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Klenivskyi M, Khun J, Thonová L, Vaňková E, Scholtz V. Portable and affordable cold air plasma source with optimized bactericidal effect. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15930. [PMID: 38987305 PMCID: PMC11237098 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The paper reports a low-cost handheld source of a cold air plasma intended for biomedical applications that can be made by anyone (detailed technical information and a step-by-step guide for creating the NTP source are provided). The plasma source employs a 1.4 W corona discharge in the needle-to-cone electrode configuration and is an extremely simple device, consisting basically of two electrodes and a cheap power supply. To achieve the best bactericidal effect, the plasma source has been optimized on Escherichia coli. The bactericidal ability of the plasma source was further tested on a wide range of microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus as a representative of gram-positive bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa as gram-negative bacteria, Candida albicans as yeasts, Trichophyton interdigitale as microfungi, and Deinococcus radiodurans as a representative of extremophilic bacteria resistant to many DNA-damaging agents, including ultraviolet and ionizing radiation. The testing showed that the plasma source inactivates all the microorganisms tested in several minutes (up to 105-107 CFU depending on a microorganism), proving its effectiveness against a wide spectrum of pathogens, in particular microfungi, yeasts, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Studies of long-lived reactive species such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen peroxide, nitrite, and nitrate revealed a strong correlation between ozone and the bactericidal effect, indicating that the bactericidal effect should generally be attributed to reactive oxygen species. This is the first comprehensive study of the bactericidal effect of a corona discharge in air and the formation of long-lived reactive species by the discharge, depending on both the interelectrode distance and the discharge current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myron Klenivskyi
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Khun
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Laura Thonová
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Vaňková
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Scholtz
- Department of Physics and Measurements, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Huang Y, Zou L, Wang J, Jin Q, Ji J. Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms for antibacterial applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1775. [PMID: 35142071 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The continuously increasing bacterial resistance has become a big threat to public health worldwide, which makes it urgent to develop innovative antibacterial strategies. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are considered as promising strategies in combating bacterial infections which are expected to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the side effects. Unfortunately, the conventional nanodrug delivery systems always suffer from practical dilemmas, including incomplete and slow drug release, insufficient accumulation in infected sites, and weak biofilm penetration ability. Stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms are hence developed to overcome the disadvantages of conventional nanoparticles. In this review, we provide an extensive review of the recent progress of endogenous and exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms in the antibacterial area, including planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria, and bacterial biofilms. Taking advantage of the specific infected microenvironment (pH, enzyme, redox, and toxin), the mechanisms and strategies of the design of endogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms are discussed, with an emphasis on how to improve the therapeutic efficacy and minimize side effects. How to realize controlled drug delivery using exogenous stimuli-responsive nanoplatforms especially light-responsive nanoparticles for improved antibacterial effects is another topic of this review. We especially highlight photothermal-triggered drug delivery systems by the combination of photothermal agents and thermo-responsive materials. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extract of Streptomyces euryhalinus isolated from the Indian Sundarbans. Arch Microbiol 2021; 204:34. [PMID: 34927220 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02698-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new antimicrobials is the prime target in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. The continuous search for new lead compounds from bacteria of untapped and extreme ecosystems such as mangroves is currently being undertaken. This study describes the metabolite profiling of the Streptomyces euryhalinus culture extract. Previously, Streptomyces euryhalinus was isolated from the mangrove forest of Indian Sundarbans as a novel microorganism. The antimicrobial mechanism of action of Streptomyces euryhalinus culture extract against bacteria and fungi has been analyzed in this study. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profile of the ethyl acetate extract bacterial culture displayed the presence of several bioactive compounds with antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. The bacterial extract showed significant antimicrobial activity in terms of zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration. Moreover, substantial capacity to alter or damage the inner membrane as well as the outer membrane of the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was exhibited by the bacterial extract. This membrane alteration or damaging potential of the extract is the mechanism of action. Biofilm formation inhibition property of the extract also signified its antimicrobial action, and possible use against resistant bacteria. The extract has shown notable activity against the virulence factors like prevention of hemolysis in bacteria and inhibition of secreted aspartyl proteinase in fungi. These functions of the bacterial extract have revealed the extent of its action in the prevention of infection by terminating the secretory virulence factors and by damaging the tissue.
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Greenwood D. What's the Use of Susceptibility Testing? J Chemother 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.1997.12113184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Greenwood
- Division of Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University Hospital, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Fax.
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Souza PF, Marques LS, Oliveira JT, Lima PG, Dias LP, Neto NA, Lopes FE, Sousa JS, Silva AF, Caneiro RF, Lopes JL, Ramos MV, Freitas CD. Synthetic antimicrobial peptides: From choice of the best sequences to action mechanisms. Biochimie 2020; 175:132-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zhou M, Zheng M, Cai J. Small Molecules with Membrane-Active Antibacterial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21292-21299. [PMID: 31944092 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b20161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This spotlight on application provides a brief overview of our research exploration, focusing on the research of small molecules with membrane-active antibacterial activity that mimic host-defense peptides (HDPs). The development of antimicrobial HDP agents is an emerging research area as they circumvent the potential disadvantages of HDPs. The small molecules are preferable for development due to their low production cost and potential of more practical applications. In recent years, we conducted research on the design of antibacterial agents based on small molecules including hydantoins, acylated reduced amides, biscyclic guanidines, and dimeric alkylamides of lysines. We herein sketch our journey on the exploration of the antimicrobial activity of these few classes of molecules and hopefully share our insight in the future design of small-molecular-weight antibiotic agents with membrane-active activity that mimic HDPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Mengmeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Alnoman RB, Hagar M, Parveen S, Ahmed HA, Knight JG. Computational and molecular docking approaches of a New axially chiral BODIPY fluorescent dye. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bouqellah NA, Mohamed MM, Ibrahim Y. Synthesis of eco-friendly silver nanoparticles using Allium sp . and their antimicrobial potential on selected vaginal bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1789-1794. [PMID: 31762659 PMCID: PMC6864148 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Allium cepa and garlic Allium sativa plants were used to evaluate their potential synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial effect on Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Transmission electron microscopy (SEM) was used to distinguish the morphology of the nanoparticles attained from plant extracts. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer established the existence of elemental sign of the silver and homogenous allocation of silver nanoparticles. Diffraction by using X ray (XRD) analysis for the formed AgNPs revealed spherical plus cubical shapes structure with different planes ranged between 111 and 311 planes. The antibacterial action of AgNPs against vaginal pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recognized. Our work showed a rapid, eco-safety and suitable method for the synthesis of AgNPs from Allium cepa and garlic Allium sativa extracts and can be used in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Alsayed Bouqellah
