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Gillen R, Erlandsson K, Denis-Bacelar AM, Thielemans K, Hutton BF, McQuaid SJ. Towards accurate partial volume correction in 99mTc oncology SPECT: perturbation for case-specific resolution estimation. EJNMMI Phys 2022; 9:59. [PMID: 36064882 PMCID: PMC9445108 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-022-00489-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal partial volume correction (PVC) algorithm for oncology imaging. Several existing PVC methods require knowledge of the reconstructed resolution, usually as the point spread function (PSF)—often assumed to be spatially invariant. However, this is not the case for SPECT imaging. This work aimed to assess the accuracy of SPECT quantification when PVC is applied using a case-specific PSF. Methods Simulations of SPECT \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^{99{\mathrm{m}}}$$\end{document}99mTc imaging were performed for a range of activity distributions, including those replicating typical clinical oncology studies. Gaussian PSFs in reconstructed images were estimated using perturbation with a small point source. Estimates of the PSF were made in situations which could be encountered in a patient study, including; different positions in the field of view, different lesion shapes, sizes and contrasts, noise-free and noisy data. Ground truth images were convolved with the perturbation-estimated PSF, and with a PSF reflecting the resolution at the centre of the field of view. Both were compared with reconstructed images and the root-mean-square error calculated to assess the accuracy of the estimated PSF. PVC was applied using Single Target Correction, incorporating the perturbation-estimated PSF. Corrected regional mean values were assessed for quantitative accuracy. Results Perturbation-estimated PSF values demonstrated dependence on the position in the Field of View and the number of OSEM iterations. A lower root mean squared error was observed when convolution of the ground truth image was performed with the perturbation-estimated PSF, compared with convolution using a different PSF. Regional mean values following PVC using the perturbation-estimated PSF were more accurate than uncorrected data, or data corrected with PVC using an unsuitable PSF. This was the case for both simple and anthropomorphic phantoms. For the simple phantom, regional mean values were within 0.7% of the ground truth values. Accuracy improved after 5 or more OSEM iterations (10 subsets). For the anthropomorphic phantoms, post-correction regional mean values were within 1.6% of the ground truth values for noise-free uniform lesions. Conclusion Perturbation using a simulated point source could potentially improve quantitative SPECT accuracy via the application of PVC, provided that sufficient reconstruction iterations are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Gillen
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK. .,National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, UK. .,Department of Clinical Physics and Bioengineering, Nuclear Medicine, North East Sector, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Kjell Erlandsson
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Kris Thielemans
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brian F Hutton
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah J McQuaid
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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Morphis M, van Staden JA, du Raan H, Ljungberg M. Evaluation of Iodine-123 and Iodine-131 SPECT activity quantification: a Monte Carlo study. EJNMMI Phys 2021; 8:61. [PMID: 34410539 PMCID: PMC8377107 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-021-00407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The quantitative accuracy of Nuclear Medicine images, acquired for both planar and SPECT studies, is influenced by the isotope-collimator combination as well as image corrections incorporated in the iterative reconstruction process. These factors can be investigated and optimised using Monte Carlo simulations. This study aimed to evaluate SPECT quantification accuracy for 123I with both the low-energy high resolution (LEHR) and medium-energy (ME) collimators and 131I with the high-energy (HE) collimator. Methods Simulated SPECT projection images were reconstructed using the OS-EM iterative algorithm, which was optimised for the number of updates, with appropriate corrections for scatter, attenuation and collimator detector response (CDR), including septal scatter and penetration compensation. An appropriate calibration factor (CF) was determined from four different source geometries (activity-filled: water-filled cylindrical phantom, sphere in water-filled (cold) cylindrical phantom, sphere in air and point-like source), investigated with different volume of interest (VOI) diameters. Recovery curves were constructed from recovery coefficients to correct for partial volume effects (PVEs). The quantitative method was evaluated for spheres in voxel-based digital cylindrical and patient phantoms. Results The optimal number of OS-EM updates was 60 for all isotope-collimator combinations. The CFpoint with a VOI diameter equal to the physical size plus a 3.0-cm margin was selected, for all isotope-collimator geometries. The spheres’ quantification errors in the voxel-based digital cylindrical and patient phantoms were less than 3.2% and 5.4%, respectively, for all isotope-collimator combinations. Conclusion The study showed that quantification errors of less than 6.0% could be attained, for all isotope-collimator combinations, if corrections for; scatter, attenuation, CDR (including septal scatter and penetration) and PVEs are performed. 123I LEHR and 123I ME quantification accuracies compared well when appropriate corrections for septal scatter and penetration were applied. This can be useful in departments that perform 123I studies and may not have access to ME collimators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaella Morphis
