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van Stokkum IHM, Weißenborn J, Weigand S, Snellenburg JJ. Pyglotaran: a lego-like Python framework for global and target analysis of time-resolved spectra. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2413-2431. [PMID: 37523126 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of molecular systems can be studied with time-resolved spectroscopy combined with model-based analysis. A Python framework for global and target analysis of time-resolved spectra is introduced with the help of three case studies. The first study, concerning broadband absorption of intersystem crossing in 4-thiothymidine, demonstrates the framework's ability to resolve vibrational wavepackets with a time resolution of ≈10 fs using damped oscillations and their associated spectra and phases. Thereby, a parametric description of the "coherent artifact" is crucial. The second study addresses multichromophoric systems composed of two perylene bisimide chromophores. Here, pyglotaran's guidance spectra and lego-like model composition enable the integration of spectral and kinetic properties of the parent chromophores, revealing a loss process, the undesired production of a radical pair, that reduces the light harvesting efficiency. In the third, time-resolved emission case study of whole photosynthetic cells, a megacomplex containing ≈500 chromophores of five different types is described by a combination of the kinetic models for its elements. As direct fitting of the data by theoretical simulation is unfeasible, our global and target analysis methodology provides a useful 'middle ground' where the theoretical description and the fit of the experimental data can meet. The pyglotaran framework enables the lego-like creation of kinetic models through its modular design and seamless integration with the rich Python ecosystem, particularly Jupyter notebooks. With extensive documentation and a robust validation framework, pyglotaran ensures accessibility and reliability for researchers, serving as an invaluable tool for understanding complex molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo H M van Stokkum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jörn Weißenborn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Weigand
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institut für Festkörperphysik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstr. 36, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joris J Snellenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Schwinger DP, Peschel MT, Rigotti T, Kabaciński P, Knoll T, Thyrhaug E, Cerullo G, Hauer J, de Vivie-Riedle R, Bach T. Photoinduced B-Cl Bond Fission in Aldehyde-BCl 3 Complexes as a Mechanistic Scenario for C-H Bond Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18927-18937. [PMID: 36205547 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In concert with carbonyl compounds, Lewis acids have been identified as a versatile class of photocatalysts. Thus far, research has focused on activation of the substrate, either by changing its photophysical properties or by modifying its photochemistry. In this work, we expand the established mode of action by demonstrating that UV photoexcitation of a Lewis acid-base complex can lead to homolytic cleavage of a covalent bond in the Lewis acid. In a study on the complex of benzaldehyde and the Lewis acid BCl3, we found evidence for homolytic B-Cl bond cleavage leading to formation of a borylated ketyl radical and a free chlorine atom only hundreds of femtoseconds after excitation. Both time-dependent density functional theory and transient absorption experiments identify a benzaldehyde-BCl2 cation as the dominant species formed on the nanosecond time scale. The experimentally validated B-Cl bond homolysis was synthetically exploited for a BCl3-mediated hydroalkylation reaction of aromatic aldehydes (19 examples, 42-76% yield). It was found that hydrocarbons undergo addition to the C═O double bond via a radical pathway. The photogenerated chlorine radical abstracts a hydrogen atom from the alkane, and the resulting carbon-centered radical either recombines with the borylated ketyl radical or adds to the ground-state aldehyde-BCl3 complex, releasing a chlorine atom. The existence of a radical chain was corroborated by quantum yield measurements and by theory. The photolytic mechanism described here is based on electron transfer between a bound chlorine and an aromatic π-system on the substrate. Thereby, it avoids the use of redox-active transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Schwinger
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin T Peschel
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Thomas Rigotti
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Piotr Kabaciński
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Thomas Knoll
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Erling Thyrhaug
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Regina de Vivie-Riedle
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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3
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Nazarov AE, Ivanov AI, Rosspeintner A, Angulo G. Full relaxation dynamics recovery from ultrafast fluorescence experiments by means of the stochastic model: Does the solvent response dynamics depend on the fluorophore nature? J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Jin SM, Yang I, Kim HM. Photodissociation of acetone revisited: Femtosecond transient absorption of
S
1
state and highly excited Rydberg state in the gas phase. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Jin
- Fusion Biotechnology Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Ilseung Yang
- Fusion Biotechnology Research Center Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Min Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kookmin University Seoul Republic of Korea
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5
