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Boshoff HI, Malhotra N, Barry CE, Oh S. The Antitubercular Activities of Natural Products with Fused-Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:211. [PMID: 38399426 PMCID: PMC10892018 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is notorious as the leading cause of death worldwide due to a single infectious entity and its causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), has been able to evolve resistance to all existing drugs in the treatment arsenal complicating disease management programs. In drug discovery efforts, natural products are important starting points in generating novel scaffolds that have evolved to specifically bind to vulnerable targets not only in pathogens such as Mtb, but also in mammalian targets associated with human diseases. Structural diversity is one of the most attractive features of natural products. This review provides a summary of fused-nitrogen-containing heterocycles found in the natural products reported in the literature that are known to have antitubercular activities. The structurally targeted natural products discussed in this review could provide a revealing insight into novel chemical aspects with novel biological functions for TB drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sangmi Oh
- Tuberculosis Research Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.I.B.); (N.M.); (C.E.B.III)
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Acquah KS, Beukes DR, Seldon R, Jordaan A, Sunassee SN, Warner DF, Gammon DW. Identification of Antimycobacterial Natural Products from a Library of Marine Invertebrate Extracts. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:medicines9020009. [PMID: 35200753 PMCID: PMC8880526 DOI: 10.3390/medicines9020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health crisis, requiring the urgent identification of new anti-mycobacterial drugs. We screened several organic and aqueous marine invertebrate extracts for their in vitro inhibitory activity against the causative organism, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here, we report the results obtained for 54 marine invertebrate extracts. The chemical components of two of the extracts were dereplicated, using 1H NMR and HR-LCMS with GNPS molecular networking, and these extracts were further subjected to an activity-guided isolation process to purify the bioactive components. Hyrtios reticulatus yielded heteronemin 1 and Jaspis splendens was found to produce the bengamide class of compounds, of which bengamides P 2 and Q 3 were isolated, while a new derivative, bengamide S 5, was putatively identified and its structure predicted, based on the similarity of its MS/MS fragmentation pattern to those of other bengamides. The isolated bioactive metabolites and semi-pure fractions exhibited M. tuberculosis growth inhibitory activity, in the range <0.24 to 62.50 µg/mL. This study establishes the bengamides as potent antitubercular compounds, with the first report of whole-cell antitubercular activity of bengamides P 2 and Q 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kojo Sekyi Acquah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa; (K.S.A.); (S.N.S.)
| | - Denzil R. Beukes
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: (D.R.B.); (D.W.G.)
| | - Ronnett Seldon
- Drug Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa;
| | - Audrey Jordaan
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit & DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (A.J.); (D.F.W.)
| | - Suthananda N. Sunassee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa; (K.S.A.); (S.N.S.)
| | - Digby F. Warner
- SAMRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit & DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (A.J.); (D.F.W.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - David W. Gammon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7701, South Africa; (K.S.A.); (S.N.S.)
- Correspondence: (D.R.B.); (D.W.G.)
