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Rivière E. British Society for Haematology guidelines to improve the care of asplenic patients: Much work done, some remaining and a call for national registries. Br J Haematol 2024; 204:1573-1576. [PMID: 38600802 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Asplenic patients are at high risk of serious infectious or thrombotic complications, especially when they are not adequately informed of the risk and not closely followed. Ladhani et al. on behalf of the British Society for Haematology propose updated guidelines for managing these patients. Healthcare professionals need to improve infection prevention in patients with hypofunctional or absent spleen through better identification and immunisation using established national registries. Commentary on: Ladhani et al. Prevention and treatment of infection in patients with absent or hypofunctional spleen: A British Society for Haematology guideline. Br J Haematol 2024;204:1672-1686.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Rivière
- Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Haut-Leveque Hospital, University Hospital Centre of Bordeaux, Pessac Cedex, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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2
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Okoli GN, Righolt CH, Zhang G, Alessi-Severini S, Van Caeseele P, fan Kuo I, Mahmud SM. Characteristics and determinants of seasonal influenza vaccination in Manitoba, Canada: A population-wide record-linkage study. Vaccine X 2024; 17:100435. [PMID: 38299203 PMCID: PMC10825609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) uptake (receipt of vaccine) in Manitoba, Canada is consistently low notwithstanding vaccine availability and free-of-charge vaccination. Despite, there is a lack of published evidence on the determinants of uptake of the vaccine. We sought to assess the association between SIV uptake and certain population and primary care physician (PCP) characteristics in Manitoba. Methods We conducted a longitudinal study utilizing Manitoba administrative health databases. We summarized SIV uptake from 2000/01-2019/20 influenza seasons across subpopulations defined by socioeconomic, health-related and PCP characteristics. Utilizing multivariable generalized estimating equation logistic regression models, we assessed the association between SIV uptake and the socioeconomic, health-related and PCP characteristics, stratified by age group (<5-, 5-17-, 18-44-, 45-64-, ≥65-year-olds) and sex. Results are adjusted odds ratios with associated 95 % confidence intervals. Results SIV uptake percentage increased over time with 4.4 %, 13.1 %, 17.5 % and 21.7 % of < 5-year-olds, 2 %, 4.9 %, 9.7 % and 13.1 % of 5-17-year-olds, 5.4 %, 8.8 %, 10.7 % and 13.5 % of 18-44-year-olds, 16.8 %, 21.3 %, 23.6 % and 24.6 % of 45-64-year-olds receiving the SIV in 2000-2004, 2005-2009, 2010-2014 and 2015-2019, respectively. There was a decline among ≥ 65-year-olds from 58.5 % to 53.5 %. We observed a similar pattern across subpopulations. There were significantly increased odds of SIV uptake among females within the age groups ≥ 18 years, in higher income quintiles, mostly with increased contact with a PCP/hospitalization within age groups ≥ 18 years, among those who had older or female PCPs (the opposite observation among ≥ 65-year-olds) and whose PCP administered at least one SIV in prior influenza season. These observations were largely consistent irrespective of sex. Conclusion SIV uptake in Manitoba appears to increase with age, and many socioeconomic, health-related and PCP characteristics appear to be associated with it. These findings may inform targeted vaccination programs to optimize influenza vaccination in Manitoba and similar Canadian jurisdictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George N. Okoli
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Vaccine and Drug Evaluation Centre, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- George and Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Christiaan H. Righolt
- Vaccine and Drug Evaluation Centre, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Geng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Vaccine and Drug Evaluation Centre, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Silvia Alessi-Severini
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Paul Van Caeseele
- Departments of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, and Pediatrics and Child Health, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Cadham Provincial Public Health Laboratories, Manitoba Health and Seniors Care, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - I fan Kuo
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Optimal Use and Evaluation, Ministry of Health, Government of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Salaheddin M. Mahmud
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Vaccine and Drug Evaluation Centre, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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3
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Messina S, Natale P, Graziano G, Galleggiante S, Strippoli GFM, Petruzzi M. Oral manifestations after vaccinations: A systematic review of observational studies. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38321527 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the prevalence and types of oral adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) in people who received at least one dose of any type of vaccine. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a bibliographic search about oral AEFIs in MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Ovid from database inception to November 07, 2022. Risk of bias was assessed using the MURAD or the Quality In Prognosis Studies tools. Random-effects proportional meta-analysis was applied. RESULTS A total of 119 studies involving 343 people were eligible. These reported AEFIs occurred following administration of the coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine, anti-influenza vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, and anti-smallpox vaccine. The most common to be affected in vaccinated people were buccal mucosa (63.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 33.4-88.2) and lips (55.7%; 95% CI, 41.1-69.8). The most prevalent oral AEFIs were ulceration (55.2%; 95% CI 24.4-84.0), swelling (65.2%; 95% CI 34.9-89.8), and burning sensation (18.3%; 95% CI 7.9-31.8). CONCLUSIONS The mechanisms underlying oral AEFIs should be further investigated to promptly recognize oral manifestations and provide optimal management for people undergoing vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Messina