- Taibah University, Faculty of Science, Biology Department, P.O. Box 25233, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M. Mohamed
- Alexandria University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, P.O. Box 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
- Stockton University, School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Biology department, Galloway, NJ 08205-9441, USA
| | - Yasmine Ibrahim
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Biological Sciences Department, Albert Dorman Honors College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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Al-Omair MA. Biochemical activities and electronic spectra of different cobalt phenanthroline complexes. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Sadeer NB, Rocchetti G, Senizza B, Montesano D, Zengin G, Uysal A, Jeewon R, Lucini L, Mahomoodally MF. Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling, Multivariate Analysis and Biological Evaluation of the True Mangrove ( Rhizophora mucronata Lam.). Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E489. [PMID: 31623170 PMCID: PMC6827162 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is a renewed interest towards the development of plant-based pharmacophores. In this work, 16 extracts prepared from the leaves, twigs, roots and fruits of a hydro-halophyte, Rhizophora mucronata Lam. (Family: Rhizophoraceae), were studied for possible antioxidant activity and the phenolic profiles established. Thereafter, enzymatic inhibitory activities (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, acetyl- (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), lipase, and elastase) were assessed. The total phenolic, flavonoid, phenolic acid, tannin, flavanol and triterpenoid content were estimated using standard assays. An untargeted metabolomics-based approach, based on ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) followed by multivariate statistics, was then used to comprehensively profile and describe the phenolics present. UHPLC-QTOF-MS allowed for putatively annotating 104 phenolic acids, 103 flavonols, 94 flavones, 71 anthocyanins, 66 tyrosols, 29 lignans, 15 alkylphenols and 10 stilbenes in the extracts. Nine strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Salmonella enteritidis, Sarcina lutea, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans) were then used to investigate the antimicrobial properties. The methanolic twig extract exhibited significant reducing potential towards Cu (II)/Cu (I) and Fe (III)/Fe (II) (1336.88 ± 15.70 and 710.18 ± 21.04 mg TE/g, respectively) and was the most potent DPPH radical scavenger (807.07 ± 6.83 mg TE/g). Additionally, the methanolic twig extract showed significant inhibition against most targeted enzymes. Anti-microbial results showed that all extracts were active against MRSA. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the phenolic profile of ethyl acetate extracts and leaves were the two most discriminative parameters in terms of solvents and organs, respectively. The present findings indicated that R. mucronata may be further explored for the management/prevention of oxidative stress, neurodegenerative complications and hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeelah Bibi Sadeer
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Biancamaria Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Food Science and Nutrition Section, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Campus, 42130 Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Department of Medicinal Laboratory, Vocational School of Health Services, Selcuk University, 42130 Konya, Turkey.
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit 80837, Mauritius.
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
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Guo XP, Liu X, Niu ZS, Lu DP, Zhao S, Sun XL, Wu JY, Chen YR, Tou FY, Hou L, Liu M, Yang Y. Seasonal and spatial distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments along the Yangtze Estuary, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 242:576-584. [PMID: 30014935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) are considered as an emerging pollutant among various environments. As a sink of ARGs, a comprehensive study on the spatial and temporal distribution of ARGs in the estuarine sediments is needed. In the present study, six ARGs were determined in sediments taken along the Yangtze Estuary temporally and spatially. The sulfonamides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones resistance genes including sul1, sul2, tetA, tetW, aac(6')-Ib, and qnrS, were ubiquitous, and the average abundances of most ARGs showed significant seasonal differences, with relative low abundances in winter and high abundances in summer. Moreover, the relative high abundances of ARGs were found at Shidongkou (SDK) and Wusongkou (WSK), which indicated that the effluents from the wastewater treatment plant upstream and inland river discharge could influence the abundance of ARGs in sediments. The positive correlation between intI1 and sul1 implied intI1 may be related to the occurrence and propagation of sulfonamides resistance genes. Correlation analysis and redundancy discriminant analysis showed that antibiotic concentrations had no significant correlation to their corresponding ARGs, while the total extractable metal, especially the bioavailable metals, as well as other environmental factors including temperature, clay, total organic carbon and total nitrogen, could regulate the occurrence and distribution of ARGs temporally and spatially. Our findings suggested the comprehensive effects of multiple pressures on the distribution of ARGs in the sediments, providing new insight into the distribution and dissemination of ARGs in estuarine sediments, spatially and temporally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Pan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zuo-Shun Niu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Da-Pei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yu-Ru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fei-Yun Tou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Bolarinwa O, Cai J. Developments with investigating descriptors for antimicrobial AApeptides and their derivatives. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:727-739. [PMID: 29933702 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1487950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria resulting from prolonged treatment with conventional antibiotics has necessitated the need for continuous research for better antibiotic strategies. One of these alternatives is evolutionary antimicrobial peptides also known as host-defense peptides (HDPs). HDPs are an integral part of the innate defense system in multicellular eukaryotes. Although HDPs can largely circumvent the persistent problem of antibiotic resistance due to their bacteriolytic membrane mechanism, they have some drawbacks including a low activity profile and protease instability. AApeptides have recently been introduced as a new class of peptidomimetics with resistance to proteolysis, improved activity profile, and limitless possibilities for structural diversity. Furthermore, they have shown excellent antimicrobial activity. Areas covered: This review updates the reader on the latest developments of antimicrobial AApeptides, the various derivatizations, and their development for antimicrobial applications. The most recent findings on the heterogeneous γ-AA backbone are also outlined. Expert opinion: AApeptides have found diverse applications in antimicrobial studies. AApeptides are believed to exhibit bactericidal properties by imitating the membranolytic action of HDPs. They have shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and are active against medicinally relevant drug-resistant pathogens. AApeptides and their derivatives could gain therapeutic relevance in the design and development of antibiotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olapeju Bolarinwa
- a Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Jianfeng Cai
- a Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
