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Romero CS, Maimeri N, Bonaccorso A, Baiardo-Redaelli M, Lombardi G, Iwuchukwu OF, Ortalda A, Schmid B, Fleming M, Landoni G. Gender-gap in randomized clinical trials reporting mortality in the perioperative setting and critical care: 20 years behind the scenes. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 33:101117. [PMID: 37091504 PMCID: PMC10119706 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women researchers might experience obstacles in academic environments and might be underrepresented in the authorship of articles published in peer-reviewed journals. Material and Methods This is a cross-sectional analysis of female-led RCTs describing all interventions reducing mortality in critically ill and perioperative patients from 1981 to December 31, 2020. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE with the keywords RCTs and mortality. The gender of the first author was extracted and descriptive analysis was performed including the year of publication, impact factor, country of the first author, and methodological aspects. Results We analyzed 340 RCTs, of which 42 (12%) were led by female researchers. The presence of women increased from 8% (14/172) until 2010 up to 17% (28/168) in 2010 and beyond. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Brazil were the main countries of origin of female researchers. Women authors conducted mainly single-center and single-nation studies as compared to male authors. The median impact factor of the target journal was 6 (3-27) in women vs. 7 (3-28) in men, with a p-value of 0.67; Critical Care Medicine, JAMA, and The New England Journal of Medicine were the most frequent target journals for both women and men. Conclusion In the last 40 years, only one out of eight RCTs had a woman as the first author but the presence of women increased up to 17% by 2010 and beyond. The impact factor of publication target journals was high and not different between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S. Romero
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Unit, University General Hospital, Spain
- Department of Methods in Research, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Corresponding author. Department of Methods in Research, Universidad Europea de Valencia (Spain). Avenida General Elio 2, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Nicolò Maimeri
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bonaccorso
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Lombardi
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Otito Frances Iwuchukwu
- American College of Clinical Pharmacology, Fairleigh Dickinson University School of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, New Jersey, United States
| | - Alessandro Ortalda
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedikt Schmid
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Fleming
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Czerniakowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Giovanni Landoni
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Center for Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (CARE) San Raffaele Hospital Head of SIAARTI Clinical Research Committee, Milan, Italy
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Mendoza-Holgado C, Cantero-Garlito PA, Barrios-Fernandez S. Gender Composition in Occupational Therapy Journals' Editorial Boards. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3458. [PMID: 36834154 PMCID: PMC9966705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyses the Editorial Board (EB) distribution of Occupational Therapy journals from a gender perspective. The "Occupational Therapy" field in the Scimago Journal and Country Rank (SJR) and the "Occupational Therapy" term in the title search of the Journal Citation Report (JCR) were used to find the Occupational Therapy-specific journals. The following indicators were calculated: Editorial Board Member (EBM) gender distribution by journal, publisher, subject speciality, country, and journal quartile. Thirty-seven journals were located, including 667 individuals, 206 males (31%) and 461 females (69%). Referring to the EB positions, most members (557) were EB members, 70 were listed as Associate Editors, and 20 as Editorial Leaders. The results show that the proportion of women in the EB's of Occupational Therapy journals represents a majority. Regarding the distribution by gender of the EBMs, six journals had a female proportion below the cut-off point revealed in this study (69%). Four did not reach parity, with female representation below 50%. Additionally, the balance among the EBMs is significantly underrepresented compared to the percentage of female Occupational Therapy practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mendoza-Holgado
- Health and Social Services Department, Government of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | | | - Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), Nursing and Occupational Therapy College, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Authorship by gender in anesthesiology journals: a retrospective cross-sectional study for Japan. J Anesth 2023; 37:364-370. [PMID: 36688988 PMCID: PMC9868495 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-023-03165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although it is important to recognize gender disparities in publishing to achieve gender diversity, women's authorship in Japan remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the percentage and analyze the trends of articles authored and published in anesthesiology journals by Japanese female authors. METHODS The genders of the first and last authors affiliated with Japanese institutions were surveyed in the Journal of Anesthesia (JA) (1990, 1995, and 2000-2022) and 11 international anesthesiology journals (2010-2022). RESULTS We included 845 and 819 original research articles from JA in the analyses of the first and last authors, respectively. The proportion of female first authors significantly increased from 41 (11.7%) out of 351 before 2009 to 119 (24.1%) out of 494 after 2010 (p < 0.001). The proportion of female last authors was 11 (3.3%) out of 335 before 2009 and 22 (4.5%) out of 484 after 2010, respectively, with no significant difference (p = 0.470). We included 624 and 572 original research articles from international anesthesiology journals in the analyses of first and last authors, respectively. Among these, there were 134 (21.5%) and 23 (4.0%) female first and last authors, respectively. These proportions in international anesthesiology journals did not significantly differ from those in JA (p = 0.334, p = 0.789, respectively). CONCLUSION The percentage of female first authors has increased, commensurate with the percentage of female anesthesiologists. However, the percentage of female last authors has not increased and remains low in Japan.
