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Coetzee SG, Hazelett DJ. MotifbreakR v2: extended capability and database integration. ARXIV 2024:arXiv:2407.03441v1. [PMID: 39010878 PMCID: PMC11247919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
MotifbreakR is a software tool that scans genetic variants against position weight matrices of transcription factors (TF) to determine the potential for the disruption of TF binding at the site of the variant. It leverages the Bioconductor suite of software packages and annotations to operate across a diverse array of genomes and motif databases. Initially developed to interrogate the effect of single nucleotide variants (common and rare SNVs) on potential TF binding sites, in motifbreakR v2, we have updated the functionality. New features include the ability to query other types of more complex genetic variants, such as short insertions and deletions (indels). This function allows modeling a more extensive array of variants that may have more significant effects on TF binding. Additionally, while TF binding is based partly on sequence preference, predictions of TF binding based on sequence preference alone can indicate many more potential binding events than observed. Adding information from DNA-binding sequencing datasets lends confidence to motif disruption prediction by demonstrating TF binding in cell lines and tissue types. Therefore, motifbreakR implements querying the ReMap2022 database for evidence that a TF matching the disrupted motif binds over the disrupting variant. Finally, in motifbreakR, in addition to the existing interface, we have implemented an R/Shiny graphical user interface to simplify and enhance access to researchers with different skill sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Coetzee
- Department of Computational Biomedicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
| | - Dennis J Hazelett
- Department of Computational Biomedicine at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
- Cancer Prevention and Control - Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, Cedars-Sinai
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2
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Zhu S, Lin Y, Ding Z. Exploring inflammatory bowel disease therapy targets through druggability genes: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1352712. [PMID: 38707907 PMCID: PMC11069403 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1352712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease is an incurable group of recurrent inflammatory diseases of the intestine. Mendelian randomization has been utilized in the development of drugs for disease treatment, including the therapeutic targets for IBD that are identified through drug-targeted MR. Methods Two-sample MR was employed to explore the cause-and-effect relationship between multiple genes and IBD and its subtypes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, and replication MR was utilized to validate this causality. Summary data-based Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to enhance the robustness of the outcomes, while Bayesian co-localization provided strong evidential support. Finally, the value of potential therapeutic target applications was determined by using the estimation of druggability. Result With our investigation, we identified target genes associated with the risk of IBD and its subtypes UC and CD. These include the genes GPBAR1, IL1RL1, PRKCB, and PNMT, which are associated with IBD risk, IL1RL1, with a protective effect against CD risk, and GPX1, GPBAR1, and PNMT, which are involved in UC risk. Conclusion In a word, this study identified several potential therapeutic targets associated with the risk of IBD and its subtypes, offering new insights into the development of therapeutic agents for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhen Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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3
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Jia K, Shen J. Transcriptome-wide association studies associated with Crohn's disease: challenges and perspectives. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:29. [PMID: 38403629 PMCID: PMC10895848 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01204-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is regarded as a lifelong progressive disease affecting all segments of the intestinal tract and multiple organs. Based on genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and gene expression data, transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) can help identify susceptibility genes associated with pathogenesis and disease behavior. In this review, we overview seven reported TWASs of CD, summarize their study designs, and discuss the key methods and steps used in TWAS, which affect the prioritization of susceptibility genes. This article summarized the screening of tissue-specific susceptibility genes for CD, and discussed the reported potential pathological mechanisms of overlapping susceptibility genes related to CD in a certain tissue type. We observed that ileal lipid-related metabolism and colonic extracellular vesicles may be involved in the pathogenesis of CD by performing GO pathway enrichment analysis for susceptibility genes. We further pointed the low reproducibility of TWAS associated with CD and discussed the reasons for these issues, strategies for solving them. In the future, more TWAS are needed to be designed into large-scale, unified cohorts, unified analysis pipelines, and fully classified databases of expression trait loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Jia
- Laboratory of Medicine, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Nephrology department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1058 Huanzhen Northroad, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Laboratory of Medicine, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Nephrology department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1058 Huanzhen Northroad, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baoshan Branch, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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4