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Dhamija S, Bhutani G, Jayachandran A, De AK. A Revisit on Impulsive Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy: Importance of Spectral Dispersion of Chirped Broadband Probe. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1019-1032. [PMID: 35142494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of a chirped broadband probe and spectral dispersion to obtain Raman spectra under nonresonant/resonant impulsive excitation is revisited. A general methodology is presented that inherently takes care of phasing the time-domain low-frequency oscillations without probe pulse compression and retrieves the absolute phase of the oscillations. As test beds, neat solvents (CCl4, CHCl3, and CH2Cl2) are used. Observation of periodic intensity modulation along detection wavelengths for particular modes is explained using a simple electric field interaction picture. This method is extended to diatomic molecule (iodine) and polyatomic molecules (Nile blue and methylene blue) to assign vibrational frequencies in ground/excited electronic state that are supported by density functional theory calculations. A comparison between frequency-domain and time-domain counterparts, i.e., stimulated Raman scattering and impulsive stimulated Raman scattering using degenerate pump-probe pairs is presented, and most importantly, it is shown how impulsive stimulated Raman scattering using chirped broadband probe retains unique advantages offered by both.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaina Dhamija
- Condensed Phase Dynamics Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Garima Bhutani
- Condensed Phase Dynamics Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Ajay Jayachandran
- Condensed Phase Dynamics Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Arijit K De
- Condensed Phase Dynamics Group, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab 140306, India
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6
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van Stokkum IHM, Kloz M, Polli D, Viola D, Weißenborn J, Peerbooms E, Cerullo G, Kennis JTM. Vibronic dynamics resolved by global and target analysis of ultrafast transient absorption spectra. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:114113. [PMID: 34551543 DOI: 10.1063/5.0060672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a methodology that provides a complete parametric description of the time evolution of the electronically and vibrationally excited states as detected by ultrafast transient absorption (TA). Differently from previous approaches, which started fitting the data after ≈100 fs, no data are left out in our methodology, and the "coherent artifact" and the instrument response function are fully taken into account. In case studies, the method is applied to solvents, the dye Nile blue, and all-trans β-carotene in cyclohexane solution. The estimated Damped Oscillation Associated Spectra (DOAS) and phases express the most important vibrational frequencies present in the molecular system. By global fit alone of the experimental data, it is difficult to interpret in detail the underlying dynamics. Since it is unfeasible to directly fit the data by a theoretical simulation, our enhanced DOAS methodology thus provides a useful "middle ground" where the theoretical description and the fit of the experimental data can meet. β-carotene in cyclohexane was complementarily studied with femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS). The fs-ps dynamics of β-carotene in cyclohexane in TA and FSRS experiments can be described by a sequential scheme S2 → hot S1 → S1' → S1 → S0 with lifetimes of 167 fs (fixed), 0.35, 1.1, and 9.6 ps. The correspondence of DOAS decaying concomitantly with hot S1 and the Species Associated Difference Spectra of hot S1 in TA and FSRS suggest that we observe here features of the vibrational relaxation and nuclear reorganization responsible for the hot S1 to S1 transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo H M van Stokkum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Miroslav Kloz
- Institute of Physics, ELI Beamlines, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ-18221 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dario Polli
- IFN-CNR, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Viola
- IFN-CNR, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Jörn Weißenborn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ebo Peerbooms
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- IFN-CNR, Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - John T M Kennis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Nazarov AE, Ivanov AI. Effect of the transition rate between two excited states on the spectral dynamics of dual fluorescence: Blurring of the isoemissive point. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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van Stokkum IHM, Jumper CC, Lee TS, Myahkostupov M, Castellano FN, Scholes GD. Vibronic and excitonic dynamics in perylenediimide dimers and tetramer. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:224101. [PMID: 33317279 DOI: 10.1063/5.0024530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad-band pump-probe spectroscopy combined with global and target analysis is employed to study the vibronic and excitonic dynamics of two dimers and a tetramer of perylenediimides. A simultaneous analysis is developed for two systems that have been measured in the same conditions. This enhances the resolvability of the vibronic and excitonic dynamics of the systems, and the solvent contributions that are common in the experiments. We resolve two oscillations of 1399 cm-1 or 311 cm-1 damped with ≈30/ps involved in vibrational relaxation and two more oscillations of 537 cm-1 or 136 cm-1 damped with ≈3/ps. A relaxation process with a rate of 2.1/ps-3.2/ps that is positively correlated with the excitonic coupling was discovered in all three model systems, attributed to annihilation of the one but lowest exciton state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo H M van Stokkum
- Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chanelle C Jumper
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Tia S Lee
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
| | - Mykhaylo Myahkostupov
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA
| | - Gregory D Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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9
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Fedunov RG, Yermolenko IP, Nazarov AE, Ivanov AI, Rosspeintner A, Angulo G. Theory of fluorescence spectrum dynamics and its application to determining the relaxation characteristics of the solvent and intramolecular vibrations. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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10
