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Fouad AM, El-Senousey HK, Ruan D, Wang S, Xia W, Zheng C. Tryptophan in poultry nutrition: Impacts and mechanisms of action. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:1146-1153. [PMID: 33655568 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown that productivity, immune system, antioxidant status, and meat and egg quality can be optimized by dietary supplementation with amino acids that are not usually added to poultry diets. Understanding the effects of these amino acids may encourage feed manufacturers and poultry producers to include them as additives. One of these amino acids is tryptophan (Trp). The importance of Trp is directly related to its role in protein anabolism and indirectly related to its metabolites such as serotonin and melatonin. Thus, Trp could affect the secretion of hormones, development of immune organs, meat and egg production, and meat and egg quality in poultry raised under controlled or stressed conditions. Therefore, this review discusses the main roles of Trp in poultry production and its mode (s) of action in order to help poultry producers decide whether they need to add Trp to poultry diets. Further areas of research are also identified to address information gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohamed Fouad
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - HebatAllah Kasem El-Senousey
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dong Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiguang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuntian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Khoobbakht Z, Roostaei-Ali Mehr M, Mohammadi M, Mohammadghasemi F, Sohani MM. Supplementation of various zinc sources modify sexual development and testicular IGF family gene expression in pre-pubertal male Japanese quail. Res Vet Sci 2020; 130:87-92. [PMID: 32155471 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Zinc plays an important role in the regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). IGF system, in turn, has a key role in the development and functions of the reproductive organs. This research was performed to investigate the effects of different sources of zinc on IGF-I gene expression and testicular development in pre-pubertal male Japanese quail. A total of 512 unsexed day-old Japanese quail chicks were randomly divided into 16 groups (4 dietary treatments × 4 replicates) and kept for 35 days. The control group diet was not supplemented with zinc whereas the diets of three groups were supplemented with 25 mg kg-1 zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnON), and zinc-methionine (Zn-Met). On days 28 and 35, one birds from each subgroup were weighed, bled, and euthanized to evaluate gonado-somatic index (GSI), testicular histology, serum testosterone concentration, cloacal gland index (CGI), and the testicular IGF family gene expression. The results showed that GSI was higher in ZnON (2.307) than control (1.619) on day 35 (P < .05). Germinal epithelium thickness was higher in ZnON (78.88 μm) and Zn-Met (79.73 μm) than control (67.73 μm) on day 35 (P < .05). On day 35, the testosterone concentration was lowest in the control (5.830 ng/ml, P < .05). The CGI of 35-day-old birds was higher in Zn-Met (411.28) than the control (307.59, P < .05). IGF-IR mRNA expression was highest in Zn-Met group on day 28. Therefore, supplementation of diet with Zn-methionine is superior to other sources of zinc for diet supplementation in immature Japanese quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Khoobbakht
- Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Mohammadi
- Animal Science Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Sohani
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
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Cytological analysis of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A expression in porcine neonatal testis. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.12750/jet.2018.33.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Park HJ, Lee WY, Chai SY, Woo JS, Chung HJ, Park JK, Song H, Hong K. Expression of Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 and Regulation of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Axis in Pig Testis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-018-0041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hoffman F, Boretto E, Vitale S, Gonzalez V, Vidal G, Pardo MF, Flores MF, Garcia F, Bagnis G, Queiroz OCM, Rabaglino MB. Maternal nutritional restriction during late gestation impairs development of the reproductive organs in both male and female lambs. Theriogenology 2017; 108:331-338. [PMID: 29288977 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Maternal nutritional restrictions during late gestation could lead to fetal hypoglycemia. Glucose levels in the fetal sheep regulate circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels, which stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation of reproductive organs after binding to its own receptor or estrogen receptors. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of subnutrition of ewes during the last trimester of gestation on the serum glucose/IGF1 levels and development of reproductive organs in their lambs. Pregnant ewes carrying singletons were randomly assigned to restricted (R ewes, n = 8) or control (C ewes, n = 8) groups (4 lambs of each gender/group) and fed with 50% or 100% of metabolic energy requirements from ∼100 days of gestation to term (∼147 days), respectively. Blood samples from lambs were taken on the first day after born and once at week for serum glucose and IGF1 determination. Lambs were euthanatized at 2 months of age, reproductive organs were weighted and tissue samples were collected from them for histology and to measure mRNA expression of IGF1 and its receptor (IGF1R) by qRT-PCR. Pre-partum glucose levels in R ewes were significantly lower compared to C ewes (p < .05). Compared to lambs born from C ewes, lambs born from R ewes showed lower serum levels of glucose and IGF1 during the first week of age (p < .05). At 2 month of age, these lambs had significant lower uterine and testicular weight and lower ovarian, uterine and testicular mRNA expressions of IGF1 and its receptor (p < .05). Histological findings showed that diameter of secondary and tertiary follicles in ovaries and number of endometrial glands in uterus of females, or number of Sertoli cells and seminiferous tubules and diameter, perimeter and tubular area in testicles of males were significantly lower in lambs born from R ewes compared to the respective organs of lambs born from the C ewes (p < .05). In conclusion, these results demonstrate that maternal subnutrition during late gestation affects IGF1 levels during fetal life and impairs reproductive development in the neonatal lamb, which could have permanent negative consequences in the future reproductive performance of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hoffman
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina
| | - E Boretto
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - S Vitale
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - V Gonzalez
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - G Vidal
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - M F Pardo
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - M F Flores
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - F Garcia
- Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - G Bagnis
- Department of Animal Pathology, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - O C M Queiroz
- Department of Animal Health and Nutrition, Chr-Hansen, Argentina
| | - M B Rabaglino
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina; Department of Animal Reproduction, College of Agronomy and Veterinary, National University of Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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Doheny BM, Kohno S, Parrott BB, Guillette LJ. In ovo treatment with an estrogen receptor alpha selective agonist causes precocious development of the female reproductive tract of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 238:96-104. [PMID: 26994582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The molecular signaling processes involved the differentiation of the Müllerian duct (MD) into the female reproductive tract, or oviduct, in non-mammalian vertebrates are not well understood. Studies in mammals and birds indicate that steroid hormones play a role in this process, as the embryonic MD has been shown to be vulnerable to exogenous estrogens and progestins and environmental endocrine disrupting contaminants. In a previous study, developmental treatment with an estrogen receptor α (ERα) agonist, 4,4',4″-(4-propyl-[1H]-pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl)trisphenol (PPT), induced significant enlargement of the MD in alligator embryos incubated at a male-producing temperature, which was not observed in embryos treated with an estrogen receptor β (ERβ) agonist, 7-bromo-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-ol (WAY 200070), or with 17β-estradiol (E2). In order to understand the role of estrogen signaling in female alligator oviduct development, we incubated eggs at a female-producing temperature and treated them with E2 and these ER selective agonists, PPT and WAY 200070, just prior to the thermosensitive window of sex determination. At stage 27, one stage prior to hatching, PPT induced significant enlargement of the MD with precocious development of secretory glands and connective tissue differentiation similar to characteristics of mature adult oviduct. PPT treatment in ovo increased mRNA expression of ERβ, progesterone receptor, androgen receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 in MD at stage 27, while expression of ERα was decreased. Neither WAY 200070 nor E2 treatment induced these effects seen in PPT-treated MD. The results of this study provide insight into the critical factors for healthy reproductive system formation in this sentinel species, although further investigation is needed to determine whether the observed phenomena are directly due to selective stimulation of ERα or related to some other aspect of PPT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenna M Doheny
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
| | - Satomi Kohno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Benjamin B Parrott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
| | - Louis J Guillette
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA
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Hrabia A. Growth hormone production and role in the reproductive system of female chicken. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 220:112-8. [PMID: 25796478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The expression and role of growth hormone (GH) in the reproductive system of mammals is rather well established. In birds the limited information thus far available suggests that GH is an endocrine or paracrine/autocrine regulator of ovarian and oviductal functions too. GH and its receptors are expressed in all compartments of the ovary and oviduct and change accordingly to physiological state. The intra-ovarian role of GH likely includes the regulation of steroidogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis, the modulation of LH action and the synthesis of IGFs (insulin-like growth factors). In the oviduct, GH is also involved in the regulation of oviduct-specific protein expression. The present study provides a review of current knowledge on the presence and action of GH in the female reproduction, in which it is likely that act in endocrine, autocrine or paracrine mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hrabia
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