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Li S, Schmid KT, de Vries DH, Korshevniuk M, Losert C, Oelen R, van Blokland IV, Groot HE, Swertz MA, van der Harst P, Westra HJ, van der Wijst MGP, Heinig M, Franke L. Identification of genetic variants that impact gene co-expression relationships using large-scale single-cell data. Genome Biol 2023; 24:80. [PMID: 37072791 PMCID: PMC10111756 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies show how genetic variants affect downstream gene expression. Single-cell data allows reconstruction of personalized co-expression networks and therefore the identification of SNPs altering co-expression patterns (co-expression QTLs, co-eQTLs) and the affected upstream regulatory processes using a limited number of individuals. RESULTS We conduct a co-eQTL meta-analysis across four scRNA-seq peripheral blood mononuclear cell datasets using a novel filtering strategy followed by a permutation-based multiple testing approach. Before the analysis, we evaluate the co-expression patterns required for co-eQTL identification using different external resources. We identify a robust set of cell-type-specific co-eQTLs for 72 independent SNPs affecting 946 gene pairs. These co-eQTLs are replicated in a large bulk cohort and provide novel insights into how disease-associated variants alter regulatory networks. One co-eQTL SNP, rs1131017, that is associated with several autoimmune diseases, affects the co-expression of RPS26 with other ribosomal genes. Interestingly, specifically in T cells, the SNP additionally affects co-expression of RPS26 and a group of genes associated with T cell activation and autoimmune disease. Among these genes, we identify enrichment for targets of five T-cell-activation-related transcription factors whose binding sites harbor rs1131017. This reveals a previously overlooked process and pinpoints potential regulators that could explain the association of rs1131017 with autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION Our co-eQTL results highlight the importance of studying context-specific gene regulation to understand the biological implications of genetic variation. With the expected growth of sc-eQTL datasets, our strategy and technical guidelines will facilitate future co-eQTL identification, further elucidating unknown disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics Coordination Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Katharina T Schmid
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dylan H de Vries
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maryna Korshevniuk
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Corinna Losert
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roy Oelen
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Irene V van Blokland
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hilde E Groot
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Morris A Swertz
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Genomics Coordination Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- Munich Heart Alliance, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Munich, Germany.
| | - Lude Franke
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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5
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Quan Y, Dai J, Zhou S, Zhao L, Jin L, Long Y, Liu S, Hu Y, Liu Y, Zhao J, Ding Z. HIF2α-induced upregulation of RNASET2 promotes triglyceride synthesis and enhances cell migration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:638-654. [PMID: 36728187 PMCID: PMC10068329 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common malignant subtype of renal cell carcinoma, is characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. RNASET2 is a protein coding gene with a low expression level in ovarian cancers, but it is overexpressed in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas. There is a correlation between RNASET2 upregulation and triglyceride expression levels in human serum but is unknown whether such an association is a factor contributing to lipid accumulation in ccRCC. Herein, we show that RNASET2 expression levels in ccRCC tissues and cell lines are significantly higher than those in both normal adjacent tissues and renal tubular epithelial cells. Furthermore, its upregulation is associated with increases in ccRCC malignancy and declines in patient survival. We also show that an association exists between increases in both cytoplasmic lipid accumulation and HIF-2α transcription factor upregulation, and increases in both RNASET2 and triglyceride expression levels in ccRCC tissues. In addition, DGAT1 and DGAT2, two key enzymes involved in triglyceride synthesis, are highly expressed in ccRCC tissues. By contrast, RNASET2 knockdown inhibited their expression levels and lowered lipid droplet accumulation, as well as suppressing in vitro cell proliferation, cell invasion, and migration. In conclusion, our data suggest HIF2α upregulates RNASET2 transcription in ccRCC cells, which promotes both the synthesis of triglycerides and ccRCC migration. As such, RNASET2 may have the potential as a biomarker or target for the diagnosis and treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Quan
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Sian Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Lingyi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Lixing Jin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yijing Long
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Siwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Juping Zhao
- Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Zhide Ding
- Department of Histology, Embryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
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6
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Gallo D, De Vito A, Roncoroni R, Bruno A, Piantanida E, Bartalena L, Tanda ML, Mortara L, Acquati F. A potential role of human RNASET2 overexpression in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease. Endocrine 2023; 79:55-59. [PMID: 36180758 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03207-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variation of the gene encoding for the only human enzyme of the T2 ribonucleases family (RNASET2) emerged in genome-wide association studies as a putative risk hotspot for Graves' disease (GD). T2 ribonucleases activities include immune regulation, induction of cell apoptosis and differentiation. Several reports supported the hypothesis that RNASET2 represents a "danger" message addressed to the innate immune system in peculiar conditions. This was a longitudinal, case-control study. RNASET2 protein levels were assessed in blood samples from 34 consecutive newly diagnosed GD patients and in healthy controls. At enrollment, RNASET2 levels were significantly higher in GD patients (98.5 ± 29.1 ng/ml) compared to healthy controls (72.5 ± 27.9 ng/ml, p = 0.001). After 6 months of methimazole treatment, RNASET2 levels significantly decrease and return to levels similar to healthy controls (62.4 ± 22 ng/ml, p = 0.69). These preliminary results suggest that RNASET2 is overexpressed in patients with GD and might represent an "alarm signal" generated by thyroid cells in response to endogenous or environmental stress to alert the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gallo
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, 21100, Varese, Italy.