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BARRETO ANNAL, ALONSO ARIADNEN, MORAES DANIELCDE, CURVELO JOSÉA, MIRANDA KILDARE, PORTELA MARISTELAB, FERREIRA-PEREIRA ANTÔNIO, SOUTO-PADRÓN THAIS, SOARES ROSANGELAMARIADEA. Anti-Leishmania amazonensis activity of the marine sponge Dercitus (Stoeba) latex (Porifera) from São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, Pernambuco, Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20211090. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- ANNA L.S. BARRETO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro de Medicina de Reabilitação (IBMR), Brazil
| | - ARIADNE N. ALONSO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório Richet Medicina Diagnóstica, Brazil
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Paulsen B, Gundersen LL. The First Synthesis of (-)-Agelasine F; an Antimycobacterial Natural Product Found in Marine Sponges in the Agelas
Genus. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Britt Paulsen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Oslo; P. O. Box 1033 0315 Oslo Blindern Norway
| | - Lise-Lotte Gundersen
- Department of Chemistry; University of Oslo; P. O. Box 1033 0315 Oslo Blindern Norway
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Han X, Chen C, Yan Q, Jia L, Taj A, Ma Y. Action of Dicumarol on Glucosamine-1-Phosphate Acetyltransferase of GlmU and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1799. [PMID: 31481936 PMCID: PMC6710349 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of most pathogenic microorganisms in the world. Previously, the bifunctional enzyme GlmU with glucosamine-1-phosphate acetyltransferase activity and N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase activity has been suggested as a potential drug target; therefore, discovering compounds targeting GlmU acetyltransferase is necessary. The natural products were tested for inhibition of GlmU acetyltransferase activity. We found that dicumarol exhibited inhibitory effects on GlmU acetyltransferase, with a concentration achieving a 50% inhibition (IC50) value of 4.608 μg/ml (13.7 μM). The inhibition kinetics indicated that dicumarol uncompetitively inhibited acetyl CoA and showed mixed-type inhibition for glucosamine-1-phosphate (GlcN-1-P). The activity of dicumarol against M. tuberculosis H37Ra was evaluated with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 6.25 μg/ml (18.55 μM) in the Alamar blue assay. Dicumarol also exhibited inhibitory effects on several clinically sensitive M. tuberculosis strains and drug-resistant strains, with a range of MIC value of 6.25 to >100 μg/ml. Dicumarol increased the sensitivity of anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) when dicumarol was present at a low concentration. The transcriptome and proteome data of M. tuberculosis H37Ra treated by dicumarol showed that the affected genes were associated with cell wall synthesis, DNA damage and repair, metabolic processes, and signal transduction. These results provided the mechanism of dicumarol inhibition against GlmU acetyltransferase and M. tuberculosis and also suggested that dicumarol is a potential candidate for TB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyan Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changming Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiulong Yan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liqiu Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ayaz Taj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yufang Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Gruzdev DA, Musiyak VV, Levit GL, Krasnov VP, Charushin VN. Purine derivatives with antituberculosis activity. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes the data published over the last 10 – 15 years concerning the key groups of purine derivatives with antituberculosis activity. The structures of purines containing heteroatoms (S, O, N), fragments of heterocycles, amino acids and peptides, in the 6-position, as well as of purine nucleosides are presented. The possible targets for the action of such compounds and structure – activity relationship are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the most active compounds, which are of considerable interest as a basis for the development of efficient antituberculosis drugs.
The bibliography includes 99 references.
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Hamoud A, Barthélémy P, Desvergnes V. An organocatalyzed Stetter reaction as a bio-inspired tool for the synthesis of nucleic acid-based bioconjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:1760-1769. [PMID: 29464261 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00192h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) catalyzed biomimetic Stetter reaction was applied for the first time as a bioconjugation reaction to sensitive nucleoside-type biomolecules to provide original pyrrole linked nucleolipids. A versatile approach allowed the functionalization of thymidine at the three reactive positions (O-5', O-3' and N-3) providing a structural diversity oriented synthesis. This strategy was applied to the synthesis of an original glyconucleolipid amphiphile in the hope that the pyrrole aromatic moiety would induce additional self-assembling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aladin Hamoud
- University of Bordeaux, UMR 5320 CNRS, INSERM U1212, ChemBioPharm Team, 146 rue Leo Saignat, UFR Pharmacie, 3ième tranche, 4ième étage, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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8