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Jiang Y, Zheng W, Kuang L, Ma H, Liang H. Hydrophilic Phage-Mimicking Membrane Active Antimicrobials Reveal Nanostructure-Dependent Activity and Selectivity. ACS Infect Dis 2017; 3:676-687. [PMID: 28758395 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.7b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The prevalent wisdom on developing membrane active antimicrobials (MAAs) is to seek a delicate, yet unquantified, cationic-hydrophobic balance. Inspired by phages that use nanostructured protein devices to invade bacteria efficiently and selectively, we study here the antibiotic role of nanostructures by designing spherical and rod-like polymer molecular brushes (PMBs) that mimic the two basic structural motifs of bacteriophages. Three model PMBs with different well-defined geometries consisting of multiple, identical copies of densely packed poly(4-vinyl-N-methylpyridine iodide) branches are synthesized by controlled/"living" polymerization, reminiscent of the viral structural motifs comprised of multiple copies of protein subunits. We show that, while the individual linear-chain polymer branch that makes up the PMBs is hydrophilic and a weak antimicrobial, amphiphilicity is not a required antibiotic trait once nanostructures come into play. The nanostructured PMBs induce an unusual topological transition of bacterial but not mammalian membranes to form pores. The sizes and shapes of the nanostructures further help define the antibiotic activity and selectivity of the PMBs against different families of bacteria. This study highlights the importance of nanostructures in the design of MAAs with high activity, low toxicity, and target specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiang Jiang
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Wan Zheng
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Liangju Kuang
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials
Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Hairong Ma
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
| | - Hongjun Liang
- Department of Cell Physiology & Molecular Biophysics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas 79430, United States
- Departments
of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Miyazaki H, Midorikawa N, Fujimoto S, Miyoshi N, Yoshida H, Matsumoto T. Antimicrobial effects of lysophosphatidylcholine on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Ther Adv Infect Dis 2017; 4:89-94. [PMID: 28748087 DOI: 10.1177/2049936117714920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important health care-associated and community-associated pathogen and causes a large number of infections worldwide. For the purpose of application to topical treatment of MRSA infection, we examined the antimicrobial effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on MRSA strains. We also investigated the combination effect of LPC and gentamicin on MRSA growth. METHODS The LPC minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for Gram-positive (S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria were measured by the broth microdilution method. The mechanism of LPC-mediated MRSA killing was investigated by membrane permeability analysis with DiSC3(5) fluorescence and growth curve analysis. Lastly, the effects of LPC on gentamicin-induced bactericidal activity were determined in combination treatment studies with 15 gentamicin-resistant MRSA isolates from the skin, nose, or ears. RESULTS The LPC MIC for Gram-positive bacteria varied between 32 µg/ml and >2048 µg/ml, whereas that for all Gram-negative bacteria was >2048 µg/ml. Consistently, membrane permeability analysis showed that LPC was substantially more effective in inducing membrane permeability in Gram-positive bacteria than in Gram-negative counterparts. Growth curve analysis in cotreatment studies demonstrated that LPC has intrinsic bactericidal effects and can also potentiate gentamicin sensitivity in resistant MRSA strains. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that LPC exhibits intrinsic antimicrobial effects and can enhance the antimicrobial effects of gentamicin for resistant MRSA strains, suggesting that LPC may be a beneficial additive in topical antibiotics for superficial skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Miyazaki
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Naoko Midorikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saki Fujimoto
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Miyoshi
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideto Yoshida
- Department of Fine Chemicals, Institute of Product Development, Research & Development Division, Kewpie Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
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Zuo GY, Wang CJ, Han J, Li YQ, Wang GC. Synergism of coumarins from the Chinese drug Zanthoxylum nitidum with antibacterial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1814-1820. [PMID: 27912884 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious therapeutic challenge in current clinic and new drug development. Natural coumarins have diverse bioactivities and the potential of resistance modifying effects. PURPOSE This study is to present in-depth evaluations of in vitro antimicrobial activities of four natural coumarins 5-geranyloxy-7-methoxycoumarin (Gm, 1), (5,7-dimethoxy-8-prenyloxycoumarin (artanin, Ar, 2)), isopimpinellin (Is, 3) and phellopterin (Ph, 4) from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. (Rutaceae) extracts, focusing on their potential restoration the activity of conventional antibacterial agents against clinical MRSA strains. METHODS Bioactivity-guided fractionation and spectral analyses were used to isolate the coumarins and identify the structures, respectively. The double broth microdilution method was used to assay the coumarins' alone activity. The classic checkerboard microdilution and dynamic time-killing methods were used to evaluate combinatory effects. RESULTS The four plant coumarins Gm (1), Ar (2), Is (3) and Ph (4) were isolated and identified from Z. nitidum extracts. Coumarins 1-4 displayed promising inhibition against both MSSA and MRSA with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 8-64µg/ml, but very weak against Gram-negative pathogen and yeast with MICs of 256 to ≥1024µg/ml. The geranyloxy and prenyloxy substitutions showed to be more active than the methoxy substitution on the coumarin skeletons. 1-4 also showing different extent of synergism with a total of eight conventional antibacterial agents, i.e. chloramphenicol (CL), gentamicin (CN), fosfomycin (FF), levofloxacin (LE), minocycline (MI), piperacillin/tazobactam (P/T), teicoplanin (TE) and vancomycin (VA) against ten clinical MRSA strains. Four to ten of the tested MRSA strains showed bacteriostatic synergy in the eleven combinations. The anti-MRSA modifying effects were related to different arrangement in the combinations with fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) from 0.187 to 1.125 and the three combinations CN (Is), CL (Ph) and MI (Gm) were the best ones. The enhancement of activity was also shown by 2-64 of dose reduction indices (DRIs) of the combined MICs, with VA (Ph) combination resulted the biggest DRI. The resistance of MRSA to antibacterial agents could be reversed in the combinations of CL (Gm or Ph), LE (Ph) and MI (Is) following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. Six combinations P/T (Gm), TE (Ar), CN (Is), VA (Ph) and CL (Gm or Ph) also showed bactericidal synergy with Δlog10CFU/ml >2 at 24h incubation. CONCLUSIONS The coumarins showed high potentiating effects of the antibacterial agents against multi-drug resistant SA. The resistance reversal effect of CL, LE and MI warrants further pharmacological investigation on combinatory therapy for the sake of fighting against MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ying Zuo
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Chun-Juan Wang
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China; School of Pharmacy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 550004, China
| | - Jun Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yu-Qing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medical College, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Gen-Chun Wang
- Research Center for Natural Medicines, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Kunming 650032, China
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Total synthesis of (±)-naphthacemycin A9, possessing both antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and circumventing effect of β-lactam resistance. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 70:574-581. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Molecular Mechanism of the Flavonoid Natural Product Dryocrassin ABBA against Staphylococcus aureus Sortase A. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21111428. [PMID: 27792196 PMCID: PMC6273746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The intractability of bacterial resistance presents a dilemma for therapies against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. Effective anti-virulence strategies are urgently needed, reflecting the proliferation of resistant strains. Inhibitors of sortase A (SrtA), enzymes that anchor virulence-related surface proteins, are regarded as promising candidates for countermeasures against bacterial infections. In the present study, the inhibitory effect of dryocrassin ABBA (ABBA) against SrtA and its molecular basis has been examined. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays were used to determine the inhibitory activity of ABBA against SrtA. To identify the mechanism underlying this activity, molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis assays were applied, and the results revealed that the direct engagement of SrtA via ABBA through binding to V166 and V168 significantly attenuated the catalytic activity of SrtA. Taken together, these findings indicated that ABBA is a potential novel antimicrobial agent for S. aureus infection via targeting SrtA.
