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Grussie F, O'Connor AP, Grieser M, Müll D, Znotins A, Urbain X, Kreckel H. An ion-atom merged beams setup at the Cryogenic Storage Ring. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:053305. [PMID: 35649784 DOI: 10.1063/5.0086391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We describe a merged beams experiment to study ion-neutral collisions at the Cryogenic Storage Ring of the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. We produce fast beams of neutral atoms in their ground term at kinetic energies between 10 and 300 keV by laser photodetachment of negative ions. The neutral atoms are injected along one of the straight sections of the storage ring, where they can react with stored molecular ions. Several dedicated detectors have been installed to detect charged reaction products of various product-to-reactant mass ranges. The relative collision energy can be tuned by changing the kinetic energy of the neutral beam in an independent drift tube. We give a detailed description of the setup and its capabilities, and present proof-of-principle measurements on the reaction of neutral C atoms with D2 + ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Grussie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A P O'Connor
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Grieser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Müll
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Znotins
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B 1348, Belgium
| | - H Kreckel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Hassan SZ, Tauch J, Kas M, Nötzold M, Wester R, Weidemüller M. Quantum state-dependent anion-neutral detachment processes. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:094304. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0082734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Zia Hassan
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg Physikalisches Institut, Germany
| | - Jonas Tauch
- Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg Physikalisches Institut, Germany
| | - Milaim Kas
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Germany
| | | | - Roland Wester
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, Universität Innsbruck Fakultät für Mathematik Informatik und Physik, Austria
| | - Matthias Weidemüller
- Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Germany
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3
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Bowen KP, Hillenbrand PM, Liévin J, Savin DW, Urbain X. Dynamics of the isotope exchange reaction of D with H 3 +, H 2D +, and D 2H . J Chem Phys 2021; 154:084307. [PMID: 33639774 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have measured the merged-beams rate coefficient for the titular isotope exchange reactions as a function of the relative collision energy in the range of ∼3 meV-10 eV. The results appear to scale with the number of available sites for deuteration. We have performed extensive theoretical calculations to characterize the zero-point energy corrected reaction path. Vibrationally adiabatic minimum energy paths were obtained using a combination of unrestricted quadratic configuration interaction of single and double excitations and internally contracted multireference configuration interaction calculations. The resulting barrier height, ranging from 68 meV to 89 meV, together with the various asymptotes that may be reached in the collision, was used in a classical over-the-barrier model. All competing endoergic reaction channels were taken into account using a flux reduction factor. This model reproduces all three experimental sets quite satisfactorily. In order to generate thermal rate coefficients down to 10 K, the internal excitation energy distribution of each H3 + isotopologue is evaluated level by level using available line lists and accurate spectroscopic parameters. Tunneling is accounted for by a direct inclusion of the exact quantum tunneling probability in the evaluation of the cross section. We derive a thermal rate coefficient of <1×10-12 cm3 s-1 for temperatures below 44 K, 86 K, and 139 K for the reaction of D with H3 +, H2D+, and D2H+, respectively, with tunneling effects included. The derived thermal rate coefficients exceed the ring polymer molecular dynamics prediction of Bulut et al. [J. Phys. Chem. A 123, 8766 (2019)] at all temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Bowen
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - P-M Hillenbrand
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Liévin
- Spectroscopy, Quantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote Sensing (SQUARES), Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D W Savin
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - X Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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4
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Shahi A, Singh R, Ossia Y, Zajfman D, Heber O, Strasser D. Hybrid electrostatic ion beam trap (HEIBT): Design and simulation of ion-ion, ion-neutral, and ion-laser interactions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:113308. [PMID: 31779381 DOI: 10.1063/1.5114908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Using dichroic electrostatic mirrors, which can reflect a fast ion beam while transmitting a counterion beam, allows extending the field of electrostatic ion trapping. We present the design and simulations of a hybrid electrostatic ion beam trap that allows simultaneous trapping of velocity matched cation and anion beams. The possible merged beam ion-ion, ion-neutral, and ion-laser experiments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shahi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Raj Singh
- Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yonatan Ossia
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Daniel Zajfman
- Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Oded Heber
- Department of Particle Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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5
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Experimental and Theoretical Studies of the Isotope Exchange Reaction ${\rm{D}}+{{\rm{H}}}_{3}^{+}\to {{\rm{H}}}_{2}{{\rm{D}}}^{+}+{\rm{H}}$. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab16dc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Bresteau D, Blondel C, Drag C. Saturation of the photoneutralization of a H - beam in continuous operation. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:113103. [PMID: 29195388 DOI: 10.1063/1.4995390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented, greater than 50%, photodetachment rate is obtained on a H- beam in the continuous regime. The key element of the experimental setup is a medium-finesse optical cavity, suspended around the anion beam, which makes it possible to recycle the photon flux in the interaction region, at the crossing between the anion and laser beams. The cavity is injected by a narrow-linewidth ytterbium-doped fibre laser, at the wavelength 1064 nm. The light power stored in the cavity is about 14 kW for 24 W of input light power. Similar greater-than-50% photo-neutralization efficiencies can be contemplated for beams with kinetic energies much larger than 1.2 keV of the presently used H- beam, given the fact that the stored light power can be increased, for larger beam diameters, by several orders of magnitude. The technique can thus be relied on to design novel D0 injectors, for fusion reactors, with a much better efficiency than the molecular-collision based injectors presently developed for ITER. It can also be applied to the production of neutral beams of any species that can be conveniently prepared in the form of an anion beam, provided that efficient light power storage can be achieved for the corresponding photodetachment wavelength.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bresteau
