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Barclay AJ, McKellar ARW, Moazzen-Ahmadi N. Observing the Completion of the First Solvation Shell of Carbon Dioxide in Argon from Rotationally Resolved Spectra. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6311-6315. [PMID: 35792583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Widespread interest in weakly bound molecular clusters of medium size (5-50 molecules) is motivated by their complicated energy landscapes, which lead to hundreds or thousands of distinct isomers. But most studies are theoretical in nature, and there are no experimental results which provide definitive structural information on completion of the first solvation shell. Here we assign rotationally resolved mid-infrared spectra to argon clusters containing a single carbon dioxide molecule, CO2-Ar15 and CO2-Ar17. These mark the completion of the first solvation shell for CO2 in argon. The assignments are confirmed by nuclear spin intensity alternation in the spectra, a marker of highly symmetric structures for these clusters. Precise values are determined for rotational parameters and for shifts of the CO2 vibrational frequency induced by the argon atoms. The spectra indicate possible low-frequency (∼2 cm-1) vibrational modes in these clusters, posing a challenge for future cluster theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Barclay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive North West, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - A R W McKellar
- National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - N Moazzen-Ahmadi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive North West, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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2
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Thaler B, Heim P, Treiber L, Koch M. Ultrafast photoinduced dynamics of single atoms solvated inside helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:014307. [PMID: 31914752 DOI: 10.1063/1.5130145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium nanodroplets can serve as reaction containers for photoinduced time-resolved studies of cold, isolated molecular systems that are otherwise inaccessible. Recently, three different dynamical processes, triggered by photoexcitation of a single atom inside a droplet, were observed in their natural time scale: Expansion of the He solvation shell (He bubble) within 600 fs initiates a collective bubble oscillation with a ∼30 ps oscillation period, followed by dopant ejection after ∼60 ps. Here, we present a systematic investigation of these processes by combining time-resolved photoelectron and photoion spectroscopy with time-dependent He density functional theory simulations. By variation of the photoexcitation energy, we find that the full excess excitation energy, represented by the blue-shifted in-droplet excitation band, is completely transferred to the He environment during the bubble expansion. Surprisingly, we find that variation of the droplet size has only a minor influence on the ejection time, providing insight into the spatial distribution of the ground-state atoms before photoexcitation. Simulated particle trajectories after photoexcitation are in agreement with experimental observations and suggest that the majority of ground-state atoms are located at around 16 Å below the droplet surface. Bubble expansion and oscillation are purely local effects, depending only on the ultimate dopant environment. These solvation-induced dynamics will be superimposed on intramolecular dynamics of molecular systems, and a mechanistic description is fundamental for the interpretation of future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Thaler
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Pascal Heim
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Leonhard Treiber
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Koch
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Experimental Physics, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
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3
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Pickering JD, Shepperson B, Christiansen L, Stapelfeldt H. Femtosecond laser induced Coulomb explosion imaging of aligned OCS oligomers inside helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:154306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5049555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James D. Pickering
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Shepperson
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lars Christiansen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Stapelfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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4
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Powers A, Scribano Y, Lauvergnat D, Mebe E, Benoit DM, Bačić Z. The effect of the condensed-phase environment on the vibrational frequency shift of a hydrogen molecule inside clathrate hydrates. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5024884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Powers
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - Yohann Scribano
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, LUPM-UMR CNRS 5299, 34095 Montpellier Cedex, France
| | - David Lauvergnat
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique UMR CNRS 8000-Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay F-91405, France
| | - Elsy Mebe
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique UMR CNRS 8000-Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay F-91405, France
| | - David M. Benoit
- E.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics & G.W. Gray Centre for Advanced Materials, Chemistry, The University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Zlatko Bačić
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China
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5
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Hernandez FJ, Brice JT, Leavitt CM, Liang T, Raston PL, Pino GA, Douberly GE. Mid-infrared signatures of hydroxyl containing water clusters: Infrared laser Stark spectroscopy of OH–H2O and OH(D2O)n (n = 1-3). J Chem Phys 2015; 143:164304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4933432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federico J. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
- INFIQC, Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Joseph T. Brice
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | | | - Tao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Paul L. Raston
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - Gustavo A. Pino