| | - Annarosaria De Vito
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Rossella Roncoroni
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, 20138, Italy
| | - Eliana Piantanida
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Luigi Bartalena
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Tanda
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST dei Sette Laghi, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Acquati
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, 21100, Varese, Italy
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7
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Biener-Ramanujan E, Rosier F, Coetzee SG, McGovern DDP, Hazelett D, Targan SR, Gonsky R. Diagnostic and therapeutic potential of RNASET2 in Crohn's disease: Disease-risk polymorphism modulates allelic-imbalance in expression and circulating protein levels and recombinant-RNASET2 attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Front Immunol 2022; 13:999155. [PMID: 36466822 PMCID: PMC9709281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.999155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease T2 gene (RNASET2) variants are associated in genome wide association studies (GWAS) with risk for several autoimmune diseases, including Crohn's disease (CD). In T cells, a functional and biological relationship exists between TNFSF15-mediated enhancement of IFN-γ production, mucosal inflammation and RNASET2. Disease risk variants are associated with decreased mRNA expression and clinical characteristics of severe CD; however, functional classifications of variants and underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to pathogenesis remain largely unknown. In this study we demonstrate that allelic imbalance of RNASET2 disease risk variant rs2149092 is associated with transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms regulating transcription factor binding, promoter-transactivation and allele-specific expression. RNASET2 mRNA expression decreases in response to multiple modes of T cell activation and recovers following elimination of activator. In CD patients with severe disease necessitating surgical intervention, preoperative circulating RNASET2 protein levels were decreased compared to non-IBD subjects and rebounded post-operatively following removal of the inflamed region, with levels associated with allelic carriage. Furthermore, overexpression or treatment with recombinant RNASET2 significantly reduced IFN-γ secretion. These findings reveal that RNASET2 cis- and trans-acting variation contributed regulatory complexity and determined expression and provide a basis for linking genetic variation with CD pathobiology. These data may ultimately identify RNASET2 as an effective therapeutic target in a subset of CD patients with severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Biener-Ramanujan
- Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Florian Rosier
- Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Simon G. Coetzee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars−Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dermot D. P. McGovern
- Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Dennis Hazelett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars−Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephan R. Targan
- Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rivkah Gonsky
- Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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8
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Tackling Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Targeting Proinflammatory Cytokines and Lymphocyte Homing. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091080. [PMID: 36145301 PMCID: PMC9502105 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic inflammatory disorders that are a result of an abnormal immune response mediated by a cytokine storm and immune cell infiltration. Proinflammatory cytokine therapeutic agents, represented by TNF inhibitors, have developed rapidly over recent years and are promising options for treating IBD. Antagonizing interleukins, interferons, and Janus kinases have demonstrated their respective advantages in clinical trials and are candidates for anti-TNF therapeutic failure. Furthermore, the blockade of lymphocyte homing contributes to the excessive immune response in colitis and ameliorates inflammation and tissue damage. Factors such as integrins, selectins, and chemokines jointly coordinate the accumulation of immune cells in inflammatory regions. This review assembles the major targets and agents currently targeting proinflammatory cytokines and lymphatic trafficking to facilitate subsequent drug development.
