Rahimi K, Nourishirazi A, Delaviz H, Ghotbeddin Z. Antinociceptive effects of gamma-linolenic acid in the formalin test in the rats.
Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024;
86:2677-2683. [PMID:
38694379 PMCID:
PMC11060212 DOI:
10.1097/ms9.0000000000002001]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background
Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is found in animals and plants that play a role in brain function and metabolism.
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effects of GLA on peripheral formalin injection.
Methods
Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Sham, formalin, formalin/GLA 100 mg/kg, and formalin/GLA 150 mg/kg. The Formalin test was utilized to create a pain model. A tissue sample was prepared from the spinal cords of rats to measure oxidative stress parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the authors analyzed the expression of c-Fos protein in the spinal cords.
Results
Our findings demonstrate that GLA has a reliable pain-relieving effect in the formalin test. GLA 100 increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P<0.05), glutathione (GSH) (P<0.001), and catalase (CAT) (P<0.05), and decreased the levels of c-Fos (P<0.001), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) (P<0.001), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (P<0.001), and malondialdehyde (MDA) (P<0.001) in the spinal cord. Also GLA 150 increased SOD (P<0.05), GSH (P<0.001), and CAT (P<0.05) and decreased the levels of c-Fos (P<0.001), IL-1β (P<0.001), TNF-α (P<0.001), and MDA (P<0.001) in the spinal cord.
Conclusion
The findings have validated the antinociceptive impact of GLA and hinted towards its immunomodulatory influence in the formalin test.
Collapse