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Silva WGDP, Bonah L, Schmid PC, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Hyperfine-resolved rotational spectroscopy of HCNH. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:071101. [PMID: 38364002 DOI: 10.1063/5.0185365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The rotational spectrum of the molecular ion HCNH+ is revisited using double-resonance spectroscopy in an ion trap apparatus, with six transitions measured between 74 and 445 GHz. Due to the cryogenic temperature of the trap, the hyperfine splittings caused by the 14N quadrupolar nucleus were resolved for transitions up to J = 4 ← 3, allowing for a refinement of the spectroscopic parameters previously reported, especially the quadrupole coupling constant eQq.
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2
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Thorwirth S, Steenbakkers K, Danowski T, Schmid PC, Bonah L, Asvany O, Brünken S, Schlemmer S. Gas-Phase Infrared Action Spectroscopy of CH 2Cl + and CH 3ClH +: Likely Protagonists in Chlorine Astrochemistry. Molecules 2024; 29:665. [PMID: 38338409 PMCID: PMC10856563 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Two fundamental halocarbon ions, CH2Cl+ and CH3ClH+, were studied in the gas phase using the FELion 22-pole ion trap apparatus and the Free Electron Laser for Infrared eXperiments (FELIX) at Radboud University, Nijmegen (the Netherlands). The vibrational bands of a total of four isotopologs, CH235,37Cl+ and CH335,37ClH+, were observed in selected wavenumber regions between 500 and 2900 cm-1 and then spectroscopically assigned based on the results of anharmonic force field calculations performed at the CCSD(T) level of theory. As the infrared photodissociation spectroscopy scheme employed probes singly Ne-tagged weakly bound complexes, complementary quantum-chemical calculations of selected species were also performed. The impact of tagging on the vibrational spectra of CH2Cl+ and CH3ClH+ is found to be virtually negligible for most bands; for CH3ClH+-Ne, the observations suggest a proton-bound structural arrangement. The experimental band positions as well as the best estimate rotational molecular parameters given in this work provide a solid basis for future spectroscopic studies at high spectral resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Thorwirth
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln Zülpicher, Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany; (T.D.); (P.C.S.); (L.B.); (O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Kim Steenbakkers
- FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Timon Danowski
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln Zülpicher, Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany; (T.D.); (P.C.S.); (L.B.); (O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Philipp C. Schmid
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln Zülpicher, Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany; (T.D.); (P.C.S.); (L.B.); (O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Luis Bonah
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln Zülpicher, Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany; (T.D.); (P.C.S.); (L.B.); (O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln Zülpicher, Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany; (T.D.); (P.C.S.); (L.B.); (O.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Sandra Brünken
- FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln Zülpicher, Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany; (T.D.); (P.C.S.); (L.B.); (O.A.); (S.S.)
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3
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Steenbakkers K, van Boxtel T, Groenenboom GC, Asvany O, Redlich B, Schlemmer S, Brünken S. Leak-out spectroscopy as alternative method to rare-gas tagging for the Renner-Teller perturbed HCCH + and DCCD + ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2692-2703. [PMID: 38175663 PMCID: PMC10793980 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04989b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Infrared messenger-tagging predissociation action spectroscopy (IRPD) is a well-established technique to record vibrational spectra of reactive molecular ions. One of its major drawbacks is that the spectrum of the messenger-ion complex is taken instead of that of the bare ion. In particular for small open-shell species, such as the Renner-Teller (RT) affected HCCH+ and DCCD+, the attachment of the tag may have a significant impact on the spectral features. Here we present the application of the novel leak-out spectroscopy (LOS) as a tag-free method to record the cis-bending of the HCCH+ (∼700 cm-1) and DCCD+ cations (∼520 cm-1), using a cryogenic ion trap end user station at the FELIX laboratory. We demonstrate that the obtained LOS spectrum is equivalent to a previously recorded laser-induced reactions (LIR) spectrum of HCCH+. The bending modes are the energetically lowest-lying vibrational modes targeted with LOS so far, showing its potential as a universal broadband spectroscopic technique. Furthermore, we have investigated the effect of the rare gas attachment by recording the vibrational spectra of Ne- and Ar-tagged HCCH+. We found that the Ne-attachment led to a shift in band positions and change in relative intensities, while the Ar-attachment even led to a complete quenching of the RT splitting, showing the importance of using a tag-free method for RT affected systems. The results are interpreted with the help of high-level ab initio calculations in combination with an effective Hamiltonian approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Steenbakkers
- Radboud University, FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom van Boxtel
- Radboud University, FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerrit C Groenenboom
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Britta Redlich
- Radboud University, FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Sandra Brünken