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Natale
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giusi Graziano
- Center for Outcomes Research and Clinical Epidemiology (CORESEARCH), Pescara, Italy
| | - Sara Galleggiante
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni F M Strippoli
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DIMEPRE-J), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Petruzzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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4
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Kramps T. Introduction to RNA Vaccines Post COVID-19. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2786:1-22. [PMID: 38814388 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3770-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Available prophylactic vaccines help prevent many infectious diseases that burden humanity. Future vaccinology will likely extend these benefits by more effectively countering newly emerging pathogens, fighting currently intractable infections, or even generating novel treatment modalities for non-infectious diseases. Instead of applying protein antigen directly, RNA vaccines contain short-lived genetic information that guides the expression of protein antigen in the vaccinee, like infection with a recombinant viral vector. Upon decades of research, messenger RNA-lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) vaccines have proven clinical value in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic as they combine benefits of killed subunit vaccines and live-attenuated vectors, including flexible production, self-adjuvanting effects, and stimulation of humoral and cellular immunity. RNA vaccines remain subject to continued development raising high hopes for broader future application. Their mechanistic versatility promises to make them a key tool of vaccinology and immunotherapy going forward. Here, I briefly review key developments in RNA vaccines and outline the contents of this volume of Methods in Molecular Biology.
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Leeyaphan C, Jirawattanadon P, Bunyaratavej S, Panjapakkul W, Hutachoke T, Nanchaipruek Y, Phumariyapong P. Herpes Zoster after COVID-19 Infection or Vaccination: A Prospective Cohort Study in a Tertiary Dermatology Clinic. Dermatol Res Pract 2023; 2023:2206498. [PMID: 38188702 PMCID: PMC10771922 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2206498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Herpes zoster (HZ) has been observed to occur after COVID-19 infection and vaccination; however, knowledge regarding the demographic data, clinical presentations, and treatment outcomes of HZ is limited. Objective To compare the demographic data, clinical manifestations, treatments, and outcomes of patients with and without HZ within 14 days of COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Methods This prospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with cutaneous HZ was conducted at a dermatology clinic from October 2021 to January 2023. Results Among a total of 232 patients with HZ, the median age was 62.0 years and 59.1% were female. HZ developed in 23 (9.9%) and four (1.7%) patients after COVID-19 vaccination and infection, respectively. The mean duration from vaccination and the median duration from infection to HZ onset were 5.7 and 8.5 days, respectively. The proportion of female patients was significantly higher in the group of patients with COVID-19 vaccination or infection than in those without such a history (P = 0.035). Patients who developed HZ following the recent COVID-19 infection had a median age of 42.5 years, which was lower than that of the other groups. Dissemination occurred in 8.7% of the patients after COVID-19 vaccination. HZ recurrence was reported in five cases, of which 80% had been vaccinated or infected with COVID-19 during the previous 21 days. All patients had similar durations of antiviral treatment, crust-off time, and duration of neuralgia. Conclusions HZ after COVID-19 vaccination is more frequently observed in females, while HZ after COVID-19 infection tends to occur in younger patients. Disseminated HZ is more common in patients recently vaccinated against COVID-19. COVID-19 vaccination or infection may trigger recurrent HZ infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charussri Leeyaphan
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pattriya Jirawattanadon
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sumanas Bunyaratavej
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waratchaya Panjapakkul
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thrit Hutachoke
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yanisorn Nanchaipruek
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phumithep Phumariyapong