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18
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Özakin S, Davis RW, Umile TP, Pirinccioglu N, Kizil M, Celik G, Sen A, Minbiole KPC, İnce E. The isolation of tetrangomycin from terrestrial Streptomyces sp. CAH29: evaluation of antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-MRSA activity. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Gebretekle GB, Serbessa MK. Exploration of over the counter sales of antibiotics in community pharmacies of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: pharmacy professionals' perspective. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2016; 5:2. [PMID: 26835006 PMCID: PMC4734870 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-016-0101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the counter sale of antibiotics is a global problem and it is increasingly recognized as a source of antibiotic misuse and is believed to increase treatment costs, adverse effects of treatment and emergence of resistance. The increasing trend of over the counter sale of antibiotics in Ethiopia calls for exploration of why such dispensing is practiced. This study aims to explore reasons for over the counter sale of antibiotics in the community pharmacies of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted in five randomly selected community pharmacies of Addis Ababa. One pharmacy professional from each pharmacy were interviewed at the spot using semi-structured, open-ended interview checklist. Besides, observation of professionals' dispensing practice was made for at least one hour in the same community pharmacies using an observation checklist. Findings were categorized into specific themes that were developed following the objectives. This was facilitated by use of OpenCode 3.6 software. RESULTS All participants pointed out that antibiotics were frequently dispensed without prescription and contend that the trend of such dispensing has been increasing. The findings indicated that the nonprescription sales of antibiotics were common for Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin and Cotrimoxazole. The poor, less educated and younger groups of the population were reported to frequently request antibiotics without prescription. The main reasons for nonprescription sale of antibiotics by pharmacy professionals were found to be related to pharmacy owner's influence to maximize revenue, customer's pressure, weak regulatory mechanism and professional conflicts of interest. CONCLUSION The study shows that nonprescription sale of antibiotics was common practice at least in Addis Ababa. The main reasons for this malpractice were the need to maximize revenue and weak regulatory mechanism. Hence, strong regulatory enforcement and community awareness campaign is called for to limit nonprescription sale of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirgissa Kaba Serbessa
- School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P .O. Box: 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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20
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Ohtawa M, Hishinuma Y, Takagi E, Yamada T, Ito F, Arima S, Uchida R, Kim YP, Ōmura S, Tomoda H, Nagamitsu T. Synthesis and Structural Revision of Cyslabdan. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:1370-7. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ohtawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | | | - Eiji Takagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Takafumi Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Fumihiro Ito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Shiho Arima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Ryuji Uchida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | | | - Satoshi Ōmura
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Hiroshi Tomoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Tohru Nagamitsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tomoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
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22
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Gharatape A, Milani M, Rasta SH, Pourhassan-Moghaddam M, Ahmadi-Kandjani S, Davaran S, Salehi R. A novel strategy for low level laser-induced plasmonic photothermal therapy: the efficient bactericidal effect of biocompatible AuNPs@(PNIPAAM-co-PDMAEMA, PLGA and chitosan). RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra23213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bactericidal effect of modified gold nanoparticles based on plasmonic photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Gharatape
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Morteza Milani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Rasta
- School of Medical Sciences
- University of Aberdeen
- Aberdeen AB24 5DT
- UK
- Department of Medical Bioengineering
| | - Mohammad Pourhassan-Moghaddam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | | | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology and Department of Medical Nanotechnology
- School of Advanced Medical Science
- Tabriz University of Medical Science
- Tabriz
- Iran
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Relhan N, Albini TA, Pathengay A, Kuriyan AE, Miller D, Flynn HW. Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility: literature review and options for treatment. Br J Ophthalmol 2015; 100:446-52. [PMID: 26701686 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or resistance is an important clinical issue worldwide. PURPOSE To review the published literature on endophthalmitis caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance. METHODS The data were analysed from a PubMed search of endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reported reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance from 1990 to 2015. RESULTS From 18 publications identified, a total of 27 endophthalmitis cases caused by Gram-positive organisms with reduced vancomycin susceptibility and/or vancomycin resistance were identified. The aetiologies of endophthalmitis were exogenous in 19/27 cases (11 post-cataract surgery, 2 post-penetrating keratoplasty, 1 post-glaucoma surgery, 4 post-open globe injury, 1 post-intravitreal injection of ranibizumab), and endogenous in 4/24 cases; no details were available about the four remaining patients. The causative organisms included Enterococcus species (7/27), coagulase-negative staphylococci (4/27), Staphylococcus aureus (4/27), Bacillus species (4/27), Streptococcus species (3/27), Leuconostoc species (3/27), Staphylococcus hominis (1/27), and unidentified Gram-positive cocci (1/27). Visual acuity of 20/400 or better at the final follow-up was recorded in 10/26 patients (38.5%; data were not available for one patient). Treatment options include fluoroquinolones, penicillin, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, and oxazolidinones. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, visual acuity outcomes were generally poor. Enterococcus and Staphylococcus species were the most common organisms reported and postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery was the most common clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Relhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Thomas A Albini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Avinash Pathengay
- Retina and Uveitis Department, L V Prasad Eye Institute, GMR Varalakshmi Campus, Visakhapatnam, Andha Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay E Kuriyan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Darlene Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Harry W Flynn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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24