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Nguyen TS, Koh JH, Lefelhocz S, Parkhill J. Black-Box, Real-Time Simulations of Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:1590-1595. [PMID: 27064028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We introduce an atomistic, all-electron, black-box electronic structure code to simulate transient absorption (TA) spectra and apply it to simulate pyrazole and a GFP-chromophore derivative. The method is an application of OSCF2, our dissipative extension of time-dependent density functional theory. We compare our simulated spectra directly with recent ultrafast spectroscopic experiments. We identify features in the TA spectra to Pauli-blocking, which may be missed without a first-principles model. An important ingredient in this method is the stationary-TDDFT correction scheme recently put forward by Fischer, Govind, and Cramer that allows us to overcome a limitation of adiabatic TDDFT. We demonstrate that OSCF2 is able to reproduce the energies of bleaches and induced absorptions as well as the decay of the transient spectrum with only the molecular structure as input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triet S Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Joong Hoon Koh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Susan Lefelhocz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - John Parkhill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Notre Dame , 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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11
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Dong S, Trivedi D, Chakrabortty S, Kobayashi T, Chan Y, Prezhdo OV, Loh ZH. Observation of an Excitonic Quantum Coherence in CdSe Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:6875-82. [PMID: 26359970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent observations of excitonic coherences within photosynthetic complexes suggest that quantum coherences could enhance biological light harvesting efficiencies. Here, we employ optical pump-probe spectroscopy with few-femtosecond pulses to observe an excitonic quantum coherence in CdSe nanocrystals, a prototypical artificial light harvesting system. This coherence, which encodes the high-speed migration of charge over nanometer length scales, is also found to markedly alter the displacement amplitudes of phonons, signaling dynamics in the non-Born-Oppenheimer regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Dong
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, and Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Dhara Trivedi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Sabyasachi Chakrabortty
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Takayoshi Kobayashi
- Advanced Ultrafast Laser Research Center, The University of Electro-Communications , 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
- JST, CREST, K'Gobancho , 7 Gobancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
- Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao-Tung University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University , 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan
| | - Yinthai Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering, A*STAR , 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Zhi-Heng Loh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, and Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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12
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Liebel M, Schnedermann C, Wende T, Kukura P. Principles and Applications of Broadband Impulsive Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:9506-17. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b05948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Liebel
- Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QZ Oxford, U.K
| | - C. Schnedermann
- Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QZ Oxford, U.K
| | - T. Wende
- Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QZ Oxford, U.K
| | - P. Kukura
- Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3QZ Oxford, U.K
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13
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Nie Z, Long R, Sun L, Huang CC, Zhang J, Xiong Q, Hewak DW, Shen Z, Prezhdo OV, Loh ZH. Ultrafast carrier thermalization and cooling dynamics in few-layer MoS2. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10931-40. [PMID: 25268655 DOI: 10.1021/nn504760x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond optical pump-probe spectroscopy with 10 fs visible pulses is employed to elucidate the ultrafast carrier dynamics of few-layer MoS2. A nonthermal carrier distribution is observed immediately following the photoexcitation of the A and B excitonic transitions by the ultrashort, broadband laser pulse. Carrier thermalization occurs within 20 fs and proceeds via both carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon scattering, as evidenced by the observed dependence of the thermalization time on the carrier density and the sample temperature. The n(-0.37 ± 0.03) scaling of the thermalization time with carrier density suggests that equilibration of the nonthermal carrier distribution occurs via non-Markovian quantum kinetics. Subsequent cooling of the hot Fermi-Dirac carrier distribution occurs on the ∼ 0.6 ps time scale via carrier-phonon scattering. Temperature- and fluence-dependence studies reveal the involvement of hot phonons in the carrier cooling process. Nonadiabatic ab initio molecular dynamics simulations, which predict carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon scattering time scales of 40 fs and 0.5 ps, respectively, lend support to the assignment of the observed carrier dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaogang Nie
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637371, Singapore
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14
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Nadtochenko VA, Levin PP, Zaichenko NL, Gostev FE, Shelaev IV, Shienok AI, Kol’tsova LS, Sarkisov OM, Berlin AA. Spectral and kinetic parameters of transient species in the photolysis of naphthylmethylideneiminospironaphthopyran by excitation at different wavelengths: Nano- and femtosecond laser photolysis. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0018143913030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Röttger K, Schwalb NK, Temps F. Electronic Deactivation of Guanosine in Extended Hydrogen-Bonded Self-Assemblies. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:2469-78. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3095193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Röttger
- Institut für
Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr.
