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Perrero J, Vitorino J, Congiu E, Ugliengo P, Rimola A, Dulieu F. Binding energies of ethanol and ethylamine on interstellar water ices: synergy between theory and experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:18205-18222. [PMID: 38904093 PMCID: PMC11221575 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01934b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Experimental and computational chemistry are two disciplines used to conduct research in astrochemistry, providing essential reference data for both astronomical observations and modeling. These approaches not only mutually support each other, but also serve as complementary tools to overcome their respective limitations. Leveraging on such synergy, we characterized the binding energies (BEs) of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) and ethylamine (CH3CH2NH2), two interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs), on crystalline and amorphous water ices through density functional theory (DFT) calculations and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) experiments. Experimentally, CH3CH2OH and CH3CH2NH2 behave similarly, in which desorption temperatures are higher on the water ices than on a bare gold surface. Computed cohesive energies of pure ethanol and ethylamine bulk structures allow describing of the BEs of the pure species deposited on the gold surface, as extracted from the TPD curve analyses. The BEs of submonolayer coverages of CH3CH2OH and CH3CH2NH2 on the water ices cannot be directly extracted from TPD due to their co-desorption with water, but they are computed through DFT calculations, and found to be greater than the cohesive energy of water. The behaviour of CH3CH2OH and CH3CH2NH2 is different when depositing adsorbate multilayers on the amorphous ice, in that, according to their computed cohesive energies, ethylamine layers present weaker interactions compared to ethanol and water. Finally, from the computed BEs of ethanol, ethylamine and water, we can infer that the snow-lines of these three species in protoplanetary disks will be situated at different distances from the central star. It appears that a fraction of ethanol and ethylamine is already frozen on the grains in the water snow-lines, causing their incorporation in water-rich planetesimals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Perrero
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Julie Vitorino
- CY Cergy Paris Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LERMA, F-95000 Cergy, France.
| | - Emanuele Congiu
- CY Cergy Paris Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LERMA, F-95000 Cergy, France.
| | - Piero Ugliengo
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy.
| | - Albert Rimola
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - François Dulieu
- CY Cergy Paris Université, Observatoire de Paris, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LERMA, F-95000 Cergy, France.
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2
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Goodenough I, Boyanich MC, McDonnell RP, Castellana L, Datta Devulapalli VS, Luo TY, Das P, Richard M, Rosi NL, Borguet E. Reversible solvent interactions with UiO-67 metal-organic frameworks. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:044711. [PMID: 38294314 DOI: 10.1063/5.0180924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The utility of UiO-67 Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for practical applications requires a comprehensive understanding of intermolecular host-guest MOF-analyte interactions. To investigate intermolecular interactions between UiO-67 MOFs and complex molecules, it is useful to evaluate the interactions with simple polar and non-polar analytes. This problem is approached by investigating the interactions of polar (acetone and isopropanol) and non-polar (n-heptane) molecules with functionalized UiO-67 MOFs via temperature programmed desorption mass spectrometry and temperature programmed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. We find that isopropanol, acetone, and n-heptane bind reversibly and non-destructively to UiO-67 MOFs, where MOF and analyte functionality influence relative binding strengths (n-heptane ≈ isopropanol > acetone). During heating, all three analytes diffuse into the internal pore environment and directly interact with the μ3-OH groups located within the tetrahedral pores, evidenced by the IR response of ν(μ3-OH). We observe nonlinear changes in the infrared cross sections of the ν(CH) modes of acetone, isopropanol, and n-heptane following diffusion into UiO-67. Similarly, acetone's ν(C=O) infrared cross section increases dramatically when diffused into UiO-67. Ultimately, this in situ investigation provides insights into how individual molecular functional groups interact with UiO MOFs and enables a foundation where MOF interactions with complex molecular systems can be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Goodenough
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Mikaela C Boyanich
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Ryan P McDonnell
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Lauren Castellana
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - Tian-Yi Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Mélissandre Richard
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Rosi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA
| | - Eric Borguet
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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3
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Koshida H, Wilde M, Fukutani K. Coverage-dependent desorption kinetics of water on a well-ordered alumina thin film surface. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:034703. [PMID: 38226820 DOI: 10.1063/5.0183443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
We have developed an experimental and analytical setup for thermal desorption spectroscopy of solid water films on surfaces. We obtain the coverage-dependent desorption kinetics of water molecules from a well-defined ultra-thin alumina/NiAl(110) surface in the coverage range of 0-2 monolayers. We use a novel deconvolution technique to eliminate the pumping delay of water vapor in the vacuum system, which has previously hindered the accurate estimation of desorption kinetic parameters, such as activation energy and pre-exponential factor. The coverage-dependent Arrhenius analysis reveals that the desorption activation energy decreases with increasing coverage in the sub-monolayer range, indicating that the water-water interaction is not attractive. We also find that the pre-exponential factor for the second layer is higher than that for the sub-monolayer. We explain this difference in terms of transition state theory and propose that entropic effects play a significant role in water desorption kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Koshida
- Social Cooperation Research Departments, Frost Protection Science, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - M Wilde
- Social Cooperation Research Departments, Frost Protection Science, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - K Fukutani
- Social Cooperation Research Departments, Frost Protection Science, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
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4
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Kanhaiya K, Nathanson M, In 't Veld PJ, Zhu C, Nikiforov I, Tadmor EB, Choi YK, Im W, Mishra RK, Heinz H. Accurate Force Fields for Atomistic Simulations of Oxides, Hydroxides, and Organic Hybrid Materials up to the Micrometer Scale. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8293-8322. [PMID: 37962992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The simulation of metals, oxides, and hydroxides can accelerate the design of therapeutics, alloys, catalysts, cement-based materials, ceramics, bioinspired composites, and glasses. Here we introduce the INTERFACE force field (IFF) and surface models for α-Al2O3, α-Cr2O3, α-Fe2O3, NiO, CaO, MgO, β-Ca(OH)2, β-Mg(OH)2, and β-Ni(OH)2. The force field parameters are nonbonded, including atomic charges for Coulomb interactions, Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials for van der Waals interactions with 12-6 and 9-6 options, and harmonic bond stretching for hydroxide ions. The models outperform DFT calculations and earlier atomistic models (Pedone, ReaxFF, UFF, CLAYFF) up to 2 orders of magnitude in reliability, compatibility, and interpretability due to a quantitative representation of chemical bonding consistent with other compounds across the periodic table and curated experimental data for validation. The IFF models exhibit average deviations of 0.2% in lattice parameters, <10% in surface energies (to the extent known), and 6% in bulk moduli relative to experiments. The parameters and models can be used with existing parameters for solvents, inorganic compounds, organic compounds, biomolecules, and polymers in IFF, CHARMM, CVFF, AMBER, OPLS-AA, PCFF, and COMPASS, to simulate bulk oxides, hydroxides, electrolyte interfaces, and multiphase, biological, and organic hybrid materials at length scales from atoms to micrometers. The nonbonded character of the models also enables the analysis of mixed oxides, glasses, and certain chemical reactions, and well-performing nonbonded models for silica phases, SiO2, are introduced. Automated model building is available in the CHARMM-GUI Nanomaterial Modeler. We illustrate applications of the models to predict the structure of mixed oxides, and energy barriers of ion migration, as well as binding energies of water and organic molecules in outstanding agreement with experimental data and calculations at the CCSD(T) level. Examples of model building for hydrated, pH-sensitive oxide surfaces to simulate solid-electrolyte interfaces are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kanhaiya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Michael Nathanson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Pieter J In 't Veld
- BASF SE, Molecular Modeling & Drug Discovery, Carl Bosch Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Ilia Nikiforov
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ellad B Tadmor
- Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yeol Kyo Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Wonpil Im
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Ratan K Mishra
- BASF SE, Molecular Modeling & Drug Discovery, Carl Bosch Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Hendrik Heinz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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5
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Bianchi E, López-Sepulcre A, Ceccarelli C, Codella C, Podio L, Bouvier M, Enrique-Romero J, Bachiller R, Lefloch B. Streamers feeding the SVS13-A protobinary system: astrochemistry reveals accretion shocks? Faraday Discuss 2023; 245:164-180. [PMID: 37334658 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00018d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
We report Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) high-angular resolution (∼50 au) observations of the binary system SVS13-A. More specifically, we analyse deuterated water (HDO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission. The molecular emission is associated with both the components of the binary system, VLA4A and VLA4B. The spatial distribution is compared to that of formamide (NH2CHO), previously analysed in the system. Deuterated water shows an additional emitting component spatially coincident with the dust-accretion streamer, at a distance ≥120 au from the protostars, and at blue-shifted velocities (>3 km s-1 from the systemic velocities). We investigate the origin of the molecular emission in the streamer, in light of thermal sublimation temperatures calculated using updated binding energy (BE) distributions. We propose that the observed emission is produced by an accretion shock at the interface between the accretion streamer and the disk of VLA4A. Thermal desorption is not completely excluded in case the source is actively experiencing an accretion burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bianchi
- Excellence Cluster ORIGINS, Boltzmannstraße 2, Garching bei München, 85748, Germany.
