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The Impact of Prematurity on Morbidity and Mortality in Newborns with Dextro-transposition of the Great Arteries. Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 43:391-400. [PMID: 34561724 PMCID: PMC8850285 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-021-02734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prematurity is a risk factor for adverse outcomes after arterial switch operation in newborns with D-TGA (D-TGA). In this study, we sought to investigate the impact of prematurity on postnatal and perioperative clinical management, morbidity, and mortality during hospitalization in neonates with simple and complex D-TGA who received arterial switch operation (ASO). Monocentric retrospective analysis of 100 newborns with D-TGA. Thirteen infants (13.0%) were born premature. Preterm infants required significantly more frequent mechanical ventilation in the delivery room (69.2% vs. 34.5%, p = 0.030) and during the preoperative course (76.9% vs. 37.9%, p = 0.014). Need for inotropic support (30.8% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.035) and red blood cell transfusions (46.2% vs. 10.3%, p = 0.004) was likewise increased. Preoperative mortality (23.1% vs 0.0%, p = 0.002) was significantly increased in preterm infants, with necrotizing enterocolitis as cause of death in two of three infants. In contrast, mortality during and after surgery did not differ significantly between the two groups. Cardiopulmonary bypass times were similar in both groups (median 275 vs. 263 min, p = 0.322). After ASO, arterial lactate (34.5 vs. 21.5 mg/dL, p = 0.007), duration of mechanical ventilation (median 175 vs. 106 h, p = 0.038), and venous thrombosis (40.0% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.004) were increased in preterm, as compared to term infants. Gestational age (adjusted unit odds ratio 0.383, 95% confidence interval 0.179-0.821, p = 0.014) was independently associated with mortality. Prematurity is associated with increased perioperative morbidity and increased preoperative mortality in D-TGA patients.
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Qureshi AM, Caldarone CA, Romano JC, Chai PJ, Mascio CE, Glatz AC, Petit CJ, McCracken CE, Kelleman MS, Nicholson GT, Meadows JJ, Zampi JD, Shahanavaz S, Law MA, Batlivala SP, Goldstein BH. Comparison of management strategies for neonates with symptomatic tetralogy of Fallot and weight <2.5 kg. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021; 163:192-207.e3. [PMID: 33726912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare management strategies for neonates <2.5 kg with tetralogy of Fallot and symptomatic cyanosis who either undergo staged repair (SR) (initial palliation followed by later complete repair) or primary repair (PR). METHODS Consecutive neonates with tetralogy of Fallot and symptomatic cyanosis weighing <2.5 kg at initial intervention and between 2005 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed from the Congenital Cardiac Research Collaborative. Primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes included component (eg, initial palliation, complete repair, or primary repair) and cumulative (SR: initial palliation followed by later complete repair) hospital and intensive care unit lengths of stay, durations of ventilation, inotrope use, cardiopulmonary bypass time, procedural complications, and reintervention. Outcomes were compared with propensity score adjustments with PR as the reference group. RESULTS The cohort included 76 SR (initial palliation: 53 surgical and 23 transcatheter) and 44 PR patients. The observed risk of overall mortality was similar between SR and PR groups (15.8% vs 18.2%: P = .735). The adjusted hazard of mortality remained similar between groups overall (hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-1.36; P = .214), as well as during short-term (<4 months: hazard ratio, 0.37; 95% confidence interval, 0.13-1.09; P = .071) and midterm (>4 months: hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.30-5.79; P = .717) follow-up. Reintervention in the first 18 months was common in both groups (53.2% vs 48.4%; hazard ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.96-2.28; P = .072). Adjusted procedural complications and neonatal morbidity burden were overall lower in the SR group. Cumulative secondary outcome burdens largely favored the PR group. CONCLUSIONS In this study comparing SR and PR treatment strategies for neonates with tetralogy of Fallot and symptomatic cyanosis and weight <2.5 kg, mortality and reintervention burden was highly independent of treatment strategy. Other potential advantages were observed with each approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athar M Qureshi
- The Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.