- Radboud University, FELIX Laboratory, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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4
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Gupta D, Silva WGDP, Doménech JL, Plaar E, Thorwirth S, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. High-resolution rovibrational and rotational spectroscopy of the singly deuterated cyclopropenyl cation, c-C 3H 2D . Faraday Discuss 2023; 245:298-308. [PMID: 37313855 PMCID: PMC10510037 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Applying a novel action spectroscopic technique in a 4 K cryogenic ion-trap instrument, the molecule c-C3H2D+ has been investigated by high-resolution rovibrational and pure rotational spectroscopy for the first time. In total, 126 rovibrational transitions within the fundamental band of the ν1 symmetric C-H stretch were measured with a band origin centred at 3168.565 cm-1, which were used to predict pure rotational transition frequencies in the ground vibrational state. Based on these predictions, 16 rotational transitions were observed between 90 and 230 GHz by using a double-resonance scheme. These new measurements will enable the first radio-astronomical search for c-C3H2D+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divita Gupta
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Weslley G D P Silva
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - José L Doménech
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, IEM-CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eline Plaar
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Sven Thorwirth
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
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5
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Banhatti S, Rap DB, Simon A, Leboucher H, Wenzel G, Joblin C, Redlich B, Schlemmer S, Brünken S. Formation of the acenaphthylene cation as a common C 2H 2-loss fragment in dissociative ionization of the PAH isomers anthracene and phenanthrene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:27343-27354. [PMID: 36326610 PMCID: PMC9673687 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03835h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are thought to be a major constituent of astrophysical environments, being the carriers of the ubiquitous aromatic infrared bands (AIBs) observed in the spectra of galactic and extra-galactic sources that are irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) photons. Small (2-cycles) PAHs were unambiguously detected in the TMC-1 dark cloud, showing that PAH growth pathways exist even at low temperatures. The processing of PAHs by UV photons also leads to their fragmentation, which has been recognized in recent years as an alternative route to the generally accepted bottom-up chemical pathways for the formation of complex hydrocarbons in UV-rich interstellar regions. Here we consider the C12H8+ ion that is formed in our experiments from the dissociative ionization of the anthracene and phenanthrene (C14H10) molecules. By employing the sensitive action spectroscopic scheme of infrared pre-dissociation (IRPD) in a cryogenic ion trap instrument coupled to the free-electron lasers at the FELIX Laboratory, we have recorded the broadband and narrow line-width gas-phase IR spectra of the fragment ions (C12H8+) and also the reference spectra of three low energy isomers of C12H8+. By comparing the experimental spectra to those obtained from quantum chemical calculations we have identified the dominant structure of the fragment ion formed in the dissociation process to be the acenaphthylene cation for both isomeric precursors. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are presented to elucidate the fragmentation process. This result reinforces the dominant role of species containing a pentagonal ring in the photochemistry of small PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyak Banhatti
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Daniël B Rap
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Aude Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Fédération FeRMI, CNRS & Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Heloïse Leboucher
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Fédération FeRMI, CNRS & Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Gabi Wenzel
- Center for Interstellar Catalysis (InterCat), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christine Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, 9 Avenue du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse, France
| | - Britta Redlich
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Sandra Brünken
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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6
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Dahlmann F, Jusko P, Lara-Moreno M, Halvick P, Marimuthu AN, Michaelsen T, Wild R, Geistlinger K, Schlemmer S, Stoecklin T, Wester R, Brünken S. Predissociation spectroscopy of cold CN −H 2 and CN −D 2. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2085204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dahlmann
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Pavol Jusko
- Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Germany
| | | | | | - Aravindh N. Marimuthu
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Michaelsen
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Robert Wild
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katharina Geistlinger
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Roland Wester
- Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandra Brünken
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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7
