1
|
Zulissetiane EF, Irfannuddin M, Putri SSF, Alkaf S, Susilawati S, Marshanda J, Septiany RF, Az-Zahra H, Carroll RG. Empowering Students to Create Their Dramatizations Increases Understanding of Physiology. Adv Physiol Educ 2024. [PMID: 38660715 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00107.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Complex subjects such as physiology can be challenging for students to learn. These challenges are not uncommon in implementing learning process in physiology and affect learning outcomes. Dramatization is an interactive and effective method to improve learning outcomes. In a project designed by senior medical students, junior medical students were guided in creating dramatizations related to three topics. Senior students were trained and assisted to prepare scenarios and making videos. The dramatizations were then carried with junior medical students to help them better understand physiology and pathophysiology topics. A group of junior students receiving the same topics in a lecture format served as a control group. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were used to measure the improvement of learning outcomes. Assessment results showed an increase in performance in both groups. This study shows that dramatizations provide an effective alternative to lecture for instructing junior medical students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Irfannuddin
- Department of Physiology, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia
| | | | - Syifa Alkaf
- Department of Physiology, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia, Indonesia
| | | | - Jihan Marshanda
- Students of Medical Faculty, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Robert G Carroll
- Office of Medical Education, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Johnson SG, Espehaug B, Larun L, Ciliska D, Olsen NR. Occupational Therapy Students' Evidence-Based Practice Skills as Reported in a Mobile App: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Med Educ 2024; 10:e48507. [PMID: 38381475 PMCID: PMC10918542 DOI: 10.2196/48507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an important aspect of the health care education curriculum. EBP involves following the 5 EBP steps: ask, assess, appraise, apply, and audit. These 5 steps reflect the suggested core competencies covered in teaching and learning programs to support future health care professionals applying EBP. When implementing EBP teaching, assessing outcomes by documenting the student's performance and skills is relevant. This can be done using mobile devices. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess occupational therapy students' EBP skills as reported in a mobile app. METHODS We applied a cross-sectional design. Descriptive statistics were used to present frequencies, percentages, means, and ranges of data regarding EBP skills found in the EBPsteps app. Associations between students' ability to formulate the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome/Population, Interest, and Context (PICO/PICo) elements and identifying relevant research evidence were analyzed with the chi-square test. RESULTS Of 4 cohorts with 150 students, 119 (79.3%) students used the app and produced 240 critically appraised topics (CATs) in the app. The EBP steps "ask," "assess," and "appraise" were often correctly performed. The clinical question was formulated correctly in 53.3% (128/240) of the CATs, and students identified research evidence in 81.2% (195/240) of the CATs. Critical appraisal checklists were used in 81.2% (195/240) of the CATs, and most of these checklists were assessed as relevant for the type of research evidence identified (165/195, 84.6%). The least frequently correctly reported steps were "apply" and "audit." In 39.6% (95/240) of the CATs, it was reported that research evidence was applied. Only 61% (58/95) of these CATs described how the research was applied to clinical practice. Evaluation of practice changes was reported in 38.8% (93/240) of the CATs. However, details about practice changes were lacking in all these CATs. A positive association was found between correctly reporting the "population" and "interventions/interest" elements of the PICO/PICo and identifying research evidence (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS We assessed the students' EBP skills based on how they documented following the EBP steps in the EBPsteps app, and our results showed variations in how well the students mastered the steps. "Apply" and "audit" were the most difficult EBP steps for the students to perform, and this finding has implications and gives directions for further development of the app and educational instruction in EBP. The EBPsteps app is a new and relevant app for students to learn and practice EBP, and it can be used to assess students' EBP skills objectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne G Johnson
- Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Birgitte Espehaug
- Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lillebeth Larun
- Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Donna Ciliska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nina Rydland Olsen
- Department of Health and Functioning, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haji Said A, Winskell K, Bednarczyk RA, Reardon EE, Vasudevan L. Interactive Narrative-Based Digital Health Interventions for Vaccine Communication: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e51137. [PMID: 38335024 PMCID: PMC10891492 DOI: 10.2196/51137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interactive narrative-based digital health interventions hold promise for effectively addressing the complex determinants of vaccine hesitancy and promoting effective communication across a wide range of settings and vaccine types. Synthesizing evidence related to the implementation and evaluation of these interventions could offer valuable perspectives for shaping future strategies in vaccine communication. Prior systematic and scoping reviews have examined narrative-based vaccine communication interventions but not the inclusion of interactivity in such interventions. OBJECTIVE The overall objective of the scoping review is to summarize the evidence on the use of interactive narrative-based digital health interventions for vaccine communication. Specific research questions focus on describing the use of interactive narrative-based digital health interventions (RQ1), describing evaluations of the impact of interactive narrative-based digital health interventions on promoting vaccine uptake (RQ2), and factors associated with their implementation (RQ3). METHODS A detailed search string will be used to search the following databases for records that are relevant to the review questions: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts of identified records against the predefined eligibility criteria. Subsequently, eligible records will undergo comprehensive full-text screening by 2 independent reviewers to assess their relevance to review questions. A data charting tool will be developed and used to extract relevant information from the included articles. The extracted information will be analyzed following the review questions and presented as a narrative summary. Tabular or graphical representations will be used to display review findings, as relevant. RESULTS Public health informationists were consulted to develop the detailed search strategy. The final search string comprised terms related to narrative communication, digital health, and vaccines. The search string was customized to each proposed publication database and implemented on April 18, 2023. A total of 4474 unique records were identified using the search strategy and imported into the Covidence (Veritas Health Innovation Ltd) review management software for title and abstract screening. Title and abstract screening of identified records are ongoing as of December 29, 2023. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this will be the first scoping review to investigate the features of interactive narrative-based digital health interventions and their role in vaccine communication. The goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape and identify prevailing gaps in knowledge. The findings will provide insights for future research and development of novel applications of interactive narrative-based digital health vaccine communication interventions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/51137.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Haji Said
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kate Winskell
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Robert A Bednarczyk
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Erin E Reardon
- Woodruff Health Sciences Center Library, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lavanya Vasudevan
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Holderried F, Stegemann-Philipps C, Herschbach L, Moldt JA, Nevins A, Griewatz J, Holderried M, Herrmann-Werner A, Festl-Wietek T, Mahling M. A Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)-Powered Chatbot as a Simulated Patient to Practice History Taking: Prospective, Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Med Educ 2024; 10:e53961. [PMID: 38227363 PMCID: PMC10828948 DOI: 10.2196/53961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communication is a core competency of medical professionals and of utmost importance for patient safety. Although medical curricula emphasize communication training, traditional formats, such as real or simulated patient interactions, can present psychological stress and are limited in repetition. The recent emergence of large language models (LLMs), such as generative pretrained transformer (GPT), offers an opportunity to overcome these restrictions. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of a GPT-driven chatbot to practice history taking, one of the core competencies of communication. METHODS We developed an interactive chatbot interface using GPT-3.5 and a specific prompt including a chatbot-optimized illness script and a behavioral component. Following a mixed methods approach, we invited medical students to voluntarily practice history taking. To determine whether GPT provides suitable answers as a simulated patient, the conversations were recorded and analyzed using quantitative and qualitative approaches. We analyzed the extent to which the questions and answers aligned with the provided script, as well as the medical plausibility of the answers. Finally, the students filled out the Chatbot Usability Questionnaire (CUQ). RESULTS A total of 28 students practiced with our chatbot (mean age 23.4, SD 2.9 years). We recorded a total of 826 question-answer pairs (QAPs), with a median of 27.5 QAPs per conversation and 94.7% (n=782) pertaining to history taking. When questions were explicitly covered by the script (n=502, 60.3%), the GPT-provided answers were mostly based on explicit script information (n=471, 94.4%). For questions not covered by the script (n=195, 23.4%), the GPT answers used 56.4% (n=110) fictitious information. Regarding plausibility, 842 (97.9%) of 860 QAPs were rated as plausible. Of the 14 (2.1%) implausible answers, GPT provided answers rated as socially desirable, leaving role identity, ignoring script information, illogical reasoning, and calculation error. Despite these results, the CUQ revealed an overall positive user experience (77/100 points). CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that LLMs, such as GPT, can provide a simulated patient experience and yield a good user experience and a majority of plausible answers. Our analysis revealed that GPT-provided answers use either explicit script information or are based on available information, which can be understood as abductive reasoning. Although rare, the GPT-based chatbot provides implausible information in some instances, with the major tendency being socially desirable instead of medically plausible information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Holderried
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Lea Herschbach
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia-Astrid Moldt
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrew Nevins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jan Griewatz
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Holderried
- Department of Medical Development, Process and Quality Management, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne Herrmann-Werner
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teresa Festl-Wietek
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Mahling
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Section of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pierce Farrier K, Dowd A, Van Der Volgen J. Interactive Images in Library Instruction: A Case Study. Med Ref Serv Q 2024; 43:82-93. [PMID: 38237022 PMCID: PMC10863974 DOI: 10.1080/02763869.2024.2293444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This paper discusses the design and implementation of the H5P image hotspots and describes additional use cases for library instruction in order to teach learners from across the country on how different spaces can be used to create private, accessible areas where patrons can conduct telehealth appointments. The Network of the National Library of Medicine created an online class using H5P image hotspots to allow learners to virtually explore a physical space. The class used Moodle, an open-source learning platform, and H5P image hotspots to demonstrate how libraries implemented telehealth programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Pierce Farrier
- Network of the National Library of Medicine Region 3, Gibson D. Lewis Library, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Abby Dowd
- Network of the National Library of Medicine Training Office, Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jessi Van Der Volgen
- Network of the National Library of Medicine Training Office, Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen RP, Tang J, Hill Weller LN, Boscardin CK, Ehie OA. The Impact of an Interactive Unconscious Bias Training on Perioperative Learners. J Educ Perioper Med 2024; 26:E721. [PMID: 38516148 PMCID: PMC10954045 DOI: 10.46374/volxxvi_issue1_ehie] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Providers' unconscious biases reinforce health disparities through negative direct patient care and interactions with colleagues. Objective We created a workshop grounded in Critical Race Theory and the importance of different intersectionalities to improve medical trainees' self-assessment of their implicit biases in curated facilitated spaces. Methods A total of 44 UCSF first-year clinical anesthesiology residents (CA-1) (95% response rate) and 23 surgery residents in their research year (77% response rate) participated in this workshop over 4 separate sessions in September 2020 and 2021. Quantitative data from a pre-/post-workshop survey was analyzed via a paired t test to evaluate our workshop's effectiveness. Feedback on efficacy was obtained by coding themes from our survey's open-ended questions. Results The workshop was evaluated positively by a total of 65 of 67 participants in the post-workshop survey. On a 5-point Likert scale, participants self-reported they agreed that their unconscious biases affect their clinical interactions from a pre-workshop mean of 3.3 (SD ± 1.32) to a post-workshop mean of 3.9 (SD ± 0.87, P = .008). Conclusion Our findings suggest that this workshop was effective for perioperative residents and can be extrapolated to all residents by tailoring the workshop to their respective work environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca P. Chen