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Ngai J, Capdeville M, Sumler M, Oakes D. A Call for Diversity: Women, Professional Development, and Work Experience in Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 37:870-880. [PMID: 36599777 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Ngai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
| | - Michelle Capdeville
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michele Sumler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Daryl Oakes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Strand N, Kraus M, Pougnier C, Keim A, Deshpande A, Maloney J. Analysis of Gender-Based Authorship Trends in Leading Pain-Medicine Journals Over 10 Years. Health Psychol Res 2022; 10:38356. [DOI: 10.52965/001c.38356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Authorship of peer-reviewed publications is important for academic rank, promotion, and national reputation. In pain medicine, limited information is available for authorship trends for women as compared with men. The objective of this study was to describe trends of female authorship data in the 5 pain journals with the highest impact factors over a 10-year period. We analyzed data for January, April, and October in 2009, 2014, and 2019. For each article, the following information was recorded: journal name, journal month, journal year, article title or article PMCID, total authors, total female authors, total male authors, total authors of unknown gender, presence or absence of a female first author, and presence or absence of a female last/senior author. Authorship for 924 articles was reviewed. When a man was senior author, women were first author on only 27.9% of articles (P<.001). A woman was 2 times as likely (57.2%) to be first author when a woman was the senior author (P<.001), pointing to the potential impact of female senior authors. An article with 50% or more female authors was 76.4% more likely to have a female senior author (P<.001). The results demonstrate the influence of a senior female author on the likelihood of an article’s having a female first author. When men were the senior authors, women were half as likely to be first authors. The total number of female authors changed very little between 2009 and 2019.
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Wang M, Xue Y, Wei M, Jiang H, Zhang X. Representation of women as editors in andrology journals. Andrology 2022; 10:1067-1072. [PMID: 35842769 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surveys of gender diversity in editorial boards of journals have been conducted in several disciplines, but not in andrology. OBJECTIVES The present study was designed to investigate the gender distribution of editorial boards of andrology journals. METHODS A total of eight andrology journals were included in the study, and the gender information and geographical location of editors were identified based on the information obtained from the Internet. RESULTS A total of 382 editors' gender information was confirmed. Women made up 1 of the 9 editors-in-chief (11.1%), 13 of the 68 deputy/associate editors (19.1%), 37 of the 270 editorial/advisory board members (13.7%) and 0 of the 35 other types of editors (0%). There was no significant difference in the journal impact factor between male and female editors-in-chief (3.060±1.274 vs 3.482, p = 0.156), and no significant association was found between impact factor and the proportion of female editor (Spearman's r = -0.204, P = 0.629). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Andrology-related journals lacked adequate gender diversity, not all journals reserved reasonable editorial positions for women. Besides, increased impact factor did not bring additional gender bias. Women should be given more reasonable seats to improve gender diversity in andrology-related journals. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Department of Urology, First affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Department of Urology, First affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.,School of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menghong Wei
- Department of Urology, First affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.,Department of Hematology, First affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Andrology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, First affiliated hospital of Anhui medical university, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
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Presence of women on the editorial boards of the language and linguistics journals in Spain. Scientometrics 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11192-022-04412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMany international studies have pointed out the under-representation of women on Editorial Boards of both Science and Social Science journals. Their presence as Editorial Board members is relevant as they influence and reflect the policies of the journal itself. This study analyses the participation of women on the Editorial Boards of the Spanish Language and Linguistics journals in SCOPUS. To this end, 54 journals indexed in SCOPUS were analysed, thus discriminating the gender of all members and the role that each member plays on the Editorial Board. The results show no significant differences in the participation of men and women in these Editorial Boards. It was not found any evidence of gender bias in these journals.