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García PA, Valles E, Díez D, Castro MÁ. Marine Alkylpurines: A Promising Group of Bioactive Marine Natural Products. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16010006. [PMID: 29301246 PMCID: PMC5793054 DOI: 10.3390/md16010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine secondary metabolites with a purine motif in their structure are presented in this review. The alkylpurines are grouped according to the size of the alkyl substituents and their location on the purine ring. Aspects related to the marine source, chemical structure and biological properties are considered together with synthetic approaches towards the natural products and bioactive analogues. This review contributes to studies of structure–activity relationships for these metabolites and highlights the potential of the sea as a source of new lead compounds in diverse therapeutic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A García
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Pharmacy Faculty, CIETUS, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Elena Valles
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Pharmacy Faculty, CIETUS, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - David Díez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María-Ángeles Castro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, Pharmacy Faculty, CIETUS, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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9
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Mishra SK, Tripathi G, Kishore N, Singh RK, Singh A, Tiwari VK. Drug development against tuberculosis: Impact of alkaloids. Eur J Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Daletos G, Ancheeva E, Chaidir C, Kalscheuer R, Proksch P. Antimycobacterial Metabolites from Marine Invertebrates. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:763-773. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201600128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Daletos
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Elena Ancheeva
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Chaidir Chaidir
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology; Agency for the Assessment and Application Technology; Jakarta Indonesia
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology; Heinrich-Heine-University; Duesseldorf Germany
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11
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Abdjul DB, Yamazaki H, Kanno SI, Takahashi O, Kirikoshi R, Ukai K, Namikoshi M. Structures and Biological Evaluations of Agelasines Isolated from the Okinawan Marine Sponge Agelas nakamurai. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1428-1433. [PMID: 26083682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Three new N-methyladenine-containing diterpenes, 2-oxoagelasines A (1) and F (2) and 10-hydro-9-hydroxyagelasine F (3), were isolated from the Okinawan marine sponge Agelas nakamurai Hoshino together with eight known agelasine derivatives, 2-oxoagelasine B (4), agelasines A (5), B (6), D (7), E (8), F (9), and G (10), and ageline B (11). The structures of 1-3 were assigned on the basis of their spectroscopic data and their comparison with those of the literature. Compounds 3 and 5-11 inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium smegmatis with inhibition zones of 10, 14, 15, 18, 14, 20, 12, and 12 mm at 20 μg/disc, respectively. All compounds were inactive (IC50 > 10 μM) against Huh-7 (hepatoma) and EJ-1 (bladder carcinoma) human cancer cell lines. Three 2-oxo derivatives (1, 2, and 4) exhibited markedly reduced biological activity against M. smegmatis. Moreover, compound 10 inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity with an IC50 value of 15 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfly B Abdjul
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Syu-ichi Kanno
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ohgi Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ryota Kirikoshi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Ukai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Michio Namikoshi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
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12
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The cyclic peptide ecumicin targeting ClpC1 is active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 59:880-9. [PMID: 25421483 DOI: 10.1128/aac.04054-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has lent urgency to finding new drug leads with novel modes of action. A high-throughput screening campaign of >65,000 actinomycete extracts for inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis viability identified ecumicin, a macrocyclic tridecapeptide that exerts potent, selective bactericidal activity against M. tuberculosis in vitro, including nonreplicating cells. Ecumicin retains activity against isolated multiple-drug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of M. tuberculosis. The subcutaneous administration to mice of ecumicin in a micellar formulation at 20 mg/kg body weight resulted in plasma and lung exposures exceeding the MIC. Complete inhibition of M. tuberculosis growth in the lungs of mice was achieved following 12 doses at 20 or 32 mg/kg. Genome mining of lab-generated, spontaneous ecumicin-resistant M. tuberculosis strains identified the ClpC1 ATPase complex as the putative target, and this was confirmed by a drug affinity response test. ClpC1 functions in protein breakdown with the ClpP1P2 protease complex. Ecumicin markedly enhanced the ATPase activity of wild-type (WT) ClpC1 but prevented activation of proteolysis by ClpC1. Less stimulation was observed with ClpC1 from ecumicin-resistant mutants. Thus, ClpC1 is a valid drug target against M. tuberculosis, and ecumicin may serve as a lead compound for anti-TB drug development.