- The authors are at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, CA. Rebecca P. Chen and Janette Tang are Medical Students in the School of Medicine. LaMisha N. Hill Weller is Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of OB/GYN. Christy K. Boscardin is Professor in the Department of Medicine and Anesthesia. Odinakachukwu A. Ehie is Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
| | - Janette Tang
- The authors are at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, CA. Rebecca P. Chen and Janette Tang are Medical Students in the School of Medicine. LaMisha N. Hill Weller is Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of OB/GYN. Christy K. Boscardin is Professor in the Department of Medicine and Anesthesia. Odinakachukwu A. Ehie is Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
| | - LaMisha N. Hill Weller
- The authors are at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, CA. Rebecca P. Chen and Janette Tang are Medical Students in the School of Medicine. LaMisha N. Hill Weller is Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of OB/GYN. Christy K. Boscardin is Professor in the Department of Medicine and Anesthesia. Odinakachukwu A. Ehie is Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
| | - Christy K. Boscardin
- The authors are at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, CA. Rebecca P. Chen and Janette Tang are Medical Students in the School of Medicine. LaMisha N. Hill Weller is Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of OB/GYN. Christy K. Boscardin is Professor in the Department of Medicine and Anesthesia. Odinakachukwu A. Ehie is Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
| | - Odinakachukwu A. Ehie
- The authors are at the University of California, San Francisco, in San Francisco, CA. Rebecca P. Chen and Janette Tang are Medical Students in the School of Medicine. LaMisha N. Hill Weller is Adjunct Associate Professor in the Department of OB/GYN. Christy K. Boscardin is Professor in the Department of Medicine and Anesthesia. Odinakachukwu A. Ehie is Clinical Associate Professor in the Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Holuszko OM, Abdulcadir J, Abbott D, Clancy J. Health Care Providers' Readiness to Adopt an Interactive 3D Web App in Consultations About Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: Qualitative Evaluation of a Prototype. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e44696. [PMID: 37768712 PMCID: PMC10570893 DOI: 10.2196/44696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive and appropriate health care provision to women and girls with female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is lacking. Use of visuals in health care provider (HCP) consultations facilitates the communication of health information and its comprehension by patients. A web app featuring a 3D visualization of the genitourinary anatomy was developed to support HCPs in conferring clinical information about FGM/C to patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore HCP perspectives on the use of visuals in discussion about FGM/C with their patients as well as to obtain their feedback on whether an interactive 3D web app showing the genitourinary anatomy would be helpful in patient consultations about FGM/C, identifying key features that are relevant to their clinical practice. METHODS We evaluated the web app through a semistructured interview protocol with seven HCPs from various disciplines experienced in care for women and girls with FGM/C in migration-destination settings. Interviews were audio- and video-recorded for transcription, and were then analyzed thematically for contextualized data regarding HCPs' willingness to use a 3D web app visualizing anatomy in FGM/C consultations with patients. RESULTS All but one of the seven participants expressed keen interest in using this web app and its 3D visuals of anatomy in FGM/C consultations with patients. Participants shared the common contexts for the use of visuals in health care for FGM/C and the concepts they are used to support, such as to help describe a patient's genitals after FGM/C and reinforce an understanding of clitoral anatomy, to illustrate the process of defibulation, or to explain the physiological effects of FGM/C. Participants also highlighted the benefit of using visuals that patients can relate to, expressing approval for the ability to customize the vulva by FGM/C subtype, skin tone, and complexity of the visual shown in the web app. Despite critiques that the visualization may serve to perpetuate idealistic standards for how a vulva should look, participants largely agreed on the web app's perceived usefulness to clinical practice and beyond. CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of the web app developed in this study identified that digital tools with 3D models of the genitourinary anatomy that are accessible, informative, and customizable to any specific patient are likely to aid HCPs in communicating clinical information about FGM/C in consultations. Universal access to the web app may be particularly useful for HCPs with less experience in FGM/C. The app also prompts options for applications such as for personal use, in medical education, in patient medical records, or in legal settings. Further qualitative research with patients is required to confirm that adoption of the web app by HCPs in a consultation setting will indeed benefit patient care for women and girls with FGM/C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia May Holuszko
- School of Simulation & Visualisation, Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jasmine Abdulcadir
- Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daisy Abbott
- School of Simulation & Visualisation, Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Clancy
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sreepada RS, Chang AC, West NC, Sujan J, Lai B, Poznikoff AK, Munk R, Froese NR, Chen JC, Görges M. Dashboard of Short-Term Postoperative Patient Outcomes for Anesthesiologists: Development and Preliminary Evaluation. JMIR Perioper Med 2023; 6:e47398. [PMID: 37725426 PMCID: PMC10548316 DOI: 10.2196/47398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anesthesiologists require an understanding of their patients' outcomes to evaluate their performance and improve their practice. Traditionally, anesthesiologists had limited information about their surgical outpatients' outcomes due to minimal contact post discharge. Leveraging digital health innovations for analyzing personal and population outcomes may improve perioperative care. BC Children's Hospital's postoperative follow-up registry for outpatient surgeries collects short-term outcomes such as pain, nausea, and vomiting. Yet, these data were previously not available to anesthesiologists. OBJECTIVE This quality improvement study aimed to visualize postoperative outcome data to allow anesthesiologists to reflect on their care and compare their performance with their peers. METHODS The postoperative follow-up registry contains nurse-reported postoperative outcomes, including opioid and antiemetic administration in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU), and family-reported outcomes, including pain, nausea, and vomiting, within 24 hours post discharge. Dashboards were iteratively co-designed with 5 anesthesiologists, and a department-wide usability survey gathered anesthesiologists' feedback on the dashboards, allowing further design improvements. A final dashboard version has been deployed, with data updated weekly. RESULTS The dashboard contains three sections: (1) 24-hour outcomes, (2) PACU outcomes, and (3) a practice profile containing individual anesthesiologist's case mix, grouped by age groups, sex, and surgical service. At the time of evaluation, the dashboard included 24-hour data from 7877 cases collected from September 2020 to February 2023 and PACU data from 8716 cases collected from April 2021 to February 2023. The co-design process and usability evaluation indicated that anesthesiologists preferred simpler designs for data summaries but also required the ability to explore details of specific outcomes and cases if needed. Anesthesiologists considered security and confidentiality to be key features of the design and most deemed the dashboard information useful and potentially beneficial for their practice. CONCLUSIONS We designed and deployed a dynamic, personalized dashboard for anesthesiologists to review their outpatients' short-term postoperative outcomes. This dashboard facilitates personal reflection on individual practice in the context of peer and departmental performance and, hence, the opportunity to evaluate iterative practice changes. Further work is required to establish their effect on improving individual and department performance and patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rama Syamala Sreepada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ai Ching Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Nicholas C West
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jonath Sujan
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Brendan Lai
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew K Poznikoff
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Munk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Norbert R Froese
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James C Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthias Görges
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Research Institute, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guo Y, Liu Y, Sun W, Yu S, Han XJ, Qu XH, Wang G. Digital twin-driven dynamic monitoring system of the upper limb force. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37713212 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2023.2254881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Digital twin represents the core technology to realize the dynamic monitoring of complex industrial systems. However, the human body, as the most complex system in the physical world, digital twin is rarely applied in it. In this study, we successfully demonstrated a digital twin in the human biomedical application by proposing a dynamic monitoring system of the upper limb force. In this system, the real upper limb drives the motion of the virtual one in real-time and dynamically updates the force. Meanwhile, the virtual upper limb feeds back the monitoring-results of the force to the controller of the real upper limb via immersive virtual reality interaction. Experimental results of the typical motions of the upper limb revealed that the proposed system functioned interactively in real-time in a non-invasive manner, while ensuring the accurate solving of the muscle force. In conclusion, our digital twin-driven system is of great importance for rehabilitation medicine, biomechanical scientific research and physical training, promoting the application of the digital twin in the human biomedical field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Guo
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenxuan Sun
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Han
- Institute of Geriatrics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital & The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital & the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hui Qu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital & the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tuma F, Shchatsko A, Kamel M, Vyskocil J, Blebea J. Audience Response System (ARS) Use in the SCORE (Surgical Council on Resident Education) Surgery Training Curriculum: A Mixed Methodology Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e44721. [PMID: 38053581 PMCID: PMC10695001 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Audience Response Systems (ARS) could help overcome the limitations of traditional lectures by providing interactivity, engagement, and assessment. The perception of ARS use in surgical education is not well documented. Objective Examine the use of an ARS in teaching This Week In SCORE (Surgical Council on Resident Education)sessions to general surgery residents and medical students. Methods ARS was used at weekly SCORE question sessions in a new general surgery residency program by four residents, 97 medical students, and 20 faculty. The study employed a mixed quantitative and qualitative method: two separate 10-question surveys for faculty and trainees (49% response rate) and a focus group discussion that included one faculty member, two residents, and two students. Results In 85 (85%) responses, the faculty favored the use of ARS in SCORE. Among the total of 510 responses from 51 residents and students, 57% agreed with the favorable use of ARS, while 28% were neutral and, in 14% of cases, negative. A greater proportion of faculty and learners preferred ARS over traditional lectures. The focus group content analysis showed a positive effect and preference from learners and faculty. Engagement, thinking stimulation, and group participation were the most common positive comments. No significant negative influence on ARS use was reported. Conclusions The use of an ARS in This Week In SCORE sessions were preferred by most of the faculty and a majority of learners. The benefits are ease of use and stimulation of discussion. ARS has the potential for more widespread utilization in additional educational settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiz Tuma
- Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, USA
| | | | - Mohamed Kamel
- Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, USA
| | - Joseph Vyskocil
- Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, USA
| | - John Blebea