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Park JH, Kumar N, Park DH, Yusupov M, Neyts EC, Verlackt CCW, Bogaerts A, Kang MH, Uhm HS, Choi EH, Attri P. A comparative study for the inactivation of multidrug resistance bacteria using dielectric barrier discharge and nano-second pulsed plasma. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13849. [PMID: 26351132 PMCID: PMC4563361 DOI: 10.1038/srep13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can be inactivated through various physical and chemical means, and these have always been the focus of extensive research. To further improve the methodology for these ends, two types of plasma systems were investigated: nano-second pulsed plasma (NPP) as liquid discharge plasma and an Argon gas-feeding dielectric barrier discharge (Ar-DBD) as a form of surface plasma. To understand the sterilizing action of these two different plasma sources, we performed experiments with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria (wild type) and multidrug resistant bacteria (Penicillum-resistant, Methicillin-resistant and Gentamicin-resistant). We observed that both plasma sources can inactivate both the wild type and multidrug-resistant bacteria to a good extent. Moreover, we observed a change in the surface morphology, gene expression and β-lactamase activity. Furthermore, we used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the variation in functional groups (C-H/C-C, C-OH and C=O) of the peptidoglycan (PG) resulting from exposure to plasma species. To obtain atomic scale insight in the plasma-cell interactions and support our experimental observations, we have performed molecular dynamics simulations to study the effects of plasma species, such as OH, H2O2, O, O3, as well as O2 and H2O, on the dissociation/formation of above mentioned functional groups in PG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Park
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
| | - Dae Hoon Park
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
| | - Maksudbek Yusupov
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Erik C Neyts
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christof C W Verlackt
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Min Ho Kang
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
| | - Han Sup Uhm
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
| | - Pankaj Attri
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center/Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, Korea 139-701
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25
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Hu K, Jiang Y, Xie Y, Liu H, Liu R, Zhao Z, Lai R, Yang L. Small-Anion Selective Transmembrane "Holes" Induced by an Antimicrobial Peptide Too Short to Span Membranes. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:8553-60. [PMID: 26126210 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Whereas many membrane-destabilization modes have been suggested for membrane-spanning antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), few are available for those too short to span membrane thickness. Here we show that ORB-1, a 15-residue disulfide-bridged AMP that is only ∼20 Å long even when fully stretched like a hairpin, may act by inducing small anion-selective transmembrane "holes" of negative mean curvature. In model membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, ORB-1 induces chloride transmembrane transport and formation of transmembrane channels of negative mean curvature, whereas the inactive analogue, ORB-N, does not, suggesting a correlation between antibacterial activity and ability to induce transmembrane channels. Given that ORB-N is the C-terminus amidated form of ORB-1, our results further suggest that formation of membrane-spanning dimers may be required to initiate the observed channel induction. Moreover, ORB-1 renders model bacterial membranes permeable to anions with effective hydration diameters of <1 nm (e.g., Cl(-) and NO3(-)), but not cations of similar sizes (e.g., H3O(+)), indicative of anion-selective transmembrane channels with an effective inner diameter of ≤1 nm. In addition, negative-intrinsic-curvature (NIC) lipids such as phosphoethanolamine (PE) may facilitate the membrane-destabilization process of ORB-1. Our findings may expand current understandings on how AMPs destabilize membranes and facilitate the pharmaceutical development of ORB-1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rui Liu
- ‡Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | | | - Ren Lai
- ‡Biotoxin Units of Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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Shah DA, Wasim S, Essa Abdullah F. Antibiotic resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine samples of Urinary Tract Infections patients in Karachi, Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:341-5. [PMID: 26101487 PMCID: PMC4476338 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.312.6839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Psedomonas aeruginosa and its prevalence in patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) for effective treatment in a developing country like Pakistan. Methods: This is an observational study conducted for a period of ten months which ended on December 2013 at the Dr. Essa Laboratory and Diagnostic Centre in Karachi. A total of 4668 urine samples of UTI patients were collected and standard microbiological techniques were performed to identify the organisms in urine cultures. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer technique for twenty five commonly used antimicrobials and then analyzed on SPSS version 17. Results: P. aeruginosa was isolated in 254 cultures (5.4%). The most resistant drugs included Ceclor(100%) and Cefizox (100%) followed by Amoxil/Ampicillin (99.6%), Ceflixime (99.6%), Doxycycline (99.6%), Cefuroxime (99.2%), Cephradine (99.2%), Cotrimoxazole (99.2%), Nalidixic acid (98.8%), Pipemidic acid (98.6%) and Augmentin (97.6%). Conclusion: Emerging resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are potentially linked to injudicious use of drugs leading to ineffective empirical therapy and in turn, appearance of even more resistant strains of the bacterium. Therefore, we recommend culture and sensitivity testing to determine the presence of P.aeruginosa prior to specific antimicrobial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Aijaz Shah
- Dania Aijaz Shah, Dow University of Health Sciences, Baba-E-Urdu Road, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Shehnaz Wasim
- Shehnaz Wasim, Ziauddin University, 4/B, Shahrah-e-Ghalib, Block 6, Clifton, Karachi - 75600, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Essa Abdullah
- Farhan Essa Abdullah, Dr. Essa Laboratory and Diagnostic Centre, B-122, Block-H, Shahrah-e-Jahangir, North Nazimabad, Karachi, Pakistan
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Abstract
The mammalian gastrointestinal tract is home to a dense community of resident bacteria and is also exposed to microorganisms from the external environment. The epithelial surface of the intestine plays a critical role in host protection by producing a diverse repertoire of antimicrobial proteins that directly kill or hinder the growth of microorganisms. Here we discuss the general principles that govern the mechanisms of action of epithelial antimicrobial proteins, regulation of antimicrobial protein expression and activity, and in vivo functions of intestinal antimicrobial proteins. We also consider how altered antimicrobial protein expression and function can contribute to disease and how these endogenous antibiotics might be harnessed for the benefit of human health.