- INFIQC, Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gary E. Douberly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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6
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Ben Mohamed FE, Slama M, Hammami H, Ben El Hadj Rhouma M, Hochlaf M. Microsolvation of NO+in Arnclusters: A theoretical treatment. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:204309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4921254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dvorak M, Müller M, Bünermann O, Stienkemeier F. Size dependent transition to solid hydrogen and argon clusters probed via spectroscopy of PTCDA embedded in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2015; 140:144301. [PMID: 24735293 DOI: 10.1063/1.4870395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexes made of either Ar(N) or (H2)N clusters (N = 1-170) and a single PTCDA molecule (3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride) are assembled inside helium droplets and spectroscopically studied via laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The frequency shift and line-broadening are analyzed as a function of N and of the pick-up order of the PTCDA and cluster material in order to track liquid or solid properties of the clusters. For argon, the solid phase is observed for N > 10 above which the pick-up order dramatically influences the localization of the chromophore with respect to the Ar cluster. If the droplets are doped first with Ar, the chromophore remains on the surface of a solid cluster whereas for the reversed pick-up order the molecule is surrounded by an argon shell. At N < 10 wetting and the formation of the first solvation shell are observed. For para-hydrogen, a transition to the solid is observed at N ~ 20-25, confirming previous theoretical predictions on the existence of a liquid-like phase at such small sizes, even below the bulk hydrogen freezing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Dvorak
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Müller
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Bünermann
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Stienkemeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Leavitt CM, Moradi CP, Acrey BW, Douberly GE. Infrared laser spectroscopy of the helium-solvated allyl and allyl peroxy radicals. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:234301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4844175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Moradi CP, Morrison AM, Klippenstein SJ, Goldsmith CF, Douberly GE. Propargyl + O2 Reaction in Helium Droplets: Entrance Channel Barrier or Not? J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13626-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jp407652f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P. Moradi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Alexander M. Morrison
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Stephen J. Klippenstein
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - C. Franklin Goldsmith
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gary E. Douberly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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10
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Raston PL, Liang T, Douberly GE. Infrared spectroscopy of HOOO and DOOO in 4He nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:184302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4764298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Miyamoto Y, Ooe H, Kuma S, Kawaguchi K, Nakajima K, Nakano I, Sasao N, Tang J, Taniguchi T, Yoshimura M. Spectroscopy of HF and HF-Containing Clusters in Solid Parahydrogen. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:14254-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp207419m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ooe
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Susumu Kuma
- Research Core for Extreme Quantum World, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kentarou Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kyo Nakajima
- Research Core for Extreme Quantum World, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Itsuo Nakano
- Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Noboru Sasao
- Research Core for Extreme Quantum World, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Jian Tang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- Research Core for Extreme Quantum World, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Motohiko Yoshimura
- Faculty of Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 3-1-1 Kita-ku Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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12
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Liang T, Flynn SD, Morrison AM, Douberly GE. Quantum Cascade Laser Spectroscopy and Photoinduced Chemistry of Al–(CO)n Clusters in Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:7437-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jp203367t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Steven D. Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Alexander M. Morrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Gary E. Douberly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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13
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Douberly GE, Miller RE. Vibrational dynamics of the linear and bent isomers of HF–N2O trapped in 0.4K helium nanodroplets. Chem Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2009.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Coccia E, Bodo E, Gianturco FA. Size-dependent solvation of p-H2 in H4e clusters: A quantum Monte Carlo analysis. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:094906. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3078705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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15