| | - Ana López-Sepulcre
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique, 38406 Saint-Martin d' Hères, France
| | | | - Claudio Codella
- INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, Firenze, I-50125, Italy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Linda Podio
- INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, Firenze, I-50125, Italy
| | - Mathilde Bouvier
- Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joan Enrique-Romero
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rafael Bachiller
- Observatorio Astronómico Nacional (OAN-IGN), Alfonso XII 3, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bertrand Lefloch
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Laboratoire d'astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, B18N, Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
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6
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Maxwell EM, Garber LA, Rogers CJ, Galgano AJ, Baker JS, Kaleem H, Boyle DT, Berry JL, Baber AE. Desorption trends of small alcohols and the disruption of intermolecular interactions at defect sites on Au(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:23884-23892. [PMID: 36165463 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gold-based catalysts have received tremendous attention as supports and nanoparticles for heterogeneous catalysis, in part due to the ability of nanoscale Au to catalyze reactions at low temperatures in oxidative environments. Surface defects are known active sites for low temperature Au chemistry, so a full understanding of the interplay between intermolecular interactions and surface morphology is essential to an advanced understanding of catalytic behavior and efficiency. In a systematic study to better understand the adsorption and intermolecular behavior of small alcohols (C1-C4) on Au(111) defect sites, coverage studies of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and isobutanol have been conducted on Au(111) using ultrahigh vacuum temperature programmed desorption (UHV-TPD). These small alcohols molecularly adsorb on the Au(111) surface and high resolution experiments reveal distinct terrace, step edge, and kink adsorption features for each molecule. The hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) networks of small alcohols on Au(111), except for 1-butanol and isobutanol, have been previously imaged on the molecular level at low temperatures by scanning tunneling microscopy. Primary C1-C3 alcohols exhibit planar H-bonded long extended zigzag chain networks while 2-butanol arranges in tetramer clusters of H-bonded molecules due to steric hindrance inhibiting the proximity of molecules on Au(111). Herein, the desorption energy of small primary alcohols was shown to trend linearly with increasing C1-C4 carbon chain length, indicating that the H-bonded molecular packing of 1-butanol resembles that of methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol, while isobutanol and 2-butanol deviate from the trend. Butanol isomer studies allow the prediction of isobutanol long extended chains in contrast to tetramers. The distinction between the desorption of butanol isomers highlights the role of intermolecular interactions due to the difference in molecular packing structures on Au(111). Furthermore, by studying the energetics of terrace H-bonded networks in comparison with molecular adsorption at undercoordinated step edge and kink defect sites, it is shown that the contribution of stabilizing van der Waals forces to the overall adsorption energy is less for small alcohols adsorbed at kink sites (3.1 kJ mol-1 per CH2) and similar for those adsorbed at step edge (4.8 kJ mol-1 per CH2) and Au terrace sites (4.9 kJ mol-1 per CH2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Maxwell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - Lyssa A Garber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - Clayton J Rogers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - Ava J Galgano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - Jordon S Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Hasan Kaleem
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - David T Boyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jessica L Berry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
| | - Ashleigh E Baber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA.
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7
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Rybicki M, Sauer J. Rigid Body Approximation for the Anharmonic Description of Molecule-Surface Vibrations. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:5618-5635. [PMID: 35913469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present an anharmonic approach for molecule-surface vibrations that employs rigid body coordinates, based on the Rodrigues rotation formula, to describe curvilinear displacements (rotations and translations) of the molecule along normal modes. These displacements are used to calculate energy data points from which one-dimensional polynomial potentials are fitted using cubic splines. In these potentials, for each of the six rigid body modes separately, one-dimensional Schrödinger equations are solved with harmonic oscillator or Fourier functions (for pure rotations) as basis sets. The anharmonic vibrational energies obtained are used to calculate partition functions and from them enthalpies, entropies, and Gibbs free energies of adsorption. Our numerical implementation has been successfully tested for Morse and cosine potentials with known analytical solutions. The methods have been applied to adsorption of CH4 on the hydroxyl group of the proton form of the chabazite zeolite (H-CHA), as well as to adsorption of CH4 and CO on the Mg2+ ions of the metal-organic framework (MOF) Mg2(dobdc). To obtain the best estimates for thermodynamic functions, we include the coupling between molecule-surface vibrations and intrasystem vibrations at the harmonic level. The calculated Gibbs free energies show that the coupling is small for CH4/H-CHA and CO/MOF (between -0.7 and +0.1 kJ/mol) but substantial for CH4/MOF (-3.4 kJ/mol). The predicted anharmonic effect on the Gibbs free energy of adsorption for CH4/H-CHA, CH4/MOF, and CO/MOF is -4.7, 0.3 ± 0.7, and -2.4 ± 0.6 kJ/mol, respectively, which results in +4.2, +0.9 ± 0.7, and -0.4 ± 0.6 kJ/mol, respectively, for the deviation from experiment. This is well within chemical accuracy limits (±4.2 kJ/mol) for the adsorption of CH4 and CO in the MOF. The larger deviation for CH4/H-CHA, at the edge of the chemical accuracy range, is most likely due to contributions from soft zeolite modes which are neglected in our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Rybicki
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry/Charles University Center of Advanced Materials, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Muth M, Wolfram A, Kataev E, Köbl J, Steinrück HP, Lytken O. Accurate Determination of Adsorption-Energy Differences of Metalloporphyrins on Rutile TiO 2(110) 1 × 1. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:8643-8650. [PMID: 35793163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the adsorption of organic molecules on surfaces is of essential importance for many applications. Adsorption energies are typically measured using temperature-programmed desorption. However, for large organic molecules, often only desorption of the multilayers is possible, while the bottom monolayer in direct contact to the surface cannot be desorbed without decomposition. Nevertheless, the adsorption energies of these directly adsorbed molecules are the ones of the most interest. We use a layer-exchange process investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to compare the relative adsorption energies of several metalated tetraphenylporphyrins on rutile TiO2(110) 1 × 1. We deposit a mixture of two different molecules, one on top of the other, and slowly anneal above their multilayer desorption temperature. During the slow heating, the molecules begin to diffuse between the layers and the molecules with the stronger interaction with the surface displace the weaker-interacting molecules from the surface and push them into the multilayer. The multilayers eventually desorb, leaving behind a monolayer of strongly interacting molecules. From the ratio of the two different porphyrin molecules in the residual monolayer and the desorbed multilayer, we can calculate the equilibrium constant of the layer-exchange process and thereby the difference in adsorption energy between the two different porphyrin molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Muth
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Wolfram
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elmar Kataev
