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Ahkin Chin Tai JK, Horzmann KA, Jenkins TL, Akoro IN, Stradtman S, Aryal UK, Freeman JL. Adverse developmental impacts in progeny of zebrafish exposed to the agricultural herbicide atrazine during embryogenesis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108213. [PMID: 37774458 PMCID: PMC10613503 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is an herbicide commonly used on crops in the Midwestern US and other select global regions. The US Environmental Protection Agency ATZ regulatory limit is 3 parts per billion (ppb; µg/L), but this limit is often exceeded. ATZ has a long half-life, is a common contaminant of drinking water sources, and is indicated as an endocrine disrupting chemical in multiple species. The zebrafish was used to test the hypothesis that an embryonic parental ATZ exposure alters protein levels leading to modifications in morphology and behavior in developing progeny. Zebrafish embryos (F1) were collected from adults (F0) exposed to 0, 0.3, 3, or 30 ppb ATZ during embryogenesis. Differential proteomics, morphology, and behavior assays were completed with offspring aged 120 or 144 h with no additional chemical treatment. Proteomic analysis identified differential expression of proteins associated with neurological development and disease; and organ and organismal morphology, development, and injury, specifically the skeletomuscular system. Head length and ratio of head length to total length was significantly increased in the F1 of 0.3 and 30 ppb ATZ groups (p < 0.05). Based on molecular pathway alterations, further craniofacial morphology assessment found decreased distance for cartilaginous structures, decreased surface area and distance between saccular otoliths, and a more posteriorly positioned notochord (p < 0.05), indicating delayed ossification and skeletal growth. The visual motor response assay showed hyperactivity in progeny of the 30 ppb treatment group for distance moved and of the 0.3 and 30 ppb treatment groups for time spent moving (p < 0.05). Due to the changes in saccular otoliths, an acoustic startle assay was completed and showed decreased response in the 0.3 and 30 ppb treatments (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that a single embryonic parental exposure alters cellular pathways in their progeny that lead to perturbations in craniofacial development and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katharine A Horzmann
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Thomas L Jenkins
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Isabelle N Akoro
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sydney Stradtman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Uma K Aryal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Bindley Bioscience Center, Discovery Park, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Loder S, Patel N, Morgani S, Sambon M, Leucht P, Levi B. Genetic models for lineage tracing in musculoskeletal development, injury, and healing. Bone 2023; 173:116777. [PMID: 37156345 PMCID: PMC10860167 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal development and later post-natal homeostasis are highly dynamic processes, marked by rapid structural and functional changes across very short periods of time. Adult anatomy and physiology are derived from pre-existing cellular and biochemical states. Consequently, these early developmental states guide and predict the future of the system as a whole. Tools have been developed to mark, trace, and follow specific cells and their progeny either from one developmental state to the next or between circumstances of health and disease. There are now many such technologies alongside a library of molecular markers which may be utilized in conjunction to allow for precise development of unique cell 'lineages'. In this review, we first describe the development of the musculoskeletal system beginning as an embryonic germ layer and at each of the key developmental stages that follow. We then discuss these structures in the context of adult tissues during homeostasis, injury, and repair. Special focus is given in each of these sections to the key genes involved which may serve as markers of lineage or later in post-natal tissues. We then finish with a technical assessment of lineage tracing and the techniques and technologies currently used to mark cells, tissues, and structures within the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Loder
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Scaife Hall, Suite 6B, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nicole Patel
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Levi
- Center for Organogenesis and Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Semenistaja S, Skuja S, Kadisa A, Groma V. Healthy and Osteoarthritis-Affected Joints Facing the Cellular Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044120. [PMID: 36835530 PMCID: PMC9964755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive, severely debilitating, and multifactorial joint disease that is recognized as the most common type of arthritis. During the last decade, it shows an incremental global rise in prevalence and incidence. The interaction between etiologic factors that mediate joint degradation has been explored in numerous studies. However, the underlying processes that induce OA remain obscure, largely due to the variety and complexity of these mechanisms. During synovial joint dysfunction, the osteochondral unit undergoes cellular phenotypic and functional alterations. At the cellular level, the synovial membrane is influenced by cartilage and subchondral bone cleavage fragments and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation products from apoptotic and necrotic cells. These "foreign bodies" serve as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that trigger innate immunity, eliciting and sustaining low-grade inflammation in the synovium. In this review, we explore the cellular and molecular communication networks established between the major joint compartments-the synovial membrane, cartilage, and subchondral bone of normal and OA-affected joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofija Semenistaja
- Department of Doctoral Studies, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Sandra Skuja
- Joint Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +371-673-20421
| | - Anda Kadisa
- Department of Internal Diseases, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Valerija Groma
- Joint Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
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Rapp AE, Zaucke F. Cartilage extracellular matrix-derived matrikines in osteoarthritis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C377-C394. [PMID: 36571440 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00464.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the most frequent diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark of OA. During the degradation process, intact/full-length proteins and proteolytic fragments are released which then might induce different downstream responses via diverse receptors, therefore leading to different biological consequences. Collagen type II and the proteoglycan aggrecan are the most abundant components of the cartilage ECM. However, over the last decades, a large number of minor components have been identified and for some of those, a role in the manifold processes associated with OA has already been demonstrated. To date, there is still no therapy able to halt or cure OA. A better understanding of the matrikine landscape occurring with or even preceding obvious degenerative changes in joint tissues is needed and might help to identify molecules that could serve as biomarkers, druggable targets, or even be blueprints for disease modifying drug OA drugs. For this narrative review, we screened PubMed for relevant literature in the English language and summarized the current knowledge regarding the function of selected ECM molecules and the derived matrikines in the context of cartilage and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Rapp
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Li W, Zhang S, Wang D, Zhang H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Wang M, Ding Z, Xu S, Gao B, Yan M. Exosomes Immunity Strategy: A Novel Approach for Ameliorating Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:822149. [PMID: 35223870 PMCID: PMC8870130 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.822149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP), which is one of the most severe medical and social problems globally, has affected nearly 80% of the population worldwide, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that happens to be the primary trigger of LBP. The pathology of IDD is based on the impaired homeostasis of catabolism and anabolism in the extracellular matrix (ECM), uncontrolled activation of immunologic cascades, dysfunction, and loss of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in addition to dynamic cellular and biochemical alterations in the microenvironment of intervertebral disc (IVD). Currently, the main therapeutic approach regarding IDD is surgical intervention, but it could not considerably cure IDD. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30–150 nm, are secreted by various kinds of cell types like stem cells, tumor cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells; the lipid bilayer of the exosomes protects them from ribonuclease degradation and helps improve their biological efficiency in recipient cells. Increasing lines of evidence have reported the promising applications of exosomes in immunological diseases, and regarded exosomes as a potential therapeutic source for IDD. This review focuses on clarifying novel therapies based on exosomes derived from different cell sources and the essential roles of exosomes in regulating IDD, especially the immunologic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Yanan University, Yanan, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Quan Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mo Wang
- The First Brigade of Basic Medical College, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ziyi Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Songjie Xu
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Songjie Xu, ; Bo Gao, ; Ming Yan,
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Zhou L, Zhang W, Lee J, Kuhn L, Chen Y. Controlled Self-Assembly of DNA-Mimicking Nanotubes to Form a Layer-by-Layer Scaffold for Homeostatic Tissue Constructs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51321-51332. [PMID: 34663065 PMCID: PMC8982526 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various biomaterial scaffolds have been developed for improving stem cell anchorage and function in tissue constructs for in vitro and in vivo uses. Growth factors are typically applied to scaffolds to mediate cell differentiation. Conventionally, growth factors are not strictly localized in the scaffolds; thus, they may leak into the surrounding environment, causing undesired side effects on tissues or cells. Hence, there is a need for improved tissue construct strategies based on highly localized drug delivery and a homeostatic microenvironment. This study developed an injectable nanomatrix (NM) scaffold with a layer-by-layer structure inside each nanosized fiber of the scaffold based on controlled self-assembly at the molecular level. The NM was hierarchically assembled from Janus base nanotubes (JBNTs), matrilin-3, and transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1) via bioaffinity. JBNTs, which form the NM backbone, are novel DNA-inspired nanomaterials that mimic the natural helical nanostructures of collagens. The chondrogenic factor, TGF-β1, was enveloped in the inner layer inside the NM fibers to prevent its release. Matrilin-3 was incorporated into the outer layer to create a cartilage-mimicking microenvironment and to maintain tissue homeostasis. Interestingly, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) had a strong preference to anchor along the NM fibers and formed a localized homeostatic microenvironment. Therefore, this NM has successfully generated highly organized structures via molecular self-assembly and achieved localized drug delivery and stem cell anchorage for homeostatic tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Wuxia Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jinhyung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Liisa Kuhn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Yupeng Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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Exosomal MATN3 of Urine-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Antisenescence Effects and Promotes NPC Proliferation and ECM Synthesis by Activating TGF- β. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5542241. [PMID: 34136064 PMCID: PMC8175180 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5542241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective Low back pain (LBP) is one of the top three causes of disability in developed countries, and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major contributor to LBP. In the process of IDD, there is a gradual decrease in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and extracellular matrix (ECM). Exosomes are important exocrine mediators of stem cells that can act directly on cells for tissue repair and regeneration. In this study, we determined the antisenescence, cell proliferation promotion, and ECM modulation effects of human urine-derived stem cell (USC) exosomes (USC-exos) on degenerated intervertebral discs and explored the underlying mechanism. Methods and Materials USCs were identified by multipotent differentiation and flow cytometry for mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) specific surface protein markers. USC-exos were isolated from the conditioned medium of USCs by ultracentrifugation and then analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analysis, and western blotting (WB) for exosome marker proteins. The effects of USC-exos on NPC proliferation and ECM synthesis were assessed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), WB, and immunofluorescence (IF) analyses. The protein differences between normal and degenerative intervertebral discs were mined, and the temporal and spatial variations in matrilin-3 (MATN3) content were determined by WB and IF in the intervertebral disc tissues. The candidate molecules that mediated the function of USC-exos were screened out and confirmed by multiple assays. Meanwhile, the mechanism underlying the candidate protein in USC-exos-induced cell proliferation and regulation of ECM synthesis promoting the activities of NPCs was explored. In addition, the effects of USC-exos on ameliorating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD) in mice were examined by assessing computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histological analyses. Results The flow cytometry results showed that USCs were positive for CD29, CD44, and CD73, which are USC surface-specific markers, but negative for CD34 and CD45. In addition, USCs showed osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation potential. USC-exos exhibited a cup-shaped morphology, with a mean diameter of 49.7 ± 7.3 nm, and were positive for CD63 and TSG101 and negative for calnexin. USC-exos could promote NPC proliferation and ECM synthesis. The protein content of the matrilin family was significantly reduced in degenerative intervertebral discs, and the decrease in MATN3 was the most significant. USC-exos were found to be rich in MATN3 protein, and exosomal MATN3 was required for USC-exos-induced promotion of NPC proliferation and ECM synthesis, as well as alleviation of intervertebral disc degeneration in IVD rats. In addition, the effects of MATN3 in USC-exos were demonstrated to be achieved by activating TGF-β, which elevated the phosphorylation level of SMAD and AKT. Conclusions Our study suggests that reduced MATN3 can be considered a characteristic of intervertebral disc degeneration. USC-exos may represent a potentially effective agent for alleviating intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting NPC proliferation and ECM synthesis by transferring the MATN3 protein.