40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Nina K. Schwalb
- Institut für
Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr.
40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Friedrich Temps
- Institut für
Physikalische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstr.
40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
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16
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Renth F, Siewertsen R, Temps F. Enhanced photoswitching and ultrafast dynamics in structurally modified photochromic fulgides. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2012.729331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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18
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Wang Y, Kobayashi T. Electronic and Vibrational Coherence Dynamics in a Cyanine Dye Studied Using a Few-Cycle Pulsed Laser. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:889-96. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Dallmann A, Pfaffe M, Mügge C, Mahrwald R, Kovalenko SA, Ernsting NP. Local THz Time Domain Spectroscopy of Duplex DNA via Fluorescence of an Embedded Probe. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:15619-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jp906037g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- André Dallmann
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Pfaffe
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Clemens Mügge
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Mahrwald
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany
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20
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Dobryakov AL, Ernsting NP. Lineshapes for resonant impulsive stimulated Raman scattering with chirped pump and supercontinuum probe pulses. J Chem Phys 2009; 129:184504. [PMID: 19045411 DOI: 10.1063/1.3009221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular vibrational coherence from impulsive stimulated Raman (SR) scattering, as observed by broadband transient absorption spectroscopy, is treated within the well-known third-order perturbation formalism. Shaped femtosecond optical pulses are used for the pump and supercontinuum probe fields. Dephasing is assumed to be homogeneous in the Bloch approximation. A key step requires threefold time integration over response functions and electric fields. For well-separated pulses the triple integral can be solved analytically, resulting in lineshape functions. These allow to describe the SR signal through absorption/emission/dispersion profiles which are associated with the inherent contributions. A clear physical interpretation of the amplitude and phase of the oscillatory signal is thereby obtained, and a direct connection with the vibronic structure of the molecular system is provided. Calculations for model molecular systems illustrate the spectral dependence of the vibrational coherence seen, for example, with perylene in cyclohexane. The nonoscillatory and oscillatory parts of the transient absorption spectra are compared to each other. Observed mode beatings are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Dobryakov
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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21
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Polli D, Antognazza M, Brida D, Lanzani G, Cerullo G, De Silvestri S. Broadband pump-probe spectroscopy with sub-10-fs resolution for probing ultrafast internal conversion and coherent phonons in carotenoids. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Brüggemann B, Persson P, Meyer HD, May V. Frequency dispersed transient absorption spectra of dissolved perylene: A case study using the density matrix version of the MCTDH method. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dobryakov A, Pérez Lustres J, Kovalenko S, Ernsting N. Femtosecond transient absorption with chirped pump and supercontinuum probe: Perturbative calculation of transient spectra with general lineshape functions, and simplifications. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2007.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Karunakaran V, Pfaffe M, Ioffe I, Senyushkina T, Kovalenko SA, Mahrwald R, Fartzdinov V, Sklenar H, Ernsting NP. Solvation oscillations and excited-state dynamics of 2-amino- and 2-hydroxy-7-nitrofluorene and its 2'-deoxyriboside. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:4294-307. [PMID: 18386856 DOI: 10.1021/jp712176m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Push-pull substituted fluorenes are considered for use as dynamic solvation probes in polynucleotides. Their fluorescence band is predicted (by simulations) to show weak spectral oscillations on the subpicosecond time scale depending on the nucleotide sequence. The oscillations reflect the local far-infrared spectrum of the environment around the probe molecule. A connection is provided by the continuum theory of polar solvation which, however, neglects molecular aspects. We examine the latter using acetonitrile solution as a test case. A collective librational solvent mode at 100 cm(-1) is observed with 2-amino-7-nitrofluorene, 2-dimethylamino-7-nitrofluorene, 2-hydroxy-7-nitrofluorene, and its 2'-deoxyriboside. Different strengths of the oscillation indicate that rotational friction of nearby acetonitrile molecules depends on the solute structure or that H bonding is involved in launching the librational coherence. Polar solvation in methanol is used for comparison. With hydroxynitrofluorenes, the observation window is limited by intersystem crossing for which rates are reported. A prominent excited-state absorption band of nitrofluorenes at 430 nm can be used to monitor polar solvation. Structural and electronic relaxation pathways are discussed with the help of quantum chemical calculations.
