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Lushchikova OV, Reichegger J, Kollotzek S, Zappa F, Mahmoodi-Darian M, Bartolomei M, Campos-Martínez J, González-Lezana T, Pirani F, Scheier P. Solvation of cationic copper clusters in molecular hydrogen. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25251-25263. [PMID: 37700714 PMCID: PMC10528801 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03452f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiply charged superfluid helium nanodroplets are utilized to facilitate the growth of cationic copper clusters (Cun+, where n = 1-8) that are subsequently solvated with up to 50 H2 molecules. Production of both pristine and protonated cationic Cu clusters are detected mass spectrometrically. A joint effort between experiment and theory allows us to understand the nature of the interactions determining the bonding between pristine and protonated Cu+ and Cu2+ cations and molecular hydrogen. The analysis reveals that in all investigated cationic clusters, the primary solvation shell predominantly exhibits a covalent bonding character, which gradually decreases in strength, while for the subsequent shells an exclusive non-covalent behaviour is found. Interestingly, the calculated evaporation energies associated with the first solvation shell markedly surpass thermal values, positioning them within the desirable range for hydrogen storage applications. This comprehensive study not only provides insights into the solvation of pristine and protonated cationic Cu clusters but also sheds light on their unique bonding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Lushchikova
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - J Reichegger
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - S Kollotzek
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - F Zappa
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
| | - M Mahmoodi-Darian
- Department of Physics, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - M Bartolomei
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Serrano 123, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - J Campos-Martínez
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Serrano 123, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - T González-Lezana
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Serrano 123, Madrid 28006, Spain.
| | - F Pirani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Universita' di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - P Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, Innsbruck 6020, Austria.
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Tachikawa H. Formation Mechanism of Odd- and Even-Numbered Hydrogen Cluster Cations Using the Direct Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Approach. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8225-8232. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tachikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-8628, Japan
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3
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Kędziera D, Rauhut G, Császár AG. Structure, energetics, and spectroscopy of the chromophores of HHe+n, H 2He+n, and He+n clusters and their deuterated isotopologues. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:12176-12195. [PMID: 35543594 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The linear molecular ions H2He+, HHe+2, and He+3 are the central units (chromophores) of certain He-solvated complexes of the H2He+n, HHe+n, and He+n families, respectively. These are complexes which do exist, according to mass-spectrometry studies, up to very high n values. Apparently, for some of the H2He+n and He+n complexes, the linear symmetric tetratomic H2He+2 and the diatomic He+2 cations, respectively, may also be the central units. In this study, definitive structures, relative energies, zero-point vibrational energies, and (an)harmonic vibrational fundamentals, and, in some cases, overtones and combination bands, are established mostly for the triatomic chromophores. The study is also extended to the deuterated isotopologues D2He+, DHe+2, and D2He+2. To facilitate and improve the electronic-structure computations performed, new atom-centered, fixed-exponent, Gaussian-type basis sets called MAX, with X = T(3), Q(4), P(5), and H(6), are designed for the H and He atoms. The focal-point-analysis (FPA) technique is employed to determine definitive relative energies with tight uncertainties for reactions involving the molecular ions. The FPA results determined include the 0 K proton and deuteron affinities of the 4He atom, 14 875(9) cm-1 [177.95(11) kJ mol-1] and 15 229(8) cm-1 [182.18(10) kJ mol-1], respectively, the dissociation energies of the He+2 → He+ + He, HHe+2 → HHe+ + He, and He+3 → He+2 + He reactions, 19 099(13) cm-1 [228.48(16) kJ mol-1], 3948(7) cm-1 [47.23(8) kJ mol-1], and 1401(12) cm-1 [16.76(14) kJ mol-1], respectively, the dissociation energy of the DHe+2 → DHe+ + He reaction, 4033(6) cm-1 [48.25(7) kJ mol-1], the isomerization energy between the two linear isomers of the [H, He, He]+ system, 3828(40) cm-1 [45.79(48) kJ mol-1], and the dissociation energies of the H2He+ → H+2 + He and the H2He+2 → H2He+ + He reactions, 1789(4) cm-1 [21.40(5) kJ mol-1] and 435(6) cm-1 [5.20(7) kJ mol-1], respectively. The FPA estimates of the first dissociation energy of D2He+ and D2He+2 are 1986(4) cm-1 [23.76(5) kJ mol-1] and 474(5) cm-1 [5.67(6) kJ mol-1], respectively. Determining the vibrational fundamentals of the triatomic chromophores with second-order vibrational perturbation theory (VPT2) and vibrational configuration interaction (VCI) techniques, both built around the Eckart-Watson Hamiltonian, proved unusually challenging. For the species studied, VPT2 has difficulties yielding dependable results, in some cases even for the fundamentals of the H-containing molecular cations, while carefully executed VCI computations yield considerably improved spectroscopic results. In a few cases unusually large anharmonic corrections to the fundamentals, on the order of 15% of the harmonic value, have been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Kędziera