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julia Köbl
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Steinrück
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ole Lytken
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie II, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Tinacci L, Germain A, Pantaleone S, Ferrero S, Ceccarelli C, Ugliengo P. Theoretical Distribution of the Ammonia Binding Energy at Interstellar Icy Grains: A New Computational Framework. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2022; 6:1514-1526. [PMID: 35747467 PMCID: PMC9208021 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.2c00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The binding energies (BE) of molecules on the interstellar grains are crucial in the chemical evolution of the interstellar medium (ISM). Both temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) laboratory experiments and quantum chemistry computations have often provided, so far, only single values of the BE for each molecule. This is a severe limitation, as the ices enveloping the grain mantles are structurally amorphous, giving rise to a manifold of possible adsorption sites, each with different BEs. However, the amorphous ice nature prevents the knowledge of structural details, hindering the development of a common accepted atomistic icy model. In this work, we propose a computational framework that closely mimics the formation of the interstellar grain mantle through a water by water accretion. On that grain, an unbiased random (but well reproducible) positioning of the studied molecule is then carried out. Here we present the test case of NH3, a ubiquitous species in the molecular ISM. We provide the BE distribution computed by a hierarchy approach, using the semiempirical xTB-GFN2 as a low-level method to describe the whole icy cluster in combination with the B97D3 DFT functional as a high-level method on the local zone of the NH3 interaction. The final ZPE-corrected BE is computed at the ONIOM(DLPNO-CCSD(T)//B97D3:xTB-GFN2) level, ensuring the best cost/accuracy ratio. The main peak of the predicted NH3 BE distribution is in agreement with experimental TPD and computed data in the literature. A second broad peak at very low BE values is also present, which has never been detected before. It may provide the solution to a longstanding puzzle about the presence of gaseous NH3 also observed in cold ISM objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Tinacci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Torino, via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Institut
de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Auréle Germain
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Torino, via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Pantaleone
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Torino, via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università
degli Studi di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferrero
- Departament
de Quimica, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia Spain
| | - Cecilia Ceccarelli
- Institut
de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Piero Ugliengo
- Dipartimento
di Chimica, Università degli Studi
di Torino, via P. Giuria
7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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10
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MOHAMED IBRAHIM ABDISALAM, Morisset S, Baouche S, Dulieu F. Desorption of physisorbed molecular oxygen from coronene films and graphite surfaces. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:194307. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0087870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a study on the adsorption and desorption of molecular oxygen (O2) on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and on coronene films deposited on it. To this end, DFT calculations were performed and experiments were made using the FORMOLISM device, which combines ultra-high vacuum, cryogenics, atomic or molecular beam and mass spectrometry techniques. We first studied the desorption kinetics of dioxygen (O2) on a coronene film and on graphite at 15K, using the TPD (Themally Programmed Desorption) technique. We observed that the desorption of O2 occurs at a lower temperature on coronene than on graphite. We deduce the binding energies which are 12.5 kJ/mol on graphite and 10.6 kJ/mol on coronene films (preexponentiel factor of 6.88x10^14 s^-1) . The graphite surfaces partially covered with coronene show both adsorption energies. These results are in good agreement with theoretical calculations, using as surfaces graphene and coronene adsorbed on graphene. It appears that O2 is better bound parallel to the surface and has a preference for the inner sites of the coronene
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11
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Vijay S, Kristoffersen HH, Katayama Y, Shao-Horn Y, Chorkendorff I, Seger B, Chan K. How to extract adsorption energies, adsorbate-adsorbate interaction parameters and saturation coverages from temperature programmed desorption experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24396-24402. [PMID: 34693410 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01992a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a scheme to extract the adsorption energy, adsorbate interaction parameter and the saturation coverage from temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments. We propose that the coverage dependent adsorption energy can be fit using a functional form including the configurational entropy and linear adsorbate-adsorbate interaction terms. As one example of this scheme, we analyze TPD of CO desorption on Au(211) and Au(310) surfaces. We determine that under atmospheric CO pressure, the steps of both facets adsorb between 0.4-0.9 ML coverage of CO*. We compare this result against energies obtained from five density functionals, RPBE, PBE, PBE-D3, RPBE-D3 and BEEF-vdW. We find that the energies and equilibrium coverages from RPBE-D3 and PBE are closest to the values determined from the TPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarshan Vijay
- CatTheory, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Henrik H Kristoffersen
- CatTheory, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Yu Katayama
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai, Ube, 755-8611, Japan
| | - Yang Shao-Horn
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Ib Chorkendorff
- SurfCat, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Brian Seger
- SurfCat, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Karen Chan
- CatTheory, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
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12
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Dombrowski PM, Kachel SR, Neuhaus L, Gottfried JM, Witte G. Temperature-programmed desorption of large molecules: influence of thin film structure and origin of intermolecular repulsion. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:13816-13826. [PMID: 34477656 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03532k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the exact knowledge of the binding energy of organic adsorbates on solid surfaces is of vital importance for the realization of molecular nanostructures and the theoretical modelling of molecule-substrate interactions, an experimental determination is by no means trivial. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) is a widely used technique that can provide such information, but a quantitative analysis requires detailed knowledge of the pre-exponential factor of desorption and is therefore rarely performed on a quantitative level for larger molecules that often exhibit notable mutual intermolecular interactions. Here, we provide a thorough anlysis of TPD data of monolayers of pentacene and perfluoropentacene adsorbed on Au(111) that serve as a model system for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on noble metal surfaces. We show that the pre-exponential factor varies by several orders of magnitude with the surface coverage and evolves in a step-like fashion due to the sudden activation of a rotational degree of freedom during thermally controlled monolayer desorption. Using complementary coverage-dependent work function measurements, the interface dipole moments were determined. This allows to identify the origin and quantify the relative contributions of the lateral intermolecular interactions, which we modelled by force field calculations. This analysis clearly shows that the main cause for intermolecular repulsion are electrostatic interactions between the intramolecular charge distributions, while interface dipoles play only a minor role.
