1
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Eastwood J, Procacci B, Gurung S, Lynam JM, Hunt NT. Understanding the Vibrational Structure and Ultrafast Dynamics of the Metal Carbonyl Precatalyst [Mn(ppy)(CO) 4]. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2024; 4:536-545. [PMID: 39346610 PMCID: PMC11428260 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.4c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The solution phase structure, vibrational spectroscopy, and ultrafast relaxation dynamics of the precatalyst species [Mn(ppy)(CO)4] (1) in solution have been investigated using ultrafast two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy. By comparing 2D-IR data with the results of anharmonic density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we establish an excellent agreement between measured and predicted inter-mode couplings of the carbonyl stretching vibrational modes of 1 that relates to the atomic displacements of axial and equatorial ligands in the modes and the nature of the molecular orbitals involved in M-CO bonding. Measurements of IR pump-probe spectra and 2D-IR spectra as a function of waiting time reveal the presence of ultrafast (few ps) intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution between carbonyl stretching modes prior to vibrational relaxation. The vibrational relaxation times of the CO-stretching modes of 1 are found to be relatively solvent-insensitive, suggestive of limited solvent-solute interactions in the ground electronic state. Overall, these data provide a detailed picture of the complex potential energy surface, bonding and vibrational dynamics of 1, establishing a fundamental basis for the next steps in understanding and modulating precatalyst behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Procacci
- Department
of Chemistry and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Sabina Gurung
- Department
of Chemistry and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Neil T. Hunt
- Department
of Chemistry and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
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2
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Jana S, Do TN, Nowakowski PJ, Khyasudeen MF, Le DV, Lim IJY, Prasad S, Zhang J, Tan HS. Measuring the Ultrafast Correlation Dynamics of a Multilevel System Using the Center Line Slope Analysis in Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7309-7322. [PMID: 37579317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In a two-dimensional (2D) optical spectrum of a multilevel system, there are diagonal peaks and off-diagonal cross-peaks that correlate the different levels. The time-dependent properties of these diagonal peaks and cross-peaks contain much information about the dynamics of the multilevel system. The time-dependent diagonal peakshape that depends on the spectral diffusion dynamics of the associated transition and characterized by the frequency-fluctuation correlation function (FFCF) is well studied. However, the time-dependent peakshape of a cross-peak that provides the correlation dynamics between different transitions is much less studied or understood. We derived the third-order nonlinear response functions that describe the cross-peaks in a 2D electronic spectrum of a multilevel system that arise from processes sharing a common ground state and/or from internal conversion and population transfer. We can use the center line slope (CLS) analysis to characterize the cross-peaks in conjunction with the diagonal peaks. This allows us to recover the frequency-fluctuation cross-correlation functions (FXCFs) between two transitions. The FXCF and its subsidiary quantities such as the initial correlation and the initial covariance between different transitions are important for studying the correlation effects between states in complex systems, such as energy-transfer processes. Furthermore, knowledge of how various molecular processes over different timescales affect simultaneously different transitions can also be obtained from the measured FXCF. We validated and tested our derived equations and analysis process by studying, as an example, the 2D electronic spectra of metal-free phthalocyanine in solution. We measured and analyzed the diagonal peaks of the Qx and Qy transitions and the cross-peaks between these two transitions of this multilevel electronic system and obtained the associated FFCFs and FXCFs. In this model system, we measured negative components of FXCF over the tens of picosecond timescale. This suggests that in phthalocyanine, the Qx and Qy transitions coupling with the solvent molecule motion are anticorrelated to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjib Jana
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Thanh Nhut Do
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Paweł J Nowakowski
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - M Faisal Khyasudeen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Duc Viet Le
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Ian Jing Yan Lim
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Sachin Prasad
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Howe-Siang Tan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
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3
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Boeije Y, Olivucci M. From a one-mode to a multi-mode understanding of conical intersection mediated ultrafast organic photochemical reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2643-2687. [PMID: 36970950 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00719c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses how ultrafast organic photochemical reactions are controlled by conical intersections, highlighting that decay to the ground-state at multiple points of the intersection space results in their multi-mode character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorrick Boeije
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Chemistry Department, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro n. 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Chemistry Department, Bowling Green State University, Overman Hall, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, USA
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4
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Leong TX, Collins BK, Dey Baksi S, Mackin RT, Sribnyi A, Burin AL, Gladysz JA, Rubtsov IV. Tracking Energy Transfer across a Platinum Center. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4915-4930. [PMID: 35881911 PMCID: PMC9358659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Rigid, conjugated alkyne bridges serve as important components
in various transition-metal complexes used for energy conversion,
charge separation, sensing, and molecular electronics. Alkyne stretching
modes have potential for modulating charge separation in donor–bridge–acceptor
compounds. Understanding the rules of energy relaxation and energy
transfer across the metal center in such compounds can help optimize
their electron transfer switching properties. We used relaxation-assisted
two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy to track energy transfer across
metal centers in platinum complexes featuring a triazole-terminated
alkyne ligand of two or six carbons, a perfluorophenyl ligand, and
two tri(p-tolyl)phosphine ligands. Comprehensive
analyses of waiting-time dynamics for numerous cross and diagonal
peaks were performed, focusing on coherent oscillation, energy transfer,
and cooling parameters. These observables augmented with density functional
theory computations of vibrational frequencies and anharmonic force
constants enabled identification of different functional groups of
the compounds. Computations of vibrational relaxation pathways and
mode couplings were performed, and two regimes of intramolecular energy
redistribution are described. One involves energy transfer between
ligands via high-frequency modes; the transfer is efficient only if
the modes involved are delocalized over both ligands. The energy transport
pathways between the ligands are identified. Another regime involves
redistribution via low-frequency delocalized modes, which does not
lead to interligand energy transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy X Leong
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Brenna K Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Sourajit Dey Baksi
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Robert T Mackin
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Artem Sribnyi
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Alexander L Burin
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - John A Gladysz
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Igor V Rubtsov
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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5
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Edun DN, Cracchiolo OM, Serrano AL. A theoretical analysis of coherent cross-peaks in polarization selective 2DIR for detection of cross-α fibrils. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:035102. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0070553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dean N. Edun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Olivia M. Cracchiolo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Arnaldo L. Serrano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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6