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Guntram Rauhut
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Attila G Császár
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
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4
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González-Lezana T, Echt O, Gatchell M, Bartolomei M, Campos-Martínez J, Scheier P. Solvation of ions in helium. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2020.1794585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás González-Lezana
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas IFF-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Michael Gatchell
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Physics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimiliano Bartolomei
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas IFF-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Campos-Martínez
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas IFF-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Prosmiti R, Valdés Á. The smallest proton-bound dimer H 5+: theoretical progress. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20180396. [PMID: 31378176 PMCID: PMC6710890 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2018.0396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The protonated hydrogen dimer, H5+, is the smallest system including proton transfer, and has been of long-standing interest since its first laboratory observation in 1962. H5+ and its isotopologues are the intermediate complexes in deuterium fractionation reactions, and are of central importance in molecular astrophysics. The recently recorded infrared spectra of both H5+ and D5+ reveal a rich vibrational dynamics of the cations, which presents a challenge for standard theoretical approaches. Although H5+ is a four-electron ion, which makes highly accurate electronic structure calculations tractable, the construction of ab initio-based potential energy and dipole moment surfaces has proved a hard task. In the same vein, the difficulties in treating the nuclear motion could also become cumbersome due to their high dimensionality, floppiness and/or symmetry. These systems are prototypical examples for studying large-amplitude motions, as they are highly delocalized, interconverting between equivalent minima through internal rotation and proton transfer motions requiring state-of-the-art treatments. Recent advances in the computational vibrational spectroscopy of the H5+ cation and its isotopologues are reported from full quantum spectral simulations, providing important information in a rigorous manner, and open perspectives for further future investigations. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Advances in hydrogen molecular ions: H3+, H5+ and beyond'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Prosmiti
- Departamento PAMS, Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF-CSIC), CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Valdés
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 26, Cra 39, Edificio 404, Bogotá, Colombia
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6
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Császár AG, Szidarovszky T, Asvany O, Schlemmer S. Fingerprints of microscopic superfluidity in HHe n+ clusters. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1585984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila G. Császár
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szidarovszky
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
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7
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McDonald DC, Wagner JP, Duncan MA. Communication: Infrared photodissociation spectroscopy of the H 6+ cation in the gas phase. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:031105. [PMID: 30037249 DOI: 10.1063/1.5043425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The H6+ cation was generated in a pulsed-discharge supersonic expansion of hydrogen and mass-selected in a time-of-flight spectrometer. Its vibrational spectrum was measured in the region of 2050-4550 cm-1 using infrared photodissociation with a tunable OPO/OPA laser system. The H6+ photodissociates, producing H5+, H4+, and H3+ fragments; each of these fragment channels has a different spectrum. Computational studies identify two low-lying isomers described in previous work, whose energies were evaluated at the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//MP2/cc-pVTZ level of theory. A D2d species having an H2+ cation bridging between two perpendicular H2 molecules is the global minimum structure. A Cs structure with an H3+ core ion bound to both H2 and an H atom lies 4.0 kcal mol-1 higher in energy. Anharmonic vibrational spectra were computed for each of these isomers with second-order vibrational perturbation theory (VPT2) in combination with density functional theory at the B2PLYP/cc-pVTZ level. The comparison between experimental and predicted spectra confirms the presence of both the D2d and Cs structures and explains the spectra in different fragmentation channels. Although we find reasonable agreement between the experiment and the spectra predicted by VPT2 computations, a more sophisticated computational approach is needed to better understand this complex system.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - J Philipp Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - Michael A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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8