- Surgery, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kai L, Tan WH, Saari EM. Dimensions of Interactive Pervasive Game Design: Systematic Review. JMIR Serious Games 2023; 11:e42878. [PMID: 37463860 PMCID: PMC10481219 DOI: 10.2196/42878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the gaming industry grows around the world, playing pervasive games is becoming an important mode of entertainment. A pervasive game is one in which the game experience extends into the actual world or where the fictive world of the game merges with the physical world. How pervasive games can adapt to the ever-changing nature of technology and design in current society requires a comprehensive review. OBJECTIVE In this systematic review, we aimed to measure and analyze 4 dimensions of pervasive games through development, technology, experience, and evaluation. Moreover, we also aimed to discover and interpret their relationship with game, interaction, experience, and service design. METHODS We first chose 3 well-known databases, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO, and searched from 2013 to April 2022. A strictly thorough Boolean search for research keywords such as "pervasive game," "design," and "interactive" resulted in 394 relevant articles. These articles were identified, screened, and checked for eligibility to find valid and useful articles, which were then categorized and analyzed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method. RESULTS The systematic selection was finally left with 40 valid and valuable articles. After categorization and analysis, all articles were classified according to 4 main themes, which were design and development (11/40, 28%), interaction and technology (15/40, 38%), users and experience (9/40, 23%), and evaluation and service (5/40, 13%). These 4 main areas can be subdivided into several smaller areas. CONCLUSIONS In the 4 areas of game design, interaction design, experience design, and service design, many scholars have studied pervasive games and made contributions. Although the development and technology of pervasive games have evolved with the times, there is still a need to strengthen emerging design concepts within pervasive games.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Kai
- School of Art and Design, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, China
- Faculty of Art, Sustainability and Creative Industry, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
| | - Wee Hoe Tan
- De Institute of Creative Arts and Design, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Serious Games Association, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Erni Marlina Saari
- Faculty of Computing and Meta-Technology, Sultan Idris Education University, Tanjong Malim, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang Y, Sarfraz I, Pervaiz N, Hong R, Koga Y, Akavoor V, Cao X, Alabdullatif S, Zaib SA, Wang Z, Jansen F, Yajima M, Johnson WE, Campbell JD. Interactive analysis of single-cell data using flexible workflows with SCTK2. Patterns (N Y) 2023; 4:100814. [PMID: 37602214 PMCID: PMC10436054 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data can reveal novel insights into the heterogeneity of complex biological systems. Many tools and workflows have been developed to perform different types of analyses. However, these tools are spread across different packages or programming environments, rely on different underlying data structures, and can only be utilized by people with knowledge of programming languages. In the Single-Cell Toolkit 2 (SCTK2), we have integrated a variety of popular tools and workflows to perform various aspects of scRNA-seq analysis. All tools and workflows can be run in the R console or using an intuitive graphical user interface built with R/Shiny. HTML reports generated with Rmarkdown can be used to document and recapitulate individual steps or entire analysis workflows. We show that the toolkit offers more features when compared with existing tools and allows for a seamless analysis of scRNA-seq data for non-computational users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wang
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Irzam Sarfraz
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nida Pervaiz
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rui Hong
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuke Koga
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vidya Akavoor
- Software & Application Innovation Lab, Rafik B. Hariri Institute for Computing and Computational Science and Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinyun Cao
- Software & Application Innovation Lab, Rafik B. Hariri Institute for Computing and Computational Science and Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Salam Alabdullatif
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Syed Ali Zaib
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frederick Jansen
- Software & Application Innovation Lab, Rafik B. Hariri Institute for Computing and Computational Science and Engineering, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masanao Yajima
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W. Evan Johnson
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D. Campbell
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim K, Xie N, Hammersmith L, Berrocal Y, Roni MA. Impact of Virtual Reality on Pharmacology Education: A Pilot Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e43411. [PMID: 37706136 PMCID: PMC10496858 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Virtual reality (VR) is a powerful tool in health professional education. It has been successfully implemented in various domains of education with positive learning outcomes. The three-dimensional (3D) visualization offered by VR can potentially be applied to learn complex pharmacology topics. This study aims to investigate whether VR technology can improve the learning of complex pharmacological concepts. Methods A VR learning module on cardiovascular drugs was developed using Kern's six-step framework. 32 medical students participated in the pilot study. Their pharmacology knowledge was assessed using pre- and post-intervention tests. Additionally, feedback from the participants were collected through a post-intervention survey that assessed learner satisfaction, ease of use, perceived usefulness, quality of visual elements, intention to use, and comfort level during the VR experience. Results Participants scored significantly higher in the post-intervention test than in the pre-intervention test (p <0.05). A majority of the participants (90%) were satisfied with the VR module, finding it easy to use, and time efficient. A minority of participants (15%) preferred a traditional learning format while some participants (20%) experienced discomfort in VR. Conclusion Our findings suggest that VR enhances pharmacology knowledge in medical students and is well-received as an innovative educational tool. By providing immersive 3D visualization of complex drug actions, VR has the potential to transform pharmacology education into an engaging and effective learning experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Kim
- Health Sciences Education and Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, Peoria, USA
| | - Nicholas Xie
- Health Sciences Education and Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, Peoria, USA
| | - Leslie Hammersmith
- Health Sciences Education and Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, Peoria, USA
| | - Yerko Berrocal
- Foundational Sciences, Alice L. Walton School of Medicine, Bentonville, USA
| | - Monzurul A Roni
- Health Sciences Education and Pathology, University of Illinois Chicago, Peoria, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Moore ME, Courville EL, Prakash S, Brown LE, Beck RC, Qualtieri JN, Siddon AJ, Wake LM. An interactive e-learning module on peripheral blood smear analysis is an effective option for teaching pathology trainees. Am J Clin Pathol 2023; 160:150-156. [PMID: 36905942 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compares the effectiveness of an interactive e-learning module with a traditional text-based method for teaching peripheral blood smear analysis. METHODS Pathology trainees at Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education residency programs were asked to participate. Participants completed a multiple-choice test on peripheral blood smear findings. Trainees were randomized into completing an e-learning module or a PDF reading exercise with the same educational content. Respondents rated their experience and completed a postintervention test composed of the same questions. RESULTS In total, 28 participants completed the study; 21 improved their score in the posttest (mean, 21.6 correct answers) compared with the pretest (19.8; P < .001). This improvement was seen in both the PDF (n = 19) and interactive (n = 9) groups, with no difference in performance between the 2 groups. Trainees with less clinical hematopathology experience showed a trend of having the largest performance improvement. Most participants completed the exercise within 1 hour, rated the exercise as easy to navigate, were engaged, and reported learning new information about peripheral blood smear analysis. All participants indicated that they would likely complete a similar exercise in the future. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that e-learning is an effective tool for hematopathology education and equivalent to traditional narrative-based methods. This module could easily be incorporated into a curriculum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Moore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, US
| | - Elizabeth L Courville
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, US
| | - Sonam Prakash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, US
| | - Laura E Brown
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, US
| | | | | | - Alexa J Siddon
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, US
| | - Laura M Wake
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital/University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee J, Hadfield J, Black A, Sibley TR, Neher RA, Bedford T, Huddleston J. Joint visualization of seasonal influenza serology and phylogeny to inform vaccine composition. Front Bioinform 2023; 3:1069487. [PMID: 37035035 PMCID: PMC10073671 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1069487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccines must be updated regularly to account for mutations that allow influenza viruses to escape our existing immunity. A successful vaccine should represent the genetic diversity of recently circulating viruses and induce antibodies that effectively prevent infection by those recent viruses. Thus, linking the genetic composition of circulating viruses and the serological experimental results measuring antibody efficacy is crucial to the vaccine design decision. Historically, genetic and serological data have been presented separately in the form of static visualizations of phylogenetic trees and tabular serological results to identify vaccine candidates. To simplify this decision-making process, we have created an interactive tool for visualizing serological data that has been integrated into Nextstrain's real-time phylogenetic visualization framework, Auspice. We show how the combined interactive visualizations may be used by decision makers to explore the relationships between complex data sets for both prospective vaccine virus selection and retrospectively exploring the performance of vaccine viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jover Lee
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - James Hadfield
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Allison Black
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Thomas R. Sibley
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Richard A. Neher
- Biozentrum, Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - John Huddleston
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fan T, Wang X, Song X, Zhao G, Zhang Z. Research Status and Emerging Trends in Virtual Reality Rehabilitation: Bibliometric and Knowledge Graph Study. JMIR Serious Games 2023; 11:e41091. [PMID: 36877556 PMCID: PMC10028519 DOI: 10.2196/41091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual reality (VR) technology has been widely used in rehabilitation training because of its immersive, interactive, and imaginative features. A comprehensive bibliometric review is required to help researchers focus on future directions based on the new definitions of VR technologies in rehabilitation, which reveal new situations and requirements. OBJECTIVE Herein, we aimed to summarize effective research methods for and potential innovative approaches to VR rehabilitation by evaluating publications from various countries to encourage research on efficient strategies to improve VR rehabilitation. METHODS The SCIE (Science Citation Index Expanded) database was searched on January 20, 2022, for publications related to the application of VR technology in rehabilitation research. We found 1617 papers, and we created a clustered network, using the 46,116 references cited in the papers. CiteSpace V (Drexel University) and VOSviewer (Leiden University) were used to identify countries, institutions, journals, keywords, cocited references, and research hot spots. RESULTS A total of 63 countries and 1921 institutes have contributed publications. The United States of America has taken the leading position in this field; it has the highest number of publications; the highest h-index; and the largest collaborative network, which includes other countries. The reference clusters of SCIE papers were divided into the following nine categories: kinematics, neurorehabilitation, brain injury, exergames, aging, motor rehabilitation, mobility, cerebral palsy, and exercise intensity. The research frontiers were represented by the following keywords: video games (2017-2021), and young adults (2018-2021). CONCLUSIONS Our study comprehensively assesses the current research state of VR rehabilitation and analyzes the current research hot spots and future trends in the field, with the aims of providing resources for more intensive investigation and encouraging more researchers to further develop VR rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Fan
- Department of Computer, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobei Wang
- Department of General Practice, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxi Song
- Liaoning Education Informatization Construction Center, LiaoNing Institute of Education, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Health Promotion, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhichang Zhang