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García-Alvarado FJ, Delgado-Aguirre HA, Rosales-González M, González-Martínez MDR, Ruiz-Flores P, González-Galarza FF, Arellano Perez Vertti RD. Analysis of Polymorphisms in the MATN3 and DOT1L Genes and CTX-II Urinary Levels in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis in a Northeast Mexican-Mestizo Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:105-111. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. García-Alvarado
- Departamento de Investigación, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Gómez Palacio Durango, México
| | - Héctor A. Delgado-Aguirre
- Departamento de Trasplantes, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Hospital de Especialidades 71, Torreón, México
| | - Manuel Rosales-González
- Departamento de Investigación, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Gómez Palacio Durango, México
| | | | - Pablo Ruiz-Flores
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, México
| | - Faviel F. González-Galarza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, Torreón, México
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Li P, Fleischhauer L, Nicolae C, Prein C, Farkas Z, Saller MM, Prall WC, Wagener R, Heilig J, Niehoff A, Clausen-Schaumann H, Alberton P, Aszodi A. Mice Lacking the Matrilin Family of Extracellular Matrix Proteins Develop Mild Skeletal Abnormalities and Are Susceptible to Age-Associated Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020666. [PMID: 31963938 PMCID: PMC7013758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrilins (MATN1, MATN2, MATN3 and MATN4) are adaptor proteins of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), which bridge the collagen II and proteoglycan networks. In humans, dominant-negative mutations in MATN3 lead to various forms of mild chondrodysplasias. However, single or double matrilin knockout mice generated previously in our laboratory do not show an overt skeletal phenotype, suggesting compensation among the matrilin family members. The aim of our study was to establish a mouse line, which lacks all four matrilins and analyze the consequence of matrilin deficiency on endochondral bone formation and cartilage function. Matn1-4−/− mice were viable and fertile, and showed a lumbosacral transition phenotype characterized by the sacralization of the sixth lumbar vertebra. The development of the appendicular skeleton, the structure of the growth plate, chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival were normal in mutant mice. Biochemical analysis of knee cartilage demonstrated moderate alterations in the extractability of the binding partners of matrilins in Matn1-4−/− mice. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed comparable compressive stiffness but higher collagen fiber diameters in the growth plate cartilage of quadruple mutant compared to wild-type mice. Importantly, Matn1-4−/− mice developed more severe spontaneous osteoarthritis at the age of 18 months, which was accompanied by changes in the biomechanical properties of the articular cartilage. Interestingly, Matn4−/− mice also developed age-associated osteoarthritis suggesting a crucial role of MATN4 in maintaining the stability of the articular cartilage. Collectively, our data provide evidence that matrilins are important to protect articular cartilage from deterioration and are involved in the specification of the vertebral column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Lutz Fleischhauer
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Nicolae
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Carina Prein
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
| | - Zsuzsanna Farkas
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Maximilian Michael Saller
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Wolf Christian Prall
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany;
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Juliane Heilig
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Paolo Alberton
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-55481
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Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is more effective in suppressing cytokine-induced catabolism in cartilage-synovium co-culture than in cartilage monoculture. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:238. [PMID: 31722745 PMCID: PMC6854651 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most in vitro studies of potential osteoarthritis (OA) therapies have used cartilage monocultures, even though synovium is a key player in mediating joint inflammation and, thereby, cartilage degeneration. In the case of interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibition using its receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), like chondrocytes, synoviocytes also express IL-1 receptors that influence intra-articular IL-1 signaling and IL-1Ra efficacy. The short residence time of IL-1Ra after intra-articular injection requires the application of frequent dosing, which is clinically impractical and comes with increased risk of infection; these limitations motivate the development of effective drug delivery strategies that can maintain sustained intra-articular IL-1Ra concentrations with only a single injection. The goals of this study were to assess how the presence of synovium in IL-1-challenged cartilage-synovium co-culture impacts the time-dependent biological response of single and sustained doses of IL-1Ra, and to understand the mechanisms underlying any co-culture effects. Methods Bovine cartilage explants with or without synovium were treated with IL-1α followed by single or multiple doses of IL-1Ra. Effects of IL-1Ra in rescuing IL-1α-induced catabolism in cartilage monoculture and cartilage-synovium co-culture were assessed by measuring loss of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and collagen using DMMB (dimethyl-methylene blue) and hydroxyproline assays, respectively, nitric oxide (NO) release using Griess assay, cell viability by fluorescence staining, metabolic activity using Alamar blue, and proteoglycan biosynthesis by radiolabel incorporation. Day 2 conditioned media from mono and co-cultures were analyzed by mass spectrometry and cytokine array to identify proteins unique to co-culture that contribute to biological crosstalk. Results A single dose of IL-1Ra was ineffective, and a sustained dose was necessary to significantly suppress IL-1α-induced catabolism as observed by enhanced suppression of GAG and collagen loss, NO synthesis, rescue of chondrocyte metabolism, viability, and GAG biosynthesis rates. The synovium exhibited a protective role as the effects of single-dose IL-1Ra were significantly enhanced in cartilage-synovium co-culture and were accompanied by release of anti-catabolic factors IL-4, carbonic anhydrase-3, and matrilin-3. A total of 26 unique proteins were identified in conditioned media from co-cultures, while expression levels of many additional proteins important to cartilage homeostasis were altered in co-culture compared to monocultures; principal component analysis revealed distinct clustering between co-culture and cartilage and synovium monocultures, thereby confirming significant crosstalk. Conclusions IL-1Ra suppresses cytokine-induced catabolism in cartilage more effectively in the presence of synovium, which was associated with endogenous production of anti-catabolic factors. Biological crosstalk between cartilage and synovium is significant; thus, their co-cultures should better model the intra-articular actions of potential OA therapeutics. Additionally, chondroprotective effects of IL-1Ra require sustained drug levels, underscoring the need for developing drug delivery strategies to enhance its joint residence time following a single intra-articular injection.