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Participación femenina en los comités editoriales de revistas médicas en Latinoamérica. BIOMÉDICA 2022; 42:355-363. [PMID: 35867927 PMCID: PMC9451002 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Introducción. La participación femenina en el campo de la medicina y la investigación se ha incrementado en los últimos años; sin embargo, aún existen inequidades en la proporción de hombres y mujeres, especialmente en los cargos directivos y la participación en los comités editoriales de revistas científicas. Objetivo. Establecer la participación femenina en los comités editoriales de revistas médicas en Latinoamérica, y explorar su asociación con los cargos editoriales y los indicadores de impacto. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de tipo bibliométrico de revistas médicas de Latinoamérica indizadas en Scopus, actualizadas y vigentes en el 2020, las cuales se seleccionaron del portal de Scimago Journal & Country Rank. Los equipos editoriales se categorizaron en tres grupos según sus funciones y, posteriormente, se registró el sexo de sus miembros a partir de sus nombres. Resultados. Se incluyeron 113 revistas. En cuanto al liderazgo editorial, entre los 264 directores de comités editoriales, las mujeres representaban el 12,9 %. En lo concerniente a las diferentes funciones, de 1.449 miembros, las mujeres eran el 28,9 %, en tanto que, de los 4.575 miembros de comités consultivos, el 19,0 % correspondía a mujeres. Se observó una mayor presencia de mujeres en los comités editoriales de revistas de Chile, Brasil y Venezuela, y en las especialidades de salud pública, pediatría y anestesiología. Conclusiones. La participación femenina en los comités editoriales de revistas médicas de Latinoamérica es escasa.
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Abstract
Women represent approximately one-third of all anesthesiologists in the United States. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, research regarding gender bias in anesthesiology defined the scope of the problem. Unfortunately, the pandemic exposed and expanded the imbalances associated with gender, placing women anesthesiologists as both primary caregivers in the home and on the frontlines of health care. These systemic inequities exacerbated burnout in women anesthesiologists. Several initiatives that can improve well-being and the work culture for all anesthesiologists, including women, will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Malinzak
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, DUMC 3094, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Stephanie I Byerly
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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A Year Into the Pandemic: An Update on Women in Science, Technology, Engineering, Math, and Medicine (STEMM). Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021; 19:517-524. [PMID: 34847335 PMCID: PMC8996277 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202107-875cme] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic revealed long-standing, unaddressed fissures in our systems, including dramatic gender inequities in science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine (STEMM) fields. Women have disproportionately carried the burden of child care and other caregiving responsibilities during the pandemic, and there are strong indications that the pandemic will likely exacerbate pre-existing disparities in the pipeline of women in STEMM and in leadership positions. Based on a literature review, our own experiences and the experiences of our colleagues, we review promising strategies that have been implemented by funding bodies, journals, professional societies, and colleges/universities as well as additional strategies that might be helpful for these entities to implement in order to move forward with policies in place that address gender inequities and rebuild our institutional systems better. At this moment in time, institutions should collect data on metrics such as recruitment, retention, tenure/promotion, funding, professional society membership, awards/honors, and scientific publishing. These data will be essential in determining the impact of policies on women in STEMM to ensure they are having the intended effect as well as what future actions might be necessary in an iterative process.