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9
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Bachour SP, Shah RS, Rieder F, Qazi T, Achkar JP, Philpott J, Lashner B, Holubar SD, Lightner AL, Barnes EL, Axelrad J, Regueiro M, Click B, Cohen BL. Intra-abdominal septic complications after ileocolic resection increases risk for endoscopic and surgical postoperative Crohn's disease recurrence. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1696-1705. [PMID: 35705188 PMCID: PMC9924045 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative recurrence [POR] of Crohn's disease following ileocolonic resection is common. The impact of immediate postoperative intra-abdominal septic complications [IASC] on endoscopic and surgical recurrence has not been elucidated. AIMS To evaluate if IASC is associated with an increased risk for endoscopic and surgical POR. METHODS This was a retrospective study of adult Crohn's disease patients undergoing ileocolonic resection with primary anastomosis between 2009 and 2020. IASC was defined as anastomotic leak or intra-abdominal abscess within 90 days of the date of surgery. Multivariable logistic and Cox proportional hazard modelling were performed to assess the impact of IASC on endoscopic POR [modified Rutgeerts' score ≥ i2b] at index postoperative ileocolonoscopy and long-term surgical recurrence. RESULTS In 535 Crohn's disease patients [median age 35 years, 22.1% active smokers, 35.7% one or more prior resection] had an ileocolonic resection with primary anastomosis. A minority of patients [N = 47; 8.8%] developed postoperative IASC. In total, 422 [78.9%] patients had one or more postoperative ileocolonoscopies, of whom 163 [38.6%] developed endoscopic POR. After adjusting for other risk factors for postoperative recurrence, postoperative IASC was associated with significantly greater odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.45 [1.23-4.97]; p = 0.01) and decreased time (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR]: 1.60 [1.04-2.45]; p = 0.03] to endoscopic POR. Furthermore, IASC was associated with increased risk (aOR: 2.3 [1.04-4.87] p = 0.03) and decreased survival-free time [aHR: 2.53 [1.31-4.87]; p = 0.006] for surgical recurrence. CONCLUSION IASC is associated with an increased risk for endoscopic and surgical POR of Crohn's disease. Preoperative optimization to prevent IASC, in addition to postoperative biological prophylaxis, may help reduce the risk for endoscopic and surgical POR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salam P Bachour
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ravi S Shah
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Florian Rieder
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA,Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Taha Qazi
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jean Paul Achkar
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jessica Philpott
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bret Lashner
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stefan D Holubar
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Amy L Lightner
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Edward L Barnes
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jordan Axelrad
- New York University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Regueiro
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin Click
- Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin L Cohen
- Correspondence: Benjamin L. Cohen, MD, MAS, Cleveland Clinic Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, 9500 Euclid Ave., A30, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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10
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Comprehensive Analysis of RELL2 as a Potential Biomarker Associated with Tumor Immune Infiltrating Cells in a Pan-Cancer Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5009512. [PMID: 35634441 PMCID: PMC9132657 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5009512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Receptor expressed in lymphoid tissues-like 2 (RELL2), which is a member of RELT family, is closely associated with the plasma membrane and acts as a modulator for RELT signaling. Overexpression of RELL2 induces the activation of MAPK14/p38 cascade and apoptosis. However, whether RELL2 contributes to cancers remains unclear. Here, we examined its role in cancer patient prognosis and various tumors. Methods We used several bioinformatics methods, specifically gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), ScanNeo, and ESTIMATE, to analyze the CCLE dataset, GTEx dataset, and TCGA dataset. We investigated the possible association of RELL2 with the microsatellite instability (MSI) of various tumors, tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune checkpoint, immune neoantigens, immune microenvironment, and patient prognosis. Result RELL2 is highly expressed in cancer compared with normal tissues. RELL2 expression is linked with worse progression-free interval and overall survival in numerous cancers. In most cancers, high RELL2 expression was related to a poor prognosis. RELL2 expression was significantly associated with the tumor microenvironment, MSI, and TMB. RELL2 expression is strongly associated with phenotypes that are of major clinical significance, particularly those associated with immune neoantigens and the expression profiles of immune checkpoint genes in pan-cancer. RELL2 expression strongly linked with the expressions of methyltransferases and DNA repair genes. It also significantly correlated with multiple signaling pathways through gene set enrichment analysis. Conclusion RELL2 may be a prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer and may have an important function in tumorigenesis and progression.
