneumonia, and human immunodeficiency virus infection also are reviewed. Although the knowledge on hyponatremia has expanded in the past few decades, the disorder largely remains an underdiagnosed condition. Substantial additional work is needed to improve the awareness of hyponatremia among medical professionals. The advent of vasopressin-receptor antagonists as a plausible treatment option for some forms of euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia now offers the opportunity to gain further insights into the prognostic impact of hyponatremia and its management in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Upadhyay
- Renal Section, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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