Jia CX, Rabkin DG, Hart JP, Dean DA, Cabreriza SA, Weinberg AD, Spotnitz HM. Regional variation in myocardial water content in the edematous pig heart.
J Surg Res 2002;
106:70-5. [PMID:
12127810 DOI:
10.1006/jsre.2002.6414]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to examine regional variation in myocardial water content (%MWC) throughout the iatrogenically edematous pig heart.
METHODS
Edema was induced by hemodilution in domestic swine (n = 26). Hearts were arrested with potassium chloride. The left ventricular free wall (LVFW), interventricular septum (IVS), and right ventricular free wall (RVFW) were biopsied at the apex, base, and equator. Full-thickness biopsy (Full, 0.5-1 g) and subendocardial (Endo, 0.1-0.2 g) biopsies were removed from each region. %MWC was determined for each biopsy.
RESULTS
The %MWC for all hearts were as follows: Endo, 81.1 +/- 0.1, and Full, 80.6 +/- 0.1* (*P < 0.02); apex, 81.1 +/- 0.2*, equator, 80.7 +/- 0.2, and base, 80.4 +/- 0.2 (*P < 0.02); RVFW, 81.4 +/- 0.3*, IVS, 80.8 +/- 0.2*, and LVFW, 80.3 +/- 0.1* (*P < 0.02). For 18 hearts with LV samples with average %MWC >or= 80%, the percentages were apex, 81.4 +/- 0.2*, equator, 81.0 +/- 0.2*, and base, 80.6 +/- 0.2* (*P < 0.02) (repeated measures, ANOVA).
CONCLUSION
In the iatrogenically edematous porcine heart, a significant water gradient exists, with Endo > Full, apex > equator > base, and RVFW > IVS > LVFW. These results indicate that when examining edema, consistent biopsy results depend on a reproducible sampling site. Water content tends to be highest in thin-walled portions of the heart, suggesting that contractile force may be important in the distribution of edema.
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