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Disatham J, Brennan L, Cvekl A, Kantorow M. Multiomics Analysis Reveals Novel Genetic Determinants for Lens Differentiation, Structure, and Transparency. Biomolecules 2023; 13:693. [PMID: 37189439 PMCID: PMC10136076 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing and data analysis have provided new gateways for identification of novel genome-wide genetic determinants governing tissue development and disease. These advances have revolutionized our understanding of cellular differentiation, homeostasis, and specialized function in multiple tissues. Bioinformatic and functional analysis of these genetic determinants and the pathways they regulate have provided a novel basis for the design of functional experiments to answer a wide range of long-sought biological questions. A well-characterized model for the application of these emerging technologies is the development and differentiation of the ocular lens and how individual pathways regulate lens morphogenesis, gene expression, transparency, and refraction. Recent applications of next-generation sequencing analysis on well-characterized chicken and mouse lens differentiation models using a variety of omics techniques including RNA-seq, ATAC-seq, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), chip-seq, and CUT&RUN have revealed a wide range of essential biological pathways and chromatin features governing lens structure and function. Multiomics integration of these data has established new gene functions and cellular processes essential for lens formation, homeostasis, and transparency including the identification of novel transcription control pathways, autophagy remodeling pathways, and signal transduction pathways, among others. This review summarizes recent omics technologies applied to the lens, methods for integrating multiomics data, and how these recent technologies have advanced our understanding ocular biology and function. The approach and analysis are relevant to identifying the features and functional requirements of more complex tissues and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Disatham
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (J.D.); (L.B.)
| | - Lisa Brennan
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (J.D.); (L.B.)
| | - Ales Cvekl
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences and Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Marc Kantorow
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (J.D.); (L.B.)
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Caldeira P, Fonseca ST, Paulo A, Infante J, Araújo D. Linking Tensegrity to Sports Team Collective Behaviors: Towards the Group-Tensegrity Hypothesis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2020; 6:24. [PMID: 32504195 PMCID: PMC7275100 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-020-00253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Collective behaviors in sports teams emerge from the coordination between players formed from their perception of shared affordances. Recent studies based on the theoretical framework of ecological dynamics reported new analytical tools to capture collective behavior variables that describe team synergies. Here, we introduce a novel hypothesis based on the principles of tensegrity to describe collective behavior. Tensegrity principles operate in the human body at different size scales, from molecular to organism levels, in structures connected physically (biotensegrity). Thus, we propose that a group of individuals connected by information can exhibit synergies based on the same principles (group-tensegrity), and we provide an empirical example based on the dynamics of a volleyball team sub-phase of defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Caldeira
- Ciper, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Spertlab, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal.
| | - Sérgio Teixeira Fonseca
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Paulo
- Laboratoire CIAMS, Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris Sarclay, Orsay, France
- Laboratoire CIAMS, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Jorge Infante
- Ciper, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Spertlab, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal
| | - Duarte Araújo
- Ciper, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Spertlab, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, Portugal
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Mechanisms Underlying the Absence of Cancers of the Human Crystalline Lens. Int Ophthalmol Clin 2016; 57:49-56. [PMID: 27898613 DOI: 10.1097/iio.0000000000000159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wilk I, Kurpas D, Andrzejewski W, Okręglicka-Forysiak E, Gworys B, Kassolik K. The Application of Tensegrity Massage in a Professionally Active Musician - Case Report. Rehabil Nurs 2014; 41:179-92. [PMID: 24711091 DOI: 10.1002/rnj.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of our study was to present options for the application of tensegrity massage to manage pain caused by the overload of soft tissues in musicians. DESIGN Tensegrity massage was applied to a 34-year-old male violinist. METHODS The methodology included a correct positioning and tensegrity massage with individually designed procedure. FINDINGS After therapy, the patient achieved complete pain relief, and relaxation of muscles in the shoulder girdle and free part of the upper arm. The analgesic effect lasted for 6 months after the end of therapy. CONCLUSIONS Massage is an effective method in eliminating pain caused by the overload of soft tissues. If used regularly before physical effort, it can prevent muscle overload. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The presented massage procedure is an effective therapy in pain caused by the overload of soft tissues in musicians and it can be one of the elements of complex physiotherapy in active musicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Wilk