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wang X, Shao S, Ye H, Li S, Gu B, Tang B. Development of a quantum dot-based lateral flow immunoassay strip for rapid and sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22253. [PMID: 38097611 PMCID: PMC10721894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To a certain extent, the development and vaccination of COVID-19 vaccine have reduced the alarming rate of transmission speed and mortality rate. At present, vaccine coverage is quite high in countries around the world. Since individual differences are unavoidable, it is necessary to assess the efficacy of the vaccine in each vaccinated person in order to reflect the protective effect of the vaccine in different populations. In this study, we developed a novel COVID-19 neutralizing antibody detection kit combining lateral flow immunochromatography and novel quantum dot technology with 85.23% sensitivity, 92.50% specificity. The novel QD-ICA could achieve an accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies with 10 minutes, two steps, small equipment size, and broad testing application, suggesting its capability to assess vaccine effectiveness on a large scale in areas of world that currently affected by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirong Wang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Shulin Shao
- Department of Laboratory, Nanjing Pukou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Nanjing Vazyme Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Sen Li
- Nanjing Vazyme Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China
- Nanjing Vazyme Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, 106 Zhongshan 2nd Rd, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China.
| | - Bo Tang
- Medical Technology School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Nanjing Vazyme Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China.
- Nanjing Vazyme Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, 210046, China.
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7
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Kim JY, Rosenberger MG, Rutledge NS, Esser-Kahn AP. Next-Generation Adjuvants: Applying Engineering Methods to Create and Evaluate Novel Immunological Responses. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1687. [PMID: 37376133 PMCID: PMC10300703 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adjuvants are a critical component of vaccines. Adjuvants typically target receptors that activate innate immune signaling pathways. Historically, adjuvant development has been laborious and slow, but has begun to accelerate over the past decade. Current adjuvant development consists of screening for an activating molecule, formulating lead molecules with an antigen, and testing this combination in an animal model. There are very few adjuvants approved for use in vaccines, however, as new candidates often fail due to poor clinical efficacy, intolerable side effects, or formulation limitations. Here, we consider new approaches using tools from engineering to improve next-generation adjuvant discovery and development. These approaches will create new immunological outcomes that will be evaluated with novel diagnostic tools. Potential improved immunological outcomes include reduced vaccine reactogenicity, tunable adaptive responses, and enhanced adjuvant delivery. Evaluations of these outcomes can leverage computational approaches to interpret "big data" obtained from experimentation. Applying engineering concepts and solutions will provide alternative perspectives, further accelerating the field of adjuvant discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aaron P. Esser-Kahn
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (J.Y.K.); (M.G.R.); (N.S.R.)
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8
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Immunologically effective biomaterials-enhanced vaccines against infection of pathogenic microorganisms. BIOSAFETY AND HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bsheal.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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9
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Hayman B, Kumar Suri R, Downham M. Sustainable vaccine manufacturing in low- and middle-Income countries. Vaccine 2022; 40:7288-7304. [PMID: 36334966 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The sustainable manufacturing of vaccines in developing countries is critical to increasing equitable access to vaccines and pandemic preparedness globally. Sustainable manufacturing requires that organizations engaged in the development, production and supply of vaccines have viable business models and incentives to manufacture vaccine products. The expanding manufacturing capabilities and capacities of developing countries vaccine manufacturers (DCVMs) are increasingly positioning these organizations to meet the national and regional public health needs in developing countries; however, key industry challenges such as regulatory barriers, low prices and demand uncertainty for vaccine products, and limited R&D funding threaten the long-term viability of vaccine manufacturers. This study assesses the technical capabilities, manufacturing capacities, and aspirational plans of DCVMs, exemplifying the business models and strategies undertaken to sustainably manufacture vaccines in developing countries. The public health importance of a healthy vaccine industry which enables manufacturers is discussed throughout. Vaccine manufacturers reported diverse product portfolios and R&D pipelines and utilized an array of vaccine technology platforms. Large manufacturing capacities were reported, a critical factor in manufacturers achieving economies of scale and supplying large volumes of vaccine doses to the world's most populous regions. Partnerships and collaboration within the industry and with international organizations along the vaccine value-chain were cited with high frequency. Manufacturers also reported aspirational plans to enter new markets, acquire new technologies and invest in the development of novel and improved vaccines. As DCVMs aim to have an increasing impact on the global vaccine ecosystem, a coordinated multi-stakeholder approach is required alleviate critical industry barriers to ensure that all efforts produce vaccines are sustainable and enable developing countries to realize the public health benefit of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Hayman
- DCVMN International, Route de Crassier 7, 1262 Eysins-Nyon, Switzerland.