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Roncero O, de Lara-Castells MP, Delgado-Barrio G, Villarreal P, Stoecklin T, Voronin A, Rayez JC. Exact, Born-Oppenheimer, and quantum-chemistry-like calculations in helium clusters doped with light molecules: The He2N2(X) system. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:164313. [PMID: 18447445 DOI: 10.1063/1.2900560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium clusters doped with diatomic molecules, He(N)-BC, have been recently studied by means of a quantum-chemistry-like approach. The model treats He atoms as "electrons" and dopants as "nuclei" in standard electronic structure calculations. Due to the large mass difference between He atoms and electrons, and to the replacement of Coulomb interactions by intermolecular potentials, it is worth assessing up to what extent are the approximations involved in this model, i.e., decoupling of the BC rotation from the He-atom orbital angular momenta and Born-Oppenheimer separation of the BC stretch versus the He motions, accurate enough. These issues have been previously tackled elsewhere for the (4)He(2)-Br(2)(X) system, which contains a heavy dopant [Roncero et al., Int. J. Quantum Chem. 107, 2756 (2007)]. Here, we consider a similar cluster but with a much lighter dopant such as N(2)(X). Although the model does not provide the correct energy levels for the cluster, positions and intensities of the main detectable lines of the vibrotational Raman spectrum at low temperature are accurately reproduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Roncero
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (C.S.I.C.), Serrano 123, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Coccia E, Marinetti F, Bodo E, Gianturco FA. Anionic microsolvation in helium droplets: OH−(He)N structures from classical and quantum calculations. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:134511. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2842082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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17
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Szalewicz K. Interplay between theory and experiment in investigations of molecules embedded in superfluid helium nanodroplets†. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350801933485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Kuma S, Goto H, Slipchenko MN, Vilesov AF, Khramov A, Momose T. Laser induced fluorescence of Mg-phthalocyanine in He droplets: Evidence for fluxionality of large H2 clusters at 0.38K. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:214301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2802303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Nagl J, Hauser AW, Auböck G, Callegari C, Ernst WE. Optical Spectroscopy of Potassium-Doped Argon Clusters. Experiments and Quantum-Chemistry Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:12386-97. [DOI: 10.1021/jp075951e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johann Nagl
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU
| | - Andreas W. Hauser
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU
| | - Gerald Auböck
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU
| | - Carlo Callegari
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU
| | - Wolfgang E. Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria/EU
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20
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Diez-Pardos C, Valdés A, Prosmiti R, Villarreal P, Delgado-Barrio G. Additive intermolecular potentials from ab initio calculations: trends in Rg2–dihalogen van der Waals trimers. Theor Chem Acc 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-007-0368-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Küpper J, Merritt JM. Spectroscopy of free radicals and radical containing entrance-channel complexes in superfluid helium nanodroplets. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350601087664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Merritt JM, Küpper J, Miller RE. A high-resolution infrared spectroscopic investigation of the halogen atom–HCN entrance channel complexes solvated in superfluid helium droplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:401-16. [PMID: 17199157 DOI: 10.1039/b611340k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rotationally resolved infrared spectra are reported for the X-HCN (X = Cl, Br, I) binary complexes solvated in helium nanodroplets. These results are directly compared with those obtained previously for the corresponding X-HF complexes [J. M. Merritt, J. Küpper and R. E. Miller, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2005, 7, 67]. For bromine and iodine atoms complexed with HCN, two linear structures are observed and assigned to the (2)Sigma(1/2) and (2)Pi(3/2) ground electronic states of the nitrogen and hydrogen bound geometries, respectively. Experiments for HCN + chlorine atoms give rise to only a single band which is attributed to the nitrogen bound isomer. That the hydrogen bound isomer is not stabilized is rationalized in terms of a lowering of the isomerization barrier by spin-orbit coupling. Theoretical calculations with and without spin-orbit coupling have also been performed and are compared with our experimental results. The possibility of stabilizing high-energy structures containing multiple radicals is discussed, motivated by preliminary spectroscopic evidence for the di-radical Br-HCCCN-Br complex. Spectra for the corresponding molecular halogen HCN-X(2) complexes are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Merritt
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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Stiles PL, Miller RE. Structures and Bonding Nature of Small Monoligated Copper Clusters (HCN−Cun, n = 1−3) through High-Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy and Theory. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:10225-35. [PMID: 16928112 DOI: 10.1021/jp063187a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structures, C-H stretching frequencies, and dipole moments of HCN-Cun (n = 1-3) clusters are determined through high-resolution infrared spectroscopy. The complexes are formed and probed within superfluid helium droplets, whereby the helium droplet beam is passed over a resistively heated crucible containing copper shot and then through a gas HCN pickup cell. All complexes are found to be bound to the nitrogen end of the HCN molecule and on the "atop site" of the copper cluster. Through the experimental C-H vibrational shifts of HCN-Cun and ab initio calculations, it was found that the HCN-metal interaction changes from a strong van der Waals bond in n = 1 to a partially covalent bond in HCN-Cu3. Comparisons with existing infrared data on copper surfaces show that the HCN-Cun bond must begin to weaken at very large copper cluster sizes, eventually returning to a van der Waals bond in the bulk copper surface case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Stiles
