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Xing L, Xu J, Wei Y, Chen Y, Zhuang H, Tang W, Yu S, Zhang J, Yin G, Wang R, Zhao R, Qin D. Depression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Focusing on Pathogenesis and Treatment. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2024; 22:109-119. [PMID: 38694155 PMCID: PMC11058923 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.23021032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent gynecological endocrine conditions affecting reproductive women. It can feature a variety of symptoms, such as obesity, insulin resistance, skin conditions, and infertility. Women with PCOS are susceptible to illnesses including mood disorders, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Among them, depression is the most common in PCOS and has a detrimental effect on quality of life. Depression may occasionally develop due to the pathological traits of PCOS, but its exact pathogenesis in PCOS have eluded researchers to date. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the pathogenesis and treatments of depression in PCOS. The present review discusses the epidemiology of depression in PCOS, potential pathogenic mechanisms underlying PCOS and depression, as well as some potential factors causing depression in PCOS, including obesity, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, inflammation, and infertility. Meanwhile, some common treatment strategies for depression in PCOS, such as lifestyle intervention, acupuncture, oral contraceptive pills, psychological intervention, and insulin-sensitizer, are also reviewed. To fully understand the pathogenesis and treatment of depression in PCOS, a need remains for future large-scale multi-center randomized controlled trials and in-depth mechanism studies. Appeared originally in Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1001484.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Xing
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Jinlong Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Yang Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Haina Zhuang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Wei Tang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Shun Yu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Junbao Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Guochen Yin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Ruirui Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Rong Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
| | - Dongdong Qin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Xing, Xu, Zhao), Department of TCM, Yunnan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Kunming, China (Xu), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wei, Qin), Department of TCM, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center (Women and Children's Health Care Center of Hainan Province, Hainan Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Fudan University at Hainan, Hainan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital), Haikou, China (Chen), Department of Journal Editorial, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Zhuang), Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Tang), The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Yu, Zhang, Yin), School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China (Wang)
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Xu Q, Wang C, Wang L, Feng R, Guo Y, Feng S, Zhang L, Zheng Z, Su G, Fan L, Bian C, Zhang L, Su X. Correlation analysis of serum reproductive hormones and metabolites during multiple ovulation in sheep. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:290. [PMID: 35883090 PMCID: PMC9317590 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of non-invasive diagnostic method for multiple ovulation prediction is helpful to improve the efficiency of multiple ovulation. The blood hormones and metabolites would be suitable indexes for this subject. METHODS In this study, 86 estrus ewes (65 of induced estrus (IE) and 21 of spontaneous estrus (SE)) were selected and the blood samples were collected at the day before follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) injection (1st) and before artificial insemination (2nd). The serum reproductive hormones ofFSH, luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β-Estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the untargeted metabolomics analysis was processed through LC-MS/MS. The embryos were collected after 6.5 days of artificial insemination. RESULTS In total, 975 and 406 embryos were collected in IE and SE group, respectively. The analysis of reproductive hormones showed that concentrations of FSH, E2 and AMH were positive correlated with the embryo yield while concentrations of LH and P4 were negative correlated in both group at 1st detection. At 2nd detection, the trends of reproductive hormones were similar with 1st except P4, which was positive correlated with embryo yield. The metabolomics analysis showed that 1158 metabolites (721 in positive iron mode and 437 in negative iron mode) were detected and 617 were annotated. In 1st comparation of high and low embryonic yield populations, 56 and 53 differential metabolites were identified in IE and SE group, respectively. The phosphatidyl choline (PC) (19:0/20:5) and PC (18:2/18:3) were shared in two groups. In 2nd comparation, 48 and 49 differential metabolites were identified in IE and SE group, respectively. The PC (18:1/18:2) and pentadecanoic acid were shared. Most differential metabolites were significantly enriched in amino acid, fatty acid metabolism, digestive system secretion and ovarian steroidogenesis pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that FSH, P4, AMH, the PC relevant metabolites and some anomic acids could be potential biomarkers for embryonic yield prediction in ovine multiple ovulation. The results would help to explain the relation between blood material and ovarian function and provide a theoretical basis for the multiple ovulation prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanzhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Lequn Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Liguo Zhang
- Ulanqab Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Ulanqab Animal Husbandry Workstation, Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 012000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifen Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Ordos Central Hospital, Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 017000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Bian
- Tumor Radiotherapy Department, Inner Mongolia People's Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China. .,School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, No.49, Xilinguolenan Road, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010017, People's Republic of China.
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