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Walz A, Stoiber K, Huettig A, Schlichting H, Barth JV. Navigate Flying Molecular Elephants Safely to the Ground: Mass-Selective Soft Landing up to the Mega-Dalton Range by Electrospray Controlled Ion-Beam Deposition. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7767-7778. [PMID: 35609119 PMCID: PMC9178560 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The prototype of a highly versatile and efficient preparative mass spectrometry system used for the deposition of molecules in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) is presented, along with encouraging performance data obtained using four model species that are thermolabile or not sublimable. The test panel comprises two small organic compounds, a small and very large protein, and a large DNA species covering a 4-log mass range up to 1.7 MDa as part of a broad spectrum of analyte species evaluated to date. Three designs of innovative ion guides, a novel digital mass-selective quadrupole (dQMF), and a standard electrospray ionization (ESI) source are combined to an integrated device, abbreviated electrospray controlled ion-beam deposition (ES-CIBD). Full control is achieved by (i) the square-wave-driven radiofrequency (RF) ion guides with steadily tunable frequencies, including a dQMF allowing for investigation, purification, and deposition of a virtually unlimited m/z range, (ii) the adjustable landing energy of ions down to ∼2 eV/z enabling integrity-preserving soft landing, (iii) the deposition in UHV with high ion beam intensity (up to 3 nA) limiting contaminations and deposition time, and (iv) direct coverage control via the deposited charge. The maximum resolution of R = 650 and overall efficiency up to Ttotal = 4.4% calculated from the solution to UHV deposition are advantageous, whereby the latter can be further enhanced by optimizing ionization performance. In the setup presented, a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is attached for in situ UHV investigations of deposited species, demonstrating a selective, structure-preserving process and atomically clean layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Walz
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Karolina Stoiber
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Annette Huettig
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlichting
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
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8
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Asvany O, Schlemmer S. Rotational action spectroscopy of trapped molecular ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:26602-26622. [PMID: 34817492 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03975j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Rotational action spectroscopy is an experimental method in which rotational spectra of molecules, typically in the microwave to sub-mm-wave domain of the electromagnetic spectrum (∼1-1000 GHz), are recorded by action spectroscopy. Action spectroscopy means that the spectrum is recorded not by detecting the absorption of light by the molecules, but by the action of the light on the molecules, e.g., photon-induced dissociation of a chemical bond, a photon-triggered reaction, or photodetachment of an electron. Typically, such experiments are performed on molecular ions, which can be well controlled and mass-selected by guiding and storage techniques. Though coming with many advantages, the application of action schemes to rotational spectroscopy was hampered for a long time by the small energy content of a corresponding photon. Therefore, the first rotational action spectroscopic methods emerged only about one decade ago. Today, there exists a toolbox full of different rotational action spectroscopic schemes which are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
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9
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Salomon T, Doménech JL, Schmid PC, Michael EA, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Rovibrational spectroscopy of the CH +-He and CH +-He 4 complexes. JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 377:111421. [PMID: 34262226 PMCID: PMC7611196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2021.111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A cryogenic 22-pole ion trap apparatus is used in combination with a table-top pulsed IR source to probe weakly bound CH+-He and CH+-He4 complexes by predissociation spectroscopy at 4 K. The infrared photodissociation spectra of the C-H stretching vibrations are recorded in the range of 2720-2800 cm-1. The spectrum of CH+-He exhibits perpendicular transitions of a near prolate top with a band origin at 2745.9 cm-1, and thus confirms it to have a T-shaped structure. For CH+-He4, the C-H stretch along the symmetry axis of this oblate top results in parallel transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Salomon
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - José L Doménech
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC), Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Philipp C Schmid
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Ernest A Michael
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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10
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Geistlinger K, Fischer M, Spieler S, Remmers L, Duensing F, Dahlmann F, Endres E, Wester R. A sub-4 Kelvin radio frequency linear multipole wire trap. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:023204. [PMID: 33648123 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A linear cryogenic 16-pole wire ion trap has been developed and constructed for cryogenic ion spectroscopy at temperatures below 4 K. The trap is temperature-variable, can be operated with different buffer gases, and offers large optical access perpendicular to the ion beam direction. The housing geometry enables temperature measurement during radio frequency operation. The effective trapping potential of the wire-based radio frequency trap is described and compared to conventional multipole ion trap designs. Furthermore, time-of-flight mass spectra of multiple helium tagged protonated glycine ions that are extracted from the trap are presented, which prove very low ion temperatures and suitable conditions for sensitive spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Geistlinger