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Schoolteachers and Vaccinations: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Campania Region. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091519. [PMID: 36146597 PMCID: PMC9501199 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding vaccinations among schoolteachers in Italy. Methods: Data were collected through an online questionnaire from September 2020 to May 2021 from a sample of schoolteachers in the Campania region of southern Italy. Results: Only 27% of the participants had good knowledge about the vaccinations recommended for schoolteachers. Females who had children, who were unsatisfied by their health status, and not needing additional information about vaccinations were more likely to have good knowledge. Moreover, 61.5% perceived that vaccinations are useful in preventing infectious diseases, and 44.5% agreed or strongly agreed that vaccinations should be mandatory for schoolteachers. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that schoolteachers who perceived that vaccinations are useful in preventing infectious diseases, who considered the recommended vaccinations to be useful to protecting their own and their students’ health, who believed that information received about vaccination was useful, and who needed additional information about vaccinations recommended for schoolteachers, were significantly more likely to agree or strongly agree that vaccinations should be mandatory for schoolteachers. Conclusions: These findings suggest the need for education strategies to ensure that schoolteachers are better informed about vaccinations recommended for their profession.
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Gdoura M, Ghaloum FB, Hamida MB, Chamsa W, Triki H, Bahloul C. Development of an in-house quantitative ELISA for the evaluation of different Covid-19 vaccines in humans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11298. [PMID: 35788676 PMCID: PMC9252535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15378-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable serological assays are needed to understand the real impact of COVID-19. In order to compare the efficiency of different COVID-19 vaccines used in the National Vaccination Program in Tunisia, we have developed a quantitative in-house ELISA. The ELISA is based on the ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Baculovirus recombinant protein. We used a panel of 145 COVID-19 RT-PCR positive serum samples and 116 pre-pandemic serum samples as a negative panel. The validation was carried out by comparison to four commercial techniques (Vidas SARS-CoV-2 IgG anti-RBD Biomérieux, Elecsys Anti-Nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 Roche, cPass GenScript and the quantitative Elecsys Anti-RBD of SARS-CoV-2, Roche). For the evaluation of the National Vaccination campaign, we have included 115 recipients who received one of the approved vaccines. The qualitative performances of the developed ELISA gave 96% sensitivity, 97.5% specificity and 0.968 accuracy. For the evaluation of the different brand of vaccines in recipients not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, it seems that mRNA vaccine of Pfizer/BioNTech has shown a higher efficacy compared to inactivated virus vaccines. COVID-19 convalescent individuals have generated poor antibody responses. Nevertheless, when they are vaccinated with any brand of the COVID-19 vaccines, many of them mounted an exponential increase of the induced immune responses, qualified as a "hybrid vigor immunity". Our developed in-house ELISA seems to be very efficient in evaluating the effectiveness of anti-COVID-19 vaccination. Platforms based on mRNA vaccine are better performing than those based on inactivated virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Gdoura
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory « Virus, Vector and Hosts » LR20IPT02, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ben Ghaloum
- Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique, LR11IPT01 Microbiologie Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002, Tunis-Belvedere, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Ben Hamida
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Chamsa
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Triki
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory « Virus, Vector and Hosts » LR20IPT02, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chokri Bahloul
- Vaccinologie et Développement Biotechnologique, LR11IPT01 Microbiologie Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur, BP 74, 1002, Tunis-Belvedere, Tunisia.
