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Mc Donnell C, Li C, Matava C. Development and implementation of local pediatric anesthesia performance metrics at a Canadian children's hospital: a technical report. Can J Anaesth 2024; 71:944-957. [PMID: 38724871 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-024-02763-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In this project, we sought to develop and implement pediatric anesthesia metrics into electronic health records (EHR) in a hospital setting to improve quality and safety of patient care. While there has been an upsurge in metric-driven health care, specific metrics catering to pediatric anesthesia remain lacking despite widespread use of EHR. The rapid proliferation and implementation of EHR presents opportunities to develop and implement metrics appropriate to local patient care, in this case pediatric anesthesia, with the strategic goal of enhancing quality and safety of patient care, while also delivering transparency in reporting of such metrics. CLINICAL FEATURES Using a quasi-nominal consensus group design, we collected requirements from attending anesthesiologists using Agile methodology. Forty-five metrics addressing quality of care (e.g., induction experience, anesthesia delivery, unanticipated events, and postanesthetic care unit stay) and provider performance (e.g., bundle-compliance, collaboration, skills assurance) were developed. Implementation involved integration into the EHR followed by transition from PDF-based feedback to interactive Power BI (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) dashboards. CONCLUSION We introduced and implemented customized pediatric anesthesia metrics within an academic pediatric hospital; however, this framework is easily adaptable across multiple clinical specialties and institutions. In harnessing data-collecting and reporting properties of EHR, the metrics we describe provide insights that facilitate real-time monitoring and foster a culture of continuous learning in line with strategic goals of high-reliability organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Mc Donnell
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Casey Li
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Clyde Matava
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids), Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hoogma DF, Croonen R, Al Tmimi L, Tournoy J, Verbrugghe P, Fieuws S, Rex S. Association between improved compliance with enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines and postoperative outcomes: A retrospective study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024; 167:1363-1371.e2. [PMID: 35989120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery is a multidisciplinary clinical care pathway that relies on a bundle of interventions, aiming to reduce the stress response to surgery and promote early recovery of organ function. In 2011, our institution introduced an institutional enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery program focusing on 9 central interventions, which have been expanded during the past decade by additional interventions now considered standard of care. After the recent publication of the enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines, we evaluated the relation between the compliance with these enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines and postoperative outcomes. METHODS All patients enrolled in our enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery program in 2019 were included in this retrospective single-center audit. The primary outcome was compliance with 23 enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines. Secondary outcomes included occurrence of at least 1 postoperative complication and hospital length of stay. RESULTS A total of 356 patients were included in this study. Compliance with the enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines was 64%. Postoperatively, 51% of the patients experienced at least 1 complication and had a median hospital length of stay of 6 days. Multivariable analysis showed that an increased compliance (per 10%) with the enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines was associated with a lower risk for any complication (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.79; P = .0003) and a higher probability of earlier hospital discharge (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.43; P = .0008). CONCLUSIONS This audit revealed a correlation between increased compliance with enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines and a reduction of postoperative complications and hospital length of stay. Future trials are needed to establish evidence-based recommendations for each separate intervention of the enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery guidelines and to create a minimum core-set of enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Feike Hoogma
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Roel Croonen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Layth Al Tmimi
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Tournoy
- Geriatric Medicine and Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Verbrugghe
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steffen Fieuws
- University Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steffen Rex
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Biomedical Sciences Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Grant MC, Crisafi C, Alvarez A, Arora RC, Brindle ME, Chatterjee S, Ender J, Fletcher N, Gregory AJ, Gunaydin S, Jahangiri M, Ljungqvist O, Lobdell KW, Morton V, Reddy VS, Salenger R, Sander M, Zarbock A, Engelman DT. Perioperative Care in Cardiac Surgery: A Joint Consensus Statement by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Cardiac Society, ERAS International Society, and The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Ann Thorac Surg 2024; 117:669-689. [PMID: 38284956 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs have been shown to lessen surgical insult, promote recovery, and improve postoperative clinical outcomes across a number of specialty operations. A core tenet of ERAS involves the provision of protocolized evidence-based perioperative interventions. Given both the growing enthusiasm for applying ERAS principles to cardiac surgery and the broad scope of relevant interventions, an international, multidisciplinary expert panel was assembled to derive a list of potential program elements, review the literature, and provide a statement regarding clinical practice for each topic area. This article summarizes those consensus statements and their accompanying evidence. These results provide the foundation for best practice for the management of the adult patient undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Grant