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Duan R, Mastron JN, Song Y, Kubarych KJ. Isolating Polaritonic 2D-IR Transmission Spectra. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11406-11414. [PMID: 34788535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Strong coupling between vibrational transitions in molecules within a resonant optical microcavity leads to the formation of collective, delocalized vibrational polaritons. There are many potential applications of "polaritonic chemistry", ranging from modified chemical reactivity to quantum information processing. One challenge in obtaining the polaritonic response is removing a background contribution due to the uncoupled molecules that generate an ordinary 2D-IR spectrum whose amplitude is filtered by the polariton transmission spectrum. We show that most features in 2D-IR spectra of vibrational polaritons can be explained by a linear superposition of this background signal and the true polariton response. Through a straightforward correction procedure, in which the filtered bare-molecule 2D-IR spectrum is subtracted from the measured cavity response, we recover the polaritonic spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joseph N Mastron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 430 Church Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Yin Song
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 430 Church Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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7
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Sardjan AS, Westerman FP, Ogilvie JP, Jansen TLC. Observation of Ultrafast Coherence Transfer and Degenerate States with Polarization-Controlled Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9420-9427. [PMID: 32990439 PMCID: PMC7586392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Optical
spectroscopy is a powerful tool to interrogate quantum
states of matter. We present simulation results for the cross-polarized
two-dimensional electronic spectra of the light-harvesting system
LH2 of purple bacteria. We identify a spectral feature on the diagonal,
which we assign to ultrafast coherence transfer between degenerate
states. The implication for the interpretation of previous experiments
on different systems and the potential use of this feature are discussed.
In particular, we foresee that this kind of feature will be useful
for identifying mixed degenerate states and for identifying the origin
of symmetry breaking disorder in systems like LH2. Furthermore, this
may help identify both vibrational and electronic states in biological
systems such as proteins and solid-state materials such as hybrid
perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy S Sardjan
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris P Westerman
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer P Ogilvie
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Baiz CR, Błasiak B, Bredenbeck J, Cho M, Choi JH, Corcelli SA, Dijkstra AG, Feng CJ, Garrett-Roe S, Ge NH, Hanson-Heine MWD, Hirst JD, Jansen TLC, Kwac K, Kubarych KJ, Londergan CH, Maekawa H, Reppert M, Saito S, Roy S, Skinner JL, Stock G, Straub JE, Thielges MC, Tominaga K, Tokmakoff A, Torii H, Wang L, Webb LJ, Zanni MT. Vibrational Spectroscopic Map, Vibrational Spectroscopy, and Intermolecular Interaction. Chem Rev 2020; 120:7152-7218. [PMID: 32598850 PMCID: PMC7710120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy is an essential tool in chemical analyses, biological assays, and studies of functional materials. Over the past decade, various coherent nonlinear vibrational spectroscopic techniques have been developed and enabled researchers to study time-correlations of the fluctuating frequencies that are directly related to solute-solvent dynamics, dynamical changes in molecular conformations and local electrostatic environments, chemical and biochemical reactions, protein structural dynamics and functions, characteristic processes of functional materials, and so on. In order to gain incisive and quantitative information on the local electrostatic environment, molecular conformation, protein structure and interprotein contacts, ligand binding kinetics, and electric and optical properties of functional materials, a variety of vibrational probes have been developed and site-specifically incorporated into molecular, biological, and material systems for time-resolved vibrational spectroscopic investigation. However, still, an all-encompassing theory that describes the vibrational solvatochromism, electrochromism, and dynamic fluctuation of vibrational frequencies has not been completely established mainly due to the intrinsic complexity of intermolecular interactions in condensed phases. In particular, the amount of data obtained from the linear and nonlinear vibrational spectroscopic experiments has been rapidly increasing, but the lack of a quantitative method to interpret these measurements has been one major obstacle in broadening the applications of these methods. Among various theoretical models, one of the most successful approaches is a semiempirical model generally referred to as the vibrational spectroscopic map that is based on a rigorous theory of intermolecular interactions. Recently, genetic algorithm, neural network, and machine learning approaches have been applied to the development of vibrational solvatochromism theory. In this review, we provide comprehensive descriptions of the theoretical foundation and various examples showing its extraordinary successes in the interpretations of experimental observations. In addition, a brief introduction to a newly created repository Web site (http://frequencymap.org) for vibrational spectroscopic maps is presented. We anticipate that a combination of the vibrational frequency map approach and state-of-the-art multidimensional vibrational spectroscopy will be one of the most fruitful ways to study the structure and dynamics of chemical, biological, and functional molecular systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R. Baiz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, U.S.A
| | - Bartosz Błasiak
- Department of Physical and Quantum Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jens Bredenbeck
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Minhaeng Cho
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Steven A. Corcelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, U.S.A
| | - Arend G. Dijkstra
- School of Chemistry and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Chi-Jui Feng
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Sean Garrett-Roe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A
| | - Nien-Hui Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, U.S.A
| | - Magnus W. D. Hanson-Heine
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Jonathan D. Hirst
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Thomas L. C. Jansen
- University of Groningen, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kijeong Kwac
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kevin J. Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A
| | - Casey H. Londergan
- Department of Chemistry, Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania 19041, U.S.A
| | - Hiroaki Maekawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, U.S.A
| | - Mike Reppert
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Shinji Saito
- Department of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Santanu Roy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6110, U.S.A
| | - James L. Skinner
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Gerhard Stock
- Biomolecular Dynamics, Institute of Physics, Albert Ludwigs University, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - John E. Straub
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, U.S.A
| | - Megan C. Thielges
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, U.S.A
| | - Keisuke Tominaga
- Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, Nada, Kobe 657-0013, Japan
| | - Andrei Tokmakoff
- Department of Chemistry, James Franck Institute and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A
| | - Hajime Torii
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, and Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Naka-Ku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Institute for Quantitative Biomedicine, Rutgers University, 174 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, U.S.A
| | - Lauren J. Webb
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 105 E. 24th Street, STOP A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, U.S.A
| | - Martin T. Zanni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1396, U.S.A
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9
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Hoffman DJ, Fayer MD. CLS Next Gen: Accurate Frequency–Frequency Correlation Functions from Center Line Slope Analysis of 2D Correlation Spectra Using Artificial Neural Networks. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5979-5992. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael D. Fayer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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10