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11
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Maly K, Schaible I, Riegger J, Brenner RE, Meurer A, Zaucke F. The Expression of Thrombospondin-4 Correlates with Disease Severity in Osteoarthritic Knee Cartilage. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020447. [PMID: 30669608 PMCID: PMC6359043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease characterized by a continuous degradation of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). The expression of the extracellular glycoprotein thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) is known to be increased in injured tissues and involved in matrix remodeling, but its role in articular cartilage and, in particular, in OA remains elusive. In the present study, we analyzed the expression and localization of TSP-4 in healthy and OA knee cartilage by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, and immunoblot. We found that TSP-4 protein expression is increased in OA and that expression levels correlate with OA severity. TSP-4 was not regulated at the transcriptional level but we detected changes in the anchorage of TSP-4 in the altered ECM using sequential protein extraction. We were also able to detect pentameric and fragmented TSP-4 in the serum of both healthy controls and OA patients. Here, the total protein amount was not significantly different but we identified specific degradation products that were more abundant in sera of OA patients. Future studies will reveal if these fragments have the potential to serve as OA-specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Maly
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Marienburgstraße 2, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Inna Schaible
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Marienburgstraße 2, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Jana Riegger
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Rolf E Brenner
- Division for Biochemistry of Joint and Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 45, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Andrea Meurer
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Marienburgstraße 2, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Marienburgstraße 2, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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12
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Hosseininia S, Önnerfjord P, Dahlberg LE. Targeted proteomics of hip articular cartilage in OA and fracture patients. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:131-135. [PMID: 30307059 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic disease, causing joint pain and reduced physical function. OA progresses slowly over a period of several years; to avoid an exacerbation of symptoms, it is critical to able to diagnose the disease as early as possible. The identification of disease-specific biomarkers may enable such an early diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate potential biomarkers of cartilage metabolism in OA using a targeted multiplex approach by single reaction monitoring. Intact looking cartilage of femoral heads from patients with OA (n = 9) or femoral neck fractures (n = 12) was examined. Variations and relative quantifications of 35 selected extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins were analyzed using nano-LC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Our study showed statistically significantly increased levels of asporin (ASPN), mimecan (MIME), matrilin-3 (MATN3), cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP-2), collagen VI, collagen II, and collagen III N-propeptide in OA cartilage compared with non-OA cartilage. The other proteins in the protein panel did not appear to be different between the two groups. In conclusion, we identified a number of cartilage matrix proteins which may represent early molecular changes in the OA process and may have potential to predict the development of OA. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Hosseininia
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrik Önnerfjord
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Centre of Excellence in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leif E Dahlberg
- Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Lund, Sweden
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13
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Pettersson M, Vaz R, Hammarsjö A, Eisfeldt J, Carvalho CMB, Hofmeister W, Tham E, Horemuzova E, Voss U, Nishimura G, Klintberg B, Nordgren A, Nilsson D, Grigelioniene G, Lindstrand A. Alu-Alu mediated intragenic duplications in IFT81 and MATN3 are associated with skeletal dysplasias. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1456-1467. [PMID: 30080953 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias are a diverse group of rare Mendelian disorders with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Here, we used targeted copy number variant (CNV) screening and identified intragenic exonic duplications, formed through Alu-Alu fusion events, in two individuals with skeletal dysplasia and negative exome sequencing results. First, we detected a homozygous tandem duplication of exon 9 and 10 in IFT81 in a boy with Jeune syndrome, or short-rib thoracic dysplasia (SRTD) (MIM# 208500). Western blot analysis did not detect any wild-type IFT81 protein in fibroblasts from the patient with the IFT81 duplication, but only a shorter isoform of IFT81 that was also present in the normal control samples. Complementary zebrafish studies suggested that loss of full-length IFT81 protein but expression of a shorter form of IFT81 protein affects the phenotype while being compatible with life. Second, a de novo tandem duplication of exons 2 to 5 in MATN3 was identified in a girl with multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) type 5 (MIM# 607078). Our data highlights the importance of detection and careful characterization of intragenic duplication CNVs, presenting them as a novel and very rare genetic mechanism in IFT81-related Jeune syndrome and MATN3-related MED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pettersson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raquel Vaz
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Hammarsjö
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Eisfeldt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Claudia M B Carvalho
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Wolfgang Hofmeister
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Tham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Horemuzova
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Voss
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Intractable Disease Center, Saitama University Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Bo Klintberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Visby Hospital, Visby, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Nilsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet Science Park, Solna, Sweden
| | - Giedre Grigelioniene
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Lindstrand
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Wiggenhauser PS, Schwarz S, Rotter N. The distribution patterns of COMP and matrilin-3 in septal, alar and triangular cartilages of the human nose. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:291-300. [PMID: 29721643 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The biomechanical characteristics of septal cartilage depend strongly on the distinct extracellular matrix of cartilage tissue; therefore, it is essential that the components of this matrix are identified and understood. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and matrilin-3 are localised in articular cartilage. This study was the first to examine all subtypes of mature human nasal cartilages (alar, triangular and septal) with specific attention to the distribution of COMP and matrilin-3. Three whole fresh-frozen noses from human donors were dissected, and exemplary biopsies were examined using histochemical staining (haematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue) and immunohistochemistry (collagen II, COMP and matrilin-3). The following three zones within the nasal cartilage were identified: superficial, intermediate and central. COMP was detected as highest in the intermediate zones in all three subtypes of nasal cartilage, whereas matrilin-3 was detected with pericellular deposition mainly within septal cartilage predominantly in the superficial zones. The distinct staining patterns of COMP and matrilin-3 underscore the different functional roles of both proteins in nasal cartilage. According to the literature, COMP might be involved with collagen II in the formation of networks, whereas matrilin-3 is reported to prevent ossification or regulate mechanosensitivity. The predominant staining observed in septal cartilage suggests matrilin-3's modulatory role because of its presence in the osteochondral junctional zone and given that the biomechanical load in septal cartilage is different from that in alar or triangular cartilage. In conclusion, COMP and matrilin-3 were detected in mature human nasal cartilage but displayed different staining patterns that might be explained by the functional roles of the respective matrix protein; however, further research is necessary to identify and define the functional aspects of this morphological difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Severin Wiggenhauser
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Silke Schwarz
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, Salzburg, 90419, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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15
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Mavrogonatou E, Pratsinis H, Papadopoulou A, Karamanos NK, Kletsas D. Extracellular matrix alterations in senescent cells and their significance in tissue homeostasis. Matrix Biol 2017; 75-76:27-42. [PMID: 29066153 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Normal cells after a defined number of successive divisions or after exposure to genotoxic stresses are becoming senescent, characterized by a permanent growth arrest. In addition, they secrete increased levels of pro-inflammatory and catabolic mediators, collectively termed "senescence-associated secretory phenotype". Furthermore, senescent cells exhibit an altered expression and organization of many extracellular matrix components, leading to specific remodeling of their microenvironment. In this review we present the current knowledge on extracellular matrix alterations associated with cellular senescence and critically discuss certain characteristic examples, highlighting the ambiguous role of senescent cells in the homeostasis of various tissues under both normal and pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Mavrogonatou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Harris Pratsinis
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Adamantia Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kletsas
- Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Ageing, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece.