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13
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Dickbreder T, Bechstein R, Kühnle A. Crucial impact of exchange between layers on temperature programmed desorption. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18314-18321. [PMID: 34357364 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01924d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Desorption of molecules from surfaces constitutes an elementary process that is fundamental in both natural and application-oriented fields, including dewetting, weathering and catalysis. A powerful method to investigate desorption processes is temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), which offers the potential to provide mechanistic insights into the desorption kinetics. Using TPD, the desorption order, the energy barrier as well as the entropy change upon desorption can be accessed. In the past, several analysis methods have been developed for TPD data. These methods have in common that they rely on the Polanyi-Wigner equation, which requires proposing a desorption mechanism with a single (or at least dominating) desorption path. For real systems, however, several coupled desorption paths can be easily envisioned, which cannot be disentangled. Here, we analyse the influence of exchange between the first and the second adsorbate layer on the desorption process. We present a kinetic model, in which molecules can desorb directly from the first layer or change into the second layer and desorb from there. Interestingly, considering this additional desorption pathway alters the desorption spectrum considerably, even if the transient second-layer occupation remains as small as 4 × 10-6 monolayers. We show that the impact of this layer exchange can be described by a modified Polanyi-Wigner equation. Our study demonstrates that layer exchange can crucially impact the TPD data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Dickbreder
- Physical Chemistry I, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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14
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Potapov A, McCoustra M. Physics and chemistry on the surface of cosmic dust grains: a laboratory view. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2021.1918498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Potapov
- Laboratory Astrophysics Group of the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin McCoustra
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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15
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Martin R, Kim M, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Alkane Activation and Oxidation on Late-Transition-Metal Oxides: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Minkyu Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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16
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Kachel SR, Dombrowski PM, Breuer T, Gottfried JM, Witte G. Engineering of TMDC-OSC hybrid interfaces: the thermodynamics of unitary and mixed acene monolayers on MoS 2. Chem Sci 2020; 12:2575-2585. [PMID: 34164025 PMCID: PMC8179302 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05633b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid systems of two-dimensional (2D) materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and organic semiconductors (OSCs) have become subject of great interest for future device architectures. Although OSC-TMDC hybrid systems have been used in first device demonstrations, the precise preparation of ultra-thin OSC films on TMDCs has not been addressed. Due to the weak van der Waals interaction between TMDCs and OSCs, this requires precise knowledge of the thermodynamics at hand. Here, we use temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of TPD traces to characterize the desorption kinetics of pentacene (PEN) and perfluoropentacene (PFP) on MoS2 as a model system for OSCs on TMDCs. We show that the monolayers of PEN and PFP are thermally stabilized compared to their multilayers, which allows preparation of nominal monolayers by selective desorption of multilayers. This stabilization is, however, caused by entropy due to a high molecular mobility rather than an enhanced molecule-substrate bond. Consequently, the nominal monolayers are not densely packed films. Molecular mobility can be suppressed in mixed monolayers of PEN and PFP that, due to intermolecular attraction, form highly ordered films as shown by scanning tunneling microscopy. Although this reduces the entropic stabilization, the intermolecular attraction further stabilizes mixed films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan R Kachel
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | | | - Tobias Breuer
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg Renthof 7 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - J Michael Gottfried
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4 35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Gregor Witte
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg Renthof 7 35032 Marburg Germany
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17
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Hill SB, Tarrio C, Berg RF, Lucatorto TB. EUV-induced carbon growth at contaminant pressures between 10 -10 mbar and 10 -6 mbar: Experiment and model. JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. A, VACUUM, SURFACES, AND FILMS : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VACUUM SOCIETY 2020; 38:10.1116/6.0000437. [PMID: 34446983 PMCID: PMC8383827 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon contamination induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation affects precision optics in applications as diverse as semiconductor lithography and satellite observations of the Sun. Our previous experiments have shown that low-intensity UV-induced surface contamination depends quasi-logarithmically on the partial pressure of the organic contaminant due to the poly-dispersive nature of the surface-adsorbate system. This complex dependence presents difficulties because, without a physically motivated model, it cannot be extrapolated to low pressures. We present measurements and a model of carbon growth induced by UV exposure in the presence of tetradecane vapor. The model, which includes a coverage-dependent adsorption energy, describes the measurements over four orders of magnitude in pressure, and we expect that it can be extrapolated to the lower pressures of interest to the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography and solar astronomy communities. Our experience with other contaminants leads us to expect that other organic contaminants will behave similar to tetradecane. The results also provide insights into the kinetics governing coverage isotherms at extremely low partial pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Hill
- Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8411 USA
| | - C Tarrio
- Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8411 USA
| | - R F Berg
- Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8411 USA
| | - T B Lucatorto
- Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8411 USA
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18
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Miletic M, Palczynski K, Dzubiella J. Quantifying entropic barriers in single-molecule surface diffusion. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:164713. [PMID: 33138417 DOI: 10.1063/5.0024178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The quantitative role of entropy in the surface diffusion of molecules with many degrees of freedom is still not well understood. Here, we quantify entropic diffusion barriers as well as attempt frequencies by performing a systematic decomposition of the Arrhenius equation for single oligophenyl molecules of various lengths (two to six phenyl rings and benzene as the reference) on an amorphous silica surface using extensive molecular dynamics simulations. Attempt frequencies evaluated from velocity auto-correlation functions are found close to kBT/h, the frequency factor of transition state theory. Importantly, we find large positive entropy contributions to the free energy barrier of diffusion up to 55%, increasing with molecular length with 4.1 kJ/mol/phenyl ring. The entropic barrier is about 40%-60% of the entropy of the molecule surface adsorption free energy, revealing that at the transition states, the molecules can liberate a major part of their conformational states, increasing with length. The substantial role of the internal degrees of freedom for the diffusive dynamics is explicitly demonstrated by studying internally constrained, "rigid" version of the molecules. Finally, we discuss also rotational diffusion and the role of surface vibrations. Our results affirm that it is essential for quantitative studies and interpretation of surface diffusion of complex molecules to consider internal entropic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Miletic
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstr. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karol Palczynski
- Research Group for Simulations of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Research Group for Simulations of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Westphal G, Wega J, Dissanayake REA, Schäfer T. Chirality detection of surface desorption products using photoelectron circular dichroism. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:054707. [PMID: 32770893 DOI: 10.1063/5.0014917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chirality detection of gas-phase molecules at low concentrations is challenging as the molecular number density is usually too low to perform conventional circular dichroism absorption experiments. In recent years, new spectroscopic methods have been developed to detect chirality in the gas phase. In particular, the angular distribution of photoelectrons after multiphoton laser ionization of chiral molecules using circularly polarized light is highly sensitive to the enantiomeric form of the ionized molecule [multiphoton photoelectron circular dichroism (MP-PECD)]. In this paper, we employ the MP-PECD as an analytic tool for chirality detection of the bicyclic monoterpene fenchone desorbing from a Ag(111) crystal. We record velocity-resolved kinetics of fenchone desorption on Ag(111) using pulsed molecular beams with ion imaging techniques. In addition, we measure temperature-programmed desorption spectra of the same system. Both experiments indicate weak physisorption of fenchone on Ag(111). We combine both experimental techniques with enantiomer-specific detection by recording MP-PECD of desorbing molecules using photoelectron imaging spectroscopy. We can clearly assign the enantiomeric form of the desorption product fenchone in sub-monolayer concentration. The experiment demonstrates the combination of MP-PECD with surface science experiments, paving the way for enantiomer-specific detection of surface reaction products on heterogeneous catalysts for asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Westphal
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Wega
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rasika E A Dissanayake
- Plant and Environmental Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Tim Schäfer
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Tammannstr. 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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20