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Interference among Multiple Vibronic Modes in Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy. MATHEMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/math8020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Vibronic coupling between electronic and vibrational states in molecules plays a critical role in most photo-induced phenomena. Many key details about a molecule’s vibronic coupling are hidden in linear spectroscopic measurements, and therefore nonlinear optical spectroscopy methods such as two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2D ES) have become more broadly adopted. A single vibrational mode of a molecule leads to a Franck–Condon progression of peaks in a 2D spectrum. Each peak oscillates as a function of the waiting time, and Fourier transformation can produce a spectral slice known as a ‘beating map’ at the oscillation frequency. The single vibrational mode produces a characteristic peak structure in the beating map. Studies of single modes have limited utility, however, because most molecules have numerous vibrational modes that couple to the electronic transition. Interactions or interference among the modes may lead to complicated peak patterns in each beating map. Here, we use lineshape-function theory to simulate 2D ES arising from a system having multiple vibrational modes. The simulations reveal that the peaks in each beating map are affected by all of the vibrational modes and therefore do not isolate a single mode, which was anticipated.
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11
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Vibronic coherence evolution in multidimensional ultrafast photochemical processes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5621. [PMID: 31819052 PMCID: PMC6901526 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex choreography of electronic, vibrational, and vibronic couplings used by photoexcited molecules to transfer energy efficiently is remarkable, but an unambiguous description of the temporally evolving vibronic states governing these processes has proven experimentally elusive. We use multidimensional electronic-vibrational spectroscopy to identify specific time-dependent excited state vibronic couplings involving multiple electronic states, high-frequency vibrations, and low-frequency vibrations which participate in ultrafast intersystem crossing and subsequent relaxation of a photoexcited transition metal complex. We discover an excited state vibronic mechanism driving long-lived charge separation consisting of an initial electronically-localized vibrational wavepacket which triggers delocalization onto two charge transfer states after propagating for ~600 femtoseconds. Electronic delocalization consequently occurs through nonadiabatic internal conversion driven by a 50 cm-1 coupling resulting in vibronic coherence transfer lasting for ~1 picosecond. This study showcases the power of multidimensional electronic-vibrational spectroscopy to elucidate complex, non-equilibrium energy and charge transfer mechanisms involving multiple molecular coordinates.
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12
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Eckert PA, Kubarych KJ. Vibrational coherence transfer illuminates dark modes in models of the FeFe hydrogenase active site. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Eckert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kevin J. Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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13
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Song Y, Konar A, Sechrist R, Roy VP, Duan R, Dziurgot J, Policht V, Matutes YA, Kubarych KJ, Ogilvie JP. Multispectral multidimensional spectrometer spanning the ultraviolet to the mid-infrared. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:013108. [PMID: 30709236 DOI: 10.1063/1.5055244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multidimensional spectroscopy is the optical analog to nuclear magnetic resonance, probing dynamical processes with ultrafast time resolution. At optical frequencies, the technical challenges of multidimensional spectroscopy have hindered its progress until recently, where advances in laser sources and pulse-shaping have removed many obstacles to its implementation. Multidimensional spectroscopy in the visible and infrared (IR) regimes has already enabled respective advances in our understanding of photosynthesis and the structural rearrangements of liquid water. A frontier of ultrafast spectroscopy is to extend and combine multidimensional techniques and frequency ranges, which have been largely restricted to operating in the distinct visible or IR regimes. By employing two independent amplifiers seeded by a single oscillator, it is straightforward to span a wide range of time scales (femtoseconds to seconds), all of which are often relevant to the most important energy conversion and catalysis problems in chemistry, physics, and materials science. Complex condensed phase systems have optical transitions spanning the ultraviolet (UV) to the IR and exhibit dynamics relevant to function on time scales of femtoseconds to seconds and beyond. We describe the development of the Multispectral Multidimensional Nonlinear Spectrometer (MMDS) to enable studies of dynamical processes in atomic, molecular, and material systems spanning femtoseconds to seconds, from the UV to the IR regimes. The MMDS employs pulse-shaping methods to provide an easy-to-use instrument with an unprecedented spectral range that enables unique combination spectroscopies. We demonstrate the multispectral capabilities of the MMDS on several model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Song
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Arkaprabha Konar
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Riley Sechrist
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ved Prakash Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Rong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jared Dziurgot
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Veronica Policht
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yassel Acosta Matutes
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer P Ogilvie
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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14
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Kiefer LM, Kubarych KJ. Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy of coordination complexes: From solvent dynamics to photocatalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C. Edington
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Carlos R. Baiz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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16
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Zhang Z, Saurabh P, Dorfman KE, Debnath A, Mukamel S. Monitoring polariton dynamics in the LHCII photosynthetic antenna in a microcavity by two-photon coincidence counting. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:074302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5004432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Prasoon Saurabh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Konstantin E. Dorfman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Arunangshu Debnath
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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17
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Kiefer LM, Kubarych KJ. Solvent exchange in preformed photocatalyst-donor precursor complexes determines efficiency. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1527-1533. [PMID: 29675196 PMCID: PMC5887230 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04533f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In homogeneous photocatalytic reduction of CO2, it is widely assumed that the primary electron transfer from the sacrificial donor to the catalyst is diffusion controlled, thus little attention has been paid to optimizing this step. We present spectroscopic evidence that the precursor complex is preformed, driven by preferential solvation, and two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy reveals triethanolamine (donor)/tetrahydrofuran (solvent) exchange in the photocatalyst's solvation shell, reaching greatest magnitude at the known optimal concentration (∼20% v/v TEOA in THF) for catalytically reducing CO2 to CO. Transient infrared absorption shows the appearance of the singly reduced catalyst on an ultrafast (<70 ps) time scale, consistent with non-diffusion controlled electron transfer within the preformed precursor complex. Identification of preferential catalyst-cosolvent interactions suggests a revised paradigm for the primary electron transfer, while illuminating the pivotal importance of solvent exchange in determining the overall efficiency of the photocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Kiefer
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI 48109 , USA .