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
| | - Johan A van Staden
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Hanlie du Raan
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
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Staszak K, Wieszczycka K, Bajek A, Staszak M, Tylkowski B, Roszkowski K. Achievement in active agent structures as a power tools in tumor angiogenesis imaging. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188560. [PMID: 33965512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
According to World Health Organization (WHO) cancer is the second most important cause of death globally. Because angiogenesis is considered as an essential process of growth, proliferation and tumor progression, within this review we decided to shade light on recent development of chemical compounds which play a significant role in its imaging and monitoring. Indeed, the review gives insight about the current achievements of active agents structures involved in imaging techniques such as: positron emission computed tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), as well as combination PET/MRI and PET/CT. The review aims to provide the journal audience with a comprehensive and in-deep understanding of chemistry policy in tumor angiogenesis imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Wieszczycka
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Bajek
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Karlowicza St. 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maciej Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, C/Marcellí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Krzysztof Roszkowski
- Department of Oncology, Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, Romanowskiej St. 2, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Picone V, Makris N, Boutevin F, Roy S, Playe M, Soussan M. Clinical validation of time reduction strategy in continuous step-and-shoot mode during SPECT acquisition. EJNMMI Phys 2021; 8:10. [PMID: 33532876 PMCID: PMC7855188 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-021-00354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The SwiftScan solution (General Electric Healthcare) combines a new low-energy high-resolution sensitivity collimator and a tomographic step-and-shoot continuous (SSC) mode acquisition. The purpose of this study is to determine whether SSC mode can be used in clinical practice with shorter examination times, while preserving image quality and ensuring accurate semi-quantification. Twenty bone scan and 10 lung scan studies were randomly selected over a period of 2 months. Three sets of image datasets were produced: step-and-shoot (SS) acquisition, simulated 25% count reduction using the Poisson resampling method (SimSS), and SimSS continuous acquisition (SimSSC), where SimSS was summed with counts acquired during detector head rotation. Visual assessment (5-point Likert scale, 2 readers) and semi-quantitative evaluation (50 focal uptake from 10 bone studies), assessed by SUVmean, coefficient of variation (COV), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), were performed using t test and Bland-Altman analysis. Results Intra-reader agreement was substantial for reader 1 (k = 0.71) and for reader 2 (k = 0.61). Inter-reader agreement was substantial for SS set (k = 0.93) and moderate for SimSSC (k = 0.52). Bland-Altman analysis showed a good interchangeability of SS and SimSSC SUV values. The mean CNR between SS and SimSSC was not significantly different: 42.9 ± 43.7 [23.7–62.1] vs. 43.1 ± 46 [22.9–63.3] (p = 0.46), respectively. COV values, assessing noise level, did not deviate significantly between SS and SimSSC: 0.20 ± 0.08 [0.18–0.23] vs. 0.21 ± 0.08, [0.18–0.23] (p = 0.15), respectively, whereas a significant difference was demonstrated between SS and SimSS: 0.20 ± 0.08 [0.18–0.23] vs. 0.23 ± 0.09 [0.20–0.25] (p < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusions SSC mode acquisition decreases examination time by approximately 25% in bone and lung SPECT/CT studies compared to SS mode (~ 2 min per single-bed SPECT), without compromising image quality and signal quantification. This SPECT sensitivity improvement also offers the prospect of more comfortable exams, with less motion artifacts, especially in painful or dyspneic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fanny Boutevin
- GE Healthcare, 78530, 283 Rue de la Miniere, Buc, France
| | - Sarah Roy
- GE Healthcare, 78530, 283 Rue de la Miniere, Buc, France
| | - Margot Playe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Avicenne Hospital, HUPSSD, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Michael Soussan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Avicenne Hospital, HUPSSD, APHP, Paris, France. .,Inserm, Institut Curie, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie, Orsay, France.