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16
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Diab SM, Kamal HM, Mansour AI, Fawzy RM, Azab BS. Clinical significance of Matrilin-3 gene polymorphism in Egyptian patients with primary knee osteoarthritis. Eur J Rheumatol 2017; 4:200-204. [PMID: 28983412 PMCID: PMC5621842 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2016.16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial, degenerative, and inflammatory disorder of joints causing damage of the articular cartilage, formation of osteophytes, and eburination of the subchondral bone. Matrilin-3 (MATN-3) is a non-collagenous oligomeric extracellular matrix protein (ECM), which is the smallest member of the matrilin family. This study was conducted to identify the potential association and clinical significance of MATN-3 rs8176070 (SNP6) polymorphism in a series of Egyptian patients with primary knee OA. MATERIAL AND METHODS Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine genotypes of MATN-3 SNP6 for 50 primary knee OA patients in addition to 50 healthy subjects of the same sex and age range. Full history was obtained from OA patients, followed by clinical examination, together with clinical assessment of the severity of knee OA using Lequesne Algofunctional Index score and radiological grading using the Kellgren-Lawrence grade scale (KL). RESULTS With regard to genotypes of MATN-3 gene SNP6 (rs8176070), a statistically significant difference between OA patients and healthy control subjects was found for the B\b genotype and b allele (p=0.046 and 0.042 respectively), with the prevalence being higher in OA patients with a high risk to develop OA (Odds Ratio [OR]=2.250, 95% CI=1.011-5.008). Patients with the B\b genotype had worse clinical and radiological findings than those with B\B and b\b genotypes. CONCLUSION The investigated polymorphism in the MATN-3 gene may reflect the risk and severity of knee OA in Egyptian patients, particularly with the B\b genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia M. Diab
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Howyda M. Kamal
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Amira I. Mansour
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. Fawzy
- Department of Rheumatology & Rehabilitation, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Basma S. Azab
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
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17
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Firner S, Zaucke F, Michael J, Dargel J, Schiwy-Bochat KH, Heilig J, Rothschild MA, Eysel P, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Extracellular Distribution of Collagen II and Perifibrillar Adapter Proteins in Healthy and Osteoarthritic Human Knee Joint Cartilage. J Histochem Cytochem 2017; 65:593-606. [PMID: 28846474 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417729154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perifibrillar adapter proteins, interconnecting collagen fibrils, and linking the collagen network with the aggrecan matrix seem to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we examined immunohistochemically the extracellular distribution of collagen II and the main perifibrillar adapter proteins-collagen IX, decorin, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and matrilin-3-in human samples of healthy (n=4) and OA (n=42) knee joint cartilage. Histopathology assessment was performed using an OA score. Staining patterns were evaluated in relation to the disease stage. The perifibrillar adapter proteins were uniformly distributed in the upper zones of healthy cartilage. In moderate OA (n=8; score 14.3 ± 4.7), all proteins analyzed were locally absent in the fibrillated area or the superficial and upper mid zone. In advanced OA (n=20; score 18.9 ± 5.3), they were uniformly distributed in these zones and accumulated pericellularly. Perifibrillar adapter proteins are important for the stabilization of the collagen network in the upper zones of healthy cartilage. Their degradation might be a critical event in early OA. In advanced OA, there are indications for an increased synthesis in an attempt to regenerate the lost tissue and to protect the remaining cartilage from further destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Firner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joern Michael
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Dargel
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Heilig
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Peer Eysel
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gert-Peter Brüggemann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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18
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Abstract
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease, is the most common form of arthritis in the elderly. Problems arising from the condition are not only health, physical, and psychological, but also economical and social. OA is a complex disease causes by environmental factors (obesity, female gender, advancing age) and genetics. A strong genetic contribution to primary OA has been observed in several studies. Asian population is undoubtedly genetically different from European, whom most studies have been performed. This review systematically compares results of molecules involved with OA from studies performed on Asian and Caucasian populations. The clear differences between Asian and Caucasian populations may be from the sex- and ethnic-specific nature of the disease, as well as from the inclusion criteria of the studies. Global collaboration is highly significant in understanding genetic underlying OA. Knowledge gained from genetic study is important to the development of prevention and therapeutic intervention, and to identify individuals at risk of developing severe or progressive OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachaneekorn Tammachote
- PhD, Human Genetics Research, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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19
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Toh WS, Brittberg M, Farr J, Foldager CB, Gomoll AH, Hui JHP, Richardson JB, Roberts S, Spector M. Cellular senescence in aging and osteoarthritis. Acta Orthop 2016; 87:6-14. [PMID: 27658487 PMCID: PMC5389431 DOI: 10.1080/17453674.2016.1235087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
- It is well accepted that age is an important contributing factor to poor cartilage repair following injury, and to the development of osteoarthritis. Cellular senescence, the loss of the ability of cells to divide, has been noted as the major factor contributing to age-related changes in cartilage homeostasis, function, and response to injury. The underlying mechanisms of cellular senescence, while not fully understood, have been associated with telomere erosion, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In this review, we discuss the causes and consequences of cellular senescence, and the associated biological challenges in cartilage repair. In addition, we present novel strategies for modulation of cellular senescence that may help to improve cartilage regeneration in an aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Seong Toh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore,Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Correspondence:
| | - Mats Brittberg
- Cartilage Research Unit, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg,Department of Orthopaedics, Kungsbacka Hospital, Kungsbacka, Sweden
| | - Jack Farr
- Indiana University School of Medicine, OrthoIndy Cartilage Restoration Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Andreas H Gomoll
- Cartilage Repair Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James Hoi Po Hui
- Tissue Engineering Program, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore,Cartilage Repair Program, Therapeutic Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - James B Richardson
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire,Institute for Science andTechnology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Sally Roberts
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire,Institute for Science andTechnology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Myron Spector
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Tissue Engineering Laboratories, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Yilmaz AD, Yazicioğlu D, Tuzuner Oncul MA, Ereş G, Sayan NB. Association of Matrilin-3 Gene Polymorphism with Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:563-568. [PMID: 27533128 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ ID) is a multifactorial complex disease characterised by articular disc degeneration. Matrilin-3 is a cartilage and bone-specific adaptor protein, and amino-acid substitutions in the protein are associated with skeletal diseases and joint disorders. We aimed to detect the variants of Matrilin-3 gene (MATN3) in a TMJ ID case-control group and to investigate the risk association of the detected variants with TMJ ID. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case control study was conducted consisting of 57 unrelated TMJ ID patients (32.7 ± 8.2) and 96 unrelated healthy controls (26.63 ± 3.05) without TMJ ID to look for associations with variants of the MATN3 gene. DNA from individual subjects was extracted and each of the eight exons was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using and analyzed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. SSCP variants were subjected to DNA sequence analysis, which yielded band pattern variations in exon 2 of the gene. We further analyzed exon 2 by DNA sequencing to determine the sequence of these variants. RESULTS We identified SSCP band patterns variants in exon 2 of the MATN3 gene which upon sequencing revealed a single C to T transition mutation (rs28598872) c.447 C>T (g.11608 C>T). This polymorphism is predicted to result in a synonymous mutation (pAla149 = ). The TT and CT genotypes were more prevalent than the CC genotype in TMJ ID patients compared to the control group with a risk factor of 2.12 (confidence intervals [CI] :0.88-5.08) and 2.0 (CI:0.726-5.508). In addition, TMJ ID patients were divided into two groups as anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) and anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) and compared with the controls. The TT and CT genotypes were more prevalent than the CC genotype in ADDWR patients compared to the control group with a risk factor of 3.85 (CI:0.927-16.048) and 3.75 (1.02-13.786), respectively. We found that, among ADDWR patients, the T allele is a risk factor both in homozygous and heterozygous carriers (p < 0.052, p < 0.036). CONCLUSION The results of the study indicate a potential role for the MATN3 rs28598872 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of TMJ ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayça Dilara Yilmaz
- 1 Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Yazicioğlu
- 2 Private Practice , Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mine Aysegul Tuzuner Oncul
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülden Ereş
- 4 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nejat Bora Sayan
- 2 Private Practice , Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
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Muttigi MS, Han I, Park HK, Park H, Lee SH. Matrilin-3 Role in Cartilage Development and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17040590. [PMID: 27104523 PMCID: PMC4849044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage performs essential functions in differentiation and chondroprogenitor cell maintenance during development and regeneration. Here, we discuss the vital role of matrilin-3, an ECM protein involved in cartilage development and potential osteoarthritis pathomechanisms. As an adaptor protein, matrilin-3 binds to collagen IX to form a filamentous network around cells. Matrilin-3 is an essential component during cartilage development and ossification. In addition, it interacts directly or indirectly with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) eventually regulates chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophic differentiation. Interestingly, matrilin-3 increases interleukin receptor antagonists (IL-Ra) in chondrocytes, suggesting its role in the suppression of IL-1β-mediated inflammatory action. Matrilin-3 downregulates the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes, such as a disintegrin metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 (ADAMTS4) and ADAMTS5, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), and collagen X, a hypertrophy marker during development and inflammatory conditions. Matrilin-3 essentially enhances collagen II and aggrecan expression, which are required to maintain the tensile strength and elasticity of cartilage, respectively. Interestingly, despite these attributes, matrilin-3 induces osteoarthritis-associated markers in chondrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Existing data provide insights into the critical role of matrilin-3 in inflammation, matrix degradation, and matrix formation in cartilage development and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunatha S Muttigi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Korea.
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea.
| | - Hun-Kuk Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collage of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea.
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Korea.