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI 48109 , USA .
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18
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Oliver TAA. Recent advances in multidimensional ultrafast spectroscopy. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171425. [PMID: 29410844 PMCID: PMC5792921 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multidimensional ultrafast spectroscopies are one of the premier tools to investigate condensed phase dynamics of biological, chemical and functional nanomaterial systems. As they reach maturity, the variety of frequency domains that can be explored has vastly increased, with experimental techniques capable of correlating excitation and emission frequencies from the terahertz through to the ultraviolet. Some of the most recent innovations also include extreme cross-peak spectroscopies that directly correlate the dynamics of electronic and vibrational states. This review article summarizes the key technological advances that have permitted these recent advances, and the insights gained from new multidimensional spectroscopic probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A. A. Oliver
- School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
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19
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Frostig H, Bayer T, Eldar YC, Silberberg Y. Revealing true coupling strengths in two-dimensional spectroscopy with sparsity-based signal recovery. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2017; 6:e17115. [PMID: 30167224 PMCID: PMC6062022 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2017.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy is used to study the interactions between energy levels in both the field of optics and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Conventionally, the strength of interaction between two levels is inferred from the value of their common off-diagonal peak in the 2D spectrum, which is termed the cross peak. However, stronger diagonal peaks often have long tails that extend into the locations of the cross peaks and alter their values. Here, we introduce a method for retrieving the true interaction strengths by using sparse signal recovery techniques and apply our method in 2D Raman spectroscopy experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Frostig
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tim Bayer
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26129, Germany
| | - Yonina C Eldar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yaron Silberberg
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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20
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Eckert PA, Kubarych KJ. Oxidation-State-Dependent Vibrational Dynamics Probed with 2D-IR. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2896-2902. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Eckert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J. Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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21
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Eckert PA, Kubarych KJ. Dynamic Flexibility of Hydrogenase Active Site Models Studied with 2D-IR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:608-615. [PMID: 28032999 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenase enzymes enable organisms to use H2 as an energy source, having evolved extremely efficient biological catalysts for the reversible oxidation of molecular hydrogen. Small-molecule mimics of these enzymes provide both simplified models of the catalysis reactions and potential artificial catalysts that might be used to facilitate a hydrogen economy. We have studied two diiron hydrogenase mimics, μ-pdt-[Fe(CO)3]2 and μ-edt-[Fe(CO)3]2 (pdt = propanedithiolate, edt = ethanedithiolate), in a series of alkane solvents and have observed significant ultrafast spectral dynamics using two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy. Since solvent fluctuations in nonpolar alkanes do not lead to substantial electrostatic modulations in a solute's vibrational mode frequencies, we attribute the spectral diffusion dynamics to intramolecular flexibility. The intramolecular origin is supported by the absence of any measurable solvent viscosity dependence, indicating that the frequency fluctuations are not coupled to the solvent motional dynamics. Quantum chemical calculations reveal a pronounced coupling between the low-frequency torsional rotation of the carbonyl ligands and the terminal CO stretching vibrations. The flexibility of the CO ligands has been proposed to play a central role in the catalytic reaction mechanism, and our results highlight that the CO ligands are highly flexible on a picosecond time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Eckert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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22
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Rury AS, Sorenson SA, Dawlaty JM. Evidence of Ultrafast Charge Transfer Driven by Coherent Lattice Vibrations. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:181-187. [PMID: 27966984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report evidence that intermolecular vibrations coherently drive charge transfer between the sites of a material on ultrafast time scales. Following a nonresonant stimulated Raman pump pulse that excites the organic material quinhydrone, we observe the initial appearance of oscillations due to intermolecular lattice vibrations and then the delayed appearance of a higher-frequency oscillation that we assign to a totally symmetric intramolecular vibration. We use the coherent dynamics of the transient reflectivity signal to propose that coherence transfer drives excitation of this intramolecular vibration. Furthermore, we conclude that the dynamical frequency shift of the intramolecular vibration reports the formation of a quasi-stable charge-separated state on ultrafast time scales. We calculate model dynamics using the extended Hubbard Hamiltonian to explain coherence transfer due to vibrationally driven charge transfer. These results demonstrate that the coherent excitation of low-frequency vibrations can drive charge transfer in the solid state and control material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S Rury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Shayne A Sorenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jahan M Dawlaty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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23
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Kiefer LM, Kubarych KJ. NOESY-Like 2D-IR Spectroscopy Reveals Non-Gaussian Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:3819-3824. [PMID: 27617482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We have identified an unexpected signature of non-Gaussian dynamics in a conventional 2D IR measurement on a system with rapid intermolecular vibrational energy transfer. In a ternary mixture of the CO2 reduction photocatalyst, ReCl(bpy)(CO)3, NaSCN, and THF solvent, preferential association between the metal carbonyl catalyst and the NaSCN ion pairs facilitates intermolecular energy transfer on a few picoseconds time scale. Monitoring the cross peak between the highest frequency metal carbonyl band and the CN bands of NaSCN contact ion pairs, we find a striking time evolution of the cross-peak position on the detection axis. This frequency shift, which is due to spectral diffusion following intermolecular energy transfer, occurs with a time scale that is distinct from either the donor or acceptor spectral diffusion measured simultaneously. We argue that the energy transfer, a second-order Förster process, effectively increases the dimensionality of the 2D-IR spectroscopy and thus enables sensitivity to non-Gaussian dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Kiefer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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24