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12
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Replicating Viral Vector-Based Vaccines for COVID-19: Potential Avenue in Vaccination Arena. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040759. [PMID: 35458489 PMCID: PMC9025561 DOI: 10.3390/v14040759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)” is the third member of human coronavirus (CoV) that is held accountable for the current “coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)” pandemic. In the past two decades, the world has witnessed the emergence of two other similar CoVs, namely SARS-CoV in 2002 and MERS-CoV in 2013. The extent of spread of these earlier versions was relatively low in comparison to SARS-CoV-2. Despite having numerous reports inclined towards the zoonotic origin of the virus, one cannot simply sideline the fact that no animal originated CoV is thus far identified that is considered similar to the initial edition of SARS-CoV-2; however, under-sampling of the diverse variety of coronaviruses remains a concern. Vaccines are proved to be an effective tool for bringing the end to such a devastating pandemic. Many vaccine platforms are explored for the same but in this review paper, we will discuss the potential of replicating viral vectors as vaccine carriers for SARS-CoV-2.
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Lorenzo-Gómez MF, Foley S, Nickel JC, García-Cenador MB, Padilla-Fernández BY, González-Casado I, Martínez-Huélamo M, Yang B, Blick C, Ferreira F, Caballero R, Saz-Leal P, Casanovas M. Sublingual MV140 for Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections. NEJM EVIDENCE 2022; 1:EVIDoa2100018. [PMID: 38319200 DOI: 10.1056/evidoa2100018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), which consist of three or more episodes in 1 year or two or more infections in 6 months, affect 5% to 10% of women. MV140, a sublingual preparation of whole-cell inactivated bacteria, has shown clinical benefit in observational studies. This trial examined treatment with MV140 to prevent recurrent UTI. METHODS: In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group 1-year trial, 240 women 18 to 75 years of age from Spain and the United Kingdom with recurrent UTI were allocated to receive MV140 for 3 or 6 months or placebo for 6 months in a 1:1:1 ratio. The primary end point was the number of UTIs in the 9-month study period after 3 months of intervention. Key secondary end points were the percentage of women who were UTI free over the above period, time to UTI onset, and health-related quality of life. RESULTS: The median (interquartile range) of UTI episodes was 3.0 (0.5 to 6.0) for placebo compared with 0.0 (0.0 to 1.0) in both groups receiving MV140 (P<0.001). Among women treated with placebo, 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15% to 35%) were free of UTIs compared with 56% (95% CI, 44% to 67%) and 58% (95% CI, 44% to 67%) of women who received 3 and 6 months of MV140 treatment, respectively. A total of 205 AEs in 101 participants were registered (81, 76, and 48 in the placebo, 3-month MV140, and 6-month MV140 groups, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In this controlled trial of modest size and duration, MV140 showed promising clinical efficacy in reducing recurrent UTI in women suffering from this condition. Adverse effects were not clinically limiting. (Funded by Inmunotek S.L. and Syner-Med [Pharmaceutical Products] Ltd.; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02543827.)