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11
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Watt S, Vasquez L, Walter K, Mann AL, Kundu K, Chen L, Sims Y, Ecker S, Burden F, Farrow S, Farr B, Iotchkova V, Elding H, Mead D, Tardaguila M, Ponstingl H, Richardson D, Datta A, Flicek P, Clarke L, Downes K, Pastinen T, Fraser P, Frontini M, Javierre BM, Spivakov M, Soranzo N. Genetic perturbation of PU.1 binding and chromatin looping at neutrophil enhancers associates with autoimmune disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2298. [PMID: 33863903 PMCID: PMC8052402 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play fundamental roles in innate immune response, shape adaptive immunity, and are a potentially causal cell type underpinning genetic associations with immune system traits and diseases. Here, we profile the binding of myeloid master regulator PU.1 in primary neutrophils across nearly a hundred volunteers. We show that variants associated with differential PU.1 binding underlie genetically-driven differences in cell count and susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. We integrate these results with other multi-individual genomic readouts, revealing coordinated effects of PU.1 binding variants on the local chromatin state, enhancer-promoter contacts and downstream gene expression, and providing a functional interpretation for 27 genes underlying immune traits. Collectively, these results demonstrate the functional role of PU.1 and its target enhancers in neutrophil transcriptional control and immune disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Watt
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Louella Vasquez
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Klaudia Walter
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Alice L Mann
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lu Chen
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Sims
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Frances Burden
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Cambridge, UK
| | - Samantha Farrow
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Cambridge, UK
| | - Ben Farr
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Valentina Iotchkova
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
| | - Heather Elding
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Daniel Mead
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Manuel Tardaguila
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - David Richardson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Avik Datta
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Flicek
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Clarke
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kate Downes
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Cambridge, UK
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children's Mercy, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Peter Fraser
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Mattia Frontini
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant (NHSBT), Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, Exeter, UK
| | - Biola-Maria Javierre
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mikhail Spivakov
- Nuclear Dynamics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
- Functional Gene Control Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences (LMS), London, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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12
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The Role of Inflammation in Crohn's Disease Recurrence after Surgical Treatment. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:8846982. [PMID: 33426097 PMCID: PMC7781709 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8846982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Postoperative recurrence after surgery for Crohn's disease (CD) is virtually inevitable, and its mechanism is poorly known. Aim To review the numerous factors involved in CD postoperative recurrence (POR) pathogenesis, focusing on single immune system components as well as the immune system as a whole and highlighting the clinical significance in terms of preventive strategies and future perspectives. Methods A systematic literature search on CD POR, followed by a review of the main findings. Results The immune system plays a pivotal role in CD POR, with many different factors involved. Memory T-lymphocytes retained in mesenteric lymph nodes seem to represent the main driving force. New pathophysiology-based preventive strategies in the medical and surgical fields may help reduce POR rates. In particular, surgical strategies have already been developed and are currently under investigation. Conclusions POR is a complex phenomenon, whose driving mechanisms are gradually being unraveled. New preventive strategies addressing these mechanisms seem promising.