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Methangkool E, Brodt J, Kolarczyk L, Ivascu NS, Hicks MH, Herrera E, Oakes D. Perceptions of Gender Disparities Among Women in Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:1859-1866. [PMID: 34903458 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study of women in cardiothoracic anesthesiology, the authors aimed to characterize demographics, roles in leadership, and perceived professional challenges. DESIGN A prospective cross-sectional survey of female cardiothoracic anesthesiologists in the United States. SETTING An internet-based survey of 43 questions was sent to women in cardiothoracic anesthesiology. The survey included questions on demographics, leadership, and perceptions of professional challenges including career advancement, compensation, promotion, harassment, and intimidation. PARTICIPANTS A database of women in cardiothoracic anesthesiology was created via personal contacts and snowball sampling. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS A total of 153 responses were analyzed, for a response rate of 65.1%. Most respondents were at the Clinical Instructor or Assistant Professor rank. Many women perceived that compensation, promotion, authorship, and career advancement were affected by gender. Furthermore, 67% of respondents identified having children as having a negative impact on career advancement. Many women reported experiencing derogatory comments (55.6%), intimidation (57.8%), microaggression (69.6%), sexual harassment (25.2%), verbal harassment (45.2%), and unwanted physical or sexual advances (24.4%). These behaviors were most often from a surgical attending, anesthesia attending, or patient. CONCLUSION This survey study of women in cardiothoracic anesthesiology found that many women perceived inequities in financial compensation, authorship opportunities, and promotion; in addition, many felt that their career advancement was impacted negatively by having children. A striking finding was that the majority of women have experienced intimidation, derogatory comments, and microaggressions in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Methangkool
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
| | - Jessica Brodt
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Lavinia Kolarczyk
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Natalia S Ivascu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Megan H Hicks
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Elizabeth Herrera
- Department of Anesthesiology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Daryl Oakes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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Ravioli S, Rupp A, Exadaktylos AK, Lindner G. Gender distribution in emergency medicine journals: editorial board memberships in top-ranked academic journals. Eur J Emerg Med 2021; 28:380-385. [PMID: 34115712 DOI: 10.1097/mej.0000000000000842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite an established gender gap in academic medicine, evidence on gender diversity in emergency medicine is scarce. In the present study, gender distribution of editorial boards and among editors-in-chief of 31 emergency medicine journals was investigated in 2020/2021 and compared to 2015 and 2010. Additionally, gender distribution in editorial boards of emergency medicine journals was compared to editorial boards in five different medical specialties. METHODS In this cross-sectional analysis, gender of editorial board members and editors-in-chief of journals ranked in the Clarivate Analytics 'Journal Citation Report' (JCR) of 2019 in the sections 'Emergency Medicine', 'Medicine General and Internal', 'Surgery', 'Obstetrics and Gynecology', 'Pediatrics' and 'Orthopedics' were analyzed. RESULTS In the investigated 31 emergency medicine journals, three out of 35 editors-in-chief (9%) and 299 out of 1810 editorial board members (17%) were women in 2020/2021. In 2015 and 2010, two editors-in-chief were women (13% vs. 15%). In 2015, 19% of editorial board members were women and in 2010 it was 18%, respectively. There was no significant difference in gender distribution among editors-in-chief and editorial board members comparing 2020/2021 with 2015 and 2010 (P = 0.76 vs. P = 0.40, respectively). There was a lower percentage of women in editorial boards of emergency medicine journals compared to the top five JCR-ranked journals in the categories 'Medicine General and Internal', 'Surgery', 'Gynecology and Obstetrics' and 'Pediatrics'. CONCLUSION The gender gap in editorial boards and among editors-in-chief of emergency medicine journals seems to be consistent for the last 10 years. Gender disparity appears to be substantial in academic emergency medicine: The percentage of women in emergency medicine editorial boards was lower compared to editorial boards of four other medical specialties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Ravioli
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Buergerspital Solothurn, Solothurn
| | - Adrienne Rupp