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Mohammadi H, Ansari-Pirsaraei Z. Changes in some blood parameters and production performance of old laying hens due to growth hormone and testosterone injection. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:483-90. [PMID: 23808354 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The experiment was designed to study the changes in some blood parameters and production performance of old laying hens after injection of different doses of growth hormone (GH) and testosterone (Ts). A total of 160 old laying hens (HyLine W-36) at 73 weeks of age were weighed individually and randomly allocated to four treatments with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate in a completely randomized design. Growth hormone and Ts hormones were injected subcutaneously. Treatment groups were as follows: treatment 1: injection of 100 μl distiled water (control group), treatment 2: injection of 500 μg Ts/kg live-weight + 50 μgGH/kg live-weight, treatment 3: injection of 500 μgTs/kg live-weight + 100 μgGH/kg live-weight and treatment 4: injection of 500 μgTs/kg live-weight + 150 μgGH/kg live-weight. Plasma levels of oestradiol, T4 , LDL, HDL and cholesterol significantly increased in treatment 3 in relation to the control group. All injected hens showed significantly higher levels of glucose in relation to control group. The results showed the positive effects of GH and Ts administration on production performance and blood parameters which are associated with egg production potentiality and in turn may improve reproductivity (egg production) in old laying hens. The positive results of the study may be useful in animal selection and breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mohammadi
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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Beriat GK, Akmansu SH, Dogan C, Ezerarslan H, Han U, Saglam M, Senel OO, Kocaturk S. The effect of subcutaneous Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) injection on rabbit auricular cartilage autograft viability. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2012; 12:213-8. [PMID: 23198934 PMCID: PMC4362494 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2012.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) is one of the significant substances affecting the growth and development of cartilage tissue in the body. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible histopathological effects of local IGF-1 injection on the viability of rabbit auricular cartilage autografts. To this end, the single-piece and sliced cartilage tissues obtained from 20 albino rabbits' auricula were implanted in the subcutaneous pockets created on the back skins of the experimental animals. Every two weeks IGF-1 (10 mg/ml) injections were performed on the autograft implants of one group and normal saline (0.9%) injections were performed on the other group. Experimental animals were sacrificed at the end of the third month. A total of 34 tissue samples obtained after dissection were evaluated and scored histopathologically according to their cartilage viability, environmental reaction, and regenerative activities. The intergroup evaluation carried out for the single-piece and sliced cartilage grafts revealed that there was statistically more cartilage viability and less foreign-body reaction in the IGF-1 group than the normal saline group (p<0.05). While there was a statistically significant difference between the groups for single-piece grafts regarding regenerative activity (p<0.05), there was no significant difference for sliced grafts. The IGF-1 group, however, showed more activity. The results we obtained point out to the fact that IGF-1 increases the tissue viability of the implanted auricular autograft and it suppresses immune modulation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guclu Kaan Beriat
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical School, Ufuk University, Mevlana Avenue No: 84, 06520 Ankara, Turkey.
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Yagci A, Zik B. Immunohistochemical Localization of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Receptor (IGF-IR) in the Developing and Mature Rat Testes. Anat Histol Embryol 2006; 35:305-9. [PMID: 16968249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2006.00689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
It has been suggested that insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) plays an important role in the regulation of spermatogenesis in the testes. Its signal is mediated predominantly by the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR). Signalling through IGF-IR has been shown to have a potent survival function. IGF-IR, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase, is widely expressed across many cell types. In this study, we demonstrated the distribution of IGF-IR in testes of differently aged rats. Anti-IGF-IR is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against a peptide mapping at the carboxy terminus of the IGF-IR of human origin. Testicular specimens were fixed in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin. The paraffin-embedded sections were processed for standard immunohistochemistry by the labelled streptavidin-biotin technique. At postnatal day 19, IGF-IR immunoreactivity was seen moderately in spermatogonia, and slightly both in leptotene and zygotene primary spermatocytes. At postnatal day 35, immunoreactivity was seen slightly both in the pachytene primary spermatocytes and Leydig cells. Although there was intense immunoreactivity in the Leydig cells and in the elongated spermatids on days 50 and 70, the intensity of reaction was decreased in the elongated spermatids in the 10th month. Our results suggest that IGF-IR may play significant roles in testicular function and germ cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yagci
- Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey.