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13
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Chen M, Zhu H, Mao YJ, Cao N, Yu YL, Li LY, Zhao Q, Wu M, Ye M. Regulation of IL12B Expression in Human Macrophages by TALEN-mediated Epigenome Editing. Curr Med Sci 2020; 40:900-909. [PMID: 33123904 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-020-2249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Although the exact etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear, exaggerated immune response in genetically predisposed individuals has been reported. Th1 and Th17 cells mediate IBD development. Macrophages produce IL-12 and IL-23 that share p40 subunit encoded by IL12B gene as heteromer partner to drive Th1 and Th17 differentiation. The available animal and human data strongly support the pathogenic role of IL-12/IL-23 in IBD development and suggest that blocking p40 might be the potential strategy for IBD treatment. Furthermore, aberrant alteration of some cytokines expression via epigenetic mechanisms is involved in pathogenesis of IBD. In this study, we analyzed core promoter region of IL12B gene and investigated whether IL12B expression could be regulated through targeted epigenetic modification with gene editing technology. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) are widely used in the field of genome editing and can specifically target DNA sequence in the host genome. We synthesized the TALE DNA-binding domains that target the promoter of human IL12B gene and fused it with the functional catalytic domains of epigenetic enzymes. Transient expression of these engineered enzymes demonstrated that the TALE-DNMT3A targeted the selected IL12B promoter region, induced loci-specific DNA methylation, and down-regulated IL-12B expression in various human cell lines. Collectively, our data suggested that epigenetic editing of IL12B through methylating DNA on its promoter might be developed as a potential therapeutic strategy for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu-Juan Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Nan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ya-Li Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lian-Yun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Center and Key Lab of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Min Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mei Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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14
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Wu L, Xu Y, Zhao H, Li Y. RNase T2 in Inflammation and Cancer: Immunological and Biological Views. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1554. [PMID: 32903619 PMCID: PMC7438567 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The RNase T2 family consists of evolutionarily conserved endonucleases that express in many different species, including animals, plants, protozoans, bacteria, and viruses. The main biological roles of these ribonucleases are cleaving or degrading RNA substrates. They preferentially cleave single-stranded RNA molecules between purine and uridine residues to generate two nucleotide fragments with 2'3'-cyclic phosphate adenosine/guanosine terminus and uridine residue, respectively. Accumulating studies have revealed that RNase T2 is critical for the pathophysiology of inflammation and cancer. In this review, we introduce the distribution, structure, and functions of RNase T2, its differential roles in inflammation and cancer, and the perspective for its research and related applications in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanquan Xu
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huakan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.,Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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15
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Weber T, Schlotawa L, Dosch R, Hamilton N, Kaiser J, Schiller S, Wenske B, Gärtner J, Henneke M. Zebrafish disease model of human RNASET2-deficient cystic leukoencephalopathy displays abnormalities in early microglia. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio049239. [PMID: 32295832 PMCID: PMC7225086 DOI: 10.1242/bio.049239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infantile-onset RNASET2-deficient cystic leukoencephalopathy is a Mendelian mimic of in utero cytomegalovirus brain infection with prenatally developing inflammatory brain lesions. We used an RNASET2-deficient zebrafish model to elucidate the underlying disease mechanisms. Mutant and wild-type zebrafish larvae brain development between 2 and 5 days post fertilization (dpf) was examined by confocal live imaging in fluorescent reporter lines of the major types of brain cells. In contrast to wild-type brains, RNASET2-deficient larvae displayed increased numbers of microglia with altered morphology, often containing inclusions of neurons. Furthermore, lysosomes within distinct populations of the myeloid cell lineage including microglia showed increased lysosomal staining. Neurons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells remained unaffected. This study provides a first look into the prenatal onset pathomechanisms of human RNASET2-deficient leukoencephalopathy, linking this inborn lysosomal disease to the innate immune system and other immune-related childhood encephalopathies like Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Weber
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lars Schlotawa
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Roland Dosch
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Noémie Hamilton
- The Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Firth Court D31, Sheffield S10 2PT, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Kaiser
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stina Schiller
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Britta Wenske
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marco Henneke
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert- Koch- Str. 40, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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16
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Acquati F, Mortara L, De Vito A, Baci D, Albini A, Cippitelli M, Taramelli R, Noonan DM. Innate Immune Response Regulation by the Human RNASET2 Tumor Suppressor Gene. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2587. [PMID: 31749812 PMCID: PMC6848152 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between cancer development or progression and immune system dysregulation has long been established. Virtually every cell type belonging to both the innate and adaptive immune system has been reported to be involved in a complex interplay that might culminate into either a pro- or anti-tumorigenic response. Among the cellular components of the innate immune system, cells belonging to the monocyte/macrophage lineage have been consistently shown to play a key role in the tumorigenic process. The most advanced human tumors are reported to be strongly infiltrated with Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) endowed with the ability to contribute to tumor growth and dissemination. However, given their widely acknowledged functional plasticity, macrophages can display anti-tumor properties as well. Based on these premises, experimental approaches to promote the in vivo macrophage shift from pro-tumor to anti-tumor phenotype represent one of the most promising research field aimed at developing immune system-mediated tumor suppressive therapies. In this context, the human RNASET2 oncosuppressor gene has emerged as a potential tool for macrophage-mediated tumor suppression. A growing body of experimental evidence has been reported to suggest a role for this gene in the regulation of macrophage activity in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Moreover, several recent reports suggest a role for this gene in a broad range of cell types involved in immune response, pointing at RNASET2 as a putative regulator of several functional features within the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Acquati