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Foley
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - J Curtis Nickel
- Department of Urology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Bob Yang
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Blick
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Paula Saz-Leal
- Medical Department, Inmunotek S.L., Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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14
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Camargo Coronel A, Jiménez Balderas FJ, Quiñones Moya H, Hernández Zavala MR, Mandinabeitia Rodríguez P, Hernández Vázquez JR, Zamora Zarco S, Aguilar Castillo SDJ. Dermatomyositis post vaccine against SARS-COV2. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6:20. [PMID: 35361289 PMCID: PMC8970647 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-022-00250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dermatomyositis belongs to an infrequent group of diseases predominantly found in patients older than 40 years old and is characterized by dermal and muscular findings. This disease presents itself as proximal, ascending and symmetric weakness and typical dermatosis with findings such as elevated muscle enzymes, altered electromyography and typical changes in muscle biopsy; as of today, the etiology of the disease in unknown. The COVID-19 vaccine has been a fundamental tactic to achieve control of the coronavirus (SARS CoV2), and it’s clear that the benefits of getting the vaccine overweight the risks that might come along with it. Although rare, all adverse effects should be reported, this could help us to understand the elusive pathophysiology of inflammatory idiopathic myopathy. Case presentation In this text we will describe the case of a patient with dermatomyositis who was vaccinated against SARS CoV2 with BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech), showing a temporal relation between the vaccination and the beginning of her symptoms. We realized all the diagnostic approach to the suspected disease including electromyography, muscle biopsy and laboratory findings, corroborating the diagnosis. The patient received standard treatment for this disease (steroid therapy) and have a classic slow improvement. Conclusions Although it´s not possible to confirm a direct correlation between the vaccine and the onset of the disease, we considered that there are enough data to suspect that this could be a trigger event and therefore should always be considered a possible cause for a case of inflammatory idiopathic myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandy Zamora Zarco
- Rheumatology Department, "Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI", Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Biswas B, Chattopadhyay S, Hazra S, Hansda AK, Goswami R. COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:377-396. [PMID: 35292834 PMCID: PMC8923340 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mayhem COVID-19 that was ushered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) was declared pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Since its initial outbreak in late 2019, the virus has affected hundreds of million adults in the world and killing millions in the process. After the approval of newly developed vaccines, severe challenges remain to manufacture and administer them to the adult population globally in quick time. However, we have witnessed several mutations of the virus leading to ‘waves’ of viral spread and mortality. WHO has categorized these mutations as variants of concern (VOCs) and variants of interest (VOIs). The mortality due to COVID-19 has also been associated with various comorbidities and improper immune response. This has created further complications in understanding the nature of the SARS-CoV2–host interaction that has fuelled doubts in the efficacy of the approved vaccines. Whether there is requirement of booster dose and whether the impending wave could affect the children are some of the hotly debated topics. Materials and Methods A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar was utilized to understand the nature of Delta variant and how it alters our T-cell responses and cytokine production and neutralizes vaccine-generated antibodies.
Conclusion In this review, we discuss the variants of SARS-CoV2 with specific focus on the Delta variant. We also specifically review the T-cell response against the virus and bring a narrative of various factors that may hold the key to fight against this marauding virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Biswas
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Sayantee Hazra
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Ritobrata Goswami
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
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16
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Wang G, Shao M. The development of China's vaccine industry in the past decade: the perspective from drug regulatory science. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:5666-5672. [PMID: 34856877 PMCID: PMC8903904 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2002640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the batch issued data of Chinese vaccines from 2011 to 2020 showed that the average annual dose of vaccines in China was 769.66 million doses, and the overall production was stable. Fourteen new vaccines were added, six of which were developed in China. The batch issued dose of national immunization program (NIP) vaccine was stable with slightly decreased, while the non-NIP vaccine showed an increasing trend. The development trend of combined vaccine increased significantly. Regulatory science in China’s development, promoted the China’s vaccine regulation the perfection of legal system, and the steady improvement of vaccine quality and standards, and the gradual maturity of the construction of lot release system. With the goal of being safe, effective, reasonable, and accessible, China’s vaccines encourage the research and development of new technologies and emergency vaccines to constantly improve the level of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mingli Shao
- School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.,China Society for Drug Regulation, Beijing, P.R. China
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17