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Moritz Fischer
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Steffen Spieler
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lena Remmers
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Felix Duensing
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Franziska Dahlmann
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eric Endres
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roland Wester
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik, Technikerstraße 25/3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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11
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Santoro G, Sobrado JM, Tajuelo-Castilla G, Accolla M, Martínez L, Azpeitia J, Lauwaet K, Cernicharo J, Ellis GJ, Martín-Gago JÁ. INFRA-ICE: An ultra-high vacuum experimental station for laboratory astrochemistry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:124101. [PMID: 33379937 PMCID: PMC7116743 DOI: 10.1063/5.0027920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Laboratory astrochemistry aims at simulating, in the laboratory, some of the chemical and physical processes that operate in different regions of the universe. Amongst the diverse astrochemical problems that can be addressed in the laboratory, the evolution of cosmic dust grains in different regions of the interstellar medium (ISM) and its role in the formation of new chemical species through catalytic processes present significant interest. In particular, the dark clouds of the ISM dust grains are coated by icy mantles and it is thought that the ice-dust interaction plays a crucial role in the development of the chemical complexity observed in space. Here, we present a new ultra-high vacuum experimental station devoted to simulating the complex conditions of the coldest regions of the ISM. The INFRA-ICE machine can be operated as a standing alone setup or incorporated in a larger experimental station called Stardust, which is dedicated to simulate the formation of cosmic dust in evolved stars. As such, INFRA-ICE expands the capabilities of Stardust allowing the simulation of the complete journey of cosmic dust in space, from its formation in asymptotic giant branch stars to its processing and interaction with icy mantles in molecular clouds. To demonstrate some of the capabilities of INFRA-ICE, we present selected results on the ultraviolet photochemistry of undecane (C11H24) at 14 K. Aliphatics are part of the carbonaceous cosmic dust, and recently, aliphatics and short n-alkanes have been detected in situ in the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Santoro
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM, CSIC). Materials Science Factory. Structure of Nanoscopic Systems Group. c/ Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús. M. Sobrado
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB, INTA-CSIC). Crta. de Torrejón a Ajalvir km4, E-28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Tajuelo-Castilla
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM, CSIC). Materials Science Factory. Structure of Nanoscopic Systems Group. c/ Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Accolla
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM, CSIC). Materials Science Factory. Structure of Nanoscopic Systems Group. c/ Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM, CSIC). Materials Science Factory. Structure of Nanoscopic Systems Group. c/ Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jon Azpeitia
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM, CSIC). Materials Science Factory. Structure of Nanoscopic Systems Group. c/ Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Koen Lauwaet
- IMDEA Nanociencia. Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Cernicharo
- Instituto de Física Fundamental (IFF, CSIC). Group of Molecular Astrophysics. c/ Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gary J. Ellis
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros (ICTP, CSIC). c/ Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ángel Martín-Gago
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM, CSIC). Materials Science Factory. Structure of Nanoscopic Systems Group. c/ Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz 3, E-28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Doménech JL, Asvany O, Markus CR, Schlemmer S, Thorwirth S. High-resolution infrared action spectroscopy of the fundamental vibrational band of CN . JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 374:111375. [PMID: 33162609 PMCID: PMC7116308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jms.2020.111375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rotational-vibrational transitions of the fundamental vibrational modes of the 12C14N+ and 12C15N+ cations have been observed for the first time using a cryogenic ion trap apparatus with an action spectroscopy scheme. The lines P(3) to R(3) of 12C14N+ and R(1) to R(3) of 12C15N+ have been measured, limited by the trap temperature of approximately 4 K and the restricted tuning range of the infrared laser. Spectroscopic parameters are presented for both isotopologues, with band origins at 2000.7587(1) and 1970.321(1) cm-1, respectively, as well as an isotope independent fit combining the new and the literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Doménech
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC), Serrano 123, E28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Charles R. Markus
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D50937 Köln, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Sven Thorwirth
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D50937 Köln, Germany
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13