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Donata Kurpas
- Department of Family Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.,Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Waldemar Andrzejewski
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.,Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Ewa Okręglicka-Forysiak
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bohdan Gworys
- Department of Anatomy, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kassolik
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education in Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland.,Public Higher Medical Professional School in Opole, Opole, Poland
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Scheiblin DA, Gao J, Caplan JL, Simirskii VN, Czymmek KJ, Mathias RT, Duncan MK. Beta-1 integrin is important for the structural maintenance and homeostasis of differentiating fiber cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 50:132-45. [PMID: 24607497 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
β1-Integrin is a heterodimeric transmembrane protein that has roles in both cell-extra-cellular matrix and cell-cell interactions. Conditional deletion of β1-integrin from all lens cells during embryonic development results in profound lens defects, however, it is less clear whether this reflects functions in the lens epithelium alone or whether this protein plays a role in lens fibers. Thus, a conditional approach was used to delete β1-integrin solely from the lens fiber cells. This deletion resulted in two distinct phenotypes with some lenses exhibiting cataracts while others were clear, albeit with refractive defects. Analysis of "clear" conditional knockout lenses revealed that they had profound defects in fiber cell morphology associated with the loss of the F-actin network. Physiological measurements found that the lens fiber cells had a twofold increase in gap junctional coupling, perhaps due to differential localization of connexins 46 and 50, as well as increased water permeability. This would presumably facilitate transport of ions and nutrients through the lens, and may partially explain how lenses with profound structural abnormalities can maintain transparency. In summary, β1-integrin plays a role in maintaining the cellular morphology and homeostasis of the lens fiber cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Scheiblin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Junyuan Gao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-8661, United States
| | - Jeffrey L Caplan
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Vladimir N Simirskii
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Kirk J Czymmek
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States
| | - Richard T Mathias
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11794-8661, United States
| | - Melinda K Duncan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States.
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Comparison of Massage Based on the Tensegrity Principle and Classic Massage in Treating Chronic Shoulder Pain. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2013; 36:418-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Maina JN, Jimoh SA, Hosie M. Implicit mechanistic role of the collagen, smooth muscle, and elastic tissue components in strengthening the air and blood capillaries of the avian lung. J Anat 2010; 217:597-608. [PMID: 20819116 PMCID: PMC3035864 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify the forces that may exist in the parabronchus of the avian lung and that which may explain the reported strengths of the terminal respiratory units, the air capillaries and the blood capillaries, the arrangement of the parabronchial collagen fibers (CF) of the lung of the domestic fowl, Gallus gallus variant domesticus was investigated by discriminatory staining, selective alkali digestion, and vascular casting followed by alkali digestion. On the luminal circumference, the atrial and the infundibular CF are directly connected to the smooth muscle fibers and the elastic tissue fibers. The CF in this part of the parabronchus form the internal column (the axial scaffold), whereas the CF in the interparabronchial septa and those associated with the walls of the interparabronchial blood vessels form the external, i.e. the peripheral, parabronchial CF scaffold. Thin CF penetrate the exchange tissue directly from the interparabronchial septa and indirectly by accompanying the intraparabronchial blood vessels. Forming a dense network that supports the air and blood capillaries, the CF weave through the exchange tissue. The exchange tissue, specifically the air and blood capillaries, is effectively suspended between CF pillars by an intricate system of thin CF, elastic and smooth muscle fibers. The CF course through the basement membranes of the walls of the blood and air capillaries. Based on the architecture of the smooth muscle fibers, the CF, the elastic muscle fibers, and structures like the interparabronchial septa and their associated blood vessels, it is envisaged that dynamic tensional, resistive, and compressive forces exist in the parabronchus, forming a tensegrity (tension integrity) system that gives the lung rigidity while strengthening the air and blood capillaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Maina