- Department of Computer, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Battaje A, Brock O, Rolfs M. An interactive motion perception tool for kindergarteners (and vision scientists). Iperception 2023; 14:20416695231159182. [PMID: 37008832 PMCID: PMC10064475 DOI: 10.1177/20416695231159182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We implement Adelson and Bergen's spatiotemporal energy model with extension to three-dimensional (x-y-t) in an interactive tool. It helps gain an easy understanding of early (first-order) visual motion perception. We demonstrate its usefulness in explaining an assortment of phenomena, including some that are typically not associated with the spatiotemporal energy model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Battaje
- Aravind Battaje, Robotics and Biology Laboratory, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kukafka R, Logger JGM, Nelen WLDM, Braat DDM, Fleischer K, Hermens RPM. Web-based Guidance for Assisted Reproductive Technology With an Online App (myFertiCare): Quantitative Evaluation With the HOT-fit Framework. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e38535. [PMID: 36692928 PMCID: PMC9906312 DOI: 10.2196/38535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are considered to be physically and mentally stressful. During their treatment trajectory, couples express high information and communication needs. They appreciate using the internet to obtain fertility-related information. In a previous study, we developed myFertiCare, an eHealth tool providing personalized information and interactive functionalities for infertile couples in order to improve patient-centered care. The app has already been successful in qualitative evaluations of usability. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to quantitatively evaluate the implementation of myFertiCare by using the human, organizational, and technology-fit (HOT-fit) framework and to study the effects of using myFertiCare on couples' knowledge about infertility, their experience of the burden of infertility, and their experience of patient-centered care. With these results, implementation can be further improved, and patient-centered care can be enhanced. METHODS A quantitative study was performed based on the HOT-fit framework using validated questionnaires focusing on the human, organizational, and technology domains. Questions were added on the effect of using myFertiCare on couples' knowledge about infertility and treatment. Questions regarding the burden of infertility, the burden of infertility treatment, and the experience of patient-centeredness were based on the main items of the validated fertility quality of life (FertiQoL) and Patient-Centredness Questionnaire-Infertility questionnaires, respectively. Also, nonusers of the app were included to explore motivations for not using the app and identify opportunities for improvement. Finally, user data were analyzed to provide insight into multiple variables concerning app use. RESULTS In the human and technology domains, myFertiCare showed good system usability, high user satisfaction, and high information and interface quality. In the organizational domain, implementation was considered to be sufficient by both patients and staff. Use of the app increased knowledge about the treatment, improved coping with the treatment, and enhanced the experience of patient-centeredness. User data showed that women were the main app users and that use of the app gradually declined during the treatment trajectory. CONCLUSIONS A multi-faceted online app, myFertiCare, has been successfully evaluated quantitatively for implementation by using the HOT-fit framework. Use of the app increased knowledge about the treatment, improved coping with the treatment, and enhanced the experience of patient-centeredness. App use could be improved by creating more publicity. By providing myFertiCare, professionals in fertility care are supported in guiding patients through their treatment trajectory and in delivering patient-centered care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jade G M Logger
- Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Willianne L D M Nelen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Didi D M Braat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Fleischer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rosella P M Hermens
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Valero-Ramon Z, Fernandez-Llatas C, Collantes G, Valdivieso B, Billis A, Bamidis P, Traver V. Analytical exploratory tool for healthcare professionals to monitor cancer patients' progress. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1043411. [PMID: 36698423 PMCID: PMC9869047 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1043411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer is a primary public concern in the European continent. Due to the large case numbers and survival rates, a significant population is living with cancer needs. Consequently, health professionals must deal with complex treatment decision-making processes. In this context, a large quantity of data is collected during cancer care delivery. Once collected, these data are complex for health professionals to access to support clinical decision-making and performance review. There is a need for innovative tools that make clinical data more accessible to support cancer health professionals in these activities. Methods Following a co-creation, an interactive approach thanks to the Interactive Process Mining paradigm, and data from a tertiary hospital, we developed an exploratory tool to present cancer patients' progress over time. Results This work aims to collect and report the process of developing an exploratory analytical Interactive Process Mining tool with clinical relevance for healthcare professionals for monitoring cancer patients' care processes in the context of the LifeChamps project together with a graphical and navigable Process Indicator in the context of prostate cancer patients. Discussion The tool presented includes Process Mining techniques to infer actual processes and present understandable results visually and navigable, looking for different types of patients, trajectories, and behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Valero-Ramon
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies - Technological Innovation for Health and Well-being (ITACA-SABIEN), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain,*Correspondence: Zoe Valero-Ramon,
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Llatas
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies - Technological Innovation for Health and Well-being (ITACA-SABIEN), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Antonis Billis
- Lab of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Bamidis
- Lab of Medical Physics and Digital Innovation, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vicente Traver
- Institute of Information and Communication Technologies - Technological Innovation for Health and Well-being (ITACA-SABIEN), Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Leung T, Musili M, Eastes K, Oyungu E, McHenry MS. Creating the Map of Interactive Services Aiding and Assisting Persons With Disabilities (MSAADA) Project: Tutorial for the Novel Use of a Store Locator App. Interact J Med Res 2022; 11:e37036. [PMID: 36480245 PMCID: PMC9782326 DOI: 10.2196/37036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An estimated 15% of the global population is living with a disability. In Kenya, children with disabilities remain among the most vulnerable populations, experiencing substantial barriers to wellness and inclusion. Smartphone ownership and internet access have been increasing across sub-Saharan Africa, including in Kenya. Despite these advances, online or mobile resources remain limited and difficult to find and navigate. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to describe the novel use of a store locator app to develop an interactive map of organizations that provide medical, educational, and socioeconomic resources to individuals with disabilities in Kenya. The target audience is individuals with disabilities, medical professionals, and organization leaders. METHODS A comprehensive list of organizations, government county offices, educational assessment and resource centers, and institutions was compiled. Organizations were contacted via email, WhatsApp, or in person for semistructured interviews. Based on the services offered, each organization was assigned categorical search tags. The data were entered into a third-party store locator app. The resulting map was inserted into a page on the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) website. RESULTS The Map of Interactive Services Aiding and Assisting Persons With Disabilities (MSAADA; this abbreviation is also Swahili for "help") was launched in July 2020 in both English and Swahili. The map included 89 organizations across Kenya. Of these, 51 were reached for an interview (for a 57% response rate). Interviewees cited limited paid staff and dependence on grant-based funding as primary challenges to growth and sustainability. CONCLUSIONS MSAADA is an interactive, virtual map that aims to connect individuals with disabilities, medical professionals, and organization leaders to resources in Kenya. The novel use of a store locator app to compile resources in remote settings has the potential to improve access to health care for a wide variety of specialties and patient populations. Innovators in global health should consider the use of store locator apps to connect individuals to resources in regions with limited mapping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kaytlin Eastes
- Center for Global Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Eren Oyungu
- Department of Medical Physiology, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya.,Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Megan S McHenry
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare, Eldoret, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Voutilainen A, Brester C, Kolehmainen M, Tuomainen TP. Epidemiological analysis of coronary heart disease and its main risk factors: are their associations multiplicative, additive, or interactive? Ann Med 2022; 54:1500-1510. [PMID: 35603961 PMCID: PMC9132387 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2078875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to discover how considering multiplicative, additive, and interactive effects modifies results of a prospective cohort study on coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and its main risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study provided the study material, 2682 Eastern Finnish middle-aged men, followed since the 1980s. We applied multiplicative and additive survival models together with different statistical metrics and confidence intervals for risk ratios and risk differences to estimate the nature of associations. RESULTS The mean (SD) follow-up time among men who were free of CHD at baseline (n = 1958) was 21.4 (10.4) years, and 717 (37%) of them had the disease and 301 (15%) died for CHD before the end of follow-up. All tested non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors statistically significantly predicted CHD incidence. We detected three interactions: circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) × age, obesity × age, and obesity × smoking of which LDL-C × age was the most evident one. High LDL-C increased the risk of CHD more among men younger than 50 [risk ratio (RR) 2.10] than those older than 50 (RR 1.22). LDL-C status was the only additive covariate. The additive effect of high LDL-C increased almost linearly up to 18 years and then reached a plateau. The simple multiplicative survival model stressed glycemic status as the strongest modifiable risk factor for developing CHD [hazard ratio (HR) for diabetes vs. normoglycemia was 2.69], whereas the model considering interactions and time dependence emphasised the role of LDL-C status (HR for high LDL-C vs. lower than borderline was 4.43). Age was the strongest non-modifiable predictor. CONCLUSIONS Including covariate interactions and time dependence in survival models potentially refine results of epidemiological analyses and ease to define the order of importance across CHD risk factors. KEY MESSAGESIncluding covariate interactions and time dependence in survival models potentially refine results of epidemiological analyses on coronary heart disease.Including covariate interactions and time dependence in survival models potentially ease to define the order of importance across coronary heart disease risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christina Brester
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko Kolehmainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li Y, Liu X, Du X, Shen J. Improvement of students' enthusiasm by introduction of barrage into online teaching during COVID-19 pandemic. Biochem Mol Biol Educ 2022; 50:600-604. [PMID: 36073716 PMCID: PMC9538586 DOI: 10.1002/bmb.21668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic results in the turning from offline teaching to online teaching. Students enjoy short videos and like barrage during the pandemic. We found that the introduction of barrage into online teaching is of great help to improve the students' attention and enthusiasm. In order to verify the correctness of this conjecture, we launched a questionnaire survey. According to the preliminary conclusions, we found that student's think that such adaption is not only interesting, but also can promote the interaction, and therefore improve the learning effect. It should conform to the trend of teaching development in the new era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- College of Artificial IntelligenceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xingyou Liu
- College of Artificial IntelligenceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaojing Du
- College of Artificial IntelligenceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jie Shen