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Marroux HJB, Orr-Ewing AJ. Distinguishing Population and Coherence Transfer Pathways in a Metal Dicarbonyl Complex Using Pulse-Shaped Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:4125-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Yang F, Zhao J, Wang J. Two-Dimensional Infrared Study of (13)C-Natural Abundant Vibrational Transition Reveals Intramolecular Vibrational Redistribution Rather than Fluxional Exchange in Mn(CO)5Br. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:1304-11. [PMID: 26836759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b11310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, molecular-symmetry enhanced (13)CO natural abundant isotopic infrared transition was identified in Mn(CO)5Br dissolved in CCl4 by FTIR spectroscopy. Diagonal and associated off-diagonal two-dimensional IR (2D IR) peaks of the (13)CO-species were found to be spectrally separated from the all-(12)CO species, allowing a direct probe of the (13)C natural abundant ensemble. Temperature-dependent FTIR experiment showed no evidence of ligand exchange in the metal carbonyl complex. Intramolecular vibrational redistribution dynamics among the CO stretching vibrational states were extracted using population-time dependent 2D IR diagonal and off-diagonal peaks for both radial mono-(13)CO and all-(12)CO isotopomers. This work demonstrates the potential use of natural abundant isotopic molecular species as a probe for revealing equilibrium and nonequilibrium structural dynamics in condensed-phase molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Molecular Reaction Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Molecular Reaction Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Molecular Reaction Dynamics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
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26
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Oudenhoven TA, Joo Y, Laaser JE, Gopalan P, Zanni MT. Dye aggregation identified by vibrational coupling using 2D IR spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:212449. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4921649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tracey A. Oudenhoven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Yongho Joo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Laaser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Martin T. Zanni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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27
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Nilsen IA, Osborne DG, White AM, Anna JM, Kubarych KJ. Monitoring equilibrium reaction dynamics of a nearly barrierless molecular rotor using ultrafast vibrational echoes. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:134313. [PMID: 25296812 DOI: 10.1063/1.4896536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Using rapidly acquired spectral diffusion, a recently developed variation of heterodyne detected infrared photon echo spectroscopy, we observe ∼3 ps solvent independent spectral diffusion of benzene chromium tricarbonyl (C6H6Cr(CO)3, BCT) in a series of nonpolar linear alkane solvents. The spectral dynamics is attributed to low-barrier internal torsional motion. This tripod complex has two stable minima corresponding to staggered and eclipsed conformations, which differ in energy by roughly half of kBT. The solvent independence is due to the relative size of the rotor compared with the solvent molecules, which create a solvent cage in which torsional motion occurs largely free from solvent damping. Since the one-dimensional transition state is computed to be only 0.03 kBT above the higher energy eclipsed conformation, this model system offers an unusual, nearly barrierless reaction, which nevertheless is characterized by torsional coordinate dependent vibrational frequencies. Hence, by studying the spectral diffusion of the tripod carbonyls, it is possible to gain insight into the fundamental dynamics of internal rotational motion, and we find some evidence for the importance of non-diffusive ballistic motion even in the room-temperature liquid environment. Using several different approaches to describe equilibrium kinetics, as well as the influence of reactive dynamics on spectroscopic observables, we provide evidence that the low-barrier torsional motion of BCT provides an excellent test case for detailed studies of the links between chemical exchange and linear and nonlinear vibrational spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Nilsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Derek G Osborne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Aaron M White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jessica M Anna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kevin J Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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28
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Kiefer LM, King JT, Kubarych KJ. Dynamics of rhenium photocatalysts revealed through ultrafast multidimensional spectroscopy. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:1123-30. [PMID: 25839193 DOI: 10.1021/ar500402r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Rhenium catalysts have shown promise to promote carbon neutrality by reducing a prominent greenhouse gas, CO2, to CO and other starting materials. Much research has focused on identifying intermediates in the photocatalysis mechanism as well as time scales of relevant ultrafast processes. Recent studies have implemented multidimensional spectroscopies to characterize the catalyst's ultrafast dynamics as it undergoes the many steps of its photocycle. Two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy is a powerful method to obtain molecular structure information while extracting time scales of dynamical processes with ultrafast resolution. Many observables result from 2D-IR experiments including vibrational lifetimes, intramolecular redistribution time scales, and, unique to 2D-IR, spectral diffusion, which is highly sensitive to solute-solvent interactions and motional dynamics. Spectral diffusion, a measure of how long a vibrational mode takes to sample its frequency space due to multiple solvent configurations, has various contributing factors. Properties of the solvent, the solute's structural flexibility, and electronic properties, as well as interactions between the solvent and solute, complicate identifying the origin of the spectral diffusion. With carefully chosen experiments, however, the source of the spectral diffusion can be unveiled. Within the context of a considerable body of previous work, here we discuss the spectral diffusion of several rhenium catalysts at multiple stages in the catalysis. These studies were performed in multiple polar liquids to aid in discovering the contributions of the solvent. We also performed electronic ground state 2D-IR and electronic excited state transient-2D-IR experiments to observe how spectral diffusion changes upon electronic excitation. Our results indicate that with the original Lehn catalyst in THF, relative to the ground state, the spectral diffusion slows by a factor of 3 in the equilibrated triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer state. We attribute this slowdown to a decrease in dielectric friction as well as an increase in molecular flexibility. It is possible to partially simulate the charge transfer by altering the electron density moderately by adding electron donating or withdrawing substituents symmetrically to the bipyridine ligand. We find that unlike the significant electronic structure change induced by MLCT, such small substituent effects do not influence the spectral diffusion. A solvent study in THF, DMSO, and CH3CN found there to be an explicit solvent dependence that we can correlate to the solvent donicity, which is a measure of its nucleophilicity. Future studies focused on the solvent effects on spectral diffusion in the crucial photoinitiated state can illuminate the role the solvent plays in the catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Kiefer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University
Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - John T. King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University
Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J. Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University
Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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29
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Description of cross-peaks induced by intermolecular vibrational energy transfer in two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Kiefer LM, Kubarych KJ. Solvent-Dependent Dynamics of a Series of Rhenium Photoactivated Catalysts Measured with Ultrafast 2DIR. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:959-65. [DOI: 10.1021/jp511686p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Kiefer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J. Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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31
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Li J, Deng M, Voronine DV, Mukamel S, Jiang J. Two-dimensional near ultraviolet (2DNUV) spectroscopic probe of structural-dependent exciton dynamics in a protein. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:1314-22. [PMID: 25544569 DOI: 10.1021/jp509314y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the exciton dynamics in biological systems is crucial for the manipulation of their function. We present a combined quantum mechanics (QM) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study that demonstrates how coherent two-dimensional near-ultraviolet (2DNUV) spectra can be used to probe the exciton dynamics in a mini-protein, Trp-cage. The 2DNUV signals originate from aromatic transitions that are significantly affected by the couplings between residues, which determine exciton transport and energy relaxation. The temporal evolution of 2DNUV features captures important protein structural information, including geometric details and peptide orientations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, 230026, China
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32
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Lee C, Son H, Park S. Acid–base equilibrium dynamics in methanol and dimethyl sulfoxide probed by two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:17557-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02368h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy was successfully used to investigate the acid dissociation equilibrium of HN3 in methanol (CH3OH) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Lee
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Korea
| | - Hyewon Son
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Korea
| | - Sungnam Park
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea University
- Seoul 136-701
- Korea
- Multidimensional Spectroscopy Laboratory
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33
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Costard R, Tyborski T, Fingerhut BP. Anharmonicities and coherent vibrational dynamics of phosphate ions in bulk H2O. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:29906-17. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04502a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
2D IR spectroscopy reveals Fermi resonances and long lived quantum beats for phosphate ions in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Costard
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Tobias Tyborski
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Benjamin P. Fingerhut
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
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34
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Delor M, Sazanovich IV, Towrie M, Spall SJ, Keane T, Blake AJ, Wilson C, Meijer AJHM, Weinstein JA. Dynamics of Ground and Excited State Vibrational Relaxation and Energy Transfer in Transition Metal Carbonyls. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:11781-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp506326u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milan Delor
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, STFC, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, STFC, Chilton, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Steven J. Spall
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Theo Keane
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | | | - Claire Wilson
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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35
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Leger JD, Nyby CM, Varner C, Tang J, Rubtsova NI, Yue Y, Kireev VV, Burtsev VD, Qasim LN, Rubtsov GI, Rubtsov IV. Fully automated dual-frequency three-pulse-echo 2DIR spectrometer accessing spectral range from 800 to 4000 wavenumbers. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:083109. [PMID: 25173248 DOI: 10.1063/1.4892480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel dual-frequency two-dimensional infrared instrument is designed and built that permits three-pulse heterodyned echo measurements of any cross-peak within a spectral range from 800 to 4000 cm(-1) to be performed in a fully automated fashion. The superior sensitivity of the instrument is achieved by a combination of spectral interferometry, phase cycling, and closed-loop phase stabilization accurate to ~70 as. The anharmonicity of smaller than 10(-4) cm(-1) was recorded for strong carbonyl stretching modes using 800 laser shot accumulations. The novel design of the phase stabilization scheme permits tuning polarizations of the mid-infrared (m-IR) pulses, thus supporting measurements of the angles between vibrational transition dipoles. The automatic frequency tuning is achieved by implementing beam direction stabilization schemes for each m-IR beam, providing better than 50 μrad beam stability, and novel scheme for setting the phase-matching geometry for the m-IR beams at the sample. The errors in the cross-peak amplitudes associated with imperfect phase matching conditions and alignment are found to be at the level of 20%. The instrument can be used by non-specialists in ultrafast spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Leger
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Clara M Nyby
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Clyde Varner
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Jianan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Natalia I Rubtsova
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Yuankai Yue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Victor V Kireev
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | | | - Layla N Qasim
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Grigory I Rubtsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117312, Russian Federation
| | - Igor V Rubtsov
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
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36