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Gao W, Kim JY, Chen SN, Cho SH, Choi J, Jaki BU, Jin YY, Lankin DC, Lee JE, Lee SY, McAlpine JB, Napolitano JG, Franzblau SG, Suh JW, Pauli GF. Discovery and characterization of the tuberculosis drug lead ecumicin. Org Lett 2014; 16:6044-7. [PMID: 25409285 DOI: 10.1021/ol5026603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The new tuberculosis (TB) lead ecumicin (1), a cyclic tridecapeptide, was isolated from Nonomuraea sp. MJM5123, following a high-throughput campaign for anti-TB activity. The large molecular weight of 1599 amu detected by LC-HR-MS precluded the initial inference of its molecular formula. The individual building blocks were identified by extensive NMR experiments. The resulting two possible planar structures were distinguished by LC-MS(2). Determination of absolute configuration and unambiguous structural confirmation were carried out by X-ray crystallography and Marfey's analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,‡Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Jin-Yong Kim
- §Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea.,∥Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Sang-Hyun Cho
- ‡Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Jongkeun Choi
- ⊥Department of Cosmetic Science, Chungwoon University, Hongseong, Chungnam 350-701, South Korea
| | - Birgit U Jaki
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,‡Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ying-Yu Jin
- ∥Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea
| | - David C Lankin
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Ji-Ean Lee
- ∥Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Lee
- §Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea.,∥Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea
| | - James B McAlpine
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,‡Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - José G Napolitano
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Scott G Franzblau
- ‡Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
| | - Joo-Won Suh
- §Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea.,∥Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials, Myongji University, Cheoin-gu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do 449-728, South Korea
| | - Guido F Pauli
- †Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States.,‡Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Munagala G, Yempalla KR, Aithagani SK, Kalia NP, Ali F, Ali I, Rajput VS, Rani C, Chib R, Mehra R, Nargotra A, Khan IA, Vishwakarma RA, Singh PP. Synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted N-alkylphenyl-3,5-dinitrobenzamide analogs as anti-TB agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00366c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Arai M, Yamano Y, Setiawan A, Kobayashi M. Identification of the Target Protein of Agelasine D, a Marine Sponge Diterpene Alkaloid, as an Anti-dormant Mycobacterial Substance. Chembiochem 2013; 15:117-23. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Pettit GR, Tang Y, Zhang Q, Bourne GT, Arm CA, Leet JE, Knight JC, Pettit RK, Chapuis JC, Doubek DL, Ward FJ, Weber C, Hooper JNA. Isolation and structures of axistatins 1-3 from the Republic of Palau marine sponge Agelas axifera Hentschel . JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:420-4. [PMID: 23410078 PMCID: PMC3616417 DOI: 10.1021/np300828y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An investigation begun in 1979 directed at the Republic of Palau marine sponge Agelas axifera Hentschel for cancer cell growth inhibitory constituents subsequently led to the isolation of three new pyrimidine diterpenes designated axistatins 1 (1), 2 (2), and 3 (3), together with the previously reported formamides 4, 5, and agelasine F (6). The structures were elucidated by analysis of 2D-NMR spectra and by HRMS. All of the isolated compounds were found to be moderate inhibitors of cancer cell growth. Axistatins 1-3 (1-3), formamide 4, and agelasine F (6) also exhibited antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Pettit
- Cancer Research Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA.
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Calcul L, Tenney K, Ratnam J, McKerrow JH, Crews P. Structural Variations to the 9-N-Methyladeninium Diterpenoid Hybrid Commonly Isolated from Agelas Sponges. Aust J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/ch10036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Four novel 9-N-methyladeninium diterpenoids, agelasine M (3), 2-oxo-agelasine B (4), gelasine A (5), and gelasine B (6) accompanied by the known-agelasine B (1) and F (2) were isolated from the marine sponge Agelas sp. collected in Papua New Guinea. Compounds 3–6 represent higher unsaturated 9-N-methyladeninium bicyclic diterpenoid derivatives including 5 and 6 as unusual norditerpenoid-agelasines. Their structures were elucidated through detailed physical data analyses and comparison with literature properties. All pure compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma brucei as well as for cytotoxicity against Jurkat cells.
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Abstract
Agelasines, asmarines and related compounds are natural products with a hybrid terpene-purine structure isolated from numerous genera of sponges (Agela sp., Raspailia sp.). Some agelasine analogs and related structures have displayed high general toxicity towards protozoa, and have exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and also an important cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines, including multidrug-resistant ones. Of particular interest in this context are the asmarines (tetrahydro[1,4]diazepino[1,2,3-g,h]purines), which have shown potent antiproliferative activity against several types of human cancer cell lines. This review summarizes the sources of isolation, chemistry and bioactivity of marine alkylpurines and their bioactive derivatives.