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22
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Pap T, Korb-Pap A. Cartilage damage in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis—two unequal siblings. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2015.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Comparison of Engineered Peptide-Glycosaminoglycan Microfibrous Hybrid Scaffolds for Potential Applications in Cartilage Tissue Regeneration. FIBERS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/fib3030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yucesoy B, Charles LE, Baker B, Burchfiel CM. Occupational and genetic risk factors for osteoarthritis: a review. Work 2015; 50:261-73. [PMID: 24004806 PMCID: PMC4562436 DOI: 10.3233/wor-131739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease with strong genetic and occupational components. Although published studies have described several risk factors for OA, very few studies have investigated the occupational and genetic factors that contribute to this debilitating condition. OBJECTIVE To describe occupational and genetic factors that may contribute to the risk of developing (OA). METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed using the search terms osteoarthritis, occupation, work, and genetics. RESULTS Heavy physical work load was the most common occupational risk factor for OA in several anatomical locations. Other factors include kneeling and regular stair climbing, crawling, bending and whole body vibration, and repetitive movements. Numerous studies have also shown the influence of genetic variability in the pathogenesis of OA. Genetic variants of several groups of genes e.g., cartilage extracellular matrix structural genes and the genes related to bone density have been implicated in disease pathogenesis. CONCLUSION This review shows that occupational factors were extensively studied in knee OA unlike OA of other anatomical regions. Although genetic association studies performed to date identified a number of risk variants, some of these associations have not been consistently replicated across different studies and populations. Therefore, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berran Yucesoy
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Luenda E. Charles
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brent Baker
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Cecil M. Burchfiel
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
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25
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Zhang Z. Chondrons and the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2014; 21:267-77. [PMID: 25366980 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In cartilage, chondrocytes are embedded within an abundant extracellular matrix (ECM). A typical chondron consists of a chondrocyte and the immediate surrounding pericellular matrix (PCM). The PCM has a patent structure, defined molecular composition, and unique physical properties that support the chondrocyte. Given this spatial position, the PCM is pivotal in mediating communication between chondrocytes and the ECM and, thus, plays a critical role in cartilage homeostasis. The biological function and mechanical properties of the PCM have been extensively studied, mostly in the form of chondrons. This review intends to summarize recent progress in chondron and chondrocyte PCM research, with emphasis on the re-establishment of the PCM by isolated chondrocytes or mesenchymal stem cells during chondrogenic differentiation, and the effects of the PCM on cartilage tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Zhang
- Orthobiologic Laboratory, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
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26
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Yang X, Trehan SK, Guan Y, Sun C, Moore DC, Jayasuriya CT, Chen Q. Matrilin-3 inhibits chondrocyte hypertrophy as a bone morphogenetic protein-2 antagonist. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34768-79. [PMID: 25331953 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.583104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased chondrocyte hypertrophy is often associated with cartilage joint degeneration in human osteoarthritis patients. Matrilin-3 knock-out (Matn3 KO) mice exhibit these features. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we sought a molecular explanation for increased chondrocyte hypertrophy in the mice prone to cartilage degeneration. We analyzed the effects of Matn3 on chondrocyte hypertrophy and bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling by quantifying the hypertrophic marker collagen type X (Col X) gene expression and Smad1 activity in Matn3 KO mice in vivo and in Matn3-overexpressing chondrocytes in vitro. The effect of Matn3 and its specific domains on BMP activity were quantified by Col X promoter activity containing the Bmp-responsive element. Binding of MATN3 with BMP-2 was determined by immunoprecipitation, solid phase binding, and surface plasmon resonance assays. In Matn3 KO mice, Smad1 activity was increased more in growth plate chondrocytes than in wild-type mice. Conversely, Matn3 overexpression in hypertrophic chondrocytes led to inhibition of Bmp-2-stimulated, BMP-responsive element-dependent Col X expression and Smad1 activity. MATN3 bound BMP-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Multiple epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains clustered together by the coiled coil of Matn3 is required for Smad1 inhibition. Hence, as a novel BMP-2-binding protein and antagonist in the cartilage extracellular matrix, MATN3 may have the inherent ability to inhibit premature chondrocyte hypertrophy by suppressing BMP-2/Smad1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Samir K Trehan
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Yingjie Guan
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Changqi Sun
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Douglas C Moore
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Chathuraka T Jayasuriya
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Qian Chen
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
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27
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Ruthard J, Kamper M, Renno JH, Kühn G, Hillebrand U, Höllriegl S, Johannis W, Zaucke F, Klatt AR. COMP does not directly modify the expression of genes involved in cartilage homeostasis in contrast to several other cartilage matrix proteins. Connect Tissue Res 2014; 55:348-56. [PMID: 25111190 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2014.951440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated whether COMP may modify cartilage metabolism and play a role as an endogenous disease aggravating factor in OA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Full-length and momomeric COMP was recombinantly expressed in human embryonic kidney cells and purified it via affinity chromatography. Purified COMP was used to stimulate either primary human chondrocytes or cartilage explants. Changes in the expression profiles of inflammatory genes, differentiation markers and growth factors were examined by immunoassay and by quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Incubation of primary human chondrocytes or cartilage explants in the presence of COMP did not induce statistically significant changes in the expression of IL-6, MMP1, MMP13, collagen I, collagen II, collagen X, TGF-β1 and BMP-2. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to collagen II and matrilin-3, COMP lacks the ability to trigger a proinflammatory response in chondrocytes, although it carries an RGD motif and can bind to integrins. COMP is a well-accepted biomarker for osteoarthritis but increased COMP levels do not necessarily correlate with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Ruthard
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
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28
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Bates JT, Jacobs JC, Shea KG, Oxford JT. Emerging genetic basis of osteochondritis dissecans. Clin Sports Med 2014; 33:199-220. [PMID: 24698039 DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide an unbiased approach in the identification of genes that increase the risk for osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). Recent GWAS in humans, horses, and pigs are reviewed and genes identified. The identified genes tended to cluster with respect to function and biologic processes. GWAS in humans are a critical next step in the effort to provide a better understanding of the causes of OCD, which will, in turn, allow preventive strategies for treatment of adolescents and young adults who are at risk for the development of degenerative joint disease due to the effects of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tyler Bates
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Research Center, Musculoskeletal Research Institute, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - John C Jacobs
- University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Kevin G Shea
- St. Luke's Sports Medicine, St. Luke's Health System, St. Luke's Children's Hospital, 600 North Robbins Road, Suite 400, Boise, ID 83702, USA; Department of Orthopedics, University of Utah, 590 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Research Center, Musculoskeletal Research Institute, Boise State University, 1910 University Drive, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
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The role of changes in extracellular matrix of cartilage in the presence of inflammation on the pathology of osteoarthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:284873. [PMID: 24069595 PMCID: PMC3771246 DOI: 10.1155/2013/284873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that affects various tissues surrounding joints such as articular cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial membrane, and ligaments. No therapy is currently available to completely prevent the initiation or progression of the disease partly due to poor understanding of the mechanisms of the disease pathology. Cartilage is the main tissue afflicted by OA, and chondrocytes, the sole cellular component in the tissue, actively participate in the degeneration process. Multiple factors affect the development and progression of OA including inflammation that is sustained during the progression of the disease and alteration in biomechanical conditions due to wear and tear or trauma in cartilage. During the progression of OA, extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage is actively remodeled by chondrocytes under inflammatory conditions. This alteration of ECM, in turn, changes the biomechanical environment of chondrocytes, which further drives the progression of the disease in the presence of inflammation. The changes in ECM composition and structure also prevent participation of mesenchymal stem cells in the repair process by inhibiting their chondrogenic differentiation. This review focuses on how inflammation-induced ECM remodeling disturbs cellular activities to prevent self-regeneration of cartilage in the pathology of OA.
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30
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Hamann N, Zaucke F, Dayakli M, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Growth-related structural, biochemical, and mechanical properties of the functional bone-cartilage unit. J Anat 2012; 222:248-59. [PMID: 23083449 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage and subchondral bone act together, forming a unit as a weight-bearing loading-transmitting surface. A close interaction between both structures has been implicated during joint cartilage degeneration, but their coupling during normal growth and development is insufficiently understood. The purpose of the present study was to examine growth-related changes of cartilage mechanical properties and to relate these changes to alterations in cartilage biochemical composition and subchondral bone structure. Tibiae and femora of both hindlimbs from 7- and 13-week-old (each n = 12) female Sprague-Dawley rats were harvested. Samples were processed for structural, biochemical and mechanical analyses. Immunohistochemical staining and protein expression analyses of collagen II, collagen IX, COMP and matrilin-3, histomorphometry of cartilage thickness and COMP staining height were performed. Furthermore, mechanical testing of articular cartilage and micro-CT analysis of subchondral bone was conducted. Growth decreased cartilage thickness, paralleled by a functional condensation of the underlying subchondral bone due to enchondral ossification. Cartilage mechanical properties seem to be rather influenced by growth-related changes in the assembly of major ECM proteins such as collagen II, collagen IX and matrilin-3 than by growth-related alterations in its underlying subchondral bone structure. Importantly, the present study provides a first insight into the growth-related structural, biochemical and mechanical interaction of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Finally, these data contribute to the general knowledge about the cooperation between the articular cartilage and subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hamann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Germany
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31
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Jayasuriya CT, Goldring MB, Terek R, Chen Q. Matrilin-3 induction of IL-1 receptor antagonist is required for up-regulating collagen II and aggrecan and down-regulating ADAMTS-5 gene expression. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R197. [PMID: 22967398 PMCID: PMC3580507 DOI: 10.1186/ar4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Deletion or mutation of the gene encoding the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) protein matrilin-3 (MATN3) results in the early onset of osteoarthritis (OA), suggesting chondroprotective properties of MATN3. To understand the mechanisms underlying these properties, we determined the effects of MATN3 protein on the expression of several key anabolic and catabolic genes involved in chondrocyte homeostasis, and the dependence of such regulation on the anti-inflammatory cytokine: IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Methods The effects of recombinant human (rh) MATN3 protein were examined in C28/I2 immortalized human chondrocytes, primary human chondrocytes (PHCs), and primary mouse chondrocytes (PMCs). Messenger RNA levels of IL-1Ra, COL2A1, ACAN, MMP-13, and ADAMTS-4 and -5 were determined using real-time RT-PCR. Knocking down IL-1Ra was achieved by siRNA gene silencing. IL-1Ra protein levels were quantified by ELISA and the Bio-Plex Suspension Array System. COL2A1 protein level was quantified using Western blot analysis. Statistic analysis was done using the two-tailed t-test or one-way ANOVA. Results rhMATN3 protein induced gene expression of IL-1Ra in C28/I2 cells, PHCs, and PMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of C28/I2 cells and PHCs with MATN3 protein stimulated gene expression of COL2A1 and ACAN. Conversely, mRNA levels of COL2A1 and ACAN were decreased in MATN3 KO mice. MATN3 protein treatment inhibited IL-1β-induced MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 in C28/I2 cells and PHCs. Knocking down IL-1Ra abolished the MATN3-mediated stimulation of COL2A1 and ACAN and inhibition of ADAMTS-5, but had no effect on MATN3 inhibition of MMP-13 mRNA. Conclusion Our findings point to a novel regulatory role of MATN3 in cartilage homeostasis due to its capacity to induce IL-1Ra, to upregulate gene expression of the major cartilage matrix components, and to downregulate the expression of OA-associated matrix-degrading proteinases in chondrocytes. The chondroprotective properties of endogenous MATN3 depend partly on its induction of IL-1Ra. Our findings raise a possibility to use rhMATN3 protein for anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective therapy.