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Chuntonov L, Ma J. Quantum process tomography quantifies coherence transfer dynamics in vibrational exciton. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13631-8. [PMID: 24079417 DOI: 10.1021/jp4075493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantum coherence has been a subject of great interest in many scientific disciplines. However, detailed characterization of the quantum coherence in molecular systems, especially its transfer and relaxation mechanisms, still remains a major challenge. The difficulties arise in part because the spectroscopic signatures of the coherence transfer are typically overwhelmed by other excitation-relaxation processes. We use quantum process tomography (QPT) via two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy to quantify the rate of the elusive coherence transfer between two vibrational exciton states. QPT retrieves the dynamics of the dissipative quantum system directly from the experimental observables. It thus serves as an experimental alternative to theoretical models of the system-bath interaction and can be used to validate these theories. Our results for coupled carbonyl groups of a diketone molecule in chloroform, used as a benchmark system, reveal the nonsecular nature of the interaction between the exciton and the Markovian bath and open the door for the systematic studies of the dissipative quantum systems dynamics in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Chuntonov
- Ultrafast Optical Processes Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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Osborne DG, Dunbar JA, Lapping JG, White AM, Kubarych KJ. Site-specific measurements of lipid membrane interfacial water dynamics with multidimensional infrared spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:15407-14. [PMID: 23931556 DOI: 10.1021/jp4049428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
One route to accessing site-specific dynamical information available with ultrafast multidimensional infrared spectroscopy is the development of robust and versatile vibrational probes. Here we synthesize and characterize a vibrationally labeled cholesterol derivative, (cholesteryl benzoate) chromium tricarbonyl, to probe model lipid membranes, focusing specifically on the membrane-water interface. Utilizing FTIR and polarized-ATR spectroscopies, we determine the location of the chromium tricarbonyl motif to be situated at the water-membrane interface with an orientation of 46 ± 2° relative to the vector normal to the membrane surface. We test the dynamical sensitivity of the (cholesteryl benzoate) chromium tricarbonyl label with two different nonlinear infrared spectroscopy methods, both of which show that the probe is well-suited to the study of membrane dynamics as well as the dynamics of water at the membrane interface. The metal carbonyl vibrational probe located at the surface of a bicelle exhibits spectral diffusion dynamics induced by membrane hydration water that is roughly three times slower than observed using a nearly identical vibrational probe in bulk water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek G Osborne
- Department of Biophysics and Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Chuntonov L, Kuroda DG, Ghosh A, Ma J, Hochstrasser RM. Quantum Beats and Coherence Decay in Degenerate States Split by Solvation. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:1866-1871. [PMID: 23956817 PMCID: PMC3743118 DOI: 10.1021/jz400826a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Coherent dynamics of degenerate quantum states symmetry-broken on the femtosecond timescale is found to exhibit the phenomenon of quantum beats. Frequency-resolved and polarization-selective heterodyned transient grating spectroscopy enabled us to retrieve the oscillation pattern characteristic of the beating in systems undergoing ultrafast dynamical processes. This methodology applies to the general phenomena of coherence dynamics which is important in any ultrafast multidimensional spectroscopy. A particular application to the vibrational spectroscopy of coherence in the degenerate normal modes of the tricyanomethanide anion solvated in water is explored in this study. The relaxation of the cross-polarization transient grating anisotropy is shown to reflect the loss of the vibrational coherence, which is caused by ultrafast dynamics of the water solvation shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Chuntonov
- Corresponding author, , phone: 215-898-8247, fax: 215-898-0590
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Osborne DG, Kubarych KJ. Rapid and Accurate Measurement of the Frequency–Frequency Correlation Function. J Phys Chem A 2012; 117:5891-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp307854f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Derek G. Osborne
- Department of Chemistry, 930
North University Avenue, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Kevin J. Kubarych
- Department of Chemistry, 930
North University Avenue, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Anna JM, Baiz CR, Ross MR, McCanne R, Kubarych KJ. Ultrafast equilibrium and non-equilibrium chemical reaction dynamics probed with multidimensional infrared spectroscopy. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2012.716610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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41
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Zhu J, Mathes T, Stahl AD, Kennis JTM, Groot ML. Ultrafast mid-infrared spectroscopy by chirped pulse upconversion in 1800-1000cm(-1) region. OPTICS EXPRESS 2012; 20:10562-10571. [PMID: 22565682 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.010562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Broadband femtosecond mid-infrared pulses can be converted into the visible spectral region by chirped pulse upconversion. We report here the upconversion of pump probe transient signals in the frequency region below 1800cm(-1), using the nonlinear optical crystal AgGaGeS4, realizing an important expansion of the application range of this method. Experiments were demonstrated with a slab of GaAs, in which the upconverted signals cover a window of 120cm(-1), with 1.5cm(-1) resolution. In experiments on the BLUF photoreceptor Slr1694, signals below 1 milliOD were well resolved after baseline correction. Possibilities for further optimization of the method are discussed. We conclude that this method is an attractive alternative for the traditional MCT arrays used in most mid-infrared pump probe experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Elucidation of the timescales and origins of quantum electronic coherence in LHCII. Nat Chem 2012; 4:389-95. [PMID: 22522259 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms harvest sunlight with near unity quantum efficiency. The complexity of the electronic structure and energy transfer pathways within networks of photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes often obscures the mechanisms behind the efficient light-absorption-to-charge conversion process. Recent experiments, particularly using two-dimensional spectroscopy, have detected long-lived quantum coherence, which theory suggests may contribute to the effectiveness of photosynthetic energy transfer. Here, we present a new, direct method to access coherence signals: a coherence-specific polarization sequence, which isolates the excitonic coherence features from the population signals that usually dominate two-dimensional spectra. With this polarization sequence, we elucidate coherent dynamics and determine the overall measurable lifetime of excitonic coherence in the major light-harvesting complex of photosystem II. Coherence decays on two distinct timescales of 47 fs and ~800 fs. We present theoretical calculations to show that these two timescales are from weakly and moderately strongly coupled pigments, respectively.