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Kishore N, Mishra BB, Tripathi V, Tiwari VK. Alkaloids as potential anti-tubercular agents. Fitoterapia 2009; 80:149-63. [PMID: 19344681 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2009.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Revised: 01/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An increasing incidence of deaths due to tuberculosis and the known drawbacks of the current existing drugs including the emergence of multi drug-resistant strains have led to a renewed interest in the discovery of new anti-tubercular agents with novel modes of actions. The recent researches focused on natural products have shown a useful way to obtain a potentially rich source of drug candidates, where alkaloids have been found more effective. The present review focuses on current epidemiology of tuberculosis, synergy of the disease with HIV, current therapy, available molecular targets and, highlights why natural products especially alkaloids are so important. The review summarizes alkaloids found active against mycobacteria from the mid-1980s to late 2008 with special attention on the study of structure-activity relationship (SAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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21
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Stanikunaite R, Radwan MM, Trappe JM, Fronczek F, Ross SA. Lanostane-type triterpenes from the mushroom Astraeus pteridis with antituberculosis activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:2077-2079. [PMID: 19067555 DOI: 10.1021/np800577p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOH extract of the truffle-mimiking mushroom Astraeus pteridis led to the isolation and identification of three new (3-5) and two known (1, 2) lanostane triterpenes and phenylalanine betaine (6). The structures of the isolates were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS results, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 5 and 1 showed moderate activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with MIC values of 34.0 and 58.0 microg/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Stanikunaite
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, USA
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22
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Appenzeller J, Mihci G, Martin MT, Gallard JF, Menou JL, Boury-Esnault N, Hooper J, Petek S, Chevalley S, Valentin A, Zaparucha A, Al-Mourabit A, Debitus C. Agelasines J, K, and L from the Solomon Islands Marine Sponge Agelas cf. mauritiana. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1451-1454. [PMID: 18572964 DOI: 10.1021/np800212g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three new diterpene alkaloids, agelasine J (3), agelasine K (4), and agelasine L (5), were isolated from the marine sponge Agelas cf. mauritiana collected in the Solomon Islands. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by physical data analyses. They displayed in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Appenzeller
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles du CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-YVette, France
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Braendvang M, Gundersen LL. Synthesis, biological activity, and SAR of antimycobacterial 2- and 8-substituted 6-(2-furyl)-9-(p-methoxybenzyl)purines. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:7144-65. [PMID: 17804243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Revised: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A number of 6-(2-furyl)-9-(p-methoxybenzyl)purines carrying a variety of substituents in the 2- or 8-position have been synthesized and their ability to inhibit growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro has been determined. It is demonstrated that sterical hindrance in the purine 8-position reduces activity and that C-8 should be unsubstituted. In the purine 2-position small, hydrophobic substituents are beneficial. The electronic properties of the 2-substituents appear to have only a minor influence on bioactivity. The compounds studied exhibit low toxicity toward mammalian cells (VERO cells) and are essentially inactive toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The most active and selective antimycobacterial in the series detected to date is the novel 2-methyl-6-furyl-9-(p-methoxybenzyl)purine with MIC=0.20 microg/mL against M. tuberculosis and IC(50) against VERO cells >62.5 microg/mL. Also the novel 2-fluoro analog and the previously known 2-chloro compound, both with MIC=0.39 microg/mL, are highly interesting drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Braendvang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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Mao J, Wan B, Wang Y, Franzblau SG, Kozikowski AP. HTS, Chemical Hybridization, and Drug Design Identify a Chemically Unique Antituberculosis Agent–Coupling Serendipity and Rational Approaches to Drug Discovery. ChemMedChem 2007; 2:811-3. [PMID: 17455191 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200700048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Mao
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago IL 60612, USA
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25
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Vik A, Hedner E, Charnock C, Tangen LW, Samuelsen Ø, Larsson R, Bohlin L, Gundersen LL. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of agelasine and agelasimine analogs. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4016-37. [PMID: 17442577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.03.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Revised: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Agelasine and agelasimine derivatives with substantially less complicated terpenoid side chains compared to the naturally occurring compounds have been synthesized and their ability to inhibit growth of microorganisms and cancer cells has been studied. Compounds with excellent activity against cancer cell lines (MIC ca. 1 microM for the most potent compounds), including a drug resistant renal cell line, have been identified. Most compounds studied also exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activity including activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Vik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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26