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Buergerspital Solothurn, Solothurn
| | | | - Gregor Lindner
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Buergerspital Solothurn, Solothurn
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13
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Gender inequalities on editorial boards of indexed pediatrics journals. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:300-314. [PMID: 33239709 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of women in decision-making positions, such as on editorial committees of biomedical journals, is not the same as that of men. This paper analyzes the gender composition of editorial committees (EBMs) and editors-in-chief (ECs) positions of pediatric journals. METHODS The gender of EBMs and ECs of 125 journals classified in the pediatrics area of the Journal Citation Report (JCR) was analyzed. The following indicators were calculated: gender distribution of ECs and EBMs by journal, publisher, subject speciality, country, quartile of the journal in JCR and country of affiliation of the members. RESULTS The total number of EBMs was 4242. The distribution by sex of the ECs was 19.44% women and 80.56% men, while that of the EBMs were 33.05% women and 66.95% men. Twenty journals exhibited a greater representation of women than of men, and in four there was parity. Journals with greater participation of women specialized in nursing and physical therapy and were related to nutrition (lactation and breastfeeding). CONCLUSIONS Only one-fifth of ECs and one-third of EBMs are females. Women's participation is higher in journals related to nursing, physical and occupational therapy, and nutrition. The United States has the highest number of EBMs, followed by the European Union. IMPACT Only one-fifth of Editors-in-chief in pediatrics journals are female. Only one-third of Editorial Board Members in pediatrics journals are female. Women's participation is higher in editorials committees in pediatrics journals related to nursing, physical and occupational therapy, and nutrition. Medical and pediatric associations and societies must work together to eliminate the disparities that exist between women and men. Achieving gender equity and empowering all women is one of the World Health Organization's Sustainable Development Goals.
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Ngai J, Capdeville M, Sumler M, Oakes D. A Call for Diversity: Women and Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Fellowship Education. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:66-75. [PMID: 34330578 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Ngai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY.
| | - Michelle Capdeville
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Anesthesiology Institute, Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia-J4, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Michele Sumler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Daryl Oakes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Lindner G, Rupp A, Exadaktylos AK, Ravioli S. Gender distribution in board memberships of emergency medicine societies. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 47:176-179. [PMID: 33892332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender gaps have been described regarding the chairpersons in academic emergency departments, the composition of editorial boards and publications in emergency medicine. The objective of this study was to determine the gender distribution of chairpersons and board members of emergency medicine societies worldwide. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional analysis, websites of national emergency medicine societies worldwide were screened for the composition of executive boards and the respective chairpersons. The gender of the board members and chairpersons was obtained either by the profile on the respective web site and/or by internet search and gender identification software. Descriptive statistics were performed and results for national societies were stratified by continent. RESULTS A total of 61 boards of national emergency medicine societies were analyzed. Detailed information on the board composition was available for 50 societies, of which 27 were from Europe, 10 from Asia, five from Africa, four from North America, three from South America and one from Australasia. A total of 603 persons were included in the analysis. 45 (82%) of the listed societies' presidents were male, while 10 (18%) were female. 385 (70%) of the non-president board members were male. The highest proportion of female board members was seen in Australia/New Zealand with five out of eight persons (62%) followed by South America with 13 out of 29 (45%). CONCLUSIONS A marked gender disparity was found for emergency medicine societies worldwide in terms of chair functions as well as board composition. Wide regional differences were found between world regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Lindner
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Buergerspital Solothurn, Switzerland.