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Cheryl Crisafi
- Heart and Vascular Program, Baystate Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts
| | - Adrian Alvarez
- Department of Anesthesia, Hospital Italiano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rakesh C Arora
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Mary E Brindle
- Departments of Surgery and Community Health Services, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Subhasis Chatterjee
- Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Joerg Ender
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart Center Leipzig, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nick Fletcher
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Cleveland Clinic London, London, United Kingdom; St George's University Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J Gregory
- Department of Anesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Serdar Gunaydin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Marjan Jahangiri
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olle Ljungqvist
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Kevin W Lobdell
- Regional Cardiovascular and Thoracic Quality, Education, and Research, Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Vicki Morton
- Clinical and Quality Outcomes, Providence Anesthesiology Associates, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - V Seenu Reddy
- Centennial Heart & Vascular Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Rawn Salenger
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael Sander
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel T Engelman
- Heart and Vascular Program, Baystate Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts
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Cristian A, Rubens M, Orada R, DeVries K, Syrkin G, DePiero MT, Estenoz M, Kothakapu S, McGranaghan P, Lindeman PR. Development of a Cancer Rehabilitation Dashboard to Collect Data on Physical Function in Cancer Patients and Survivors. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 103:S36-S40. [PMID: 38364028 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000002424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to describe the development of a cancer rehabilitation dashboard that collects data on physical function for cancer survivors in a cancer institute. METHODS This project was conducted at the Miami Cancer Institute. The cancer rehabilitation dashboard was developed by a team of physicians, biostatistician, and medical informatics teams to record, report and track the physical function of cancer survivors. A multimodal approach to the measurement of physical function was used and included the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System-Physical Function short form, Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System-Fatigue short form, Timed Up and Go Test, Sit-to-Stand Test in 30-sec test, four-stage balance test, and grip strength. To develop this system, a Cerner Power Form was developed based on the physical function data. To display the data, a dedicated flowsheet was developed and placed within the Oncology Viewpoint in Cerner Millennium. Thus, from inside any patient record, the flowsheet could easily be accessed by providers without leaving normal clinician workflows. Using native functionality, the data can also be shown in graphical format to facilitate dialog with patients and oncology teams. All patient data from the Cerner Power Form discrete task assays were integrated into an existing Oncology Data Warehouse for all patients. The data elements in the Cerner Power Form were identified in the electronic medical record system, loaded into the Oncology Data Warehouse, and related to the other source systems to develop reports and data visualizations such as the cancer rehabilitation dashboard. The cancer rehabilitation dashboard allows visualization of numerous parameters of physical function in cancer survivors evaluated and treated and their change over time. Rendered in Tableau, the cancer rehabilitation dashboard acts as a centralized, interactive data source to analyze and connect clinicians to near real-time data. RESULTS The cancer rehabilitation dashboard was successfully developed and implemented into a cancer rehabilitation practice in a cancer institute and used to collect and track physical function data for cancer survivors receiving treatment and cancer survivors. This information has been used to direct the treatment plan and educate individual patients about the impact of the cancer and its treatment on physical function as well as oncology teams in a cancer institute. CONCLUSIONS The cancer rehabilitation dashboard provides an insight into the physical function of cancer survivors receiving treatment and cancer survivors using both self-reported and objective metrics. It can be customized to suit the interests of clinicians and researchers wishing to improve the quality of life of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Cristian
- From the Cancer Rehabilitation, Cancer Patient Support Center-Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida (AC); Department of Oncology Research, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida (MR); Cancer Patient Support Center, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida (RO); New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York (KD); Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York (KD); Rehabilitation Medicine Service, Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (GS); Informatics Analyst, Department of Oncology Informatics, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida (MTD, ME, PRIL); Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, Florida (SK, PM); and Department of Oncology Informatics
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Casas Lopez C, Calvin J, Hensley NB. Improvement science supports the timely initiation of amiodarone after complex cardiac surgery to reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation. Can J Anaesth 2023; 70:1865-1869. [PMID: 37884771 DOI: 10.1007/s12630-023-02618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Casas Lopez
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre and St. Joseph's Health Care, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- London Health Sciences Centre, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON, N6A 5A5, Canada.