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Mortara
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Annarosaria De Vito
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Adriana Albini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Scientific and Technology Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cippitelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Taramelli
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Immunology and General Pathology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.,Scientific and Technology Pole, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
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17
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Zhou B, Yan Y, Wang Y, You S, Freeman MR, Yang W. Quantitative proteomic analysis of prostate tissue specimens identifies deregulated protein complexes in primary prostate cancer. Clin Proteomics 2019; 16:15. [PMID: 31011308 PMCID: PMC6461817 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-019-9236-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed non-skin cancer and a leading cause of mortality among males in developed countries. However, our understanding of the global changes of protein complexes within PCa tissue specimens remains very limited, although it has been well recognized that protein complexes carry out essentially all major processes in living organisms and that their deregulation drives the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Methods By coupling tandem mass tagging-synchronous precursor selection-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry with differential expression and co-regulation analyses, the present study compared the differences between protein complexes in normal prostate, low-grade PCa, and high-grade PCa tissue specimens. Results Globally, a large downregulated putative protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was detected in both low-grade and high-grade PCa, yet a large upregulated putative PPI network was only detected in high-grade but not low-grade PCa, compared with normal controls. To identify specific protein complexes that are deregulated in PCa, quantified proteins were mapped to protein complexes in CORUM (v3.0), a high-quality collection of 4274 experimentally verified mammalian protein complexes. Differential expression and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses suggested that 13 integrin complexes involved in cell adhesion were significantly downregulated in both low- and high-grade PCa compared with normal prostate, and that four Prothymosin alpha (ProTα) complexes were significantly upregulated in high-grade PCa compared with normal prostate. Moreover, differential co-regulation and GO enrichment analyses indicated that the assembly levels of six protein complexes involved in RNA splicing were significantly increased in low-grade PCa, and those of four subcomplexes of mitochondrial complex I were significantly increased in high-grade PCa, compared with normal prostate. Conclusions In summary, to the best of our knowledge, the study represents the first large-scale and quantitative, albeit indirect, comparison of individual protein complexes in human PCa tissue specimens. It may serve as a useful resource for better understanding the deregulation of protein complexes in primary PCa. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12014-019-9236-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Rm. 4009, Davis Research Bldg 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Yiwu Yan
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Rm. 4009, Davis Research Bldg 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Rm. 4009, Davis Research Bldg 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Rm. 4009, Davis Research Bldg 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Michael R Freeman
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Rm. 4009, Davis Research Bldg 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
| | - Wei Yang
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery and Biomedical Sciences, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Rm. 4009, Davis Research Bldg 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA
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18
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Sun Y, Hu X, Song J, Hu Y, Liu C, Li G. Novel RNASET2 Pathogenic Variants in an East Asian Child with Delayed Psychomotor Development. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2018; 37:15-21. [PMID: 29336640 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2017.1388456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RNASET2 mutation has been reported in patients with cystic leukoencephalopathy without megalencephaly and the Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. Both disorders are Mendelian mimics of congenital cytomegalovirus infection with overlapping features, including leukoencephalopathy, white matter alterations, intracranial calcification, delayed psychomotor development, intelligence disability and seizures. Only eight families with RNASET2 mutation have been previously reported. METHODS Whole exome sequencing was performed and copy number variants were described by read-depth strategy. RESULTS We identified a novel nonsense variant c.128G>A (p. W43*) and a 430 Kb 6q27 microdeletion encompassing RNASET2. Our patient did not show anterior temporal lobe subcortical cysts, hearing loss, dystonia or extra-neurological features. CONCLUSION Our results provided further genetic and phenotypic information of RNASET2 mutation in Chinese patients and highlighted the importance for physicians to consider RNASET2-related disorders when diagnosing patients with congenital brain infection-like phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Xuyun Hu
- b Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory , Guangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital , Nanning , Guangxi , China.,c Shanghai Children's Medical Center , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jiqing Song
- d Department of Radiology , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Caihong Liu
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
| | - Guimei Li
- a Department of Pediatrics , Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong , China
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