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Renzler M, Kuhn M, Mauracher A, Lindinger A, Scheier P, Ellis AM. Anionic Hydrogen Cluster Ions as a New Form of Condensed Hydrogen. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:273001. [PMID: 28084770 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.273001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the first experimental observation of negatively charged hydrogen and deuterium cluster ions, H_{n}^{-} and D_{n}^{-}, where n≥5. These anions are formed by an electron addition to liquid helium nanodroplets doped with molecular hydrogen or deuterium. The ions are stable for at least the lifetime of the experiment, which is several tens of microseconds. Only anions with odd values of n are detected, and some specific ions show anomalously high abundances. The sizes of these "magic number" ions suggest an icosahedral framework of H_{2} (D_{2}) molecules in solvent shells around a central H^{-} (D^{-}) ion. The first three shells, which contain a total of 44 H_{2} or D_{2} molecules, appear to be solidlike, but thereafter a more liquidlike arrangement of the H_{2} (D_{2}) molecules is adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Renzler
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Kuhn
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Mauracher
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Albrecht Lindinger
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andrew M Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
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9
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Renzler M, Ralser S, Kranabetter L, Barwa E, Scheier P, Ellis AM. Observation of stable HO4(+) and DO4(+) ions from ion-molecule reactions in helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:13169-72. [PMID: 27140863 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01895e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ion-molecule reactions between clusters of H2/D2 and O2 in liquid helium nanodroplets were initiated by electron-induced ionization (at 70 eV). Reaction products were detected by mass spectrometry and can be explained by a primary reaction channel involving proton transfer from H3(+) or H3(+)(H2)n clusters and their deuterated equivalents. Very little HO2(+) is seen from the reaction of H3(+) with O2, which is attributed to an efficient secondary reaction between HO2(+) and H2. On the other hand HO4(+) is the most abundant product from the reaction of H3(+) with oxygen dimer, (O2)2. The experimental data suggest that HO4(+) is a particularly stable ion and this is consistent with recent theoretical studies of this ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Renzler
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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10
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11
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Barragán P, Pérez de Tudela R, Qu C, Prosmiti R, Bowman JM. Full-dimensional quantum calculations of the dissociation energy, zero-point, and 10 K properties of H7+/D7+ clusters using an ab initio potential energy surface. J Chem Phys 2014; 139:024308. [PMID: 23862944 DOI: 10.1063/1.4812557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) and path-integral Monte Carlo computations of the vibrational ground state and 10 K equilibrium state properties of the H7 (+)/D7 (+) cations are presented, using an ab initio full-dimensional potential energy surface. The DMC zero-point energies of dissociated fragments H5 (+)(D5 (+))+H2(D2) are also calculated and from these results and the electronic dissociation energy, dissociation energies, D0, of 752 ± 15 and 980 ± 14 cm(-1) are reported for H7 (+) and D7 (+), respectively. Due to the known error in the electronic dissociation energy of the potential surface, these quantities are underestimated by roughly 65 cm(-1). These values are rigorously determined for first time, and compared with previous theoretical estimates from electronic structure calculations using standard harmonic analysis, and available experimental measurements. Probability density distributions are also computed for the ground vibrational and 10 K state of H7 (+) and D7 (+). These are qualitatively described as a central H3 (+)/D3 (+) core surrounded by "solvent" H2/D2 molecules that nearly freely rotate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Barragán
- Instituto de Física Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Tolbatov I, Bartl P, Yurkovich J, Scheier P, Chipman DM, Denifl S, Ptasinska S. Monocarbon cationic cluster yields from N2/CH4 mixtures embedded in He nanodroplets and their calculated binding energies. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:034316. [PMID: 25669388 DOI: 10.1063/1.4861663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of monocarbon cluster ions has been investigated by electron ionization mass spectrometry of cold helium nanodroplets doped with nitrogen/methane mixtures. Ion yields for two groups of clusters, CHmN2(+) or CHmN4(+), were determined for mixtures with different molecular ratios of CH4. The possible geometrical structures of these clusters were analyzed using electronic structure computations. Little correlation between the ion yields and the associated binding energies has been observed indicating that in most cases kinetic control is more important than thermodynamic control for forming the clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iogann Tolbatov
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Peter Bartl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - James Yurkovich
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel M Chipman
