1
|
Delgado-Lima AH, Bouhaben J, Delgado-Losada ML. Maximizing Participation in Olfactory Training in a Sample with Post-COVID-19 Olfactory Loss. Brain Sci 2024; 14:730. [PMID: 39061470 PMCID: PMC11274705 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to highlight the feasibility of an olfactory training program entirely monitored through online media in COVID-19 patients. METHODS Classic olfactory training was performed with a sample with olfactory loss due COVID-19 (n = 11). Participants were engaged on a weekly video call in order to improve adherence and collect information regarding the number of correct answers and the individuals' perception of olfactory function. The olfactory status after training was compared to two groups, one composed of participants who contracted COVID-19 but did not report olfactory loss (n = 11) and a sample composed of healthy participants (n = 11). RESULTS The experimental group showed improvements throughout the training period (TDI score on week 0 was 20.3 (5.6) and 24.6 (4.3) for week 12, and on week 24 was 25.4 (6.2) (F = 5.115, df = 2, 20, p = 0.016), and post hoc tests showed that participants significantly improved their TDI score in W12 compared to W0 (SMD = 0.869, p = 0.041) and in W24 compared to W0 (SMD = 0.859, p = 0.041). The experimental group showed lower scores when compared with both groups, and the no OT COVID-19 group showed lower scores than the healthy control group, even though they did not report olfactory alterations. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that the strategies applied to improve adherence were successful since 100% of the sample completed the training adherence, offering a valuable framework for future olfactory training studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Luisa Delgado-Losada
- Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (A.H.D.-L.); (J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tenda ED, Henrina J, Setiadharma A, Aristy DJ, Romadhon PZ, Thahadian HF, Mahdi BA, Adhikara IM, Marfiani E, Suryantoro SD, Yunus RE, Yusuf PA. Derivation and validation of novel integrated inpatient mortality prediction score for COVID-19 (IMPACT) using clinical, laboratory, and AI-processed radiological parameter upon admission: a multicentre study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2149. [PMID: 38272920 PMCID: PMC10810804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited studies explore the use of AI for COVID-19 prognostication. This study investigates the relationship between AI-aided radiographic parameters, clinical and laboratory data, and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We conducted a multicentre retrospective study. The derivation and validation cohort comprised of 512 and 137 confirmed COVID-19 patients, respectively. Variable selection for constructing an in-hospital mortality scoring model was performed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, followed by logistic regression. The accuracy of the scoring model was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The final model included eight variables: anosmia (OR: 0.280; 95%CI 0.095-0.826), dyspnoea (OR: 1.684; 95%CI 1.049-2.705), loss of consciousness (OR: 4.593; 95%CI 1.702-12.396), mean arterial pressure (OR: 0.928; 95%CI 0.900-0.957), peripheral oxygen saturation (OR: 0.981; 95%CI 0.967-0.996), neutrophil % (OR: 1.034; 95%CI 1.013-1.055), serum urea (OR: 1.018; 95%CI 1.010-1.026), affected lung area score (OR: 1.026; 95%CI 1.014-1.038). The Integrated Inpatient Mortality Prediction Score for COVID-19 (IMPACT) demonstrated a predictive value of 0.815 (95% CI 0.774-0.856) in the derivation cohort. Internal validation resulted in an AUROC of 0.770 (95% CI 0.661-0.879). Our study provides valuable evidence of the real-world application of AI in clinical settings. However, it is imperative to conduct prospective validation of our findings, preferably utilizing a control group and extending the application to broader populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Daniel Tenda
- Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No. 71, RW. 5, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia.
- Medical Technology Cluster of Indonesian Medical Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Joshua Henrina
- Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No. 71, RW. 5, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Andry Setiadharma
- Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No. 71, RW. 5, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Dahliana Jessica Aristy
- Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Pangeran Diponegoro No. 71, RW. 5, Kenari, Kec. Senen, Kota Jakarta Pusat, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Pradana Zaky Romadhon
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Harik Firman Thahadian
- Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bagus Aulia Mahdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Imam Manggalya Adhikara
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Erika Marfiani
- Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Airlangga Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Satriyo Dwi Suryantoro
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Airlangga Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Reyhan Eddy Yunus
- Medical Technology Cluster of Indonesian Medical Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Radiology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Referral Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf
- Medical Technology Cluster of Indonesian Medical Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Souza CDF, Magalhães AJDA, Silva Nobre YV, Souza CA, do Nascimento ALO, de Faria LR, Bezerra-Santos M, Armstrong ADC, Nicácio JM, Gomes OV, do Carmo RF. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Olfactory Dysfunction in Individuals with COVID-19 in Brazil: A Study of 20,669 Cases from 2020 to 2021. Med Princ Pract 2024; 33:164-172. [PMID: 38198785 PMCID: PMC11096791 DOI: 10.1159/000536191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with olfactory dysfunction in individuals with COVID-19 in the first 2 years of the pandemic in Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prevalent study involving the confirmed cases of COVID-19 recorded in the municipality between the years 2020 and 2021. Individuals symptomatic for COVID-19, with a positive laboratory result and aged 12 or older were included in this study. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used in the description of continuous variables and frequency was used for categorical variables. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to evaluate data distribution. RESULTS Data from 20,669 individuals were analyzed. The prevalence of olfactory disorders was 17.9% and increased from 11.5% to 21.9% between 2020 and 2021. A female gender predominance was observed among individuals who reported anosmia, with 61.1% (n = 564) in 2020 and 61.7% (n = 1,713) in 2021. On the other hand, the median age of individuals with olfactory disorders was lower than that of the group without disorders (35 [IQR 27-46] vs. 39 [IQR 29-50]; p < 0.001). Smell disturbances were present in 18.2% (n = 3,634) of patients who recovered and in 7.1% (n = 38) of those who died. Furthermore, in 2021, a prevalence rate of 30.6% for olfactory disorders was linked to obesity as a comorbidity. CONCLUSION The prevalence of olfactory disorders was lower compared to other studies, with cough and fever being negatively related to olfactory dysfunction and headache, coryza, and taste disorders being positively related. Obesity was the only associated comorbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Feliciano do Carmo
- Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu B, Gong M, Xiang Y, Qu S, Zhu H, Ye D. Mechanism and treatment of olfactory dysfunction caused by coronavirus disease 2019. J Transl Med 2023; 21:829. [PMID: 37978386 PMCID: PMC10657033 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04719-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the start of the pandemic, olfactory dysfunction (OD) has been reported as a common symptom of COVID-19. In some asymptomatic carriers, OD is often the first and even the only symptom. At the same time, persistent OD is also a long-term sequela seen after COVID-19 that can have a serious impact on the quality of life of patients. However, the pathogenesis of post-COVID-19 OD is still unclear, and there is no specific treatment for its patients. The aim of this paper was to review the research on OD caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection and to summarize the mechanism of action, the pathogenesis, and current treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bian Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ninghai First Hospital, Ningbo, 315600, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yizhen Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|