| | - Christopher A Caldarone
- Congenital Heart Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Tex; Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex
| | | | - Paul J Chai
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | | | - Andrew C Glatz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Christopher J Petit
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Courtney E McCracken
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | - Michael S Kelleman
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga
| | | | | | | | | | - Mark A Law
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala
| | - Sarosh P Batlivala
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Rey J, Ramchandani BK, Gonzalez-Rocafort Á, Sánchez R, Polo L, Lamas MJ, Centella T, Uceda Á, López-Ortego P, Aroca Á. Cirugía cardiaca neonatal: ¿importa el peso? CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circv.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Hautala J, Gissler M, Ritvanen A, Helle E, Pihkala J, Mattila IP, Pätilä T, Salminen J, Puntila J, Jokinen E, Räsänen J, Vahlberg T, Ojala T. Perinatal and perioperative factors associated with mortality and an increased need for hospital care in infants with transposition of the great arteries: A nationwide 11-year population-based cohort. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020; 99:1728-1735. [PMID: 32640036 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Newborn infants with transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) need immediate care for an optimal outcome. This study comprised a nationwide 11-year population-based cohort of d-TGA infants, and assessed whether the implementation of a nationwide systematic fetal screening program, or other perinatal, or perioperative factors, are associated with mortality or an increased need for hospital care. MATERIAL AND METHODS The national cohort consisted of all live-born infants with simple d-TGA (TGA ± small ventricular septal defect, n = 127) born in Finland during 2004-2014. Data were collected from six national registries. Prenatal diagnosis and perinatal and perioperative factors associated with mortality and length of hospitalization were evaluated. RESULTS Preoperative mortality was 7.9%, and the total mortality was 8.7%. The prenatal detection rate increased after introducing systematic fetal anomaly screening from 5.0% to 37.7% during the study period (P < .0001), but the total mortality rate remained unchanged. All prenatally diagnosed infants (n = 27) survived. Lower gestational age (odds ratio 0.68, P = .012) and higher maternal age at birth (odds ratio 1.16, P = .036) were associated with increased mortality in multivariable analysis. Older infant age at time of operation (P = .002), longer aortic clamp time (P < .001), and higher maternal body mass index (P = .027) were associated with longer initial hospital stay. An extended need for hospital care during the first year of life was multi-factorial. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, none of the prenatally diagnosed d-TGA infants died. As a result of the limited prenatal detection rates, however, the sample size was insufficient to reach statistical significance. The d-TGA infants born with lower gestational age and to older mothers had increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Hautala
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Gissler
- Information Services Department, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annukka Ritvanen
- Retired from the Register of Congenital Malformations, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emmi Helle
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Pihkala
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka P Mattila
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Pätilä
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Salminen
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Puntila
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Jokinen
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Räsänen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Biostatistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tiina Ojala
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Fraser CD, Chacon-Portillo MA, Well A, Zea-Vera R, Binsalamah Z, Adachi I, Mery CM, Heinle JS. Twenty-Three-Year Experience With the Arterial Switch Operation: Expectations and Long-Term Outcomes. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 32:292-299. [PMID: 31958553 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to describe the short- and long-term outcomes of patients after an arterial switch operation (ASO) at a single institution during a 23-year period. A retrospective chart review of all patients <18 months of age who underwent an ASO between January 1995 and March 2018 at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX was performed. Primary endpoints include mortality and reintervention. Perioperative mortality was defined as mortality occurring in-hospital and/or <30 days after surgery. Survival and freedom-from-reintervention were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank tests, and Cox regression models. The cohort included 394 patients. Diagnoses included 204 patients (52%) with intact ventricular septum, 137 (35%) with a ventricular septal defect, 17 (4%) with a ventricular septal defect and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), and 36 (9%) with Taussig-Bing anomaly. Median age at surgery was 8 days (range: 1 day to 17 months) and median weight was 3.4 (range: 0.8-12.0) kg. Overall perioperative mortality was 1.3% (n = 5), 0.3% (n = 1) since 1999. Overall survival at 5, 10, and 15 years was 98.2%, 97.8%, and 97.8%, respectively. Perioperative morality was associated with prematurity (P = 0.012), <2.5 kg (P< 0.001), and longer circulatory arrest (P = 0.024) after univariate analysis. Reintervention was associated with a longer cross-clamp time (P < 0.001), <2.5 kg (P = 0.009), LVOTO resection (P = 0.047), and genetic syndrome (P= 0.011) after multivariable analysis. Current ASO expectations should include a perioperative mortality risk of <1% and good long-term survival. Reinterventions are more frequent in patients <2.5 kg, concomitant LVOTO resection, a genetic syndrome, and longer cross-clamp time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Fraser
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, Dell Children's Medical Center, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas.
| | - Martin A Chacon-Portillo
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrew Well
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, Dell Children's Medical Center, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Rodrigo Zea-Vera
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ziyad Binsalamah
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Iki Adachi
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Carlos M Mery
- Texas Center for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease, Dell Children's Medical Center, University of Texas Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas
| | - Jeffrey S Heinle
- Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Mitchell ME. Waiting for Weight - 2.0 Is the New 2.5. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 31:494-495. [PMID: 31071443 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Mitchell
- Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Herma Heart Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
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