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32
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Gu J, Rong J, Guan F, Jiang L, Tao S, Guan G, Tao T. MATN3 gene polymorphism is associated with osteoarthritis in Chinese Han population: a community-based case-control study. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:656084. [PMID: 22973175 PMCID: PMC3432353 DOI: 10.1100/2012/656084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The matrilin, especially matrilin-3 (MATN3), are reported to play important roles in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). To explore the relationship between MATN3 SNP6 (rs8176070) and primary OA, we conducted a community-based case-control study. Methods. A total of 732 community residents aged 40–84 years participated in the community-based study in Northeast China. After taking physical and radiographic examinations, 420 of the residents were diagnosed OA (216 women and 204 men). The other 312 individuals without any symptoms of osteoarthritis or signs in the radiographs (156 women and 156 men) were considered as healthy controls. After obtaining the DNA of case and control groups, genotypes of the MATN3 SNP6 were determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The numbers of patients with different OA subtypes were also calculated. Results. The distribution of genotypes and alleles of the MATN3 SNP6 between OA patients and controls was different significantly. The BB carrier tends to be associated with the increased osteoarthritis (P = 0.025, OR = 1.724, 95% CI = 1.071–2.77), especially the knee osteoarthritis (P = 0.021, OR = 2.402, 95% CI = 1.141–5.060) and lumber osteoarthritis (P = 0.020, OR = 1.880, 95% CI = 1.103–3.204). Bb carrier increased hand osteoarthritis risk (P = 0.002, OR = 5.380, 95% CI = 1.828–15.835). The B allele might have an effect on the increased knee osteoarthritis (P = 0.000, OR = 3.143, 95% CI = 2.283–4.328). Conclusion. These findings suggest that the MATN3 gene polymorphism might be associated with osteoarthritis in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaao Gu
- Department of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150086, China
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Hamann N, Zaucke F, Heilig J, Oberländer KD, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Effect of different running modes on the morphological, biochemical, and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2012; 24:179-88. [PMID: 22889098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical loading plays an important role not solely in cartilage development, but also in cartilage degeneration. Its adaptation behavior to mechanical loading has not been clearly delineated. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of different running modes (with different muscle contraction types) on morphological, biochemical, and mechanical properties of articular cartilage in the knee of growing rats. Thirty-six female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into a nonactive age-matched control (AMC), level (LEVEL), and 20° downhill (DOWN) running group (n = 12 each). Running groups were trained on a treadmill for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Immunohistochemical staining and analysis of expression for collagen II, collagen IX, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and matrilin-3, histomorphometry of femoral cartilage height and femoral COMP staining height, and indentation testing of tibial articular cartilage were performed. Rats subjected to downhill running showed a significantly (P = 0.015) higher COMP staining height and a tendentially (P = 0.084) higher cartilage height in the high-weight bearing area of femoral articular cartilage. Cartilage thickness, mechanical properties, and expression of cartilage network proteins in tibial cartilage remained unaffected by different running modes. Our data suggest that joint loading induced by eccentric muscle contractions during downhill running may lead to a site-specific adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hamann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Vincourt JB, Gillet P, Rat AC, Guillemin F, Netter P, Mainard D, Magdalou J. Measurement of matrilin-3 levels in human serum and synovial fluid using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:783-6. [PMID: 22469847 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J-B Vincourt
- UMR 7561 CNRS-UL, Faculté de Médecine, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Vincourt JB, Etienne S, Grossin L, Cottet J, Bantsimba-Malanda C, Netter P, Mainard D, Libante V, Gillet P, Magdalou J. Matrilin-3 switches from anti- to pro-anabolic upon integration to the extracellular matrix. Matrix Biol 2012; 31:290-8. [PMID: 22521401 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has long been viewed primarily as an organized network of solid-phase ligands for integrin receptors. During degenerative processes, such as osteoarthritis, the ECM undergoes deterioration, resulting in its remodeling and in the release of some of its components. Matrilin-3 (MATN3) is an almost cartilage specific, pericellular protein acting in the assembly of the ECM of chondrocytes. In the past, MATN3 was found required for cartilage homeostasis, but also involved in osteoarthritis-related pro-catabolic functions. Here, to better understand the pathological and physiological functions of MATN3, its concentration as a circulating protein in articular fluids of human osteoarthritic patients was determined and its functions as a recombinant protein produced in human cells were investigated with particular emphasis on the physical state under which it is presented to chondrocytes. MATN3 down-regulated cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and up-regulated catabolism when administered as a soluble protein. When artificially immobilized, however, MATN3 induced chondrocyte adhesion via a α5β1 integrin-dependent mechanism, AKT activation and favored survival and ECM synthesis. Furthermore, MATN3 bound directly to isolated α5β1 integrin in vitro. TGFβ1 stimulation of chondrocytes allowed integration of exogenous MATN3 into their ECM and ECM-integrated MATN3 induced AKT phosphorylation and improved ECM synthesis and accumulation. In conclusion, the integration of MATN3 to the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes critically determines the direction toward which MATN3 regulates cartilage metabolism. These data explain how MATN3 plays either beneficial or detrimental functions in cartilage and highlight the important role played by the physical state of ECM molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Vincourt
- UMR 7561 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Vincourt JB, Vignaud JM, Lionneton F, Sirveaux F, Kawaki H, Marchal S, Lomazzi S, Plénat F, Guillemin F, Netter P, Takigawa M, Mainard D, Magdalou J. Increased expression of matrilin-3 not only in osteoarthritic articular cartilage but also in cartilage-forming tumors, and down-regulation of SOX9 via epidermal growth factor domain 1-dependent signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:2798-808. [PMID: 18759284 DOI: 10.1002/art.23761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify regulators of the cartilaginous phenotype, on the basis of their differential expression in human conventional chondrogenic tumors compared with articular cartilage. METHODS Differential proteomics analysis revealed matrilin-3 (MATN3) as a candidate regulator of the cartilaginous phenotype. Its capacity to modulate gene expression was investigated in human HCS-2/8 chondrosarcoma cells and transfected chondrocytes, using cell culture fractionation, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analyses. RESULTS Increased expression of the cartilage-specific matrix protein MATN3 was specifically observed in enchondromas and conventional chondrosarcomas. A substantial fraction of MATN3 was found in cytoplasmic structures of tumor cells, as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. Analyses of intracellular MATN3 revealed that it corresponded to an imperfectly maturated MATN3 polypeptide, both in HCS-2/8 human chondrosarcoma cells and in transfected human chondrocytes. Moderately increased expression of MATN3 resulted in its intracellular retention. Antibody-mediated blockade of soluble, extracellular MATN3 in HCS-2/8 cell cultures resulted in increased expression of MATN3 and the chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9. Conversely, increased ectopic expression of MATN3 resulted in decreased expression of MATN3 and SOX9 in primary chondrocytes, while a mutant MATN3 lacking its first epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain failed to down-regulate SOX9. CONCLUSION Aberrant expression and processing of MATN3 are hallmarks of conventional cartilaginous neoplasms. A particular step in the maturation of MATN3 limits its processing through the secretion machinery, resulting in its intracellular accumulation upon increased expression. Soluble, secreted MATN3, however, down-regulates SOX9 at the messenger RNA and protein levels. The first EGF-like domain of MATN3 is a critical determinant of its regulatory activity toward SOX9. These activities of MATN3 suggest that its increased expression in osteoarthritis might contribute to the degeneration of articular cartilage.
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Chen Z, Huang L, Yan JJ, Yan YQ. Involvement of extracellular matrix protein matrilin-2 in oval cell-mediated rat liver regeneration. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:346-349. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i4.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate possible involvement of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein matrilin-2 in oval cell-mediated liver regeneration in rats.
METHODS: A rat model of hepatic oval cell proliferation was established using the modified Soft-Farber protocol. The control group was fed normal saline. On days 2, 4, 6, 9, 12 and 15 after partial hepatectomy (PH), rat liver tissue samples were collected. The dynamic relationship between matrilin-2 protein expression and oval cell distribution during the proliferation and differentiation of oval cells was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and Western blot.