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Martin R, Kim M, Lee CJ, Shariff MS, Feng F, Meyer RJ, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Molecular chemisorption of N 2 on IrO 2(110). J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074712. [PMID: 32087661 DOI: 10.1063/1.5142210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated adsorption of N2 on stoichiometric and O-rich IrO2(110) surfaces using temperature programmed desorption (TPD) experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. TPD shows that N2 desorbs predominantly from the stoichiometric-IrO2(110) surface in a well-defined peak at 270 K for N2 coverages below about 0.5 ML and that a shoulder centered near 235 K develops in the N2 TPD traces as the coverage approaches saturation, indicating that adsorbed N2 molecules destabilize at high N2 coverages. Experiments of N2 adsorption onto O-rich IrO2(110) surfaces provide evidence that N2 adsorbs exclusively on the coordinatively unsaturated Ir atoms (Ircus) of the surface and that pre-adsorbed O-atoms ("on-top" oxygen) stabilize adsorbed N2 molecules, causing the main N2 TPD peak to shift toward higher temperature with increasing oxygen coverages. Consistent with prior results, our DFT calculations predict that an N2 molecule preferentially adsorbs into an upright configuration on an Ircus atom of the IrO2(110) surface and achieves a binding energy of about 100 kJ/mol. The computed binding energy agrees well with our experimental estimate of ∼90 kJ/mol for low N2 coverages on stoichiometric IrO2(110). The DFT calculations also quantitatively reproduce the observed stabilization of N2 by co-adsorption on-top O-atoms and predict the destabilization of N2 on IrO2(110) as the N2 adlayer becomes crowded at high coverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Martin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - M Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C J Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - M S Shariff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - F Feng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - R J Meyer
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, USA
| | - A Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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21
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Marcinkowski MD, Adamsen KC, Doudin N, Sharp MA, Smith RS, Wang Y, Wendt S, Lauritsen JV, Parkinson GS, Kay BD, Dohnálek Z. Adsorption and reaction of methanol on Fe 3O 4(001). J Chem Phys 2020; 152:064703. [PMID: 32061207 DOI: 10.1063/1.5139418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of methanol with iron oxide surfaces is of interest due to its potential in hydrogen storage and from a fundamental perspective as a chemical probe of reactivity. We present here a study examining the adsorption and reaction of methanol on magnetite Fe3O4(001) at cryogenic temperatures using a combination of temperature programmed desorption, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy. The methanol desorption profile from Fe3O4(001) is complex, exhibiting peaks at 140 K, 173 K, 230 K, and 268 K, corresponding to the desorption of intact methanol, as well as peaks at 341 K and 495 K due to the reaction of methoxy intermediates. The saturation of a monolayer of methanol corresponds to ∼5 molecules/unit cell (u.c.), which is slightly higher than the number of surface octahedral iron atoms of 4/u.c. We probe the kinetics and thermodynamics of the desorption of molecular methanol using inversion analysis. The deconvolution of the complex desorption profile into individual peaks allows for calculations of both the desorption energy and the prefactor of each feature. The initial 0.7 methanol/u.c. reacts to form methoxy and hydroxy intermediates at 180 K, which remain on the surface above room temperature after intact methanol has desorbed. The methoxy species react via one of two channels, a recombination reaction with surface hydroxyls to form additional methanol at ∼350 K and a disproportionation reaction to form methanol and formaldehyde at ∼500 K. Only 20% of the methoxy species undergo the disproportionation reaction, with most of them reacting via the 350 K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Marcinkowski
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Kræn C Adamsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNano) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Nassar Doudin
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Marcus A Sharp
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - R Scott Smith
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Stefan Wendt
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNano) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jeppe V Lauritsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNano) and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Gareth S Parkinson
- Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruce D Kay
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
| | - Zdenek Dohnálek
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate and Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, USA
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22
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Holtrop F, Visscher KW, Jupp AR, Slootweg JC. Steric attraction: A force to be reckoned with. ADVANCES IN PHYSICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apoc.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Dudowicz J, Douglas JF, Freed KF. Lattice theory for binding of linear polymers to a solid substrate from polymer melts: I. Influence of chain connectivity on molecular binding and adsorption. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:124706. [PMID: 31575160 DOI: 10.1063/1.5115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Most theories of the binding of molecules to surfaces or for the association between molecules treat the binding species as structureless entities and neglect their rigidity and the changes in their stiffness induced by the binding process. The binding species are also taken to be "ideal," meaning that the existence of van der Waals interactions and changes in these interactions upon molecular binding are also neglected. An understanding of the thermodynamics of these multifunctional molecular binding processes has recently come into focus in the context of the molecular binding of complex molecules, such as dendrimers and DNA grafted nanoparticles, to surfaces where the degree of binding cooperativity and selectivity, as well as the location of the binding transition, are found to be sensitive to the number of binding units constrained to a larger scale polymeric scaffold. We address the fundamental problem of molecular binding by extending classical Langmuir theory to describe the particular example of the reversible binding of semiflexible polymer chains to a solid substrate under melt conditions. The polymer chains are assumed to have a variable number N of binding units (segments) and to exhibit variable bending energies and van der Waals interactions in the bulk and on the surface, in addition to strong directional interactions with the surface. The resulting generalized Langmuir theory is applied to the examination of the influence of the chain connectivity of ideal polymers on the surface coverage Θ, transition binding temperature T1/2 at which Θ = 1/2, and on the derivative |dΘ/dT|T=T1/2 and the constant volume specific heat of binding, Cv bind, measures of the cooperativity and "sharpness" of the binding transition, respectively. Paper II is devoted to the impact of the van der Waals attractive interactions and chain stiffness on the reversible binding of nonideal polymer chains to a solid surface, including the enthalpy-entropy compensation phenomenon observed experimentally in many molecular and particle binding processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Dudowicz
- The James Franck Institute and the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Jack F Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Karl F Freed
- The James Franck Institute and the Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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24
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Salter TL, Stubbing JW, Brigham L, Brown WA. A TPD and RAIRS comparison of the low temperature surface behavior of benzene, toluene, and xylene on graphite. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:164705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tara L. Salter
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - James W. Stubbing
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna Brigham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy A. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QJ, United Kingdom
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25
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Wang KT, Nachimuthu S, Jiang JC. Temperature-programmed desorption studies of NH 3 and H 2O on the RuO 2(110) surface: effects of adsorbate diffusion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24201-24209. [PMID: 30209447 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) is one of the most straightforward surface science experiments for the determination of the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of a reaction. In our previous study (J. Phys. Chem. C, 2013, 117, 6136-6142), we proposed a model combining DFT methods with microkinetics to investigate the TPD spectra of NH3 and H2O on the RuO2(110) surface. Although our model predicted both the physisorption and chemisorption peaks of both adsorbates in agreement with the experimental TPD spectra, it failed to explain the region between the physisorption and chemisorption areas and underestimated the intensity of the adsorbate in these areas. Hence, to improve our model, in this study, we considered the diffusion of adsorbates from the sub-monolayer to the second layer. Accordingly, we simulated the TPD spectra of both NH3 and H2O on the RuO2(110) surface using condensation approximation. Our results indicate that the diffusion barriers of the adsorbates at high coverage are smaller than their direct desorption energies. Hence, the diffusion of the adsorbates to the second layer from the sub-monolayer at higher coverage is kinetically favorable, which then desorb directly even at low temperatures. Furthermore, the simulated TPD spectra clearly depict the previous experimental results of both adsorbates after considering the diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ting Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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26
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Dauenhauer PJ, Abdelrahman OA. A Universal Descriptor for the Entropy of Adsorbed Molecules in Confined Spaces. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:1235-1243. [PMID: 30276258 PMCID: PMC6161062 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Confinement of hydrocarbons in nanoscale pockets and pores provides tunable capability for controlling molecules in catalysts, sorbents, and membranes for reaction and separation applications. While computation of the enthalpic interactions of hydrocarbons in confined spaces has improved, understanding and predicting the entropy of confined molecules remains a challenge. Here we show, using a set of nine aluminosilicate zeolite frameworks with broad variation in pore and cavity structure, that the entropy of adsorption can be predicted as a linear combination of rotational and translational entropy. The extent of entropy lost upon adsorption is predicted using only a single material descriptor, the occupiable volume (V occ). Predictive capability of confined molecular entropy permits an understanding of the relation with adsorption enthalpy, the ability to computationally screen microporous materials, and an understanding of the role of confinement on the kinetics of molecules in confined spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Dauenhauer
- University
of Minnesota, 484 Amundson Hall, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Catalysis
Center for Energy Innovation, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Catalysis
Center for Energy Innovation, 150 Academy Street, Colburn Laboratory, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- University
