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De Caro F, Malatesta F, Pecoraro N, Capunzo M, Carpinelli L, Caruccio S, Cersosimo G, Costantino M, Giordano C, Longanella W, Patella V, Saggese Tozzi A, Savarese G, Sinopoli P, Vozzella EA, Moccia G. Anti-Herpes Zoster Vaccination of Fragile Patients in Hospital Setting: A Nudge Intervention in Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:442. [PMID: 38675824 PMCID: PMC11054726 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A nudge intervention against Herpes Zoster, created and implemented in Italy, is presented in order to administer the Shingrix vaccine on a sample of frail patients, as required by the National Prevention Plan. Individual and contextual factors associated with vaccine adherence were investigated. METHOD 300 frail adult subjects underwent a full vaccine cycle with recombinant-Shingrix vaccine (RZV vaccine). Hospital Presidia of the Salerno University Hospital Authority, a Hospital Presidium of the Salerno Local Health Authority, and the Public Health Laboratory of the University of Salerno (Campania) participated in the intervention. An ad hoc questionnaire was administered with the following scales: EQ-5D, PSS-10, MSPSS, and representations of HZ and its consequences. RESULTS Some variables, such as peer support, doctor-patient relationship, level of education, and perception of health, are important in vaccine adherence and information processing. The following factors emerged from the factor analysis: Trust in collective knowledge and collective responsibility (F1); beliefs about virus risk and vaccine function (F2); information about virus and symptomatology (F3); and vaccine distrust (F4). Factor 4 correlates negatively with social support indices (R = -0.363; p < 0.001). There is a significant relationship between factor 3 and satisfaction with national information campaigns (F = 3.376; gdl = 5; p-value = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Future vaccination campaigns should be built with the aim of personalizing information and developing contextualized strategies, starting from understanding the stakeholders involved, cultural contexts, and organizational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Caro
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Francesca Malatesta
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Nadia Pecoraro
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Luna Carpinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Simona Caruccio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Giuseppina Cersosimo
- Department of Political and Sociale Studies, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Maria Costantino
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Claudio Giordano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Walter Longanella
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | | | | | - Giulia Savarese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Pio Sinopoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.); (L.C.); (S.C.); (C.G.); (G.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Emilia Anna Vozzella
- Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona”, 84081 Salerno, Italy; (M.C.); (W.L.); (E.A.V.)
| | - Giuseppina Moccia
- Public Health Laboratory for the Analysis of Community Health Needs, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi Campus, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.D.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.)
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Kazemian A, Hoseinzadeh M, Banihashem Rad SA, Jouya A, Tahani B. Nudging oral habits; application of behavioral economics in oral health promotion: a critical review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1243246. [PMID: 38145077 PMCID: PMC10739307 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1243246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health disorders significantly contribute to the global incidence of chronic diseases. Nudge interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing people's decision-making and self-management capacities in a cost-efficient manner. As a result, these interventions could be valuable tools for fostering improved oral care habits. This critical review explores potential behavioral nudges applicable to promoting oral health. Methods A thorough electronic literature search was conducted on Scopus, Embase, and PubMed databases for papers published post-2008. The search focused on empirical evidence concerning the direct and indirect application of Nudge theory in oral health enhancement. In addition, the investigation included the nudge intervention's role in managing common non-communicable disease risk factors (tobacco, alcohol, and sugar) and their use in other health sectors. Results and conclusion There is a dearth of studies on behavioral economics, particularly those involving reward and reminder techniques. However, various successful nudge interventions have been identified in other sectors that aim to improve health decisions. These include strategies encouraging healthier nutritional choices, tobacco and alcohol cessation, medication compliance, routine physical activity, and regular health check-ups. Such interventions can also have direct or indirect positive impacts on oral health. Implementing these interventions within an oral care framework could promote oral health due to similar underlying cognitive mechanisms. However, different types of nudge interventions have varying degrees of effectiveness. Furthermore, factors such as the method of delivery and the characteristics of the targeted population significantly influence the outcome of the intervention. Hence, it is imperative to conduct extensive studies in diverse socioeconomic settings to fully understand the potentials, limitations, and impacts of nudge interventions in promoting oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kazemian
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Melika Hoseinzadeh
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad Dental School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Banihashem Rad
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anahid Jouya
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahareh Tahani
- Department of Oral Public Health, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Tzikas A, Koulierakis G. A systematic review of nudges on hand hygiene against the spread of COVID-19. JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS 2023; 105:102046. [PMID: 37274754 PMCID: PMC10229205 DOI: 10.1016/j.socec.2023.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed the greatest threat to global health over the last three years. Due to the temporary shortage of appropriate vaccines, a systematic change in human behaviour is necessary to keep the spread of the virus under control, increasing the quality of basic hygiene practices, such as systematic hand hygiene. Nudges are increasingly used in public health interventions to promote critical preventive hygiene behaviours. This review aimed to investigate the effect and the characteristics of nudges on hand hygiene, as a COVID-19 preventive measure. We systematically reviewed the relevant literature from January 2008 to November 2020. A total of 15 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings of this review showed that most of the nudging interventions had a positive effect on hand hygiene. Nudges should be included in the existing and future public health interventions to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and future pandemics, rather than being an alternative and unconventional tool for public health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Tzikas
- Department of Public Health Policy, University of West Attica, 196 Alexandras Avenue, 115 21, Athens, Greece
| | - George Koulierakis
- Department of Public Health Policy, University of West Attica, 196 Alexandras Avenue, 115 21, Athens, Greece
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