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Beyer T, Bidaut L, Dickson J, Kachelriess M, Kiessling F, Leitgeb R, Ma J, Shiyam Sundar LK, Theek B, Mawlawi O. What scans we will read: imaging instrumentation trends in clinical oncology. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:38. [PMID: 32517801 PMCID: PMC7285725 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00312-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncological diseases account for a significant portion of the burden on public healthcare systems with associated costs driven primarily by complex and long-lasting therapies. Through the visualization of patient-specific morphology and functional-molecular pathways, cancerous tissue can be detected and characterized non-invasively, so as to provide referring oncologists with essential information to support therapy management decisions. Following the onset of stand-alone anatomical and functional imaging, we witness a push towards integrating molecular image information through various methods, including anato-metabolic imaging (e.g., PET/CT), advanced MRI, optical or ultrasound imaging.This perspective paper highlights a number of key technological and methodological advances in imaging instrumentation related to anatomical, functional, molecular medicine and hybrid imaging, that is understood as the hardware-based combination of complementary anatomical and molecular imaging. These include novel detector technologies for ionizing radiation used in CT and nuclear medicine imaging, and novel system developments in MRI and optical as well as opto-acoustic imaging. We will also highlight new data processing methods for improved non-invasive tissue characterization. Following a general introduction to the role of imaging in oncology patient management we introduce imaging methods with well-defined clinical applications and potential for clinical translation. For each modality, we report first on the status quo and, then point to perceived technological and methodological advances in a subsequent status go section. Considering the breadth and dynamics of these developments, this perspective ends with a critical reflection on where the authors, with the majority of them being imaging experts with a background in physics and engineering, believe imaging methods will be in a few years from now.Overall, methodological and technological medical imaging advances are geared towards increased image contrast, the derivation of reproducible quantitative parameters, an increase in volume sensitivity and a reduction in overall examination time. To ensure full translation to the clinic, this progress in technologies and instrumentation is complemented by advances in relevant acquisition and image-processing protocols and improved data analysis. To this end, we should accept diagnostic images as "data", and - through the wider adoption of advanced analysis, including machine learning approaches and a "big data" concept - move to the next stage of non-invasive tumour phenotyping. The scans we will be reading in 10 years from now will likely be composed of highly diverse multi-dimensional data from multiple sources, which mandate the use of advanced and interactive visualization and analysis platforms powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) for real-time data handling by cross-specialty clinical experts with a domain knowledge that will need to go beyond that of plain imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beyer
- QIMP Team, Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20/4L, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Luc Bidaut
- College of Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
| | - John Dickson
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marc Kachelriess
- Division of X-ray imaging and CT, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, DE, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074, Aachen, DE, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Am Fallturm 1, 28359, Bremen, DE, Germany
| | - Rainer Leitgeb
- Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, AT, Austria
| | - Jingfei Ma
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lalith Kumar Shiyam Sundar
- QIMP Team, Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20/4L, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Theek
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074, Aachen, DE, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Am Fallturm 1, 28359, Bremen, DE, Germany
| | - Osama Mawlawi
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Rahman MA, Laforest R, Jha AK. A LIST-MODE OSEM-BASED ATTENUATION AND SCATTER COMPENSATION METHOD FOR SPECT. PROCEEDINGS. IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2020; 2020:646-650. [PMID: 33072242 PMCID: PMC7561042 DOI: 10.1109/isbi45749.2020.9098333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Reliable attenuation and scatter compensation (ASC) is a pre-requisite for quantification and beneficial for visual interpretation tasks in SPECT. In this paper, we develop a reconstruction method that uses the entire SPECT emission data, i.e. data in both the photopeak and scatter windows, acquired in list-mode format and including the energy attribute of the detected photon, to perform ASC. We implemented a GPU-based version of this method using an ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm. The method was objectively evaluated using realistic simulation studies on the task of estimating uptake in the striatal regions of the brain in a 2-D dopamine transporter (DaT)-scan SPECT study. We observed that inclusion of data from the scatter window and using list-mode data yielded improved quantification compared to using data only from the photopeak window or using binned data. These results motivate further development of list-mode-based ASC methods that include scatter-window data for SPECT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashequr Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard Laforest
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abhinav K Jha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Quantitative SPECT: a survey of current practice in the UK Nuclear Medicine Community. Nucl Med Commun 2020; 40:986-994. [PMID: 31343611 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nuclear Medicine is a quantitative imaging modality. However, until recently, quantitative single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been limited to ratios or comparisons to databases, or indeed volume measurements, and therefore has not truly quantified uptake in areas of interest. Following the growth of dosimetry associated with nuclear medicine therapies, tools to perform quantitative SPECT in terms of kBq/cc or standardised uptake value (SUV) have become more readily available, although its use does not appear to be widespread. The aim of this study was to get a snapshot of quantitative SPECT use, and to determine where the future of this technology may lie. METHODS The data for this survey were collected through a web-based form made available at a national quantitative SPECT meeting, and later distributed to the UK nuclear medicine community. A series of questions looking at current practice, technique and future thoughts were presented to respondents in the form of multiple-choice questions where single and multiple selections could be made. RESULTS The responses showed significant use of quantitative SPECT for established techniques, in alignment with the prevalence of the relevant imaging studies. There was a significant minority of respondents performing kBq/cc and SUV SPECT, and SPECT for radionuclide therapy dosimetry. Technique for quantitative SPECT varied significantly typically but nevertheless the predicted future for quantitative SPECT was positive: particularly for kBq/cc and SUV SPECT. Impediments to the success of the technology were mostly around software availability and uncertainties around usefulness. CONCLUSION The results of this survey suggest that the future of truly quantitative SPECT looks promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pat Zanzonico
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
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