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Bok K, Sitar S, Graham BS, Mascola JR. Accelerated COVID-19 vaccine development: milestones, lessons, and prospects. Immunity 2021; 54:1636-1651. [PMID: 34348117 PMCID: PMC8328682 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective vaccines to combat infectious diseases is a complex multi-year and multi-stakeholder process. To accelerate the development of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel pathogen emerging in late 2019 and spreading globally by early 2020, the United States government (USG) mounted an operation bridging public and private sector expertise and infrastructure. The success of the endeavor can be seen in the rapid advanced development of multiple vaccine candidates, with several demonstrating efficacy and now being administered around the globe. Here, we review the milestones enabling the USG-led effort, the methods utilized, and ensuing outcomes. We discuss the current status of COVID-19 vaccine development and provide a perspective for how partnership and preparedness can be better utilized in response to future public-health pandemic emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Bok
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandra Sitar
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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18
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Yin Q, Zhang Y, Lian L, Qu Y, Wu W, Chen Z, Pei R, Chen T, Sun L, Li C, Li A, Li J, Li D, Wang S, Guan W, Liang M. Chemiluminescence Immunoassay Based Serological Immunoassays for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in COVID-19 Convalescent Patients and Vaccinated Population. Viruses 2021; 13:1508. [PMID: 34452373 PMCID: PMC8402865 DOI: 10.3390/v13081508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of rapid serological detection methods re urgently needed for determination of neutralizing antibodies in sera. In this study, four rapid methods (ACE2-RBD inhibition assay, S1-IgG detection, RBD-IgG detection, and N-IgG detection) were established and evaluated based on chemiluminescence technology. For the first time, a broadly neutralizing antibody with high affinity was used as a standard for the quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralizing antibodies in human sera. Sera from COVID-19 convalescent patients (N = 119), vaccinated donors (N = 86), and healthy donors (N = 299) confirmed by microneutralization test (MNT) were used to evaluate the above methods. The result showed that the ACE2-RBD inhibition assay calculated with either ACE2-RBD binding inhibition percentage rate or ACE2-RBD inhibiting antibody concentration were strongly correlated with MNT (r ≥ 0.78, p < 0.0001) and also highly consistent with MNT (Kappa Value ≥ 0.94, p < 0.01). There was also a strong correlation between the two evaluation indices (r ≥ 0.99, p < 0.0001). Meanwhile, S1-IgG and RBD-IgG quantitative detection were also significantly correlated with MNT (r ≥ 0.73, p < 0.0001), and both methods were highly correlated with each other (r ≥ 0.95, p < 0.0001). However, the concentration of N-IgG antibodies showed a lower correlation with the MNT results (r < 0.49, p < 0.0001). The diagnostic assays presented here could be used for the evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunization effect and serological diagnosis of COVID-19 patients, and could also have guiding significance for establishing other rapid serological methods to surrogate neutralization tests for SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangling Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Yecheng Zhang
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (R.P.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijun Lian
- Innovita Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070, China; (L.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Zhen Chen
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Rongjuan Pei
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Tingyou Chen
- Innovita Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070, China; (L.L.); (T.C.)
| | - Lina Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Chuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Aqian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Jiandong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Dexin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Shiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
- CDC-WIV Joint Research Center for Emerging Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Wuxiang Guan
- Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (R.P.)
- CDC-WIV Joint Research Center for Emerging Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Mifang Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; (Q.Y.); (Y.Q.); (W.W.); (L.S.); (C.L.); (A.L.); (J.L.); (D.L.)
- CDC-WIV Joint Research Center for Emerging Diseases and Biosafety, Wuhan 430071, China
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19
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Hayakawa S, Komine-Aizawa S, Takada K, Kimura T, Yamada H. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategy for pregnant women in Japan. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:1958-1964. [PMID: 33754418 PMCID: PMC8251375 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current COVID‐19 pandemic is a global concern. The recent introduction of vaccines has provided a reason for hope, but new problems, such as vaccine hesitancy, have arisen. One of the most important of these issues is the safety of vaccines for pregnant women. In this article, we collected worldwide indications for vaccination, including women who are pregnant or who wish to become pregnant, and reports of adverse reactions to COVID‐19 vaccination. The Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Japanese Society of Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology have published recommendations for the vaccination of pregnant women with a COVID‐19 vaccine. The guidelines are as follows: (1) pregnant women should not be excluded from vaccination; (2) informed consent should be obtained before vaccination; (3) healthcare workers and pregnant women with complications such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity should be vaccinated preferentially; (4) vaccination should be avoided until 12 weeks of gestation during organogenesis; (5) spouse and family members should be vaccinated actively; and (6) nursing mothers are not particularly affected. This policy has been adopted in government guidelines. Additional efforts should be made to protect pregnant women from infection and severe illness with COVID‐19 by eliminating vaccine hesitancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hayakawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shihoko Komine-Aizawa
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Takada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideto Yamada
- Center for Recurrent Pregnancy Loss, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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