- College of Artificial IntelligenceHangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Amin SM, Mahrous ES, Alrimawi I, Elbialy AA. The effectiveness of an interactive digital-based educational program in improving breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy among primiparous women in Egypt. Afr J Reprod Health 2022; 26:79-91. [PMID: 37585136 DOI: 10.29063/ajrh2022/v26i11.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition is the main cause of two-thirds of deaths among Egyptian under five children, which could be due to reduced rates of breastfeeding, as it is one of the contributing factors. Breastfeeding is the optimal solution for health promotion to mothers and their infants. It has various benefits not only for the mother and infant but also for society. Breastfeeding educational programs are essential for the enhancement of knowledge and self-efficacy of new mothers, and to ensure a longer duration of breastfeeding. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of an interactive digital-based educational program about breastfeeding on the knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of primiparous women in Egypt. A quasi-experimental study design was adopted. The study was held in Itay El-baroud maternal and child health center, whereby 120 pregnant women were purposively selected. Then, they were randomly assigned to either a study group (60) or control group (60). The derived data were statistically analysed using SPSS version 20, Pearson correlation coefficient, chi-square test and independent sample t test were utilized. Four tools were utilized for data collection. A statistically significant mean difference was found concerning total breastfeeding knowledge scores after one month and three months. The total attitude and self-efficacy scores showed highly statistically significant differences after one month and three months from the start of the program. Moreover, breastfeeding self-efficacy was found to be positively correlated with knowledge and attitude. In conclusion, the interactive digital-based educational program about breastfeeding was suggested to be effective in enhancing the knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy of the primiparous women, in combination with other health education activities. Therefore, it is recommended that web-based educational sites are created for first-time mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Mohamed Amin
- Lecturer of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Egypt
| | - Ebtsam S Mahrous
- Assistant Professor of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Egypt
| | - Intima Alrimawi
- Associate Professor, Public health, School of Nursing, Georgetown University, 3700 Reservoir Road Northwest, Washington, D.C. 20057, United State of America
| | - Amira A Elbialy
- Lecturer of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Trimpl MJ, Primakov S, Lambin P, Stride EPJ, Vallis KA, Gooding MJ. Beyond automatic medical image segmentation-the spectrum between fully manual and fully automatic delineation. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [PMID: 35523158 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac6d9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Semi-automatic and fully automatic contouring tools have emerged as an alternative to fully manual segmentation to reduce time spent contouring and to increase contour quality and consistency. Particularly, fully automatic segmentation has seen exceptional improvements through the use of deep learning in recent years. These fully automatic methods may not require user interactions, but the resulting contours are often not suitable to be used in clinical practice without a review by the clinician. Furthermore, they need large amounts of labelled data to be available for training. This review presents alternatives to manual or fully automatic segmentation methods along the spectrum of variable user interactivity and data availability. The challenge lies to determine how much user interaction is necessary and how this user interaction can be used most effectively. While deep learning is already widely used for fully automatic tools, interactive methods are just at the starting point to be transformed by it. Interaction between clinician and machine, via artificial intelligence, can go both ways and this review will present the avenues that are being pursued to improve medical image segmentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Trimpl
- Mirada Medical Ltd, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey Primakov
- The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NL, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The D-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, NL, The Netherlands
| | - Eleanor P J Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A Vallis
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Alshareef M. CASCADE your teaching session! Adv Physiol Educ 2022; 46:279-281. [PMID: 35239429 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00082.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Medical education has seen a shift toward interactive teaching in small groups that actively involves students in learning. However, didactic teaching, despite drawbacks such as student isolation and low stimulation of critical thinking, is still a very commonly used teaching method. For didactic teaching to be effective, teachers must possess strategies and skills that enable them to teach effectively in large groups and increase students' knowledge retention. This can be achieved if class sessions are planned in advance with the aim of making them interactive and engaging with all students. In the following article, I write about my experiences using the CASCADE method, an acronym of the words "create," "assess," "sequence," "charisma," "activate," "discussion," and "e-device," which creates interactive didactic sessions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maram Alshareef
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Health, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Román-Kustas JK, Redline EM, Mowry CD. "Did you eat a MOLEcule today?" An Interactive Demonstration of Molecular Weight with Real-Time Breath Analysis Using Mass Spectrometry for All Ages. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2022; 33:1081-1085. [PMID: 35473300 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although mass spectrometry is a widely used analytical tool, age-appropriate, interactive outreach activities for laboratory visitors, especially children, are lacking. The presented interactive demonstration, "Did you eat a MOLEcule today?", introduces all ages to molecular weight concepts and mass spectrometry in a research laboratory, while connecting the concepts to real-world applications. Through real-time breath analysis, participants explore the concepts of molecular weight, electrostatic field manipulation of charged molecules, and analyte identification by mass analysis. This module is rapid and highly adaptable for outreach activities but also includes age- or classroom-appropriate variations to decrease or increase difficulty levels. The presented interactive demonstration has repeatedly been implemented, with over 2300 participants during six annual "Take Our Daughters & Sons to Work Day" and two corporate "Family Day" outreach activities, successfully engaging, exciting, and educating both kids and parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Román-Kustas
- Materials Reliability Group, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, United States
| | - Erica M Redline
- Organic Materials Science, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, United States
| | - Curtis D Mowry
- Materials Reliability Group, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lööf G, Lönnqvist P. Role of information and preparation for improvement of pediatric perioperative care. Paediatr Anaesth 2022; 32:600-608. [PMID: 35167154 PMCID: PMC9311830 DOI: 10.1111/pan.14419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The perioperative period is a significant and stressful experience that may cause negative consequences in children, both in a short-term and long-term perspective. Despite a wide base of evidence stating the importance of adequate preparation to reduce anxiety, improve coping, cooperation and enhance recovery, many children continue to report that they feel unprepared for their perioperative experience. To secure children's right to request and need for preparation, the content, format, and availability of existing programs need to be scrutinized. Preparation programs in perioperative care must change from simply providing information to embracing the importance of children's need to process the information provided in order to learn and understand. Interactive web-based technology can function as a significant resource for preparation of children for perioperative procedures. By changing perspective from children's need for information to their need for learning and by developing preparation programs including adequate educational principles, web-based technology can be used to its fullest advantage as a healthcare learning and preparation resource.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gunilla Lööf
- Paediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive CareKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden,Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and EthicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Per‐Arne Lönnqvist
- Paediatric Perioperative Medicine and Intensive CareKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden,Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Livingstone KM, Milte CM, Macfarlane S, Woods J, Booth A. The Design and Evaluation of Online Interactive Learning in an Undergraduate Nutrition Course. Front Nutr 2022; 9:811103. [PMID: 35369053 PMCID: PMC8965005 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.811103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding factors that promote student engagement with online learning environments is important for benchmarking and improving the quality of teaching in a digital era. This study aimed to describe the online interactive content created for delivery of an undergraduate nutrition course and to evaluate student engagement with the online interactive content. We collected online questionnaire data in 2018 and 2019 from two cohorts of students enrolled in a Deakin University undergraduate nutrition unit. Two-sample unpaired t-tests were used to examine differences in participant engagement with online topic guides between static text-based and interactive content. A total of 89 participants (19-56 years) were included. Sixty four of students reported always/usually reading static text-based topic guides most weeks and 64% perceived them as moderately/highly effective. While 60% of participants reported reading the online interactive topic guides most weeks and 93% perceived them as moderate/highly effective. Most participants indicated the interactive topic guides were more effective than static text-based topic guides they experienced in other courses (76%). Hours dedicated to the online interactive topic guide were higher (6.4 SD 2.9 vs. 1.7 SD 1.7 h; P < 0.001) as was the rating of how engaging the topic guides were (7.2 SD 1.6 vs. 6.7 SD 2.5; P = 0.008). These findings suggest that interactive content is more engaging. However, this content may not be accessible to all students, and so familiarization and training prior to engaging in an interactive online unit may be needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Livingstone
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Catherine M. Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Susie Macfarlane
- Deakin Learning Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie Woods
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison Booth
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ahmad F, Wang J, Wong B, Fung WLA. Interactive mental health assessments for Chinese Canadians: A pilot randomized controlled trial in nurse practitioner-led primary care clinic. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2022; 14:e12400. [PMID: 32608131 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental health conditions like depression and anxiety are on the rise, but access to care remains a challenge. Immigrants and racialized communities including Chinese Canadians experience high level of access barriers including communication with clinicians. With the aim to facilitate mental health communications, we tested an Interactive Computer-assisted Client Assessment Survey (iCCAS) in Cantonese/Mandarin and English at a nurse practitioner-led primary care clinic in Toronto. The iCCAS offers a touch-screen, pre-consultation survey with questions on depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, alcohol abuse, and social context. The program generates point-of-care reports for the clinician and patient. METHODS A pilot randomized controlled trial examined the intervention impact on mental health discussion and symptom detection, compared with the usual care, followed by clinicians' qualitative interviews. RESULTS Fifty self-identified Chinese adult patients participated (iCCAS = 26, Usual Care = 24), response rate 79.4%. Participant mean age was 44.8 years and 92% were immigrants. There was an increase of 19% and 15% in the mental health discussion and detection of symptoms in the iCCAS group compared with the usual care. More participants in the iCCAS group were referred to a social worker or psychiatrist. Patients found the use of iCCAS easy and clinicians identified its benefits for themselves (eg, early identification and comfort) and patients (eg, self-awareness and anonymity) and proposed practice-integration. DISCUSSION The studied tool holds promise for enhancing clinician-patient mental health communications in primary care settings for overseas Chinese. Implications are discussed for in-person and virtual healthcare which could also inform responses to mental health crisis related to COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Ahmad
- School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jamie Wang
- Office of Research and Innovations, North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bonnie Wong
- Hong Fook Mental Health Association, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,HF Connecting Health Nurse Practitioner-Led Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wai Lun Alan Fung
- HF Connecting Health Nurse Practitioner-Led Clinic, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Tyndale University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,North York General Hospital and Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Faculty Member, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fang J, Zhuang Y, Liu K, Chen Z, Liu Z, Kong T, Xu J, Qi C. A Shift from Efficiency to Adaptability: Recent Progress in Biomimetic Interactive Soft Robotics in Wet Environments. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2104347. [PMID: 35072360 PMCID: PMC8922102 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Research field of soft robotics develops exponentially since it opens up many imaginations, such as human-interactive robot, wearable robots, and transformable robots in unpredictable environments. Wet environments such as sea and in vivo represent dynamic and unstructured environments that adaptive soft robots can reach their potentials. Recent progresses in soft hybridized robotics performing tasks underwater herald a diversity of interactive soft robotics in wet environments. Here, the development of soft robots in wet environments is reviewed. The authors recapitulate biomimetic inspirations, recent advances in soft matter materials, representative fabrication techniques, system integration, and exemplary functions for underwater soft robots. The authors consider the key challenges the field faces in engineering material, software, and hardware that can bring highly intelligent soft robots into real world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jielun Fang