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Karunakaran V, Senyushkina T, Saroja G, Liebscher J, Ernsting NP. 2-Amino-7-nitro-fluorenes in Neat and Mixed SolventsOptical Band Shapes and Solvatochromism. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:10944-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp073844e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Karunakaran
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tamara Senyushkina
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ginagunta Saroja
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Liebscher
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus P. Ernsting
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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Polli D, Lüer L, Cerullo G. High-time-resolution pump-probe system with broadband detection for the study of time-domain vibrational dynamics. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:103108. [PMID: 17979407 DOI: 10.1063/1.2800778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present an ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy system in the visible combining high-sensitivity broadband detection with extreme temporal resolution. The instrument is based on an ultrabroadband sub-10 fs optical parametric amplifier coupled to an optical multichannel analyzer with fast electronics, enabling single-shot detection at 1 kHz repetition rate. For a given pump-probe delay tau, we achieve a differential transmission (DeltaTT) sensitivity of the order of 10(-4) over the lambda(pr)=490-720 nm probe wavelength range by averaging over 1000 shots, allowing the acquisition of complete two-dimensional DeltaTT (lambda(pr),Tau) maps within a few minute measurement time. We present application examples highlighting the capability of this instrument to observe ultrafast dynamical processes, follow impulsively excited vibrational motions with frequency as high as 3000 cm(-1) (11 fs period), and determine the probe wavelength dependence of amplitude and phase of the oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Polli
- National Laboratory for Ultrafast and Ultraintense Optical Science-CNR-INFM, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, P.za L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Pérez Lustres JL, Dobryakov AL, Holzwarth A, Veiga M. S2→S1 Internal Conversion in β-Carotene: Strong Vibronic Coupling from Amplitude Oscillations of Transient Absorption Bands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:3758-61. [PMID: 17410627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Luis Pérez Lustres
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook Taylor Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Pérez Lustres J, Dobryakov A, Holzwarth A, Veiga M. Interne S2→S1-Konversion in β-Carotin: starke vibronische Kopplung aus der Amplitudenoszillation transienter Absorptionsbanden. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Gühr M, Bargheer M, Fushitani M, Kiljunen T, Schwentner N. Ultrafast dynamics of halogens in rare gas solids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:779-801. [PMID: 17287873 DOI: 10.1039/b609058n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We perform time resolved pump-probe spectroscopy on small halogen molecules ClF, Cl2, Br2, and I2 embedded in rare gas solids (RGS). We find that dissociation, angular depolarization, and the decoherence of the molecule is strongly influenced by the cage structure. The well ordered crystalline environment facilitates the modelling of the experimental angular distribution of the molecular axis after the collision with the rare gas cage. The observation of many subsequent vibrational wave packet oscillations allows the construction of anharmonic potentials and indicate a long vibrational coherence time. We control the vibrational wave packet revivals, thereby gaining information about the vibrational decoherence. The coherence times are remarkable larger when compared to the liquid or high pressure gas phase. This fact is attributed to the highly symmetric molecular environment of the RGS. The decoherence and energy relaxation data agree well with a perturbative model for moderate vibrational excitation and follow a classical model in the strong excitation limit. Furthermore, a wave packet interferometry scheme is applied to deduce electronic coherence times. The positions of those cage atoms, excited by the molecular electronic transitions are modulated by long living coherent phonons of the RGS, which we can probe via the molecular charge transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gühr
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Ernstorfer R, Gundlach L, Felber S, Storck W, Eichberger R, Willig F. Role of Molecular Anchor Groups in Molecule-to-Semiconductor Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:25383-91. [PMID: 17165985 DOI: 10.1021/jp064436y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of heterogeneous electron transfer (ET) from the polycyclic aromatic chromophore perylene to nanostructured TiO2 anatase was investigated for two different anchor groups with transient absorption spectroscopy in an ultrahigh vacuum. Data from ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy and from linear absorption spectroscopy showed that the donor state of the chromophore was located around 900 meV above the lower edge of the conduction band. With the wide band limit fulfilled the rate of the heterogeneous ET reaction was only controlled by the strength of the electronic coupling and not reduced by Franck-Condon factors. Two different time constants for the electron transfer, i.e., 13 and 28 fs, were measured with carboxylic acid and phosphonic acid as the respective anchor groups. The difference in the ET time constants was explained with the different extension of the donor orbital onto the respective anchor group to reach the empty electronic states of the semiconductor. The time constants were extracted by means of a simple rate equation model. The validity of applying this model on this ultrafast time scale was verified by comparing the rate equation model with an optical Bloch equation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Ernstorfer
- Dynamics of Interfacial Reactions SE 4, Hahn-Meitner-Institut, Glienicker Strasse 100, D-14109 Berlin, Germany.