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Rosemeyer H. Nucleolipids: natural occurrence, synthesis, molecular recognition, and supramolecular assemblies as potential precursors of life and bioorganic materials. Chem Biodivers 2007; 2:977-1063. [PMID: 17193189 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200590082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolipids are hybrid molecules composed of a nucleobase, a nucleoside, a nucleotide or an oligonucleotide (either DNA or RNA), and a lipophilic moiety, which might be either simply a single- or double-chained alkyl (or alkenyl) moiety or a carbocyclic hydrocarbon such as cholesterol, a vitamin, or a bile acid. This review covers all aspects of nucleolipids, namely their natural occurrence, their synthesis, their molecular recognition, as well as aggregation behavior, either in aqueous or non-aqueous solution. Potential future aspects of nucleolipids in material sciences and for the elucidation of biochemical reactions in living cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Rosemeyer
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Dept. Farmaceutische Wetenschappen, Afd. Medicinale Chemie, Minderbroederstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven.
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Vik A, Hedner E, Charnock C, Samuelsen O, Larsson R, Gundersen LL, Bohlin L. (+)-agelasine D: improved synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2006; 69:381-6. [PMID: 16562840 DOI: 10.1021/np050424c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
An improved synthesis of (+)-agelasine D (10) from (+)-manool is reported together with cytotoxic and antibacterial data for agelasine D and structurally close synthetic analogues. These compounds display a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities including effects on M. tuberculosis and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (both aerobes and anaerobes). They exhibit profound cytotoxic activity against several cancer cells, including a multidrug-resistant cell line. (+)-Agelasine D (10) has been isolated earlier from a marine sponge (Agelas sp.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Vik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Norway
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Bourguet-Kondracki ML, Kornprobst JM. Marine pharmacology: potentialities in the treatment of infectious diseases, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2005; 97:105-31. [PMID: 16261807 DOI: 10.1007/b135824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Several molecules isolated from various marine organisms (microorganisms, algae, fungi, invertebrates, and vertebrates) are currently under study at an advanced stage of clinical trials, either directly or in the form of analogues deduced from structure-activity relationships. Some of them have already been marketed as drugs. The goal of this article is not to present a complete panorama of marine pharmacology but to show that new models and new mechanisms of action of marine substances bring new solutions for tackling some of the major public health problems of the 21st century. These include: malaria, which assails mainly the southern hemisphere; tuberculosis, an infectious disease once believed to be eliminated but alarmingly increasing, especially among HIV-positive populations; and osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease, the extension of which are correlated with ageing populations, especially in the developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Bourguet-Kondracki
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratoire de Chimie - UMR 5154 CNRS, 63 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France.
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Pauli GF, Case RJ, Inui T, Wang Y, Cho S, Fischer NH, Franzblau SG. New perspectives on natural products in TB drug research. Life Sci 2005; 78:485-94. [PMID: 16243360 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2005.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The challenge of discovering new, urgently needed anti-TB drugs from natural sources requires a truly interdisciplinary research. Cutting-edge mycobacteriology and innovative natural products chemistry tools have to be developed and employed in tandem, in order to meet these demands. The present review provides cross-linkage to the most recent literature on anti-TB active natural products and summarizes the recent developments in both fields and their potential to impact the early steps of the TB drug discovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido F Pauli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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31
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Bakkestuen AK, Gundersen LL, Utenova BT. Synthesis, biological activity, and SAR of antimycobacterial 9-aryl-, 9-arylsulfonyl-, and 9-benzyl-6-(2-furyl)purines. J Med Chem 2005; 48:2710-23. [PMID: 15801862 DOI: 10.1021/jm0408924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
9-Aryl-, 9-arylsulfonyl- and 9-benzyl-6-(2-furyl)purines were synthesized by N-alkylation or N-arylation of the purine followed by Stille coupling to introduce the furyl substituent in the 6-position and the compounds screened for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The 9-aryl- and 9-sulfonylarylpurines exhibited weak activity toward the bacteria, but 9-benzylpurines were good inhibitors especially those carrying electron-donating substituents on the phenyl ring. A chlorine atom in the purine 2-position further enhanced activity. The high antimycobacterial activity (MIC 0.39 microg/mL against M. tuberculosis), low toxicity against mammalian cells and activity inside macrophages found for 2-chloro-6-(2-furyl)-9-(4-methoxyphenylmethyl)-9H-purine makes this compound a highly interesting potential antituberculosis drug.