- College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Yanfeng Zhuang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518000China
| | - Kailang Liu
- College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Zhou Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518000China
| | - Tiantian Kong
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518000China
| | - Jianhong Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Cheng Qi
- College of Mechatronics and Control EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518000China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schnieders E, Röhr F, Mbewe M, Shanzi A, Berner-Rodoreda A, Barteit S, Louis VR, Andreadis P, Syakantu G, Neuhann F. Real-life Evaluation of an Interactive Versus Noninteractive e-Learning Module on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease for Medical Licentiate Students in Zambia: Web-Based, Mixed Methods Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Med Educ 2022; 8:e34751. [PMID: 35200149 PMCID: PMC8914755 DOI: 10.2196/34751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND e-Learning for health professionals in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is still in its infancy, but with the advent of COVID-19, a significant expansion of digital learning has occurred. Asynchronous e-learning can be grouped into interactive (user-influenceable content) and noninteractive (static material) e-learning. Studies conducted in high-income countries suggest that interactive e-learning is more effective than noninteractive e-learning in increasing learner satisfaction and knowledge; however, there is a gap in our understanding of whether this also holds true in LMICs. OBJECTIVE This study aims to validate the hypothesis above in a resource-constrained and real-life setting to understand e-learning quality and delivery by comparing interactive and noninteractive e-learning user satisfaction, usability, and knowledge gain in a new medical university in Zambia. METHODS We conducted a web-based, mixed methods randomized controlled trial at the Levy Mwanawasa Medical University (LMMU) in Lusaka, Zambia, between April and July 2021. We recruited medical licentiate students (second, third, and fourth study years) via email. Participants were randomized to undergo asynchronous e-learning with an interactive or noninteractive module for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and informally blinded to their group allocation. The interactive module included interactive interfaces, quizzes, and a virtual patient, whereas the noninteractive module consisted of PowerPoint slides. Both modules covered the same content scope. The primary outcome was learner satisfaction. The secondary outcomes were usability, short- and long-term knowledge gain, and barriers to e-learning. The mixed methods study followed an explanatory sequential design in which rating conferences delivered further insights into quantitative findings, which were evaluated through web-based questionnaires. RESULTS Initially, 94 participants were enrolled in the study, of whom 41 (44%; 18 intervention participants and 23 control participants) remained in the study and were analyzed. There were no significant differences in satisfaction (intervention: median 33.5, first quartile 31.3, second quartile 35; control: median 33, first quartile 30, second quartile 37.5; P=.66), usability, or knowledge gain between the intervention and control groups. Challenges in accessing both e-learning modules led to many dropouts. Qualitative data suggested that the content of the interactive module was more challenging to access because of technical difficulties and individual factors (eg, limited experience with interactive e-learning). CONCLUSIONS We did not observe an increase in user satisfaction with interactive e-learning. However, this finding may not be generalizable to other low-resource settings because the post hoc power was low, and the e-learning system at LMMU has not yet reached its full potential. Consequently, technical and individual barriers to accessing e-learning may have affected the results, mainly because the interactive module was considered more difficult to access and use. Nevertheless, qualitative data showed high motivation and interest in e-learning. Future studies should minimize technical barriers to e-learning to further evaluate interactive e-learning in LMICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Schnieders
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Freda Röhr
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Misho Mbewe
- School of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Aubrey Shanzi
- School of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Astrid Berner-Rodoreda
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Barteit
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valérie R Louis
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gardner Syakantu
- School of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Florian Neuhann
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- School of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Molecular imaging along with 3-dimensional (3-D) or 4-D (3-D spatial + 1-D temporal) visualization is widely used in clinical diagnosis and surgical planning. However, the pre-defined perspective and confined manipulation limit the in-depth exploration and analysis in 3-D / 4-D. To overcome this obstacle, we utilized virtual reality (VR) to interact with CT images of the cardiopulmonary system in a 3-D immersive environment. We implemented manipulative functionalities into the VR environment that altered the cardiopulmonary models to interactively generate new data analysis perspectives. We successfully sliced a CT cardiac model showing in-depth surface visualizations of the ventricles and atria. Our customized framework enables enhanced data interpretation interactivity of CT images and establishes a user-directed manipulative VR platform derived from imaging results for remote medical practices including training, education, and investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey R. Koger
- Department of Bioengineering, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Sohail S. Hassan
- Department of Bioengineering, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Jie Yuan
- Department of Bioengineering, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Yichen Ding
- Department of Bioengineering, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Simon CM, Wang K, Shinkunas LA, Stein DT, Meissner P, Smith M, Pentz R, Klein DW. Communicating With Diverse Patients About Participating in a Biobank: A Randomized Multisite Study Comparing Electronic and Face-to-Face Informed Consent Processes. J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2022; 17:144-166. [PMID: 34410195 PMCID: PMC8712348 DOI: 10.1177/15562646211038819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Some individuals' understanding of informed consent (IC) information may improve with electronic delivery, but others may benefit from face-to-face (F2F). This randomized, multisite study explores how individuals from diverse backgrounds understand electronic IC documents versus F2F, their confidence in understanding, and enrollment in research. A total of 501 patients at two U.S. biobanks with diverse populations participated. There were no overall differences between electronic and F2F understanding, but F2F predicted higher confidence in understanding and enrollment. Ethnicity and a higher educational level predicted higher understanding and confidence. Study findings suggest that electronic consent may lead to better understanding for non-Hispanic patients of higher socioeconomic status. F2F processes may lead to better understanding and higher enrollment of patients from Hispanic and lower socioeconomic levels. Researchers should carefully consider how they implement electronic IC processes and whether to maintain an F2F process to better address the needs and limitations of some populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kai Wang
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Rebecca Pentz
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sekhon TS, Sekhon S, Gambhir RS. Students' preferences regarding teaching methodology in dental education - a cross-sectional study. Przegl Epidemiol 2022; 76:210-215. [PMID: 36218166 DOI: 10.32394/pe.76.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The goal of dental education is to prepare competent ethical professionals with critical thinking, reasoning and analyzing skills along with ability of application of clinical skills and judgement in treating a patient. The present study was designed with the objective to elicit the preferences of dental students regarding the utility of the prevailing teaching and learning methods and teaching aids. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate dental students. Study population consisted of 382 dental students. A self-designed close-ended questionnaire written in English was constructed specifically for the study. The questionnaire was divided into two sections. Information regarding various teaching and learning methods both in theory and practical/clinical classes was obtained from the students. Results were calculated using numbers and percentages only. RESULTS The mean age of the students was 20.49 + 2.4 years. Problem based learning (PBL) was rated very useful by 76% (290) and useful by 24% (92) of subjects. Performing clinical/practical procedure individually rather than in group was rated very useful by 31% (118) of subjects. Use of power-point along with the blackboard was rated as the most useful method by 95% (363) of subjects. Majority of subjects (61%, 233) felt that 40 minutes duration of lecture was more useful as compared to 30 minutes. CONCLUSIONS Our study concludes that dental students prefer active teaching learning methodologies and combination of audiovisual aids. Hence it is suggested that collaboration of different active teaching methods and aids should be adopted by the teachers in order to enhance the student learning process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tegbir Singh Sekhon
- Department of Dentistry, MM Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh
| | - Simran Sekhon
- Department of Physiology, MM Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pant I, Rimal R, Yilma H, Bingenheimer J, Sedlander E, Behera S. mHealth for Anemia Reduction: Protocol for an Entertainment Education-Based Dual Intervention. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e26252. [PMID: 34812735 PMCID: PMC8663628 DOI: 10.2196/26252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More than half of the women of reproductive age (aged 15-49 years) are anemic in India. The uptake of and adherence to iron folic acid (IFA) supplements remain low despite sustained efforts to increase their use. With India’s burgeoning digital environment, mobile phones offer a potential medium for increasing their uptake, especially when combined with interactive voice messages that deliver entertaining stories infused with norms-based educational messages. Objective This study aims to investigate whether a norms-based entertainment education mobile health intervention can increase self-efficacy for IFA adherence among women of reproductive age in Odisha, India. Methods Mobile reduction in anemia through normative innovations (mRANI) is a randomized 2-arm study that includes assessments before and after the intervention. All study participants will be recruited from the intervention arm of the parent reduction in anemia through normative innovations trial only. Although the usual practice is to randomize participants either to a treatment arm or a usual care control arm, we will assign the mRANI control group to another entertainment education–based treatment group that is designed to improve bystander intervention to reduce violence against women. Data collection for the mRANI study is embedded in the parent trial and will include baseline and end line assessments. The primary outcomes are self-efficacy for IFA adherence and violence against women–related bystander intervention. The inclusion criteria for the mRANI study are participation in the parent trial and phone ownership. Women (approximately n=400) who meet the mRANI inclusion criteria will be randomly assigned to the IFA arm or the bystander arm. Ordinary least squares regression with robust SEs will be conducted to assess between-group comparisons at the end line. A mediation analysis will be conducted to examine whether social norms and interactivity mediate the relationship between intervention exposure and primary outcomes in both arms. Real-time monitoring data will offer insights into intervention receptivity and audience engagement. Results Data collection for the mRANI study is integrated within the parent trial. Household surveys were conducted between February and March of 2021. Responses on the mRANI study’s primary and secondary outcomes were collected from 381 participants. The data analysis is expected to be completed by October 2021. Conclusions This study will provide evidence on whether a mobile health norms–based entertainment education intervention can increase self-efficacy for IFA adherence and violence against women–related bystander intervention. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/26252
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ichhya Pant
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Rajiv Rimal
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hagere Yilma
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jeffrey Bingenheimer
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Erica Sedlander