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Berishvili G, D'Cotta H, Baroiller JF, Segner H, Reinecke M. Differential expression of IGF-I mRNA and peptide in the male and female gonad during early development of a bony fish, the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2006; 146:204-10. [PMID: 16412440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2005.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Revised: 10/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) plays a key role in the complex system that regulates bony fish growth, differentiation, and reproduction. The major source of circulating IGF-I is liver, but IGF-I-producing cells also occur in other organs, including the gonads. Because no data are available on the potential production sites of IGF-I in gonad development, developmental stages of monosex breedings of male and female tilapia from 0 day postfertilization (DPF) to 90 DPF were investigated for the production sites of IGF-I at the peptide (immunohistochemistry) and mRNA (in situ hybridization) level. IGF-I mRNA first appeared in somatic cells of the male and female gonad anlage at 7 DPF followed by IGF-I peptide around 9-10 DPF. Gonad anlagen were detected from 7 DPF. Starting at 7 DPF, IGF-I peptide but no IGF-I mRNA was observed in male and female primordial germ cells (PGCs) provided that IGF-I mRNA was not under the detection level, this observation may suggest that IGF-I originates from the somatic cells and is transferred to the PGCs or is of maternal origin. While in female germ cells IGF-I mRNA and peptide appeared at 29 DPF, in male germ cells both were detected as late as at 51-53 DPF. It is assumed that the production of IGF-I in the germ cells is linked to the onset of meiosis that in tilapia ovary starts at around 28 DPF and in testes at around 52-53 DPF. In adult testis, IGF-I mRNA and peptide occurred in the majority of spermatogonia and spermatocytes as well as in Leydig cells, the latter indicating a role of IGF-I in the synthesis of male sex steroids. In adult ovary, IGF-I mRNA and IGF-I peptide were always present in small and previtellogenic oocytes but only IGF-I peptide infrequently occurred in oocytes at the later stages. IGF-I expression appeared in numerous granulosa and some theca cells of follicles at the lipid stage and persisted in follicles with mature oocytes. The results suggest a crucial role of local IGF-I in the formation, differentiation and function of tilapia gonads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgi Berishvili
- Division of Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Abd-Elmaksoud A, Abo-Elmaksoud A, Sinowatz F. Expression and localization of growth factors and their receptors in the mammalian testis. Part I: Fibroblast growth factors and insulin-like growth factors. Anat Histol Embryol 2005; 34:319-34. [PMID: 16159374 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2005.00651.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is now well established that normal development and function of testis are mediated by endocrine and paracrine pathways including hormones, growth factors and cytokines as well as by direct cell-to-cell contacts depending on tight, adhering and gap junctions. In the last two decades, several growth factors were identified in the testis of various mammalian species. Growth factors are shown to promote cell proliferation, regulate tissue differentiation, and modulate organogenesis. Interestingly, most of these peptides are expressed not only in the adult mammalian testis during spermatogenesis but also during testicular morphogenesis in prenatal and postnatal life. Our study was launched to provide an overview of the expression, localization, and putative physiological roles of growth factors and their receptors in the mammalian testis. The growth factors considered in this part of our review are fibroblast growth factors and insulin-like growth factors. These factors are found in testicular cells in prenatal, postnatal, and adult animals and are implicated in the regulation of important testicular activities including testicular cord morphogenesis, modulation of testicular hormone secretion and control of spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abd-Elmaksoud
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy II, University of Munich, Veterinärstrasse 13, D-80539 Munich, Germany
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Fu Z, Noguchi T, Kato H. Differential regulation of IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-5 gene expression by vitamin A status in Japanese quail. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 281:E138-46. [PMID: 11404231 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.1.e138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the involvement of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in vitamin A (VA)-supported growth, we examined the effects of VA status on IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and -5 gene expression in Japanese quail. VA deficiency caused a reduction in IGFBP-2 mRNA only in lung, without effect in other tissues. However, the expression of IGFBP-5 mRNA was more sensitive to the change of VA status. IGFBP-5 mRNA levels were significantly reduced by VA depletion in a tissue-specific manner, which preceded the decrease in body weight. A single injection of retinoic acid or retinol to VA-deficient quail did not affect the levels of IGFBP-2 mRNA, but it rapidly induced the expression of IGFBP-5 mRNAs in some tissues. These results are the first to show that gene expression of some IGFBPs in vivo are under the control of VA status and suggest a possible involvement of the IGF system in mediating the physiological actions of VA in the growth of Japanese quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Fu
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113 - 8657, Japan
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