of Massachusetts Amherst, 686 North Pleasant Street, 112F Goessmann Laboratory, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- E-mail:
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27
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Kondo T, Al Taleb A, Anemone G, Farías D. Low-energy methane scattering from Pt(111). J Chem Phys 2018; 149:084703. [PMID: 30193506 DOI: 10.1063/1.5044744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have measured the temperature dependence of angular distributions of CH4 from Pt(111) at an incident energy of 109 meV. A broad angular distribution has been observed along the two main symmetry directions, whereby the peak center shifts from the supra-specular position to the sub-specular position when the surface temperature increases from 120 K to 800 K. Different widths have been measured for the scattering patterns along the [ 1¯01 ] and the [ 2¯11 ] azimuthal directions. Based on calculations performed within the binary collision model, these differences have been ascribed to different corrugations of the CH4-Pt(111) interaction potential along the two high-symmetry directions. This corrugation has been estimated from the model calculations to amount ∼0.03 Å, a factor of three larger than the one measured with helium diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kondo
- Department of Materials Science and Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Amjad Al Taleb
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Anemone
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Farías
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Meier M, Hulva J, Jakub Z, Pavelec J, Setvin M, Bliem R, Schmid M, Diebold U, Franchini C, Parkinson GS. Water agglomerates on Fe 3O 4(001). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5642-E5650. [PMID: 29866854 PMCID: PMC6016784 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1801661115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the structure of water adsorbed on solid surfaces is a notoriously difficult task and pushes the limits of experimental and theoretical techniques. Here, we follow the evolution of water agglomerates on Fe3O4(001); a complex mineral surface relevant in both modern technology and the natural environment. Strong OH-H2O bonds drive the formation of partially dissociated water dimers at low coverage, but a surface reconstruction restricts the density of such species to one per unit cell. The dimers act as an anchor for further water molecules as the coverage increases, leading first to partially dissociated water trimers, and then to a ring-like, hydrogen-bonded network that covers the entire surface. Unraveling this complexity requires the concerted application of several state-of-the-art methods. Quantitative temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) reveals the coverage of stable structures, monochromatic X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows the extent of partial dissociation, and noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) using a CO-functionalized tip provides a direct view of the agglomerate structure. Together, these data provide a stringent test of the minimum-energy configurations determined via a van der Waals density functional theory (DFT)-based genetic search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Meier
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Computational Materials Science, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Hulva
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zdeněk Jakub
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiří Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Setvin
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Bliem
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cesare Franchini
- Center for Computational Materials Science, Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gareth S Parkinson
- Institute of Applied Physics, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria;
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29
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Smith RS, Kay BD. Desorption of Benzene, 1,3,5-Trifluorobenzene, and Hexafluorobenzene from a Graphene Surface: The Effect of Lateral Interactions on the Desorption Kinetics. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2632-2638. [PMID: 29724099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The desorption of benzene, 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene (TFB), and hexafluorobenzene (HFB) from a graphene covered Pt(111) substrate was investigated using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). All three species have well-resolved monolayer and second-layer desorption peaks. The desorption spectra for submonolayer coverages of benzene and HFB are consistent with first-order desorption kinetics. In contrast, the submonolayer TPD spectra for TFB align on a common leading-edge, which is indicative of zero-order desorption kinetics. The desorption behavior of the three molecules can be correlated with the strength of the quadrupole moments. Calculations (second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation and density functional theory) show that the potential minimum for coplanar TFB dimers is more than a factor of 2 greater than that for either benzene or HFB dimers. The calculations support the interpretation that benzene and HFB are less likely to form the two-dimensional islands that are needed for submonolayer zero-order desorption kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Scott Smith
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Bruce D Kay
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate , Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
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30
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Alessio M, Bischoff FA, Sauer J. Chemically accurate adsorption energies for methane and ethane monolayers on the MgO(001) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:9760-9769. [PMID: 29334088 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08083b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid QM:QM method that combines MP2 as high-level method on cluster models with density functional theory (PBE+D2) as low-level method on periodic models is applied to adsorption of methane and ethane on the MgO(001) surface for which reliable experimental desorption enthalpies are available. Two coverages are considered, monolayer (every second Mg2+ ion occupied) and one quarter coverage (one of eight Mg2+ ions occupied). Structure optimizations are performed at the hybrid MP2:(PBE+D2) level, with the MP2 energies and forces counterpoise corrected for basis set superposition error and extrapolated to the complete basis set limit. For the MP2 calculations on the adsorbate monolayer a two-body expansion of the lateral molecule-molecule interactions is applied. Higher order correlation effects are evaluated at the hybrid MP2:(PBE+D2) equilibrium structures as coupled cluster [CCSD(T)] - MP2 differences adopting smaller basis sets. The final adsorption energies obtained for monolayer coverage are -14.0 ± 1.0 and -23.3 ± 0.6 kJ mol-1 for CH4·MgO(001) and C2H6·MgO(001), respectively. They agree within 1 kJ mol-1 - well within chemical accuracy limits - with reference energies of -15.0 ± 0.6 and -24.4 ± 0.6 kJ mol-1, respectively. The latter have been derived from measured desorption enthalpy barriers, taking zero-point vibrational energy (ZPVE) and thermal enthalpy contributions into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maristella Alessio
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany.
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31
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Li T, Kim M, Rai R, Liang Z, Asthagiri A, Weaver JF. Adsorption of alkanes on stoichiometric and oxygen-rich RuO2(110). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:22647-60. [PMID: 27477390 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04195g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular adsorption of methane, ethane, propane and n-butane on stoichiometric and oxygen-rich RuO2(110) surfaces using temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT-D3) calculations. We find that each alkane adsorbs strongly on the coordinatively-unsaturated Ru (Rucus) atoms of s-RuO2(110), with desorption from this state producing a well-defined TPD peak at low alkane coverage. As the coverage increases, we find that alkanes first form a compressed layer on the Rucus atoms and subsequently adsorb on the bridging O atoms of the surface until the monolayer saturates. DFT-D3 calculations predict that methane preferentially adsorbs on top of a Rucus atom and that the C2 to C4 alkanes preferentially adopt bidentate configurations in which each molecule aligns parallel to the Rucus atom row and datively bonds to neighboring Rucus atoms. DFT-D3 predicts binding energies that agree quantitatively with our experimental estimates for alkane σ-complexes on RuO2(110). We find that oxygen atoms adsorbed on top of Rucus atoms (Oot atoms) stabilize the adsorbed alkane complexes that bind in a given configuration, while also blocking the sites needed for σ-complex formation. This site blocking causes the coverage of the most stable, bidentate alkane complexes to decrease sharply with increasing Oot coverage. Concurrently, we find that a new peak develops in the C2 to C4 alkane TPD spectra with increasing Oot coverage, and that the desorption yield in this TPD feature passes through a maximum at Oot coverages between ∼50% and 60%. We present evidence that the new TPD peak arises from C2 to C4 alkanes that adsorb in upright, monodentate configurations on stranded Rucus sites located within the Oot layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Minkyu Kim
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rahul Rai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Zhu Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jason F Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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32
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Setvin M, Shi X, Hulva J, Simschitz T, Parkinson GS, Schmid M, Di Valentin C, Selloni A, Diebold U. Methanol on Anatase TiO 2 (101): Mechanistic Insights into Photocatalysis. ACS Catal 2017; 7:7081-7091. [PMID: 29034122 PMCID: PMC5634753 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The photoactivity of methanol adsorbed on the anatase TiO2 (101) surface was studied by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Isolated methanol molecules adsorbed at the anatase (101) surface show a negligible photoactivity. Two ways of methanol activation were found. First, methoxy groups formed by reaction of methanol with coadsorbed O2 molecules or terminal OH groups are photoactive, and they turn into formaldehyde upon UV illumination. The methoxy species show an unusual C 1s core-level shift of 1.4 eV compared to methanol; their chemical assignment was verified by DFT calculations with inclusion of final-state effects. The second way of methanol activation opens at methanol coverages above 0.5 monolayer (ML), and methyl formate is produced in this reaction pathway. The adsorption of methanol in the coverage regime from 0 to 2 ML is described in detail; it is key for understanding the photocatalytic behavior at high coverages. There, a hydrogen-bonding network is established in the adsorbed methanol layer, and consequently, methanol dissociation becomes energetically more favorable. DFT calculations show that dissociation of the methanol molecule is always the key requirement for hole transfer from the substrate to the adsorbed methanol. We show that the hydrogen-bonding network established in the methanol layer dramatically changes the kinetics of proton transfer during the photoreaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Setvin
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiao Shi
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick
Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jan Hulva
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Simschitz
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gareth S. Parkinson
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristiana Di Valentin
- Dipartimento
di Scienza dei Materiali, Università
di Milano-Bicocca, Via
Cozzi 55, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Annabella Selloni
- Department
of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick
Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute
of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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33
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Modeling the conformational change of oil contaminants on Al2O3 surface in aqueous solution: The effect of molecular weight. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.05.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Al Taleb A, Farías D. Coherent quantum scattering of CH 4 from Ni(111). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:21267-21271. [PMID: 28762404 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04559j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have measured high-resolution angular distributions of methane scattered from a Ni(111) surface at incident energies between 68.9 meV and 108.6 meV. A sharp and intense specular peak has been observed, in addition to sharp features corresponding to rotationally inelastic diffraction (RID) peaks along the two main symmetry directions of Ni(111). The intensity of the most intense RID peaks is ca. 50% of the specular one. The observation of sharp, coherent elastic peaks at such low incident energies suggests that single scattering dominates over trapping at these energies, and that the depth of the van der Waals well should be lower than 60 meV. In contrast, a broad angular distribution shifted from the specular position is observed from a graphene-covered Ni(111) surface under identical incident conditions. These results open up the possibility of studying the physisorption well between CH4 and a transition metal surface using high-resolution molecular beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Al Taleb
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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35
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Smith RS, Kay BD. Desorption Kinetics of Benzene and Cyclohexane from a Graphene Surface. J Phys Chem B 2017; 122:587-594. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Scott Smith
- Physical and Computational
Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Physical and Computational
Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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36
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Kunkel C, Viñes F, Lourenço MA, Ferreira P, Gomes JR, Illas F. Selectivity for CO2 over CH4 on a functionalized periodic mesoporous phenylene-silica explained by transition state theory. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Kubas A, Berger D, Oberhofer H, Maganas D, Reuter K, Neese F. Surface Adsorption Energetics Studied with "Gold Standard" Wave-Function-Based Ab Initio Methods: Small-Molecule Binding to TiO 2(110). J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4207-4212. [PMID: 27690453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Coupled-cluster theory with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T)) is widely considered to be the "gold standard" of ab initio quantum chemistry. Using the domain-based pair natural orbital local correlation concept (DLPNO-CCSD(T)), these calculations can be performed on systems with hundreds of atoms at an accuracy of ∼99.9% of the canonical CCSD(T) method. This allows for ab initio calculations providing reference adsorption energetics at solid surfaces with an accuracy approaching 1 kcal/mol. This is an invaluable asset, not least for the assessment of density functional theory (DFT) as the prevalent approach for large-scale production calculations in energy or catalysis applications. Here we use DLPNO-CCSD(T) with embedded cluster models to compute entire adsorbate potential energy surfaces for the binding of a set of prototypical closed-shell molecules (H2O, NH3, CH4, CH3OH, CO2) to the rutile TiO2(110) surface. The DLPNO-CCSD(T) calculations show excellent agreement with available experimental data, even for the "infamous" challenge of correctly predicting the CO2 adsorption geometry. The numerical efficiency of the approach is within 1 order of magnitude of hybrid-level DFT calculations, hence blurring the borders between reference and production technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Kubas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel Berger
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Harald Oberhofer
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Maganas
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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38
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Kundu A, Piccini G, Sillar K, Sauer J. Ab Initio Prediction of Adsorption Isotherms for Small Molecules in Metal–Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14047-14056. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Kundu
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den
Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - GiovanniMaria Piccini
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den
Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kaido Sillar
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den
Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14 a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den
Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
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39
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Scherwitzl B, Lassnig R, Truger M, Resel R, Leising G, Winkler A. Adsorption, desorption, and film formation of quinacridone and its thermal cracking product indigo on clean and carbon-covered silicon dioxide surfaces. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:094702. [PMID: 27609005 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaporation of quinacridone from a stainless steel Knudsen cell leads to the partial decomposition of this molecule in the cell, due to its comparably high sublimation temperature. At least one additional type of molecules, namely indigo, could be detected in the effusion flux. Thermal desorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy have been used to study the co-deposition of these molecules on sputter-cleaned and carbon-covered silicon dioxide surfaces. Desorption of indigo appears at temperatures of about 400 K, while quinacridone desorbs at around 510 K. For quinacridone, a desorption energy of 2.1 eV and a frequency factor for desorption of 1 × 10(19) s(-1) were calculated, which in this magnitude is typical for large organic molecules. A fraction of the adsorbed quinacridone molecules (∼5%) decomposes during heating, nearly independent of the adsorbed amount, resulting in a surface composed of small carbon islands. The sticking coefficients of indigo and quinacridone were found to be close to unity on a carbon covered SiO2 surface but significantly smaller on a sputter-cleaned substrate. The reason for the latter can be attributed to insufficient energy dissipation for unfavorably oriented impinging molecules. However, due to adsorption via a hot-precursor state, the sticking probability is increased on the surface covered with carbon islands, which act as accommodation centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Scherwitzl
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roman Lassnig
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Magdalena Truger
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Günther Leising
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Adolf Winkler
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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40
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Castro-Palacio JC, Hellmann R, Vesovic V. Dilute gas viscosity of n-alkanes represented by rigid Lennard-Jones chains. Mol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2016.1222456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Velisa Vesovic
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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41
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Boese AD, Sauer J. Accurate adsorption energies for small molecules on oxide surfaces: CH4 /MgO(001) and C2 H6 /MgO(001). J Comput Chem 2016; 37:2374-85. [PMID: 27481441 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid method is applied that combines second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) for cluster models with density functional theory for periodic (slab) models to obtain structures and energies for methane and ethane molecules adsorbed on the MgO(001) surface. Single point calculations are performed to estimate the effect of increasing the cluster size on the MP2 energies and to evaluate the difference between coupled cluster (CCSD(T)) and MP2 energies. The final estimates of the adsorption energies are 12.9 ± 1.3 and 18.9 ± 1.8 kJ/mol for CH4 and C2 H6 , respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Daniel Boese
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, Berlin, D-10099, Germany
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, Berlin, D-10099, Germany.
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42
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Lassnig R, Striedinger B, Jones A, Scherwitzl B, Fian A, Głowacl E, Stadlober B, Winkler A. Temperature and layer thickness dependent in situ investigations on epindolidione organic thin-film transistors. SYNTHETIC METALS 2016; 218:64-74. [PMID: 27340329 PMCID: PMC4913872 DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on in situ performance evaluations as a function of layer thickness and substrate temperature for bottom-gate, bottom-gold contact epindolidione organic thin-film transistors on various gate dielectrics. Experiments were carried out under ultra-high vacuum conditions, enabling quasi-simultaneous electrical and surface analysis. Auger electron spectroscopy and thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) were applied to characterize the quality of the substrate surface and the thermal stability of the organic films. Ex situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to gain additional information on the layer formation and surface morphology of the hydrogen-bonded organic pigment. The examined gate dielectrics included SiO2, in its untreated and sputtered forms, as well as the spin-coated organic capping layers poly(vinyl-cinnamate) (PVCi) and poly((±)endo,exo-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, diphenylester) (PNDPE, from the class of polynorbornenes). TDS and AFM revealed Volmer-Weber island growth dominated film formation with no evidence of a subjacent wetting layer. This growth mode is responsible for the comparably high coverage required for transistor behavior at 90-95% of a monolayer composed of standing molecules. Surface sputtering and an increased sample temperature during epindolidione deposition augmented the surface diffusion of adsorbing molecules and therefore led to a lower number of better-ordered islands. Consequently, while the onset of charge transport was delayed, higher saturation mobility was obtained. The highest, bottom-contact configuration, mobilities of approximately 2.5 × 10-3cm2/Vs were found for high coverages (50 nm) on sputtered samples. The coverage dependence of the mobility showed very different characteristics for the different gate dielectrics, while the change of the threshold voltage with coverage was approximately the same for all systems. An apparent decrease of the mobility with increasing coverage on the less polar PNDPE was attributed to a change in molecular orientation from upright standing in the thin-film phase to tilted in the bulk phase. From temperature-dependent mobility measurements we calculated activation barriers for the charge transport between 110 meV and 160 meV, depending on the dielectric configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Lassnig