| | - James Calvin
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nadia B Hensley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Sreepada RS, Chang AC, West NC, Sujan J, Lai B, Poznikoff AK, Munk R, Froese NR, Chen JC, Görges M. Dashboard of Short-Term Postoperative Patient Outcomes for Anesthesiologists: Development and Preliminary Evaluation. JMIR Perioper Med 2023; 6:e47398. [PMID: 37725426 PMCID: PMC10548316 DOI: 10.2196/47398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anesthesiologists require an understanding of their patients' outcomes to evaluate their performance and improve their practice. Traditionally, anesthesiologists had limited information about their surgical outpatients' outcomes due to minimal contact post discharge. Leveraging digital health innovations for analyzing personal and population outcomes may improve perioperative care. BC Children's Hospital's postoperative follow-up registry for outpatient surgeries collects short-term outcomes such as pain, nausea, and vomiting. Yet, these data were previously not available to anesthesiologists. OBJECTIVE This quality improvement study aimed to visualize postoperative outcome data to allow anesthesiologists to reflect on their care and compare their performance with their peers. METHODS The postoperative follow-up registry contains nurse-reported postoperative outcomes, including opioid and antiemetic administration in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU), and family-reported outcomes, including pain, nausea, and vomiting, within 24 hours post discharge. Dashboards were iteratively co-designed with 5 anesthesiologists, and a department-wide usability survey gathered anesthesiologists' feedback on the dashboards, allowing further design improvements. A final dashboard version has been deployed, with data updated weekly. RESULTS The dashboard contains three sections: (1) 24-hour outcomes, (2) PACU outcomes, and (3) a practice profile containing individual anesthesiologist's case mix, grouped by age groups, sex, and surgical service. At the time of evaluation, the dashboard included 24-hour data from 7877 cases collected from September 2020 to February 2023 and PACU data from 8716 cases collected from April 2021 to February 2023. The co-design process and usability evaluation indicated that anesthesiologists preferred simpler designs for data summaries but also required the ability to explore details of specific outcomes and cases if needed. Anesthesiologists considered security and confidentiality to be key features of the design and most deemed the dashboard information useful and potentially beneficial for their practice. CONCLUSIONS We designed and deployed a dynamic, personalized dashboard for anesthesiologists to review their outpatients' short-term postoperative outcomes. This dashboard facilitates personal reflection on individual practice in the context of peer and departmental performance and, hence, the opportunity to evaluate iterative practice changes. Further work is required to establish their effect on improving individual and department performance and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Syamala Sreepada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ai Ching Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nicholas C West
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jonath Sujan
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brendan Lai
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew K Poznikoff
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Munk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Norbert R Froese
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James C Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthias Görges
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Kahn RA, Gal JS, Hofer IS, Wax DB, Villar JI, Levin MA. Visual Analytics to Leverage Anesthesia Electronic Health Record. Anesth Analg 2022; 135:1057-1063. [PMID: 36066480 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visual analytics is the science of analytical reasoning supported by interactive visual interfaces called dashboards. In this report, we describe our experience addressing the challenges in visual analytics of anesthesia electronic health record (EHR) data using a commercially available business intelligence (BI) platform. As a primary outcome, we discuss some performance metrics of the dashboards, and as a secondary outcome, we outline some operational enhancements and financial savings associated with deploying the dashboards. METHODS Data were transferred from the EHR to our departmental servers using several parallel processes. A custom structured query language (SQL) query was written to extract the relevant data fields and to clean the data. Tableau was used to design multiple dashboards for clinical operation, performance improvement, and business management. RESULTS Before deployment of the dashboards, detailed case counts and attributions were available for the operating rooms (ORs) from perioperative services; however, the same level of detail was not available for non-OR locations. Deployment of the yearly case count dashboards provided near-real-time case count information from both central and non-OR locations among multiple campuses, which was not previously available. The visual presentation of monthly data for each year allowed us to recognize seasonality in case volumes and adjust our supply chain to prevent shortages. The dashboards highlighted the systemwide volume of cases in our endoscopy suites, which allowed us to target these supplies for pricing negotiations, with an estimated annual cost savings of $250,000. Our central venous pressure (CVP) dashboard enabled us to provide individual practitioner feedback, thus increasing our monthly CVP checklist compliance from approximately 92% to 99%. CONCLUSIONS The customization and visualization of EHR data are both possible and worthwhile for the leveraging of information into easily comprehensible and actionable data for the improvement of health care provision and practice management. Limitations inherent to EHR data presentation make this customization necessary, and continued open access to the underlying data set is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Kahn
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Ariyo P, Abernathy JH, Hensley NB. Role of Value-Added Care by Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology and Impact on Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022; 26:173-178. [PMID: 35130773 DOI: 10.1177/10892532211048953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The medical community is increasingly aware of the need for high-quality and high-value patient care. Anesthesiologists in particular have long demonstrated leadership in the field of quality and safety. Cardiothoracic anesthesiologists can improve the quality of care delivered to cardiac patients both with anesthesia-specific practices and in a team-based approach with other perioperative care providers. Collecting large volumes of multicentered data to study, measure, and improve anesthesia care is one of the many commitments of cardiothoracic anesthesiologists to this cause. This article reviews this and other aspects of the work of cardiothoracic anesthesiologists to improve value-added care to cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Promise Ariyo
- 1466Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Nadia B Hensley
- 1466Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Ortoleva JP, Cordes CL, Salehi P, Shapeton AD. Predictive Scoring: Should It Tell Us the Odds? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 35:3708-3710. [PMID: 34627710 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamel P Ortoleva
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher L Cordes
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Tufts Medical Center; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Payam Salehi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA
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Zorca SM, Schumann R, Leissner KB, Shapeton AD. Clinical Dashboards and Adherence Tracking: The Good, the Bad, the Future? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 35:2977-2979. [PMID: 34247923 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzana M Zorca
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA
| | - Roman Schumann
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Kay B Leissner
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA
| | - Alexander D Shapeton
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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