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Valdés A, Prosmiti R, Villarreal P, Delgado-Barrio G. A theoretical study of He2ICl van der Waals cluster. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:014313. [PMID: 16863304 DOI: 10.1063/1.2208614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure, energetics, and dynamics of He2ICl complex in its ground state are studied by means of ab initio electronic structure and quantum-mechanical calculations. Interaction energies for selected He2ICl configurations are calculated at the coupled-cluster [CCSD(T)] level of theory using a large-core pseudopotential for the I atom and the aug-cc-pVTZ and aug-cc-pV5Z basis sets for the Cl and He atoms, respectively. The surface is characterized around its lower five minima and the minimum energy pathways through them. The global minimum of the potential corresponds to a "police-nightstick (1)" configuration, the second one to a linear, the next one to tetrahedral configuration, and the following two to "bifork" and "police-nightstick (2)" structures, with well depths of -99.12, -97.42, -88.32, -85.84, and -78.54 cm(-1), respectively. An analytical form based on the sum of the three-body parametrized HeICl interactions plus the He-He interaction is found to represent very well the tetra-atomic CSSD(T) results. The present potential expression is employed to perform variational five-dimensional quantum-mechanical calculations to study the vibrational bound states of the van der Waals He2ICl complex. Results for total angular momentum J = 0 provide the binding energy D0 and the corresponding vibrationally averaged structure for different isomers of the cluster. Comparison of these results with recent experimental observations further justifies the potential used in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Valdés
- Instituto de Matemáticas y Física Fundamental, CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Hobza P, Zahradník R, Müller-Dethlefs K. The World of Non-Covalent Interactions: 2006. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20060443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The review focusses on the fundamental importance of non-covalent interactions in nature by illustrating specific examples from chemistry, physics and the biosciences. Laser spectroscopic methods and both ab initio and molecular modelling procedures used for the study of non-covalent interactions in molecular clusters are briefly outlined. The role of structure and geometry, stabilization energy, potential and free energy surfaces for molecular clusters is extensively discussed in the light of the most advanced ab initio computational results for the CCSD(T) method, extrapolated to the CBS limit. The most important types of non-covalent complexes are classified and several small and medium size non-covalent systems, including H-bonded and improper H-bonded complexes, nucleic acid base pairs, and peptides and proteins are discussed with some detail. Finally, we evaluate the interpretation of experimental results in comparison with state of the art theoretical models: this is illustrated for phenol...Ar, the benzene dimer and nucleic acid base pairs. A review with 270 references.
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Roger E. Miller: Publications. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350600709243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Choi MY, Douberly GE, Falconer TM, Lewis WK, Lindsay CM, Merritt JM, Stiles PL, Miller RE. Infrared spectroscopy of helium nanodroplets: novel methods for physics and chemistry. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350600625092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Jiang H, Xu M, Hutson JM, Bacić Z. ArnHF van der Waals clusters revisited: II. Energetics and HF vibrational frequency shifts from diffusion Monte Carlo calculations on additive and nonadditive potential-energy surfaces for n=1-12. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:054305. [PMID: 16108637 DOI: 10.1063/1.1991856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ground-state energies and HF vibrational frequency shifts of Ar(n)HF clusters have been calculated on the nonadditive potential-energy surfaces (PESs) for n=2-7 and on the pairwise-additive PESs for the clusters with n=1-12, using the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method. For n>3, the calculations have been performed for the lowest-energy isomer and several higher-lying isomers which are the closest in energy. They provide information about the isomer dependence of the HF redshift, and enable direct comparison with the experimental data recently obtained in helium nanodroplets. The agreement between theory and experiment is excellent, in particular, for the nonadditive DMC redshifts. The relative, incremental redshifts are reproduced accurately even at the lower level of theory, i.e., the DMC and quantum five-dimensional (rigid Ar(n)) calculations on the pairwise-additive PESs. The nonadditive interactions make a significant contribution to the frequency shift, on the order of 10%-12%, and have to be included in the PESs in order for the theory to yield accurate magnitude of the HF redshift. The energy gaps between the DMC ground states of the cluster isomers are very different from the energy separation of their respective minima on the PES, due to the considerable variations in the intermolecular zero-point energy of different Ar(n)HF isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
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Oppenheimer CA, Curotto E. Parameter space minimization methods: Applications to Lennard-Jones–dipole-dipole clusters. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:6226-39. [PMID: 15446915 DOI: 10.1063/1.1786916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphology of the uniform Lennard-Jones-dipole-dipole cluster with 13 centers (LJDD)13 is investigated over a relatively wide range of values of the dipole moment. We introduce and compare several necessary modifications of the basin-hopping algorithm for global optimization to improve its efficiency. We develop a general algorithm for T=0 Brownian dynamics in curved spaces, and a graph theoretical approach necessary for the elimination of dissociated states. We find that the (LJDD)13 cluster has icosahedral symmetry for small to moderate values of the dipole moment. As the dipole moment increases, however, its morphology shifts to an hexagonal antiprism, and eventually to a ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Oppenheimer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038-3295, USA