RESULTS: On day 2 after PH, oval cells began to proliferate around the portal area, and matrilin-2 deposition was observed in the hepatic sinusoids in the periportal area. On day 9, proliferating oval cells were present in the hepatic acini, and matrilin-2 upregulation was noted. On day 12, as oval cells differentiated to form hepatocellular nodules, matrilin-2 was distributed mainly in the periphery of the nodules, and little protein was present in the nodules. The expression level of matrilin-2 protein began to be upregulated on day 2 after PH, and reached the peak on day 9. After day 12, the protein level returned to physiological level.
CONCLUSION: The close relationship between matrilin-2 expression and oval cell distribution suggests a role for the protein in stem cell-fed liver regeneration.
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Klatt AR, Klinger G, Paul-Klausch B, Kühn G, Renno JH, Wagener R, Paulsson M, Schmidt J, Malchau G, Wielckens K. Matrilin-3 activates the expression of osteoarthritis-associated genes in primary human chondrocytes. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:3611-7. [PMID: 19840795 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Revised: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we tested the matrilin-3-dependent induction of osteoarthritis-associated genes in primary human chondrocytes. Matrilin stimulation leads to the induction of MMP1, MMP3, MMP13, COX-2, iNOS, IL-1beta, TNFalpha, IL-6 and IL-8. Furthermore, we show the participation of ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 in the in vitro degradation of matrilin-3. We provide evidence for a matrilin-3-dependent feed-forward mechanism of matrix degradation, whereby proteolytically-released matrilin-3 induces pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as ADAMTS4 and -5 indirectly via IL-1beta. ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5, in turn, cleave matrilin-3 and may release more matrilin-3 from the matrix, which could lead to further release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases in cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas R Klatt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University of Cologne, Germany.
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Eliasson GJ, Verbruggen G, Stefansson SE, Ingvarsson T, Jonsson H. Hand radiology characteristics of patients carrying the T303M mutation in the gene for matrilin‐3. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 35:138-42. [PMID: 16641049 DOI: 10.1080/03009740500303215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the recently described hand osteoarthritis (HOA)-associated T(303)M mutation in the gene for matrilin-3 (MATN3) is associated with specific radiological changes on hand radiographs. METHOD Standard hand radiographs from 26 HOA patients carrying the T(303)M missense mutation in the MATN3 gene (T(303)M patients) were compared with those from 52 HOA controls matched for sex, age, and clinical disease severity. Two blinded readers scored the radiographs, using the Verbruggen-Veys anatomical scoring system for the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints and the OARSI atlas scoring system for the first carpometacarpal (CMC1) joints. A scoring system based on the latter was used for the scaphoid-trapezoid-trapezoideum (STT) joints. RESULTS No particular distinguishing features were found in the T(303)M patients and the prevalence of erosive and cystic changes was similar to the control group. As a group, however, the T(303)M patients had more severe thumb-base affection, particularly in the STT joint. Thus, definite radiological OA in both CMC1 and STT joints and higher STT scores compared with CMC1 were significantly more common in patients carrying the T(303)M mutation. Radiological scores for joint-space narrowing (CMC1 and STT) and osteophytes (STT) were also significantly higher in the T(303)M patients. CONCLUSION Patients carrying the T(303)M mutation in the gene for matrilin-3 express a form of HOA that is radiologically indistinguishable from idiopathic HOA in individual patients but they have more severe thumb-base involvement, particularly in the STT joint. This is the first described genetic mutation that is associated with a common form of osteoarthritis.
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Kannu P, Bateman JF, Belluoccio D, Fosang AJ, Savarirayan R. Employing molecular genetics of chondrodysplasias to inform the study of osteoarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 60:325-34. [PMID: 19180483 DOI: 10.1002/art.24251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kannu
- University of Melbourne, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, and Genetic Health Services Victoria, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Nicolae C, Ko YP, Miosge N, Niehoff A, Studer D, Enggist L, Hunziker EB, Paulsson M, Wagener R, Aszodi A. Abnormal collagen fibrils in cartilage of matrilin-1/matrilin-3-deficient mice. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:22163-75. [PMID: 17502381 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m610994200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrilins are oligomeric extracellular matrix adaptor proteins mediating interactions between collagen fibrils and other matrix constituents. All four matrilins are expressed in cartilage and mutations in the human gene encoding matrilin-3 (MATN3) are associated with different forms of chondrodysplasia. Surprisingly, however, Matn3-null as well as Matn1- and Matn2-null mice do not show an overt skeletal phenotype, suggesting a dominant negative pathomechanism for the human disorders and redundancy/compensation among the family members in the knock-out situation. Here, we show that mice lacking both matrilin-1 and matrilin-3 develop an apparently normal skeleton, but exhibit biochemical and ultrastructural abnormalities of the knee joint cartilage. At the protein level, an altered SDS-PAGE band pattern and a clear up-regulation of the homotrimeric form of matrilin-4 were evident in newborn Matn1/Matn3 and Matn1 knock-out mice, but not in Matn3-null mice. The ultrastructure of the cartilage matrix after conventional chemical fixation was grossly normal; however, electron microscopy of high pressure frozen and freeze-substituted samples, revealed two consistent observations: 1) moderately increased collagen fibril diameters throughout the epiphysis and the growth plate in both single and double mutants; and 2) increased collagen volume density in Matn1(-/-)/Matn3(-/-) and Matn3(-/-) mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that matrilin-1 and matrilin-3 modulate collagen fibrillogenesis in cartilage and provide evidence that biochemical compensation might exist between matrilins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nicolae
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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Pullig O, Tagariello A, Schweizer A, Swoboda B, Schaller P, Winterpacht A. MATN3 (matrilin-3) sequence variation (pT303M) is a risk factor for osteoarthritis of the CMC1 joint of the hand, but not for knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:279-80. [PMID: 17242023 PMCID: PMC1798488 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.058263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Opolka A, Ratzinger S, Schubert T, Spiegel HU, Grifka J, Bruckner P, Probst A, Grässel S. Collagen IX is indispensable for timely maturation of cartilage during fracture repair in mice. Matrix Biol 2007; 26:85-95. [PMID: 17112713 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2006.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Revised: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fracture repair recapitulates in adult organisms the sequence of cell biological events of endochondral ossification during skeletal development and growth. After initial inflammation and deposition of granulation tissue, a cartilaginous callus is formed which, subsequently, is remodeled into bone. In part, bone formation is influenced also by the properties of the extracellular matrix of the cartilaginous callus. Deletion of individual macromolecular components can alter extracellular matrix suprastructures, and hence stability and organization of mesenchymal tissues. Here, we took advantage of the collagen IX knockout mouse model to better understand the role of this collagen for organization, differentiation and maturation of a cartilaginous template during formation of new bone. Although a seemingly crucial component of cartilage fibrils is missing, collagen IX-deficient mice develop normally, but are predisposed to premature joint cartilage degeneration. However, we show here that lack of collagen IX alters the time course of callus differentiation during bone fracture healing. The maturation of cartilage matrix was delayed in collagen IX-deficient mice calli as judged by collagen X expression during the repair phase and the total amount of cartilage matrix was reduced. Entering the remodeling phase of fracture healing, Col9a1(-/-) calli retained a larger percentage of cartilage matrix than in wild type indicating also a delayed formation of new bone. We concluded that endochondral bone formation can occur in collagen IX knockout mice but is impaired under conditions of stress, such as the repair of an unfixed fractured long bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Opolka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Experimental Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Regensburg, Germany
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Belluoccio D, Wilson R, Thornton DJ, Wallis TP, Gorman JJ, Bateman JF. Proteomic analysis of mouse growth plate cartilage. Proteomics 2007; 6:6549-53. [PMID: 17163436 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage is a highly specialized load-bearing tissue with a small number of cells and a high proportion of extracellular matrix (ECM). The abundance of heavily sulfated proteoglycans and a poorly soluble collagenous ECM presents a major technical challenge to 2-DE. Here we report proteomic analysis of mouse growth plate cartilage using novel methodology for tissue dissection and sample prefractionation. We have successfully resolved cartilage tissue extracts by 2-DE for the first time and identified cartilage ECM proteins by Western blotting and MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Belluoccio