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Kassolik K, Jaskólska A, Kisiel-Sajewicz K, Marusiak J, Kawczyński A, Jaskólski A. Tensegrity principle in massage demonstrated by electro- and mechanomyography. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2009; 13:164-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Saotome I, Curto M, McClatchey AI. Ezrin is essential for epithelial organization and villus morphogenesis in the developing intestine. Dev Cell 2004; 6:855-64. [PMID: 15177033 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2004.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2003] [Revised: 04/07/2004] [Accepted: 04/07/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ezrin, Radixin, and Moesin (the ERM proteins) supply regulated linkage between membrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton. The study of mammalian ERM proteins has been hampered by presumed functional overlap. We have found that Ezrin, the only ERM detected in epithelial cells of the developing intestine, provides an essential role in configuring the mouse intestinal epithelium. Surprisingly, Ezrin is not absolutely required for the formation of brush border microvilli or for the establishment or maintenance of epithelial polarity. Instead, Ezrin organizes the apical terminal web region, which is critical for the poorly understood process of de novo lumen formation and expansion during villus morphogenesis. Our data also suggest that Ezrin controls the localization and/or function of certain apical membrane proteins that support normal intestinal function. These in vivo studies highlight the critical function of Ezrin in the formation of a multicellular epithelium rather than an individual epithelial cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiko Saotome
- MGH Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School Department of Pathology, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Abstract
Although the shortening of smooth muscle at physiological lengths is dominated by an interaction between external forces (loads) and internal forces, at very short lengths, internal forces appear to dominate the mechanical behavior of the active tissue. We tested the hypothesis that, under conditions of extreme shortening and low external force, the mechanical behavior of isolated canine tracheal smooth muscle tissue can be understood as a structure in which the force borne and exerted by the cross bridge and myofilament array is opposed by radially disposed connective tissue in the presence of an incompressible fluid matrix (cellular and extracellular). Strips of electrically stimulated tracheal muscle were allowed to shorten maximally under very low afterload, and large longitudinal sinusoidal vibrations (34 Hz, 1 s in duration, and up to 50% of the muscle length before vibration) were applied to highly shortened (active) tissue strips to produce reversible cross-bridge detachment. During the vibration, peak muscle force fell exponentially with successive forced elongations. After the episode, the muscle either extended itself or exerted a force against the tension transducer, depending on external conditions. The magnitude of this effect was proportional to the prior muscle stiffness and the amplitude of the vibration, indicating a recoil of strained connective tissue elements no longer opposed by cross-bridge forces. This behavior suggests that mechanical behavior at short lengths is dominated by tissue forces within a tensegrity-like structure made up of connective tissue, other extracellular matrix components, and active contractile elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Meiss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
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Abstract
In 1993, a Commentary in this journal described how a simple mechanical model of cell structure based on tensegrity architecture can help to explain how cell shape, movement and cytoskeletal mechanics are controlled, as well as how cells sense and respond to mechanical forces (J. Cell Sci. 104, 613-627). The cellular tensegrity model can now be revisited and placed in context of new advances in our understanding of cell structure, biological networks and mechanoregulation that have been made over the past decade. Recent work provides strong evidence to support the use of tensegrity by cells, and mathematical formulations of the model predict many aspects of cell behavior. In addition, development of the tensegrity theory and its translation into mathematical terms are beginning to allow us to define the relationship between mechanics and biochemistry at the molecular level and to attack the larger problem of biological complexity. Part I of this two-part article covers the evidence for cellular tensegrity at the molecular level and describes how this building system may provide a structural basis for the hierarchical organization of living systems--from molecule to organism. Part II, which focuses on how these structural networks influence information processing networks, appears in the next issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald E Ingber
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Enders 1007, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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