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28
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Lu Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Wu Z, Song J, Li C. Composite copolymer hybrid silver nanoparticles: preparation and characterization of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00931b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The AgNPs could adhere to the bacterial membrane through electrostatic force, then damage the bacterial membrane irreversibly and lead to bacterial apoptosis finally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health)
- Metabolic Diseases Hospital
- Tianjin Medical University
- Tianjin 300070
- China
| | - Jia Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Chaoxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
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29
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Lu Z, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Xue Y, Zhai T, Wu Z, Li C. BODIPY-based macromolecular photosensitizer with cation-enhanced antibacterial activity. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00715h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The macromolecular photosensitizer could bind and eliminate bacteria efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Xinge Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Yinan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Tingting Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health)
- Metabolic Diseases Hospital
- Tianjin Medical University
- Tianjin 300070
- China
| | - Chaoxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of Education
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- China
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30
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Choi JM, Woo GJ. Transfer of tetracycline resistance genes with aggregation substance in food-borne Enterococcus faecalis. Curr Microbiol 2014; 70:476-84. [PMID: 25487115 PMCID: PMC4338359 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis has the ability to conjugate with the aid of aggregation substance (AS) and inducible sex pheromones to exchange genetic elements in food matrix. To evaluate the food safety condition and the transferable factor, 250 tetracycline-resistant food-borne E. faecalis were collected in Korea. Among the isolates, a majority of tetracycline-resistant isolates (49.6 %) harbored both the tet(M) and tet(L) genes together, followed by tet(M) (19.6 %), and tet(L) (6.8 %) alone. Also, we found the combination of tet(L)/tet(M)/tet(O) or tet(M)/tet(O). We identified two tet(S) genes including the isolate carrying tet(M) + tet(S) genes. Additionally, most E. faecalis were positive for cpd and ccf (both 96.8 %) followed by cob (57.2 %). Through mating experiments, we confirmed E. faecalis possessing the Int-Tn gene and/or any AS gene successfully transferred tet genes to JH2-2 E. faecalis, whereas neither E. faecalis carrying AS genes nor the Int-Tn gene showed the conjugation. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis results supported a distinct pattern, implying transfer of genetic information. Our study revealed a high occurrence of tetracycline resistance genes in E. faecalis from various foods. The widespread dissemination of tetracycline resistance genes would be promoted to transfer tetracycline resistance genes by pheromone-mediated conjugation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Mi Choi
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Evaluation, Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-713, Korea
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Amrani J. Intraoperative Powdered Vancomycin Use With Paddle Lead Placement. Neuromodulation 2014; 18:177-80; discussion 181. [DOI: 10.1111/ner.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yang X, Hu K, Hu G, Shi D, Jiang Y, Hui L, Zhu R, Xie Y, Yang L. Long Hydrophilic-and-Cationic Polymers: A Different Pathway toward Preferential Activity against Bacterial over Mammalian Membranes. Biomacromolecules 2014; 15:3267-77. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5006596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Kan Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Guantai Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Danyao Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Yunjiang Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Liwei Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Yuntao Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
| | - Lihua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter
Chemistry, ¶Department of Materials Science and
Engineering, #Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, ⊥CAS Key Laboratory of Materials
for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 P.R. China
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Kotwani A, Holloway K. Antibiotic prescribing practice for acute, uncomplicated respiratory tract infections in primary care settings in New Delhi, India. Trop Med Int Health 2014; 19:761-8. [DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kotwani
- Department of Pharmacology; V. P. Chest Institute; University of Delhi; Delhi India
| | - Kathleen Holloway
- Essential Drugs and Other Medicines; WHO; Regional Office for South East Asia; New Delhi India
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Singh M, Sareen D. Novel LanT associated lantibiotic clusters identified by genome database mining. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91352. [PMID: 24621781 PMCID: PMC3951391 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frequent use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Lantibiotic compounds are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides against which bacteria are not able to produce resistance, hence making them a good alternative to antibiotics. Nisin is the oldest and the most widely used lantibiotic, in food preservation, without having developed any significant resistance against it. Having their antimicrobial potential and a limited number, there is a need to identify novel lantibiotics. Methodology/Findings Identification of novel lantibiotic biosynthetic clusters from an ever increasing database of bacterial genomes, can provide a major lead in this direction. In order to achieve this, a strategy was adopted to identify novel lantibiotic biosynthetic clusters by screening the sequenced genomes for LanT homolog, which is a conserved lantibiotic transporter specific to type IB clusters. This strategy resulted in identification of 54 bacterial strains containing the LanT homologs, which are not the known lantibiotic producers. Of these, 24 strains were subjected to a detailed bioinformatic analysis to identify genes encoding for precursor peptides, modification enzyme, immunity and quorum sensing proteins. Eight clusters having two LanM determinants, similar to haloduracin and lichenicidin were identified, along with 13 clusters having a single LanM determinant as in mersacidin biosynthetic cluster. Besides these, orphan LanT homologs were also identified which might be associated with novel bacteriocins, encoded somewhere else in the genome. Three identified gene clusters had a C39 domain containing LanT transporter, associated with the LanBC proteins and double glycine type precursor peptides, the only known example of such a cluster is that of salivaricin. Conclusion This study led to the identification of 8 novel putative two-component lantibiotic clusters along with 13 having a single LanM and 3 with LanBC genes. Putative lantibiotic clusters identified here hold the potential for the discovery of novel lantibiotic(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangal Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Dipti Sareen
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
- * E-mail:
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Zaffiri L, Gardner J, Toledo-Pereyra LH. History of antibiotics: from fluoroquinolones to daptomycin (Part 2). J INVEST SURG 2014; 26:167-79. [PMID: 23869821 DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2013.808461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the Modern Era, physicians attested to the reciprocal influence among a technologically advanced society, rapid scientific progresses in medicine, and the need for new antimicrobials. The results of these changes were not only seen in the prolongation of life expectancy but also by the emergence of new pathogens. We first observed the advent of Gram-negative bacteria as a major source of nosocomial infections. The treatment of these microorganisms was complicated by the appearance and spread of drug resistance. We first focused on the development of two major classes of antimicrobials still currently used for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteria, such as fluoroquinolones and carbapenemes. Subsequently, we directed our attention to the growth of the incidence of infections due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Although the first MRSA was already isolated in 1961, the treatment of this new pathogen has been based on the efficacy of vancomycin for more than four decades. Only in the last 15 yr, we assisted in the development of new antimicrobial agents such as linezolid and daptomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Zaffiri
- Western Michigan University School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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Asencio MA, Huertas M, Carranza R, Tenias JM, Celis J, Gonzalez-del Valle F. Impact of changes in antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative endophthalmitis in a Spanish hospital. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2014; 21:45-50. [PMID: 24467562 DOI: 10.3109/09286586.2013.867511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess whether changes in antibiotic prophylaxis used in cataract surgery in the La Mancha Centro General Hospital, Spain, were associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis (POE). METHODS The hospital employed two different antibiotic prophylaxis regimens during two clearly differentiated periods. In the first period (January 2000 to April 2003), subconjunctival injections of gentamicin were used while in the second (May 2003 to December 2008), vancomycin and gentamicin were added to the irrigating solution. During both periods, povidone iodine was used at the site of surgery and aminoglycoside eye drops were administered postoperatively. A Poisson regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between the incidence rate of endophthalmitis and variables such as time trends, seasonality, and change in antibiotic prophylaxis regimen. RESULTS During the period between 2000 and 2008, 26 cases of POE were detected after 14,285 operations for an incidence rate (IR) of 1.8 cases per 1000 procedures (95% confidence interval 1.2-2.7 cases out of 1000 procedures). In the period prior to the change in prophylaxis, 23 cases were detected (IR 4.5 cases/1000 procedures) while only three cases were observed in the period after the change (IR 0.3 cases/1000 procedures). A total of 84% of the microorganisms isolated were gram-positive, and all were sensitive to vancomycin. CONCLUSIONS The change in antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for cataract surgery was associated with a relevant and significant decrease in the incidence of POE.