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Stephan Denifl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sylwia Ptasinska
- Radiation Laboratory, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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13
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Sanz-Sanz C, Roncero O, Paniagua M, Aguado A. Full dimensional potential energy surface for the ground state of H4+ system based on triatomic-in-molecules formalism. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:184302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4827640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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14
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Kaiser A, Leidlmair C, Bartl P, Zöttl S, Denifl S, Mauracher A, Probst M, Scheier P, Echt O. Adsorption of hydrogen on neutral and charged fullerene: experiment and theory. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:074311. [PMID: 23445013 DOI: 10.1063/1.4790403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium droplets are doped with fullerenes (either C60 or C70) and hydrogen (H2 or D2) and investigated by high-resolution mass spectrometry. In addition to pure helium and hydrogen cluster ions, hydrogen-fullerene complexes are observed upon electron ionization. The composition of the main ion series is (H2)(n)HC(m)(+) where m = 60 or 70. Another series of even-numbered ions, (H2)(n)C(m)(+), is slightly weaker in stark contrast to pure hydrogen cluster ions for which the even-numbered series (H2)(n)(+) is barely detectable. The ion series (H2)(n)HC(m)(+) and (H2)(n)C(m)(+) exhibit abrupt drops in ion abundance at n = 32 for C60 and 37 for C70, indicating formation of an energetically favorable commensurate phase, with each face of the fullerene ion being covered by one adsorbate molecule. However, the first solvation layer is not complete until a total of 49 H2 are adsorbed on C60(+); the corresponding value for C70(+) is 51. Surprisingly, these values do not exhibit a hydrogen-deuterium isotope effect even though the isotope effect for H2/D2 adsorbates on graphite exceeds 6%. We also observe doubly charged fullerene-deuterium clusters; they, too, exhibit abrupt drops in ion abundance at n = 32 and 37 for C60 and C70, respectively. The findings imply that the charge is localized on the fullerene, stabilizing the system against charge separation. Density functional calculations for C60-hydrogen complexes with up to five hydrogen atoms provide insight into the experimental findings and the structure of the ions. The binding energy of physisorbed H2 is 57 meV for H2C60(+) and (H2)2C60(+), and slightly above 70 meV for H2HC60(+) and (H2)2HC60(+). The lone hydrogen in the odd-numbered complexes is covalently bound atop a carbon atom but a large barrier of 1.69 eV impedes chemisorption of the H2 molecules. Calculations for neutral and doubly charged complexes are presented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaiser
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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15
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Bartl P, Leidlmair C, Denifl S, Scheier P, Echt O. Cationic complexes of hydrogen with helium. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:227-32. [PMID: 23090688 PMCID: PMC3555426 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution mass spectra of helium nanodroplets doped with hydrogen or deuterium reveal that copious amounts of helium can be bound to H(+), H(2)(+), H(3)(+), and larger hydrogen-cluster ions. All conceivable He(n)H(x)(+) stoichiometries are identified if their mass is below the limit of ≈120 u set by the resolution of the spectrometer. Anomalies in the ion yields of He(n)H(x)(+) for x=1, 2, or 3, and n≤30 reveal particularly stable cluster ions. Our results for He(n)H(1)(+) are consistent with conclusions drawn from previous experimental and theoretical studies which were limited to smaller cluster ions. The He(n)H(3)(+) series exhibits a pronounced anomaly at n=12 which was outside the reliable range of earlier experiments. Contrary to findings reported for other diatomic dopant molecules, the monomer ion (i.e. H(2)(+)) retains helium with much greater efficiency than hydrogen-cluster ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bartl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Christian Leidlmair
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Stephan Denifl
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Paul Scheier
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
| | - Olof Echt
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität InnsbruckTechnikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck (Austria)
- Department of Physics, University of New HampshireDurham, NH 03824 (USA)
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16
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Lutkenhoff E, Karlsgodt KH, Gutman B, Stein JL, Thompson PM, Cannon TD, Jentsch JD. Structural and functional neuroimaging phenotypes in dysbindin mutant mice. Neuroimage 2012; 62:120-9. [PMID: 22584233 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder that is associated with a number of structural and functional neurophenotypes. DTNBP1, the gene encoding dysbindin-1, is a promising candidate gene for schizophrenia. Use of a mouse model carrying a large genomic deletion exclusively within the dysbindin gene permits a direct investigation of the gene in isolation. Here, we use manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) to explore the regional alterations in brain structure and function caused by loss of the gene encoding dysbindin-1. We report novel findings that uniquely inform our understanding of the relationship