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Lee KK, Park KH, Joo C, Kwon HJ, Han H, Ha JH, Park S, Cho M. Ultrafast internal rotational dynamics of the azido group in (4S)-azidoproline: Chemical exchange 2DIR spectroscopic investigations. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abdel-Latif MK, Kühn O. Carbonyl vibrational wave packet circulation in Mn2(CO)10 driven by ultrashort polarized laser pulses. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:084314. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3629776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Baiz CR, Kubarych KJ, Geva E, Sibert EL. Local-mode approach to modeling multidimensional infrared spectra of metal carbonyls. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:5354-63. [PMID: 21545166 DOI: 10.1021/jp201641h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We present a general approach for modeling multidimensional infrared spectra based on a combination of phenomenological fitting and ab initio electronic structure calculations. The vibrational Hamiltonian is written in terms of bilinearly coupled Morse oscillators that represent local carbonyl stretches. This should be contrasted with the previous approach, where the anharmonic Hamiltonian was given in terms of normal-mode coordinates ( Baiz et al. J. Phys. Chem. A 2009 , 113 , 9617 ). The bilinearly coupled Morse oscillator Hamiltonian is parametrized such that the frequencies and couplings are consistent with experiment, and the anharmonicities are computed by density functional theory. The advantages of the local-mode versus normal-mode approaches are discussed, as well as the ability of different density functionals to provide accurate estimates of the model parameters. The applicability and usefulness of the new approach are demonstrated in the context of the recently measured multidimensional infrared spectra of dimanganese decacarbonyl. The shifts in local site frequencies, couplings, and anharmonicities due to hydrogen bonding to the individual carbonyls are explored. It is found that, even though the effect of hydrogen bonding is nonlocal, it is additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Baiz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Baiz CR, Kubarych KJ, Geva E. Molecular theory and simulation of coherence transfer in metal carbonyls and its signature on multidimensional infrared spectra. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:5322-39. [PMID: 21375310 DOI: 10.1021/jp109357d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a general and comprehensive theoretical and computational framework for modeling ultrafast multidimensional infrared spectra of a vibrational excitonic system in liquid solution. Within this framework, we describe the dynamics of the system in terms of a quantum master equation that can account for population relaxation, dephasing, coherence-to-coherence transfer, and coherence-to-population transfer. A unique feature of our approach is that, in principle, it does not rely on any adjustable fitting parameters. More specifically, the anharmonic vibrational Hamiltonian is derived from ab initio electronic structure theory, and the system-bath coupling is expressed explicitly in terms of liquid degrees of freedom whose dynamics can be obtained via molecular dynamics simulations. The applicability of the new approach is demonstrated by employing it to model the recently observed signatures of coherence transfer in the two-dimensional spectra of dimanganese decacarbonyl in liquid cyclohexane. The results agree well with experiment and shed new light on the nature of the molecular interactions and dynamics underlying the spectra and the interplay between dark and bright states, their level of degeneracy, and the nature of their interactions with the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Baiz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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King JT, Anna JM, Kubarych KJ. Solvent-hindered intramolecular vibrational redistribution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:5579-83. [PMID: 21359345 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02138e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations of Mn(2)(CO)(10) in a series of linear alcohols reveal that the rate of intramolecular vibrational redistribution among the terminal carbonyl stretches is dictated by the average number of hydrogen bonds formed between the solute and solvent. The presence of hydrogen bonds was found to hinder vibrational redistribution between eigenstates, while leaving the overall T(1) relaxation rate unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Park S, Ji M. Ultrafast Vibrational Population Transfer Dynamics in 2-Acetylcyclopentanone Studied by 2D IR Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:799-805. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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King JT, Baiz CR, Kubarych KJ. Solvent-dependent spectral diffusion in a hydrogen bonded "vibrational aggregate". J Phys Chem A 2011; 114:10590-604. [PMID: 20831231 DOI: 10.1021/jp106142u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2DIR) is used to measure the viscosity-dependent spectral diffusion of a model vibrational probe, Mn(2)(CO)(10) (dimanganese decacarbonyl, DMDC), in a series of alcohols with time scales ranging from 2.67 ps in methanol to 5.33 ps in 1-hexanol. Alcohol-alkane solvent mixtures were found to produce indistinguishable linear IR spectra, while still demonstrating viscosity-dependent spectral diffusion. Using a vibrational exciton model to characterize the inhomogeneous energy landscape, several analogies emerge with multichromophoric electronic systems, such as J-aggregates and light-harvesting protein complexes. An excitonic, local vibrational mode Hamiltonian parametrized to reproduce the vibrational structure of DMDC serves as a starting point from which site energies (i.e., local carbonyl frequencies) are given Gaussian distributed disorder. The model gives excellent agreement with both the linear IR spectrum and the inhomogeneous widths extracted from 2DIR, indicating the system can be considered to be a "vibrational aggregate." This model naturally leads to exchange narrowing due to disorder-induced exciton localization, producing line widths consistent with our 1D and 2D measurements. Further, the diagonal disorder alone effectively reduces the molecular symmetry, leading to the appearance of Raman bands in the IR spectrum in accord with the measurements. Here, we show that the static inhomogeneity of the excitonic model with disorder successfully captures the essential details of the 1D spectrum while predicting the degree of IR activity of forbidden modes as well as the inhomogeneous widths and relative magnitudes of the transition moments.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Baiz CR, McCanne R, Nee MJ, Kubarych KJ. Orientational dynamics of transient molecules measured by nonequilibrium two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8907-16. [PMID: 19522493 DOI: 10.1021/jp9027595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy is applied to the photodissociation of Mn2(CO)10 to 2 Mn(CO)5 in cyclohexane solution. By varying both the time delay between the 400 nm phototrigger and the 2DIR probe as well as the waiting time in the 2DIR pulse sequence, we directly determine the orientational relaxation of the vibrationally hot photoproduct. The orientational relaxation slows as the photoproduct cools, providing a measure of the transient temperature decay time of 70 +/- 16 ps. We compare the experimental results with molecular dynamics simulations and find near quantitative agreement for equilibrium orientational diffusion time constants but only qualitative agreement for nonequilibrium thermal relaxation. The simulation also shows that the experiment probes an unusual regime of thermal excitation, where the solute is heated while the solvent remains essentially at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos R Baiz
- Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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