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - B. Striedinger
- Materials-Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Franz-Pichler-Straße 30, A-8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - A.O.F. Jones
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - B. Scherwitzl
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - A. Fian
- Materials-Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Franz-Pichler-Straße 30, A-8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - E.D. Głowacl
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstraße 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria
| | - B. Stadlober
- Materials-Institute for Surface Technologies and Photonics, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Franz-Pichler-Straße 30, A-8160 Weiz, Austria
| | - A. Winkler
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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43
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Stuckenholz S, Büchner C, Ronneburg H, Thielsch G, Heyde M, Freund HJ. Apparatus for low temperature thermal desorption spectroscopy of portable samples. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:045103. [PMID: 27131703 DOI: 10.1063/1.4945265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An experimental setup for low temperature thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) integrated in an ultrahigh vacuum-chamber housing a high-end scanning probe microscope for comprehensive multi-tool surface science analysis is described. This setup enables the characterization with TDS at low temperatures (T > 22 K) of portable sample designs, as is the case for scanning probe optimized setups or high-throughput experiments. This combination of techniques allows a direct correlation between surface morphology, local spectroscopy, and reactivity of model catalysts. The performance of the multi-tool setup is illustrated by measurements of a model catalyst. TDS of CO from Mo(001) and from Mo(001) supported MgO thin films were carried out and combined with scanning tunneling microscopy measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stuckenholz
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Büchner
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Ronneburg
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G Thielsch
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Heyde
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - H-J Freund
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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44
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Ray M, Waller SE, Jarrold CC. Effect of Alkyl Group on MxOy(-) + ROH (M = Mo, W; R = Me, Et) Reaction Rates. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1508-19. [PMID: 26878402 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A systematic comparison of MxOy(-) + ROH (M = Mo vs W; R = Me vs Et) reaction rate coefficients and product distributions combined with results of calculations on weakly bound MxOy(-)·ROH complexes suggest that the overall reaction mechanism has three distinct steps, consistent with recently reported results on analogous MxOy(-) + H2O reactivity studies. MxOy(-) + ROH → MxOy+1(-) + RH oxidation reactions are observed for the least oxidized clusters, and MxOy(-) + ROH → MxOyROH(-) addition reactions are observed for clusters in intermediate oxidation states, as observed previously in MxOy(-) + H2O reactions. The first step is weakly bound complex formation, the rate of which is governed by the relative stability of the MxOy(-)·ROH charge-dipole complexes and the Lewis acid-base complexes. Calculations predict that MoxOy(-) clusters form more stable Lewis acid-base complexes than WxOy(-), and the stability of EtOH complexes is enhanced relative to MeOH. Consistent with this result, MoxOy(-) + ROH rate coefficients are higher than analogous WxOy(-) clusters. Rate coefficients range from 2.7 × 10(-13) cm(3) s(-1) for W3O8(-) + MeOH to 3.4 × 10(-11) cm(3) s(-1) for Mo2O4(-) + EtOH. Second, a covalently bound complex is formed, and anion photoelectron spectra of the several MxOyROH(-) addition products observed are consistent with hydroxyl-alkoxy structures that are formed readily from the Lewis acid-base complexes. Calculations indicate that addition products are trapped intermediates in the MxOy(-) + ROH → MxOy+1(-) + RH reaction, and the third step is rearrangement of the hydroxyl group to a metal hydride group to facilitate RH release. Trapped intermediates are more prevalent in MoxOy(-) reaction product distributions, indicating that the rate of this step is higher for WxOy+1RH(-) than for MoxOy+1RH(-). This result is consistent with previous computational studies on analogous MxOy(-) + H2O reactions predicting that barriers along the pathway in the rearrangement step are higher for MoxOy(-) reactions than for WxOy(-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Sarah E Waller
- Department of Chemistry, SUNY Stony Brook , Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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45
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SUZUKI TT, SAKAGUCHI I. Selective Concentration of Ultra-trace Acetone in the Air by Cryogenic Temperature Programmed Desorption (cryo-TPD). ANAL SCI 2016; 32:937-41. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Smith RS, May RA, Kay BD. Desorption Kinetics of Ar, Kr, Xe, N2, O2, CO, Methane, Ethane, and Propane from Graphene and Amorphous Solid Water Surfaces. J Phys Chem B 2015; 120:1979-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b10033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Scott Smith
- Physical
and Computational
Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - R. Alan May
- Physical
and Computational
Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Physical
and Computational
Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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47
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Piccini G, Sauer J. Effect of Anharmonicity on Adsorption Thermodynamics. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:2479-87. [PMID: 26580768 DOI: 10.1021/ct500291x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of anharmonic corrections to the vibrational energies of extended systems is explored. Particular attention is paid to the thermodynamics of adsorption of small molecules on catalytically relevant systems typically affected by anharmonicity. The implemented scheme obtains one-dimensional anharmonic model potentials by distorting the equilibrium structure along the normal modes using both rectilinear (Cartesian) or curvilinear (internal) representations. Only in the latter case, the modes are decoupled also at higher order of the potential and the thermodynamic functions change in the expected directions. The method is applied to calculate ab initio enthalpies, entropies, and Gibbs free energies for the adsorption of methane in acidic chabazite (H-CHA) and on MgO(001) surface. The values obtained for the adsorption of methane in H-CHA (273.15 K, 0.1 MPa, θ = 0.5) are ΔH = -19.3, -TΔS = 11.9, and ΔG = -7.5 kJ/mol. For methane on the MgO(001) (47 K, 1.3 × 10(-14) MPa, θ = 1) ΔH = -14.4, -TΔS = 16.6, and ΔG = 2.1 kJ/mol are obtained. The calculated desorption temperature is 44 K, and the desorption prefactor is 4.26 × 10(12) s(-1). All calculated results agree within chemical accuracy limits with experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- GiovanniMaria Piccini
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin , Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Sauer
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin , Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany
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48
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Scherwitzl B, Resel R, Winkler A. Film growth, adsorption and desorption kinetics of indigo on SiO2. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:184705. [PMID: 24832297 PMCID: PMC4589157 DOI: 10.1063/1.4875096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic dyes have recently been discovered as promising semiconducting materials, attributable to the formation of hydrogen bonds. In this work, the adsorption and desorption behavior, as well as thin film growth was studied in detail for indigo molecules on silicon dioxide with different substrate treatments. The material was evaporated onto the substrate by means of physical vapor deposition under ultra-high vacuum conditions and was subsequently studied by Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy (TDS), Auger Electron Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and Atomic Force Microscopy. TDS revealed initially adsorbed molecules to be strongly bonded on a sputter cleaned surface. After further deposition a formation of dimers is suggested, which de-stabilizes the bonding mechanism to the substrate and leads to a weakly bonded adsorbate. The dimers are highly mobile on the surface until they get incorporated into energetically favourable three-dimensional islands in a dewetting process. The stronger bonding of molecules within those islands could be shown by a higher desorption temperature. On a carbon contaminated surface no strongly bonded molecules appeared initially, weakly bonded monomers rather rearrange into islands at a surface coverage that is equivalent to one third of a monolayer of flat-lying molecules. The sticking coefficient was found to be unity on both substrates. The desorption energies from carbon covered silicon dioxide calculated to 1.67 ± 0.05 eV for multilayer desorption from the islands and 0.84 ± 0.05 eV for monolayer desorption. Corresponding values for desorption from a sputter cleaned surface are 1.53 ± 0.05 eV for multilayer and 0.83 ± 0.05 eV for monolayer desorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Scherwitzl
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Resel
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Adolf Winkler
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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49
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Smith RS, Li Z, Chen L, Dohnálek Z, Kay BD. Adsorption, Desorption, and Displacement Kinetics of H2O and CO2 on TiO2(110). J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:8054-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501131v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Scott Smith
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Zhenjun Li
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Long Chen
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Zdenek Dohnálek
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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50
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Weaver JF, Hakanoglu C, Antony A, Asthagiri A. Alkane activation on crystalline metal oxide surfaces. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:7536-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Late transition-metal oxide surfaces that expose coordinatively-unsaturated metal atoms promote the formation and bond activation of alkane σ-complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason F. Weaver
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| | - Can Hakanoglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| | - Abbin Antony
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Florida
- Gainesville, USA
| | - Aravind Asthagiri
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
- The Ohio State University
- Columbus, USA
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