of dysbindin-1 to known schizophrenia phenotypes. First, in mutant mice, analysis of the rate of manganese uptake into the brain over a 24-hour period, putatively indexing basal cellular activity, revealed differences in dopamine rich brain regions, as well as in CA1 and dentate subregions of the hippocampus formation. Finally, novel tensor-based morphometry techniques were applied to the mouse MRI data, providing evidence for structural volume deficits in cortical regions, subiculum and dentate gyrus, and the striatum of dysbindin mutant mice. The affected cortical regions were primarily localized to the sensory cortices in particular the auditory cortex. This work represents the first application of manganese-enhanced small animal imaging to a mouse model of schizophrenia endophenotypes, and a novel combination of functional and structural measures. It revealed both hypothesized and novel structural and functional neural alterations related to dysbindin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Lutkenhoff
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Ferreira da Silva F, Ptasińska S, Denifl S, Gschliesser D, Postler J, Matias C, Märk TD, Limão-Vieira P, Scheier P. Electron interaction with nitromethane embedded in helium droplets: attachment and ionization measurements. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:174504. [PMID: 22070303 DOI: 10.1063/1.3656680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Results of a detailed study on electron interactions with nitromethane (CH(3)NO(2)) embedded in helium nanodroplets are reported. Anionic and cationic products formed are analysed by mass spectrometry. When the doped helium droplets are irradiated with low-energy electrons of about 2 eV kinetic energy, exclusively parent cluster anions (CH(3)NO(2))(n)(-) are formed. At 8.5 eV, three anion cluster series are observed, i.e., (CH(3)NO(2))(n)(-), [(CH(3)NO(2))(n)-H](-), and (CH(3)NO(2))(n)NO(2)(-), the latter being the most abundant. The results obtained for anions are compared with previous electron attachment studies with bare nitromethane and nitromethane condensed on a surface. The cation chemistry (induced by electron ionization of the helium matrix at 70 eV and subsequent charge transfer from He(+) to the dopant cluster) is dominated by production of methylated and protonated nitromethane clusters, (CH(3)NO(2))(n)CH(3)(+) and (CH(3)NO(2))(n)H(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ferreira da Silva
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Centre of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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18
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Leidlmair C, Bartl P, Schöbel H, Denifl S, Yang S, Ellis AM, Scheier P. Ionization of Methane Clusters in Helium Nanodroplets. Chemphyschem 2011; 13:469-76. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ferreira da Silva F, Jaksch S, Martins G, Dang HM, Dampc M, Denifl S, Märk TD, Limão-Vieira P, Liu J, Yang S, Ellis AM, Scheier P. Electron attachment and electron ionization of acetic acid clusters embedded in helium nanodroplets. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:11631-7. [PMID: 20024436 DOI: 10.1039/b918210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of incident electrons on acetic acid clusters is explored for the first time. The acetic acid clusters are formed inside liquid helium nanodroplets and both cationic and anionic products ejected into the gas phase are detected by mass spectrometry. The cation chemistry (induced by electron ionization at 100 eV) is dominated by production of protonated acetic acid (Ac) clusters, Ac(n)H(+), although some fragmentation is also observed. In the case of anion production (at 2.8 eV electron energy) there is a clear distinction between the monomer and the clusters. For the monomer the dominant product is the dehydrogenated species, [Ac-H](-), whereas for the clusters both the parent anion, Ac(n)(-), and the dehydrogenated species, [Ac(n)-H](-), have similar abundances. A particularly intriguing contrast between the monomer and cluster anions is that helium atoms are seen attached to the latter whereas no evidence of helium atom attachment is found for the monomer. This surprising observation is attributed to the formation of acyclic (head-to-tail) acetic acid clusters in helium nanodroplets, which have more favourable electronic properties for binding helium atoms. The acyclic clusters represent a local minimum on the potential energy surface and in the case of the dimer this is distinct from the cyclic isomer (the global minimum) identified in gas phase experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ferreira da Silva
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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20
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Hao Q, Simmonett AC, Yamaguchi Y, Fang DC, Schaefer HF. Structures and Energetics of H6+ Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:13608-20. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905928u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Hao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China, and Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Andrew C. Simmonett
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China, and Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Yukio Yamaguchi
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China, and Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - De-Cai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China, and Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Henry F. Schaefer
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China, and Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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