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Kim HS, Jadhav JR, Jung SJ, Kwak JH. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of imidazole and pyridine appended cholestane-based conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:4315-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Prophylaxis for acute scleral buckle infection using 0.25 % povidone-iodine ocular surface irrigation during surgery. Int Ophthalmol 2013; 34:211-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-013-9816-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Wu YS, Liao ZJ, Wang KS, Lung FDT. Structure-activity relationship of potent antimicrobial peptide analogs of Ixosin-B amide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:2929-32. [PMID: 23570790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
There is a great urgency in developing a new generation of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents since the bacterial resistance to antibiotics have increased dramatically. A series of overlapped peptide fragments of Ixosin-B, an antimicrobial peptide with amino acid sequence of QLKVDLWGTRSGIQPEQHSSGKSDVRRWRSRY, was designed, synthesized and examined for their antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A potent 11-mer peptide TSG-8-1, WWSYVRRWRSR-amide, was developed, which exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus while very little hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes was observed at high dose level. This peptide could be further modified for the development of a potent antimicrobial agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Chen B, Liang X, Huang X, Zhang T, Li X. Differentiating anthropogenic impacts on ARGs in the Pearl River Estuary by using suitable gene indicators. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:2811-2820. [PMID: 23521975 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are increasingly a focus of concern because they pose a potential health risk. The Pearl River (PR) and Pearl River Estuary (PRE) show a distinct gradient in anthropogenic impacts, in particular associated with the use of antibiotics, from the river, to the estuary, and on to the coast. In this study, two surveys were conducted in the PR and PRE areas during the winter and summer of 2011, respectively. Seven tet genes consisting of efflux pump (tetA, tetC, and tetH) and ribosomal protection proteins (tetB, tetM, tetO, and tetW) were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The tet genes, with the exception of tetA and tetH, were widely detected in the PR and PRE environments. The tet genes exhibited a trend of an increase in total concentration and diversity with the degree of anthropogenic impacts from the river to the coast, indicating that riverine input was the main source of ARGs in the region. Significant correlations were observed between tet genes and antibiotic concentrations, as well as among different environmental compartments (water and sediments). The distribution patterns of tet genes were similar between the potential sources of pollution and the highly-impacted sites, but were significantly different between less-impacted sites and highly-impacted ones or pollution sources. The results suggest that ARGs and antibiotics may be released from identical sources, and transported in a similar manner in estuary/coastal environments close to sources of pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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41
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The degree of bacterial contamination while performing spine surgery. Asian Spine J 2013; 7:8-13. [PMID: 23508998 PMCID: PMC3596589 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2013.7.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Prospective experimental study. PURPOSE To evaluate bacterial contamination during surgery. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE The participants of surgery and ventilation system have been known as the most significant sources of contamination. METHODS Two pairs of air culture blood agar plate for G(+) bacteria and MacConkey agar plate for G(-) bacteria were placed at 3 different locations in a conventional operation room: in the surgical field, under the airflow of local air conditioner, and pathway to door while performing spine surgeries. One pair of culture plates was retrieved after one hour and the other pair was retrieved after 3 hours. The cultured bacteria were identified and number of colonies was counted. RESULTS There was no G(-) bacteria identified. G(+) bacteria grew on all 90 air culture blood agar plates. The colony count of one hour group was 14.5±5.4 in the surgical field, 11.3±6.6 under the local air conditioner, and 13.1±8.7 at the pathway to the door. There was no difference among the 3 locations. The colony count of 3 hours group was 46.4±19.5, 30.3±12.9, and 39.7±15.2, respectively. It was more at the surgical field than under the air conditioner (p=0.03). The number of colonies of one hour group was 13.0±7.0 and 3 hours group was 38.8±17.1. There was positive correlation between the time and the number of colonies (r=0.76, p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS Conventional operation room was contaminated by G(+) bacteria. The degree of contamination was most high at the surgical field. The number of bacteria increased right proportionally to the time.
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Discovery of nosokophic acid, a predicted intermediate of moenomycins, from nosokomycin-producing Streptomyces sp. K04-0144. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:860-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mathur P, Singh S. Multidrug resistance in bacteria: a serious patient safety challenge for India. J Lab Physicians 2013; 5:5-10. [PMID: 24014960 PMCID: PMC3758706 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2727.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient safety is an important issue affecting the delivery of health care in developed, transitional and developing countries. With the advancements in patient care, hitherto unknown issues relating to patient safety are emerging. An important problem endangering patient safety is infections acquired in the health care facilities. Health care associated infections (HCAIs) are no longer a local or regional problem. With the dissemination of multi-drug resistant bacteria across the globe, the problem of HCAIs has become even grimmer. The emergence of pan-resistant bacterial strains, compounded by lack of availability of new antimicrobials foretells a grave future for management of infections acquired in hospitals. Therefore, it is important to frame local policies and measures and take affirmative actions for prevention of HCAIs and reduce the burden of multi drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Mathur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, New Delhi, India
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Purva Mathur, E-mail:
| | - Sarman Singh
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Anti-infectious agents against MRSA. Molecules 2012; 18:204-24. [PMID: 23262449 PMCID: PMC6269750 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically useful antibiotics, β-lactams and vancomycin, are known to inhibit bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has a unique cell wall structure consisting of peptidoglycan and wall teichoic acid. In recent years, new anti-infectious agents (spirohexaline, tripropeptin C, DMPI, CDFI, cyslabdan, 1835F03, and BPH-652) targeting MRSA cell wall biosynthesis have been discovered using unique screening methods. These agents were found to inhibit important enzymes involved in cell wall biosynthesis such as undecaprenyl pyrophosphate (UPP) synthase, FemA, flippase, or UPP phosphatase. In this review, the discovery, the mechanism of action, and the future of these anti-infectious agents are described.