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32
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Bakkestuen AK, Gundersen LL, Petersen D, Utenova BT, Vik A. Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of agelasine E and analogs. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 3:1025-33. [PMID: 15750645 DOI: 10.1039/b417471b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Agelasine E, previously isolated from the marine sponge Agelas nakamurai, has been synthesized for the first time, together with analogs with various terpenoid side chains. Treatment of N6-methoxy-9-methyl-9H-purin-6-amine with allylic bromides gave the desired 7,9-dialkylpurinium salts together with minor amounts of the N6-alkylated isomer. The N6-methoxy group was finally removed reductively. 1H-15N HMBC and 1H-15N HSQC NMR spectroscopy gave additional information on tautomerism and charge delocalization in the purine derivatives studied. The heterocyclic products were screened for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and agelasine analogs carrying a relatively long terpenoid substituent in the purine 7-position and a methoxy group at N-6 were potent inhibitors of bacterial growth. Since agelasine analogs with the geranylgeranyl chain at N-7 exhibited antimicrobial activity, several strategies for synthesis of geometrically pure (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranyl bromide from geranyllinalool were evaluated.
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Tangallapally RP, Yendapally R, Lee RE, Hevener K, Jones VC, Lenaerts AJM, McNeil MR, Wang Y, Franzblau S, Lee RE. Synthesis and evaluation of nitrofuranylamides as novel antituberculosis agents. J Med Chem 2004; 47:5276-83. [PMID: 15456272 DOI: 10.1021/jm049972y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to develop new and more potent therapies to treat tuberculosis, a library of compounds was screened for M. tuberculosis UDP-Gal mutase inhibition. Nitrofuranylamide 1 was identified as a hit in this screen, possessing good antituberculosis activity. This paper describes the synthesis and evaluation of an expanded set of nitrofuranylamides. We have discovered a number of nitrofuranylamides with submicromolar M. tuberculosis MIC values and acceptable therapeutic indexes. The MIC activity did not correlate with UDP-Gal mutase inhibition, suggesting an alternative primary cellular target was responsible for the antituberculosis activity. The compounds were only active against mycobacteria of the tuberculosis complex. On the basis of these results, four compounds were selected for in vivo testing in a mouse model of tuberculosis infection, and of these compounds one showed significant antituberculosis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra P Tangallapally
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 847 Monroe Avenue, Room 327, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Bakkestuen AK, Gundersen LL. Synthesis of (+)-trixagol and its enantiomer, the terpenoid side chain of (−)-agelasine E. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01455-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Gundersen LL, Nissen-Meyer J, Spilsberg B. Synthesis and antimycobacterial activity of 6-arylpurines: the requirements for the N-9 substituent in active antimycobacterial purines. J Med Chem 2002; 45:1383-6. [PMID: 11882008 DOI: 10.1021/jm0110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
6-Arylpurines carrying a variety of substituents in the 9-position were prepared by Stille coupling between appropriately substituted 6-chloropurines and aryl(tributyl)tin, and the compounds were screened for antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration value, 0.78 microg/mL, was found for 9-benzyl-2-chloro-6-(2-furyl)purine. This compound exhibited relatively low cytotoxicity, and it was active against several singly drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise-Lotte Gundersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway.
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