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Abdulkarim A, Nathusius M, Bäuerle R, Strunk KP, Beck S, Räder HJ, Pucci A, Melzer C, Jänsch D, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF, Müllen K. Beyond p-Hexaphenylenes: Synthesis of Unsubstituted p-Nonaphenylene by a Precursor Protocol. Chemistry 2021; 27:281-288. [PMID: 32786130 PMCID: PMC7839583 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of unsubstituted oligo‐para‐phenylenes (OPP) exceeding para‐hexaphenylene—in the literature often referred to as p‐sexiphenyl—has long remained elusive due to their insolubility. We report the first preparation of unsubstituted para‐nonaphenylenes (9PPs) by extending our precursor route to poly‐para‐phenylenes (PPP) to a discrete oligomer. Two geometric isomers of methoxylated syn‐ and anti‐cyclohexadienylenes were synthesized, from which 9PP was obtained via thermal aromatization in thin films. 9PP was characterized via optical, infrared and solid‐state 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as atomic force microscopy and mass spectrometry, and compared to polymeric analogues. Due to the lack of substitution, para‐nonaphenylene, irrespective of the precursor isomer employed, displays pronounced aggregation in the solid state. Intermolecular excitonic coupling leads to formation of H‐type aggregates, red‐shifting emission of the films to greenish. 9PP allows to study the structure–property relationship of para‐phenylene oligomers and polymers, especially since the optical properties of PPP depend on the molecular shape of the precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdulkarim
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marvin Nathusius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rainer Bäuerle
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Philipp Strunk
- Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beck
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans Joachim Räder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annemarie Pucci
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Melzer
- InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Jänsch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,InnovationLab, Speyerer Str. 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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