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31
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Kovalenko SA, Dobryakov AL, Farztdinov V. Detecting electronic coherence in excited-state electron transfer in fluorinated benzenes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2006; 96:068301. [PMID: 16606053 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.068301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) in heavily fluorinated benzenes in solution has been studied with broadband transient absorption spectroscopy. Spectrally resolved kinetics exhibit oscillations with amplitude up to 70% of the signal. The oscillation frequency is specific for each probe; in addition, for pentafluorobenzene it markedly depends on solvent, being 86 cm(-1) in hexane and 94 cm(-1) in acetonitrile. We argue that the observed behavior is not related to vibrational coherences, but originate from coherent electronic motion between an optically excited and an ET state.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Brook-Taylor Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
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32
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Dobryakov AL, Kovalenko SA, Ernsting NP. Coherent and sequential contributions to femtosecond transient absorption spectra of a rhodamine dye in solution. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:044502. [PMID: 16095364 DOI: 10.1063/1.1948383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A unified description is presented of sequential and coherent contributions to optical transient absorption measured by femtosecond pump-supercontinuum probe spectroscopy. All inherent transient terms are taken into account. The "coherence spike" seen during pump-probe overlap is thereby decomposed into its components. The method is demonstrated with rhodamine 110 in methanol. Pure homogeneous dephasing times are obtained from a simultaneous fit of all pertinent measurements. Vibronic structure in the coherence spectrum is assigned to stimulated Raman scattering between vibrational levels in the first excited electronic state. The time-zero spectrum for stimulated emission and the solvation relaxation function are also obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Dobryakov
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
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Gelin MF, Egorova D, Pisliakov AV, Domcke W. Transient Phenomena in Time- and Frequency-Gated Spontaneous Emission. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:3587-97. [PMID: 16839025 DOI: 10.1021/jp044463t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of overlapping pump and gate pulses on time- and frequency-gated spontaneous emission spectra is explored for a model of material dynamics that accounts for strong nonadiabatic and electron-vibrational coupling effects, vibrational relaxation, and optical dephasing, thus representing characteristic features of photoinduced excited-state dynamics in large molecules in the gas phase or in condensed phases. The behaviors of the sequential, coherent, and doorway-window contributions to the spontaneous emission spectrum are studied separately. The interrelation between the sequential and coherent contributions is demonstrated to be sensitive to the carrier frequencies of the pump and gate pulses and also to the optical dephasing rate, opening the possibility of an experimental determination of the latter. The coherent contribution is shown to dominate the spectrum at specific emission frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich D-85747 Garching, Germany
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35
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Menšı́k M, Nešpůrek S. Vibrational coherence in excited state decay: the role of the type of electron-vibrational interactions. Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Gelin M, Egorova D, Pisliakov A, Domcke W. Unified description of sequential and coherent contributions to time-resolved spontaneous emission signals: generalized doorway–window approach. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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37
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Kovalenko SA, Pérez Lustres JL, Ernsting NP, Rettig W. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Bianthryl and Cyanobianthryl in Solution: The Case for a High-Frequency Intramolecular Reaction Coordinate. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp026802t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J. L. Pérez Lustres
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - N. P. Ernsting
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - W. Rettig
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt University, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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