- Laboratoire Aimé-Cotton, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - C Blondel
- Laboratoire Aimé-Cotton, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - C Drag
- Laboratoire Aimé-Cotton, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay Cedex, France
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7
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine Walsh
- Leiden
Observatory, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
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9
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O'Connor AP, Grussie F, Bruhns H, de Ruette N, Koenning TP, Miller KA, Savin DW, Stützel J, Urbain X, Kreckel H. Generation of neutral atomic beams utilizing photodetachment by high power diode laser stacks. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:113306. [PMID: 26628128 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of high power diode laser stacks to photodetach fast hydrogen and carbon anions and produce ground term neutral atomic beams. We achieve photodetachment efficiencies of ∼7.4% for H(-) at a beam energy of 10 keV and ∼3.7% for C(-) at 28 keV. The diode laser systems used here operate at 975 nm and 808 nm, respectively, and provide high continuous power levels of up to 2 kW, without the need of additional enhancements like optical cavities. The alignment of the beams is straightforward and operation at constant power levels is very stable, while maintenance is minimal. We present a dedicated photodetachment setup that is suitable to efficiently neutralize the majority of stable negative ions in the periodic table.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P O'Connor
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Grussie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Bruhns
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - N de Ruette
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - T P Koenning
- Dilas Diode Laser, Inc., Tucson, Arizona 85715, USA
| | - K A Miller
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - D W Savin
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Stützel
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - X Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - H Kreckel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
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Schlösser M, Rudnev V, González Ureña Á. Radio-frequency ion deflector for mass separation. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:103302. [PMID: 26520948 DOI: 10.1063/1.4934201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic cylindrical deflectors act as energy analyzer for ion beams. In this article, we present that by imposing of a radio-frequency modulation on the deflecting electric field, the ion transmission becomes mass dependent. By the choice of the appropriate frequency, amplitude, and phase, the deflector can be used as mass filter. The basic concept of the new instrument as well as simple mathematic relations are described. These calculations and further numerical simulations show that a mass sensitivity is achievable. Furthermore, we demonstrate the proof-of-principle in experimental measurements, compare the results to those of from a 1 m linear time-of-flight spectrometer, and comment on the mass resolution of the method. Finally, some potential applications are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Schlösser
- Unidad de Láseres y Haces Moleculares, Instituto Plurisdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Vitaly Rudnev
- Unidad de Láseres y Haces Moleculares, Instituto Plurisdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ángel González Ureña
- Unidad de Láseres y Haces Moleculares, Instituto Plurisdisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Savin DW, Brickhouse NS, Cowan JJ, Drake RP, Federman SR, Ferland GJ, Frank A, Gudipati MS, Haxton WC, Herbst E, Profumo S, Salama F, Ziurys LM, Zweibel EG. The impact of recent advances in laboratory astrophysics on our understanding of the cosmos. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2012; 75:036901. [PMID: 22790424 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/75/3/036901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An emerging theme in modern astrophysics is the connection between astronomical observations and the underlying physical phenomena that drive our cosmos. Both the mechanisms responsible for the observed astrophysical phenomena and the tools used to probe such phenomena-the radiation and particle spectra we observe-have their roots in atomic, molecular, condensed matter, plasma, nuclear and particle physics. Chemistry is implicitly included in both molecular and condensed matter physics. This connection is the theme of the present report, which provides a broad, though non-exhaustive, overview of progress in our understanding of the cosmos resulting from recent theoretical and experimental advances in what is commonly called laboratory astrophysics. This work, carried out by a diverse community of laboratory astrophysicists, is increasingly important as astrophysics transitions into an era of precise measurement and high fidelity modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Savin
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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13
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Mikosch J, Weidemüller M, Wester R. On the dynamics of chemical reactions of negative ions. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2010.519504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Kreckel H, Bruhns H, Čížek M, Glover SCO, Miller KA, Urbain X, Savin DW. Experimental Results for H
2
Formation from H
−
and H and Implications for First Star Formation. Science 2010; 329:69-71. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1187191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Kreckel
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - H. Bruhns
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - M. Čížek
- Charles University Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, 180 00 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - S. C. O. Glover
- Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K. A. Miller
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - X. Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - D. W. Savin
- Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Kreckel H, Bruhns H, Miller KA, Wåhlin E, Davis A, Höckh S, Savin DW. A simple double-focusing electrostatic ion beam deflector. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:063304. [PMID: 20590234 DOI: 10.1063/1.3433485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We have developed an electrostatic, double-focusing 90 degrees deflector for fast ion beams consisting of concentric cylindrical plates of differing heights. In contrast to standard cylindrical deflectors, our design allows for focusing of an incoming parallel beam not only in the plane of deflection but also in the orthogonal direction. The optical properties of our design resemble those of a spherical capacitor deflector while it is much easier and more cost effective to manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kreckel
- Columbia University, 550 West 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, USA.
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