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Koyama N, Tokura Y, Münch D, Sahl HG, Schneider T, Shibagaki Y, Ikeda H, Tomoda H. The nonantibiotic small molecule cyslabdan enhances the potency of β-lactams against MRSA by inhibiting pentaglycine interpeptide bridge synthesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48981. [PMID: 23166602 PMCID: PMC3490914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonantibiotic small molecule cyslabdan, a labdan-type diterpene produced by Streptomyces sp. K04-0144, markedly potentiated the activity of the β-lactam drug imipenem against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To study the mechanism of action of cyslabdan, the proteins that bind to cyslabdan were investigated in an MRSA lysate, which led to the identification of FemA, which is involved in the synthesis of the pentaglycine interpeptide bridge of the peptidoglycan of MRSA. Furthermore, binding assay of cyslabdan to FemB and FemX with the function similar to FemA revealed that cyslabdan had an affinity for FemB but not FemX. In an enzyme-based assay, cyslabdan inhibited FemA activity, where as did not affected FemX and FemB activities. Nonglycyl and monoglycyl murein monomers were accumulated by cyslabdan in the peptidoglycan of MRSA cell walls. These findings indicated that cyslabdan primarily inhibits FemA, thereby suppressing pentaglycine interpeptide bridge synthesis. This protein is a key factor in the determination of β-lactam resistance in MRSA, and our findings provide a new strategy for combating MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Koyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Tokura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daniela Münch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Sahl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tanja Schneider
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yoshio Shibagaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruo Ikeda
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tomoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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46
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Antimicrobial resistance: Implications for therapy of infections with common childhood pathogens. Can J Infect Dis 2012; 7:169-73. [PMID: 22514433 DOI: 10.1155/1996/431214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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47
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Yang YN, Tseng HI, Yang SN, Lu CC, Chen HL, Chen CJ. A strategy for reduction of antibiotic use in new patients admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Neonatol 2012; 53:245-51. [PMID: 22964282 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to reduce the unnecessary use of and provide appropriate guidance for the administration of antibiotics, the neonatal bacterial infections screening score (NBISS) was developed to assess each new patient that is admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS NBISS was designed based on maternal risk factors, clinical presentations, and laboratory data. The total score of each new patient is calculated at the time of admission. The first period of this study was an observational survey. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the best cut-off NBISS for the diagnosis of bacterial infection (BI) and guide the use of antibiotics during the second period of this study. RESULTS Of 250 neonates who were admitted to the NICU, 237 (94.8%) received antibiotics during the first period of study. The initial total scores were not statistically different between the BI and non-BI groups (p = 0.155). We weighted C-reaction protein (CRP) (by 8×), the presence of a bulging fontanelle, pus from the ear canal, redness around the umbilicus, reduced movement, and being unable to feed (each by 5×) as significantly different between the BI and non-BI groups (p = 0.015). Weighted scores >8 points demonstrated the best diagnostic accuracy for indicating BI. After introducing NBISS for predicting BI in new patients admitted to NICU, the rate of antibiotic use significantly decreased from 94.8% to 60.3% between the two periods. CONCLUSION Using this simple screening strategy, we were able to clinically reduce the use of unnecessary antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ning Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Suga T, Ishii T, Iwatsuki M, Yamamoto T, Nonaka K, Masuma R, Matsui H, Hanaki H, Ōmura S, Shiomi K. Aranorosin circumvents arbekacin-resistance in MRSA by inhibiting the bifunctional enzyme AAC(6′)/APH(2″). J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2012; 65:527-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2012.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Lung FDT, Wang KS, Liao ZJ, Hsu SK, Song FY, Liou CC, Wu YS. Discovery of potent antimicrobial peptide analogs of Ixosin-B. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4185-8. [PMID: 22578463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent the first defense line against infection when organisms are infected by pathogens. These peptides are generally good targets for the development of antimicrobial agents. Peptide amide analogs of Ixosin-B, an antimicrobial peptide with amino acid sequence of QLKVDLWGTRSGIQPEQHSSGKSDVRRWRSRY, were designed, synthesized and examined for antimicrobial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Within the peptides synthesized, we discovered an 11-mer peptide, KRLRRVWRRWR-amide, which exhibited potent antimicrobial activity while very little hemolytic activity in human erythrocytes was observed even at high dose level (100 μM). With further modifications, this peptide could be developed into a potent antimicrobial agent in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Di T Lung
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan, ROC.
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50
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Wang R, Starkey M, Hazan R, Rahme LG. Honey's Ability to Counter Bacterial Infections Arises from Both Bactericidal Compounds and QS Inhibition. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:144. [PMID: 22514552 PMCID: PMC3323871 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of honey to kill bacterial pathogens in vitro and quickly clear even chronic or drug-resistant infections has been demonstrated by several studies. Most current research is focused on identifying the bactericidal compounds in honey, but the action of the compounds discovered is not sufficient to explain honey’s activity. By diluting honey to sub-inhibitory levels, we were able to study its impact on bacterial coordinated behavior, and discovered that honey inhibits bacterial quorum sensing (QS). Experiments to characterize and quantify honey’s effect on the QS networks of Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed that low concentrations of honey inhibited the expression of MvfR, las, and rhl regulons, including the associated virulence factors. This research also establishes that inhibition of QS is associated with honey’s sugar content. Therefore, honey combats infections by two independent mechanisms acting in tandem: bactericidal components, which actively kill cells, and disruption of QS, which weakens bacterial coordination and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA, USA
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