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Crema A, Furfaro I, Raschellà F, Rossini M, Zajc J, Wiesener C, Baccinelli W, Proserpio D, Augsten A, Immick N, Becker S, Weber M, Schauer T, Krakow K, Gasperini G, Molteni F, Russold MF, Bulgheroni M, Micera S. Reactive Exercises with Interactive Objects: Interim Analysis of a Randomized Trial on Task-Driven NMES Grasp Rehabilitation for Subacute and Early Chronic Stroke Patients. Sensors (Basel) 2021; 21:6739. [PMID: 34695957 DOI: 10.3390/s21206739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Enriched environments and tools are believed to promote grasp rehabilitation after stroke. We designed S2, an interactive grasp rehabilitation system consisting of smart objects, custom orthoses for selective grasp constraining, and an electrode array system for forearm NMES. Motor improvements and perceived usability of a new enriched upper limb training system for sub-acute stroke patients was assessed in this interim analysis. Inclusion criteria: sub-acute stroke patients with MMSE>20, ipsilesional MI>80%, and contralesional MI<80%. Effects of 30-min therapy supplements, conventional vs. S2 prototype, are compared through a parallel two-arms dose-matched open-label trial, lasting 27 sessions. Clinical centres: Asklepios Neurologische Klinik Falkenstein, Königstein im Taunus, Germany, and Clinica Villa Beretta, Costa Masnaga, Italy. Assessment scales: ARAT, System Usability, and Technology Acceptance. Methodology: 26 participants were block randomized, allocated to the study (control N=12, experimental N=14) and underwent the training protocol. Among them, 11 participants with ARAT score at inclusion below 35, n = 6 in the experimental group, and n = 5 in the control group were analysed. Results: participants in the enriched treatment group displayed a larger improvement in the ARAT scale (+14.9 pts, pval=0.0494). Perceived usability differed between clinics. No adverse effect was observed in relation to the treatments. Trial status: closed. Conclusions: The S2 system, developed according to shared clinical directives, was tested in a clinical proof of concept. Variations of ARAT scores confirm the feasibility of clinical investigation for hand rehabilitation after stroke.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sparidaens EM, Hermens RPM, Braat DDM, Nelen WLDM, Fleischer K. Web-Based Guidance Through Assisted Reproductive Technology (myFertiCare): Patient-Centered App Development and Qualitative Evaluation. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25389. [PMID: 34342591 PMCID: PMC8371479 DOI: 10.2196/25389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Providing patient-centered fertility care is known to improve quality of life and can reduce anxiety and depression. In a previous study, we established the need for a web-based app providing personalized information and interactive functionalities among couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection with surgically retrieved sperm. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to design, develop, and qualitatively evaluate a multifaceted web-based app for infertile couples undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection with surgically retrieved sperm during their treatment trajectory. METHODS The web-based app was developed in three phases: (1) we established a patient-centered functional design, (2) developed the app in collaboration with medical and technical professionals, and (3) qualitatively evaluated the app among couples using a think-aloud method. RESULTS The basis of the app is the couple's visualized treatment trajectory. The app provides personalized and interactive functionalities; for example, customized information and communication options. During qualitative evaluation, myFertiCare was highly appreciated and received a median score of 8 out of 10. The main improvements made upon conclusion of the think-aloud sessions were related to faster login and easier app navigation. CONCLUSIONS A patient-centered web-based app aimed at guiding couples through their fertility treatment course was systematically designed, developed, and positively evaluated by patients and medical and technical professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Marie Sparidaens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rosella P M Hermens
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare (IQ Healthcare), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Didi D M Braat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Willianne L D M Nelen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kathrin Fleischer
- The Fertility Partnership Center of Reproductive Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen Y, Kao Y, Hsu C, Chen C, Ma Y, Shen Y, Liu T, Hsu S, Lin H, Wang J, Huang C, Liu C. Real-time interactive artificial intelligence of things-based prediction for adverse outcomes in adult patients with pneumonia in the emergency department. Acad Emerg Med 2021; 28:1277-1285. [PMID: 34324759 DOI: 10.1111/acem.14339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) may be a solution for predicting adverse outcomes in emergency department (ED) patients with pneumonia; however, this issue remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this study to clarify it. METHODS We identified 52,626 adult ED patients with pneumonia from three hospitals between 2010 and 2019 for this study. Thirty-three feature variables from electronic medical records were used to construct an artificial intelligence (AI) model to predict sepsis or septic shock, respiratory failure, and mortality. After comparisons of the predictive accuracies among logistic regression, random forest, support-vector machine (SVM), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), we selected the best one to build the model. We further combined the AI model with the Internet of things as AIoT, added an interactive mode, and implemented it in the hospital information system to assist clinicians with decision making in real time. We also compared the AIoT-based model with the confusion-urea-respiratory rate-blood pressure-65 (CURB-65) and pneumonia severity index (PSI) for predicting mortality. RESULTS The best AI algorithms were random forest for sepsis or septic shock (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.781), LightGBM for respiratory failure (AUC = 0.847), and mortality (AUC = 0.835). The AIoT-based model represented better performance than CURB-65 and PSI indicators for predicting mortality (0.835 vs. 0.681 and 0.835 vs. 0.728). CONCLUSIONS A real-time interactive AIoT-based model might be a better tool for predicting adverse outcomes in ED patients with pneumonia. Further validation in other populations is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You‐Ming Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yuan Kao
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Medicine Science Industries Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Chin Hsu
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chia‐Jung Chen
- Department of Information Systems Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Shan Ma
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Ting Shen
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Tzu‐Lan Liu
- Department of Information Systems Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Shu‐Lien Hsu
- Department of Nursing Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| | - Hung‐Jung Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Jhi‐Joung Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology National Defense Medical Center Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Cheng Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Senior Services Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chung‐Feng Liu
- Department of Medical Research Chi Mei Medical Center Tainan Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Moran A, Hampton S, Dowson S, Dagdelen J, Trewartha A, Ceder G, Persson K, Saxon E, Barker A, Charles L, Webb-Robertson BJ. Online Interactive Platform for COVID-19 Literature Visual Analytics: Platform Development Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e26995. [PMID: 34138726 PMCID: PMC8288648 DOI: 10.2196/26995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papers on COVID-19 are being published at a high rate and concern many different topics. Innovative tools are needed to aid researchers to find patterns in this vast amount of literature to identify subsets of interest in an automated fashion. OBJECTIVE We present a new online software resource with a friendly user interface that allows users to query and interact with visual representations of relationships between publications. METHODS We publicly released an application called PLATIPUS (Publication Literature Analysis and Text Interaction Platform for User Studies) that allows researchers to interact with literature supplied by COVIDScholar via a visual analytics platform. This tool contains standard filtering capabilities based on authors, journals, high-level categories, and various research-specific details via natural language processing and dozens of customizable visualizations that dynamically update from a researcher's query. RESULTS PLATIPUS is available online and currently links to over 100,000 publications and is still growing. This application has the potential to transform how COVID-19 researchers use public literature to enable their research. CONCLUSIONS The PLATIPUS application provides the end user with a variety of ways to search, filter, and visualize over 100,00 COVID-19 publications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Addy Moran
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Shawn Hampton
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Scott Dowson
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - John Dagdelen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Amalie Trewartha
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Gerbrand Ceder
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Kristin Persson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Elise Saxon
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Andrew Barker
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | - Lauren Charles
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Trimpl MJ, Boukerroui D, Stride EPJ, Vallis KA, Gooding MJ. Interactive contouring through contextual deep learning. Med Phys 2021; 48:2951-2959. [PMID: 33742454 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate a deep learning approach that enables three-dimensional (3D) segmentation of an arbitrary structure of interest given a user provided two-dimensional (2D) contour for context. Such an approach could decrease delineation times and improve contouring consistency, particularly for anatomical structures for which no automatic segmentation tools exist. METHODS A series of deep learning segmentation models using a Recurrent Residual U-Net with attention gates was trained with a successively expanding training set. Contextual information was provided to the models, using a previously contoured slice as an input, in addition to the slice to be contoured. In total, 6 models were developed, and 19 different anatomical structures were used for training and testing. Each of the models was evaluated for all 19 structures, even if they were excluded from the training set, in order to assess the model's ability to segment unseen structures of interest. Each model's performance was evaluated using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance, and relative added path length (APL). RESULTS The segmentation performance for seen and unseen structures improved when the training set was expanded by addition of structures previously excluded from the training set. A model trained exclusively on heart structures achieved a DSC of 0.33, HD of 44 mm, and relative APL of 0.85 when segmenting the spleen, whereas a model trained on a diverse set of structures, but still excluding the spleen, achieved a DSC of 0.80, HD of 13 mm, and relative APL of 0.35. Iterative prediction performed better compared to direct prediction when considering unseen structures. CONCLUSIONS Training a contextual deep learning model on a diverse set of structures increases the segmentation performance for the structures in the training set, but importantly enables the model to generalize and make predictions even for unseen structures that were not represented in the training set. This shows that user-provided context can be incorporated into deep learning contouring to facilitate semi-automatic segmentation of CT images for any given structure. Such an approach can enable faster de-novo contouring in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Trimpl
- Mirada Medical Ltd, Oxford, UK
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Eleanor P J Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katherine A Vallis
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Pattillo JM. The Smart Skeleton: an open-source, interactive tool for teaching muscle actions and joint movements. Adv Physiol Educ 2021; 45:327-332. [PMID: 33861151 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00145.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the design, construction, and use of an open-source hardware and software tool intended to help Anatomy and Physiology students test their knowledge of muscle actions and joint movements. Orientation sensors are attached to a model skeleton to turn the skeleton into an interactive, physical model for teaching limb movements. A detailed description of the construction of the tool is provided, as well as the configuration and use of companion software.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John M Pattillo
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middle Georgia State University, Macon, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ferguson MA, Maidment DW, Gomez R, Coulson N, Wharrad H. The feasibility of an m-health educational programme (m2Hear) to improve outcomes in first-time hearing aid users. Int J Audiol 2021; 60:S30-S41. [PMID: 33135503 PMCID: PMC8300526 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2020.1825839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To (i) assess the delivery, accessibility, usability, acceptability, and adherence, and (ii) identify suitable outcome measures, for a mobile-enhanced multimedia educational programme (m2Hear) in first-time hearing aid users. DESIGN A prospective, single-centre feasibility study. STUDY SAMPLE First-time hearing aid users (n = 59), recruited at their initial hearing assessment. Evaluations were made at 1-week and at 10-12 weeks post-hearing aid fitting. RESULTS m2Hear was most commonly accessed via tablets (42.3%). Usability was high for the System Usability Scale (88.5%), and the uMARS, particularly for the Information (M = 4.7), Functionality (M = 4.5) and Aesthetics (M = 4.2) subscales (maximum score = 5). Participant feedback was positive, with a high percent agreeing that m2Hear aided understanding of hearing aids (98%), held their interest (86%), improved confidence to use hearing aids and communicate (84%), and provided additional information to audiologist's advice (82%). Learnings about practical hearing aid handling/maintenance skills and how to communicate with others were reportedly used equally in participant's everyday lives. m2Hear was convenient to use, clear, concise and comprehensive. Outcome measures of social participation resulted in large effect sizes (Cohen's d > 1.6). CONCLUSIONS A theoretically-driven, personalised and co-designed educational m-health intervention is feasible and beneficial for use in the self-management of hearing loss and hearing aids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Ferguson
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Hearing Sciences Section, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