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Stiles PL, Moore DT, Miller RE. Structures of HCN-Mgn (n=2–6) complexes from rotationally resolved vibrational spectroscopy andab initiotheory. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:3130-42. [PMID: 15291623 DOI: 10.1063/1.1768932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution infrared laser spectroscopy has been used to determine the structures of HCN-Mgn complexes formed in helium nanodroplets. The magnesium atoms are first added to the droplets to ensure that the magnesium complexes are preformed before the HCN molecule is added. The vibrational frequencies, structures, and dipole moments of these complexes are found to vary dramatically with cluster size, illustrating the nonadditive nature of the HCN-magnesium interactions. All of the complexes discussed here have the nitrogen end of the HCN pointing towards the magnesium clusters. For Mg3, the HCN binds to the "threefold" site, yielding a symmetric top spectrum. Although the HCN-Mg4 complex also has C3v symmetry, the HCN sits "on-top" of a single magnesium atom. These structures are confirmed by both ab initio calculations and measurements of the dipole moments. Significant charge transfer is observed in the case of HCN-Mg4, indicative of charge donation from the lone pair on the nitrogen of HCN into the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the Mg4.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Stiles
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599, USA
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Merritt JM, Douberly GE, Miller RE. Infrared–infrared double resonance spectroscopy of cyanoacetylene in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:1309-16. [PMID: 15260673 DOI: 10.1063/1.1763147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared-infrared double resonance spectroscopy is used as a probe of the vibrational dynamics of cyanoacetylene in helium droplets. The nu1 C-H stretching vibration of cyanoacetylene is excited by an infrared laser and subsequent vibrational relaxation results in the evaporation of approximately 660 helium atoms from the droplet. A second probe laser is then used to excite the same C-H stretching vibration downstream of the pump, corresponding to a time delay of approximately 175 micros. The hole burned by the pump laser is narrower than the single resonance spectrum, owing to the fact that the latter is inhomogeneously broadened by the droplet size distribution. The line width of the hole is characteristic of another broadening source that depends strongly on droplet size.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Merritt
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Carçabal P, Schmied R, Lehmann KK, Scoles G. Helium nanodroplet isolation spectroscopy of perylene and its complexes with oxygen. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:6792-3. [PMID: 15267574 DOI: 10.1063/1.1667462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Moore DT, Miller RE. Rotationally Resolved Infrared Laser Spectroscopy of (H2)n-HF and (D2)n-HF (n = 2−6) in Helium Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0310403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David T. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Roger E. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Russo MF, Curotto E. Stereographic projections path integral for inertia ellipsoids: Applications to Arn–HF clusters. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:2110-21. [PMID: 15268349 DOI: 10.1063/1.1636694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The DeWitt formula for inertia ellipsoids mapped by stereographic projection coordinates is developed. We discover that by remapping the quaternion parameter space with stereographic projections, considerable simplification of the differential geometry for the inertia ellipsoid with spherical symmetry takes place. The metric tensor is diagonal and contains only one independent element in that case. We find no difficulties testing and implementing the DeWitt formula for the inertia ellipsoids of asymmetric tops mapped by stereographic projections. The path integral algorithm for the treatment of Rm x S2 manifolds based on a mixture of Cartesian and stereographic projection coordinates is tested for small Arn-HF clusters in the n = 2 to n = 5 range. In particular, we determine the quantum effects of the red shift and the isomerization patterns at finite temperatures. Our findings are consistent with previously reported computations and experimental data for small Arn-HF clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Russo
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Arcadia University, Glenside, Pennsylvania 19038, USA
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Moore DT, Miller RE. Solvation of HF by Molecular Hydrogen: Helium Nanodroplet Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0306343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. T. Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - R. E. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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Moore DT, Miller RE. Size-dependent dynamics of a quantum solvent: Laser spectroscopy of HCN–(HD)n grown in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1590639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Russo MF, Curotto E. Stereographic projections path integral in S1 and (S2)m manifolds. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1560936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Skone JH, Curotto E. Canonical parallel tempering simulations of Arn–HF clusters (n=1→12): Thermodynamic properties and the redshift as a function of temperature. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1503305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Xu M, Bačić Z, Hutson JM. Clusters containing open-shell molecules. III. Quantum five-dimensional/two-surface bound-state calculations on ArnOH van der Waals clusters (X2Π, n=4 to 12). J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1497967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Xu M, Bačić Z, Hutson JM. Clusters containing open-shell molecules. II. Equilibrium structures of ArnOH Van der Waals clusters (X2Π, n=1 to 15). J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1497966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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Nauta K, Miller RE. The rotational dynamics of N2–HF and OC–HF in helium nanodroplets. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1489900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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45
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Callegari C, Lehmann KK, Schmied R, Scoles G. Helium nanodroplet isolation rovibrational spectroscopy: Methods and recent results. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1418746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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