| | - Adrienne Rupp
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Buergerspital Solothurn, Switzerland
| | | | - Svenja Ravioli
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Buergerspital Solothurn, Switzerland
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Flexman AM, Shillcutt SK, Davies S, Lorello GR. Current status and solutions for gender equity in anaesthesia research. Anaesthesia 2021; 76 Suppl 4:32-38. [PMID: 33682100 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing numbers of women entering anaesthesia, they remain persistently under-represented within academic anaesthesia and research. Gender discordance is seen across multiple aspects of research, including authorship, editorship, peer review, grant receipt, speaking and leading. Women are also under-represented at higher faculty ranks and in department chair positions. These inequities are further magnified for women with intersectional identities, such as those who identify as Black, indigenous and women of colour. Several barriers to participation in research have been identified to date, including a disproportionate amount of family responsibilities, a disproportionate burden of clinical service, gender bias, sexual harassment and the gender pay gap. Several strategies to improve gender equity have been proposed. Increasing access to formal mentorship of women in academic medicine is frequently cited and has been used by healthcare institutions and medical societies. Senior faculty and leaders must also be conscious of including women in sponsorship and networking opportunities. Institutions should provide support for parents of all genders, including supportive parental leave policies and flexible work models. Women should also be materially supported to attend formal educational conferences targeted for women, aimed at improving networking, peer support and professional development. Finally, leaders must display a clear intolerance for sexual harassment and discrimination to drive culture change. Peers and leaders alike, of all genders, can act as upstanders and speak up on behalf of targets of discrimination, both in the moment or after the fact. Gender inequities have persisted for far too long and can no longer be ignored. Diversifying the anaesthesia research community is essential to the future of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Flexman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - S K Shillcutt
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - S Davies
- Trinity College, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK
| | - G R Lorello
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Leadership diversity in prosthodontics: Number and percentage of women chief editors of journals publishing prosthodontic science. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 128:430-435. [PMID: 33610325 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The number and percentage of women chief editors of journals publishing prosthodontic science is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this observational study was to calculate and compare the number and percentage of women and men chief editors of journals publishing prosthodontic science. MATERIAL AND METHODS A list of the dental journals, as ranked by impact factor, was obtained through the Web of Science Journal Citation Reports 2020 using the category "Dentistry, Oral Surgery, and Medicine." Of the 91 journals listed in the Journal Citation Report, 28 published scientific findings related to prosthodontics. The chief editors of these 28 journals were identified, and their gender was recorded. The percentage of women and men chief editors was compared with the percentage of women and men members of the International Association of Dental Research (IADR) and the International College of Prosthodontists (ICP) by using the binomial test (α=.05). RESULTS Of the 28 included journals, a total of 32 chief editors were identified; of whom, 4 (12.5%) were women and 28 (87.5%) were men. There were 7886 members of the IADR who reported their gender; of whom, 3448 (43.7%) were women. There were 906 members of the ICP; of whom, 248 (27.5%) were women. Compared with the percentage of women and men members of the IADR and ICP, women chief editors were significantly underrepresented (P<.001 and P=.039, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The number and percentage of women chief editors of journals publishing prosthodontic science is of concern.
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Colomina MJ. Anesthesiology: Gender and leadership. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ANESTESIOLOGIA Y REANIMACION 2020; 67:364-366. [PMID: 31879035 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M J Colomina
- Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Clínica del Dolor, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Universidad de Barcelona, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España.
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Wadhwa R, Sawhney C, Tempe DK. Gender Bias-An Indian Perspective. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:354-355. [PMID: 32600999 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachna Wadhwa
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, GIPMER, G.B. Pant Hospital, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Chhavi Sawhney
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Medicine and Critical Care, JPNATC, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Women in Neurosurgery: Gender Differences in Authorship in High-Impact Neurosurgery Journals through the Last Two Decades. World Neurosurg 2020; 138:374-380. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Capdeville M. Don't Hold Your Breath-The Rise of Women on Journal Editorial Boards. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019; 33:3235-3238. [PMID: 31500974 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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