- National Acoustic Laboratories, Australian Hearing Hub, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - David W. Maidment
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Hearing Sciences Section, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Rachel Gomez
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Neil Coulson
- Division of Rehabilitation, Ageing and Wellbeing, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Heather Wharrad
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Albrecht L, Starnes H, Benton K, Bol A, Gettings E, Dagenhard-Trainer P. Interactive digital art for individuals with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil 2021; 26:1744629520975554. [PMID: 33406967 DOI: 10.1177/1744629520975554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Interactive digital art can be a beneficial therapeutic intervention for a variety of populations, but specifically for the population of intellectual and developmental disabilities. Interactive digital art uses the engagement of the participant to create a digital form of art. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the effects that interactive art has on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Interactive arts discussed were used in a variety of settings ranging from sand art, to using video games, or interactive art exhibits. Sand art and other digital painting methods were proven to be beneficial in improving cognitive functioning and social aspects of those with intellectual disabilities. While exploring the various settings, participant feedback was given in association with using interactive digital art.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Awel Bol
- 2739Western Carolina University, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang X, Tlili A, Shubeck K, Hu X, Huang R, Zhu L. Teachers’ adoption of an open and interactive e-book for teaching K-12 students Artificial Intelligence: a mixed methods inquiry. Smart Learn. Environ. 2021; 8:34. [PMCID: PMC8665326 DOI: 10.1186/s40561-021-00176-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of information technology, e-books have become convenient for students to improve their learning performance, especially when learning complicated concepts. However, research showed that acceptance of e-books by teachers is fragmented, due to several factors including the e-book design. Therefore, this study combined the potential positive impacts of openness and interaction on learning to design an open and interactive e-book for teaching K-12 students AI. It then applied a mixed method to investigate the factors that affect teachers’ acceptance of this open and interactive e-book based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and interviews. The obtained results showed that teachers’ intention to continue using this e-book is significantly influenced by their perceived usefulness and attitude towards this e-book. Additionally, both the interactive and openness features were very helpful for teachers in using this e-book in their teaching plans. However, some of them raised several concerns like the interactive coding platform should be personalized based on students’ age. The findings of this study could help different stakeholders (e.g., instructional designers, teachers, policymakers) in facilitating the design and adoption of open and interactive e-books.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Tlili
- Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Keith Shubeck
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Xiangen Hu
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, USA
| | - Ronghuai Huang
- Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li Liu, Wenhui Xu, Yichun Ding, Seema Agarwal, Andreas Greiner, Gaigai Duan. A review of smart electrospun fibers toward textiles. Composites Communications 2020; 22. [ DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2020.100506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning as a versatile technology has attracted a large amount of attention in the past few decades due to the facile way to produce micro- and nano-scale fibers featuring flexibility, large specific surface area and high porosity. Stimuli-responsive polymers are a class of smart materials that are capable of sensing surround environment and interacting with them. Therefore, the combination of electrospinning and smart materials could have a great deal of benefits over the development of smart fibers. In this review, it offers a comprehensive understanding of smart electrospun fibers toward textile applications. Firstly, the definition of smart fibers and the differences between interactive fibers and passive interactive fibers are briefly introduced. Then some interactive fibers made from temperature-, pH-, light-, electric field/electricity-, magnetic field-, multi-responsive polymers, as well as some polymers featuring piezoelectric and triboelectric effect which are suitable flexible electrics, are emphasized with their applications in the form of electrospun fibers. Afterwards, some passive and hybrid smart electrospun fibers are introduced. Finally, associated challenges and perspectives are summarized and discussed. Understanding of passive smart electrospun fibers and interactive smart electrospun fibers. The recent progress in flexible electronics from electrospun fibers. The recent progress in stimuli-responsive polymers applied in interactive smart electrospun fibers.
Collapse
|
46
|
Hsiao YT, Liu HY, Hsiao CC. Development of a Novel Interactive Multimedia E-Learning Model to Enhance Clinical Competency Training and Quality of Care among Medical Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:E500. [PMID: 33233509 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8040500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical competencies consisting of skills, knowledge, and communication techniques should be acquired by all medical graduates to optimize healthcare quality. However, transitioning from observation to hands-on learning in clinical competencies poses a challenge to medical students. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a novel interactive multimedia eBook curriculum in clinical competency training. Ninety-six medical students were recruited. Students in the control group (n = 46) were taught clinical competencies via conventional teaching, while students in the experimental group (n = 50) were taught with conventional teaching plus interactive multimedia eBooks. The outcomes of clinical competencies were evaluated using Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) scores, and feedback on their interactive eBook experiences was obtained. In the experimental group, the average National OSCE scores were not only higher than the control group (214.8 vs. 206.5, p < 0.001), but also showed a quicker improvement when comparing between three consecutive mock OSCEs (p < 0.001). In response to open-ended questions, participants emphasized the importance of eBooks in improving their abilities and self-confidence when dealing with ‘difficult’ patients. Implementing interactive multimedia eBooks could prompt a more rapid improvement in clinical skill performance to provide safer healthcare, indicating the potential of our innovative module in enhancing clinical competencies.
Collapse
|
47
|
Boyle SA, Berry N, Cayton J, Ferguson S, Gilgan A, Khan A, Lam H, Leavelle S, Mulder I, Myers R, Owens A, Park J, Siddiq I, Slevin M, Weidow T, Yu AJ, Reichling S. Widespread Behavioral Responses by Mammals and Fish to Zoo Visitors Highlight Differences between Individual Animals. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E2108. [PMID: 33203018 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact that humans have on zoo animals can vary based on the species of animal, exhibit design, and individual differences in behavioral responses. We independently analyzed data from 10 never-published studies that examined the impact of zoo visitors on zoo animal behavior. Of the 16 species studied, 90.9% of the mammal species and 60.0% of the fish species demonstrated a change in at least one behavior based on zoo visitor abundance or visitor behavior (e.g., noise, solicitation of interactions from zoo animals). In addition, behavioral changes associated with zoo visitors were present in animals housed in exhibits where there was direct contact with zoo visitors, as well as in exhibits where there was indirect contact and no direct contact. Individuals often varied in their behavioral responses, and some individuals appeared to seek out interactions with visitors. Our findings demonstrate that short-term research projects can provide valuable insight into individual animal-level and species-level responses to visitor abundance and visitor behavior in the zoo setting. We recommend that behavioral assessments focus on the analysis of behaviors of individual animals whenever possible, and we recommend that exhibits provide areas that allow for animals to retreat from the public view.
Collapse
|
48
|
Rochira W, Agirre J. Iris: Interactive all-in-one graphical validation of 3D protein model iterations. Protein Sci 2020; 30:93-107. [PMID: 32964594 PMCID: PMC7737763 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Iris validation is a Python package created to represent comprehensive per‐residue validation metrics for entire protein chains in a compact, readable and interactive view. These metrics can either be calculated by Iris, or by a third‐party program such as MolProbity. We show that those parts of a protein model requiring attention may generate ripples across the metrics on the diagram, immediately catching the modeler's attention. Iris can run as a standalone tool, or be plugged into existing structural biology software to display per‐chain model quality at a glance, with a particular emphasis on evaluating incremental changes resulting from the iterative nature of model building and refinement. Finally, the integration of Iris into the CCP4i2 graphical user interface is provided as a showcase of its pluggable design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Rochira
- Department of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, York, UK
| | - Jon Agirre
- Department of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory, University of York, York, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Valero-Ramon Z, Fernandez-Llatas C, Valdivieso B, Traver V. Dynamic Models Supporting Personalised Chronic Disease Management through Healthcare Sensors with Interactive Process Mining. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E5330. [PMID: 32957673 PMCID: PMC7570892 DOI: 10.3390/s20185330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rich streams of continuous data are available through Smart Sensors representing a unique opportunity to develop and analyse risk models in healthcare and extract knowledge from data. There is a niche for developing new algorithms, and visualisation and decision support tools to assist health professionals in chronic disease management incorporating data generated through smart sensors in a more precise and personalised manner. However, current understanding of risk models relies on static snapshots of health variables or measures, rather than ongoing and dynamic feedback loops of behaviour, considering changes and different states of patients and diseases. The rationale of this work is to introduce a new method for discovering dynamic risk models for chronic diseases, based on patients' dynamic behaviour provided by health sensors, using Process Mining techniques. Results show the viability of this method, three dynamic models have been discovered for the chronic diseases hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, based on the dynamic behaviour of metabolic risk factors associated. This information would support health professionals to translate a one-fits-all current approach to treatments and care, to a personalised medicine strategy, that fits treatments built on patients' unique behaviour thanks to dynamic risk modelling taking advantage of the amount data generated by smart sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Valero-Ramon
- SABIEN-ITACA Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-L.); (V.T.)
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Llatas
- SABIEN-ITACA Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-L.); (V.T.)
- CLINTEC-Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Vicente Traver
- SABIEN-ITACA Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.F.-L.); (V.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Karim MY. Using Clinical Cases to Restore Basic Science Immunology Knowledge in Physicians and Senior Medical Students. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1756. [PMID: 32973743 PMCID: PMC7466718 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of medical students and many physicians find basic science immunology confusing and the teaching of immunology to be uninteresting. Physicians undergoing training in a range of disciplines treat patients with immunological disease, including allergy/immunology and rheumatology. It is essential for senior medical students and physicians to understand the pathology of immune diseases and the pharmacology of immune interventions. In order to optimize this learning, underlying concepts of basic immunology need to be revised, or sometimes learned for the first time. Teachers may need to overcome baseline attitudinal negativity. Medical students and postgraduates are more able to relate to basic immunology if approached through a clinical route. Case presentations and case-based discussions are a familiar format for medical students and physicians, though typically utilized to enhance understanding of clinical presentation, investigation, and treatment. Hence, they may be more receptive to “difficult” immunology concepts when presented in a familiar teaching framework. Although there is data supporting case-based learning for basic immunology in medical students, there is little data in physicians. Extrapolating from the medical student literature, I devised a program of clinical cases for physicians whereby understanding the immunopathological basis of the condition and/or its immunological treatment was employed as a platform to appreciate the basic science immunology in more depth. A variety of cases were selected to illustrate different immunological topics. The sessions were small group and highly interactive in nature. As this programme has only recently been introduced, formal evaluation has yet to be concluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Yousuf Karim
- Acting Division Chief, Hematopathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,Assistant Professor in Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Ar-Rayyan, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|