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and the Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Kanbe K, Yang X, Wei L, Sun C, Chen Q. Pericellular matrilins regulate activation of chondrocytes by cyclic load-induced matrix deformation. J Bone Miner Res 2007; 22:318-28. [PMID: 17129169 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.061104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pericellular matrix is at the ideal location to be involved in transmitting mechanical signals from the microenvironment to a cell. We found that changes of the content of matrilins that link various pericellular molecules surrounding chondrocytes affect mechanical stimulation of chondrocyte proliferation and gene expression. Thus, pericellular matrilins may play a role in chondrocyte mechanotransduction. INTRODUCTION Chondrocytes reside in a capsule of pericellular matrix (chondron), which has been hypothesized to play a critical role in transducing mechanical signals to the cell. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the levels of matrilin (MATN)-1 and -3, major components of the chondrocyte pericellular matrix network, regulate activation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation by cyclic load-induced matrix deformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Functional matrilins were decreased by expressing a dominant negative mini-MATN in primary chondrocytes or by using MATN1-null chondrocytes. The abundance of matrilins was also increased by expressing a wildtype MATN1 or MATN3 in chondrocytes. Chondrocytes were cultured in a 3D sponge subjected to cyclic deformation at 1 Hz. Chondrocyte gene expression was quantified by real-time RT-PCR and by Western blot analysis. Matrilin pericellular matrix assembly was examined by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Elimination of functional matrilins from pericellular matrix abrogated mechanical activation of Indian hedgehog signaling and abolished mechanical stimulation of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. Excessive or reduced matrilin content decreased mechanical response of chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Normal content of matrilins is essential to optimal activation of chondrocytes by mechanical signals. Our data suggest that the sensitivity of chondrocytes to the changes in the microenvironment can be adjusted by altering the content of matrilins in pericellular matrix. This finding supports a critical role of pericellular matrix in chondrocyte mechano-transduction and has important implications in cartilage tissue engineering and mechanical adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuaki Kanbe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University/Medical Center East, Japan
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Steck E, Bräun J, Pelttari K, Kadel S, Kalbacher H, Richter W. Chondrocyte secreted CRTAC1: a glycosylated extracellular matrix molecule of human articular cartilage. Matrix Biol 2006; 26:30-41. [PMID: 17074475 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2006] [Revised: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 09/05/2006] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1), a novel human marker which allowed discrimination of human chondrocytes from osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells in culture was so far studied only on the RNA-level. We here describe its genomic organisation and detect a new brain expressed (CRTAC1-B) isoform resulting from alternate last exon usage which is highly conserved in vertebrates. In humans, we identify an exon sharing process with the neighbouring tail-to-tail orientated gene leading to CRTAC1-A. This isoform is produced by cultured human chondrocytes, localized in the extracellular matrix of articular cartilage and its secretion can be stimulated by BMP4. Of five putative O-glycosylation motifs in the last exon of CRTAC1-A, the most C-terminal one is modified according to exposure of serial C-terminal deletion mutants to the O-glycosylation inhibitor Benzyl-alpha-GalNAc. Both isoforms contain four FG-GAP repeat domains and an RGD integrin binding motif, suggesting cell-cell or cell-matrix interaction potential. In summary, CRTAC1 acquired an alternate last exon from the tail-to-tail oriented neighbouring gene in humans resulting in the glycosylated isoform CRTAC1-A which represents a new extracellular matrix molecule of articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Steck
- Division of Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Schlierbacher Landstrasse 200a, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany
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van der Weyden L, Wei L, Luo J, Yang X, Birk DE, Adams DJ, Bradley A, Chen Q. Functional knockout of the matrilin-3 gene causes premature chondrocyte maturation to hypertrophy and increases bone mineral density and osteoarthritis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2006; 169:515-27. [PMID: 16877353 PMCID: PMC1698783 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2006.050981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding matrilin-3 (MATN3), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein, have been reported in a variety of skeletal diseases, including multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, which is characterized by irregular ossification of the epiphyses and early-onset osteoarthritis, spondylo-epimetaphyseal dysplasia, and idiopathic hand osteoarthritis. To assess the role of matrilin-3 in the pathogenesis of these diseases, we generated Matn3 functional knockout mice using embryonic stem cell technology. In the embryonic growth plate of the developing long bones, Matn3 null chondrocytes prematurely became prehypertrophic and hypertrophic, forming an expanded zone of hypertrophy. This expansion was attenuated during the perinatal period, and Matn3 homozygous null mice were viable and showed no gross skeletal malformations at birth. However, by 18 weeks of age, Matn3 null mice had a significantly higher total body bone mineral density than Matn1 null mice or wild-type littermates. Aged Matn3 null mice were much more predisposed to develop severe osteoarthritis than their wild-type littermates. Here, we show that matrilin-3 plays a role in modulating chondrocyte differentiation during embryonic development, in controlling bone mineral density in adulthood, and in preventing osteoarthritis during aging. The lack of Matn3 does not lead to postnatal chondrodysplasia but accounts for higher incidence of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise van der Weyden
- Mouse Genomics Lab, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Min JL, Meulenbelt I, Riyazi N, Kloppenburg M, Houwing-Duistermaat JJ, Seymour AB, van Duijn CM, Slagboom PE. Association of matrilin-3 polymorphisms with spinal disc degeneration and osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint of the hand. Ann Rheum Dis 2006; 65:1060-6. [PMID: 16396979 PMCID: PMC1798238 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2005.045153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seven polymorphisms in the matrilin-3(MATN3) gene were previously tested for genetic association with hand osteoarthritis in an Icelandic cohort. One of the variants, involving a conserved amino acid substitution (T303M; SNP5), was related to idiopathic hand osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVES To investigate SNP5 and two other promising polymorphisms (rs2242190; SNP3, rs8176070; SNP6) for association with radiographic and symptomatic hand osteoarthritis phenotypes, as well as other heritable phenotypes. METHODS Polymorphisms were examined in two distinct cohorts of subjects: a population based sample from the Rotterdam study (n = 809), and affected siblings from the genetics, osteoarthrosis and progression (GARP) study (n = 382). RESULTS The originally described association of T303M with the hand osteoarthritis phenotype was not observed in the populations studied. In the Rotterdam sample, however, carrying the T allele of T303M conferred an odds ratio of 2.9 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2 to 7.3; p = 0.02) for spinal disc degeneration. In the GARP study, carriers of the A allele of SNP6 had an odds ratio of 2.0 (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.1, p = 0.004) for osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal joint (CMC1) as compared with the Rotterdam sample as a control group. Subsequent haplotype analysis showed that a common haplotype, containing the risk allele of SNP6, conferred a significant risk in sibling pairs with CMC1 osteoarthritis (odds ratio = 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1 to 2.7, p = 0.02)). CONCLUSIONS These associations suggest that the MATN3 region also determines susceptibility to spinal disc degeneration and CMC1 osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Min
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, Netherlands.
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Wagener R, Ehlen HWA, Ko YP, Kobbe B, Mann HH, Sengle G, Paulsson M. The matrilins--adaptor proteins in the extracellular matrix. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:3323-9. [PMID: 15943978 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The matrilins form a four-member family of modular, multisubunit matrix proteins, which are expressed in cartilage but also in many other forms of extracellular matrix. They participate in the formation of fibrillar or filamentous structures and are often associated with collagens. It appears that they mediate interactions between collagen-containing fibrils and other matrix constituents, such as aggrecan. This adaptor function may be modulated by physiological proteolysis that causes the loss of single subunits and thereby a decrease in binding avidity. Attempts to study matrilin function by gene inactivation in mouse have been frustrating and so far not yielded pronounced phenotypes, presumably because of the extensive redundancy within the family allowing compensation by one family member for another. However, mutations in matrilin-3 in humans cause different forms of chondrodysplasias and perhaps also hand osteoarthritis. As loss of matrilin-3 is not critical in mouse, these phenotypes are likely to be caused by dominant negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Str. 52, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
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Cicha I, Yilmaz A, Klein M, Raithel D, Brigstock DR, Daniel WG, Goppelt-Struebe M, Garlichs CD. Connective tissue growth factor is overexpressed in complicated atherosclerotic plaques and induces mononuclear cell chemotaxis in vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005; 25:1008-13. [PMID: 15761189 DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.0000162173.27682.7b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atherosclerotic blood vessels overexpress connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA, but the role of CTGF in atherosclerosis remains controversial. To assess the hypothesis that CTGF is involved in atherosclerotic plaque progression, we investigated CTGF protein expression and distribution in the different types of plaque morphology. METHODS AND RESULTS Serial cross-sections of 45 human carotid plaques were immunohistochemically analyzed for the presence of CTGF protein, neovascularization (von Willebrand factor), macrophages (CD68), and T cells (CD3). The lesions were categorized according to American Heart Association (AHA) classification as fibrous (type IV and V) or complicated plaques (type VI). The levels of CTGF were significantly higher in complicated compared with fibrous plaques (P=0.002). CTGF accumulated particularly in the rupture-prone plaque shoulder and in the areas of neovascularization or infiltration with inflammatory cells. Macrophage-like cells stained positive for CTGF protein in plaques. Subsequent in vitro studies showed that although monocyte-derived macrophages do not produce CTGF on stimulation with transforming growth factor-beta, lipopolysaccharide, or thrombin, they take it up from culture medium. Furthermore, CTGF induces mononuclear cell chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS CTGF protein is significantly increased in complicated compared with fibrous plaques and may enhance monocyte migration into atherosclerotic lesions, thus contributing to atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Cicha
- Medical Clinic II, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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