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High-resolution rovibrational spectroscopy of c- C3H2+: The ν7 C–H antisymmetric stretching band. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Thorwirth S, Harding ME, Asvany O, Brünken S, Jusko P, Lee KLK, Salomon T, McCarthy MC, Schlemmer S. Descendant of the X-ogen carrier and a ‘mass of 69’: infrared action spectroscopic detection of HC3O+ and HC3S+. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1776409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Thorwirth
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Michael E. Harding
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Abteilung für Theoretische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | - Sandra Brünken
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pavol Jusko
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Salomon
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
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15
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Markus CR, Asvany O, Salomon T, Schmid PC, Brünken S, Lipparini F, Gauss J, Schlemmer S. Vibrational Excitation Hindering an Ion-Molecule Reaction: The c-C_{3}H_{2}^{+}-H_{2} Collision Complex. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:233401. [PMID: 32603166 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.233401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Experiments within a cryogenic 22-pole ion trap have revealed an interesting reaction dynamic phenomenon, where rovibrational excitation of an ionic molecule slows down a reaction with a neutral partner. This is demonstrated for the low-temperature hydrogen abstraction reaction c-C_{3}H_{2}^{+}+H_{2}, where excitation of the ion into the ν_{7} antisymmetric C-H stretching mode decreased the reaction rate coefficient toward the products c-C_{3}H_{3}^{+}+H. Supported by high-level quantum-chemical calculations, this observation is explained by the reaction proceeding through a c-C_{3}H_{2}^{+}-H_{2} collision complex in the entrance channel, in which the hydrogen molecule is loosely bound to the hydrogen atom of the c-C_{3}H_{2}^{+} ion. This discovery enables high-resolution vibrational action spectroscopy for c-C_{3}H_{2}^{+} and other molecular ions with similar reaction pathways. Moreover, a detailed kinetic model relating the extent of the observed product depletion signal to the rate coefficients of inelastic collisions reveals that rotational relaxation of the vibrationally excited ions is significantly faster than the rovibrational relaxation, allowing for a large fraction of the ions to be vibrationally excited. This result provides fundamental insight into the mechanism for an important class of chemical reactions, and is capable of probing the inelastic collisional dynamics of molecular ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Markus
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
- University of Illinois, Department of Chemistry, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Salomon
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Philipp C Schmid
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Sandra Brünken
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7, 6525ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gauss
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany
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16
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Töpfer M, Jensen A, Nagamori K, Kohguchi H, Szidarovszky T, Császár AG, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Spectroscopic signatures of HHe 2+ and HHe 3. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22885-22888. [PMID: 33034329 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04649c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Using two different action spectroscopic techniques, a high-resolution quantum cascade laser operating around 1300 cm-1 and a cryogenic ion trap machine, the proton shuttle motion of the cations HHe2+ and HHe3+ has been probed at a nominal temperature of 4 K. For HHe3+, the loosely bound character of this complex allowed predissociation spectroscopy to be used, and the observed broad features point to a lifetime of a few ps in the vibrationally excited state. For He-H+-He, a fundamental linear molecule consisting of only three nuclei and four electrons, the method of laser-induced inhibition of complex growth (LIICG) enabled the measurement of three accurate rovibrational transitions, pinning down its molecular parameters for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Töpfer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Anders Jensen
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Keigo Nagamori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Tamás Szidarovszky
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila G Császár
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany.
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, D-50937 Köln, Germany.
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17
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Markus CR, Thorwirth S, Asvany O, Schlemmer S. High-resolution double resonance action spectroscopy in ion traps: vibrational and rotational fingerprints of CH 2NH 2. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:26406-26412. [PMID: 31793941 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05487a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
By applying various action spectroscopic techniques in a 4 K cryogenic ion trap instrument, protonated methanimine, CH2NH2+, has been investigated by high-resolution rovibrational and pure rotational spectroscopy for the first time. In total, 39 rovibrational transitions within the fundamental band of the ν2 symmetric C-H stretch were measured around 3026 cm-1, which were used to predict pure rotational transition frequencies of CH2NH2+ in the ground vibrational state. Based on these predictions, nine rotational transitions were observed between 109 and 283 GHz using a novel double resonance method, which significantly improved the sensitivity of the rotational measurements. This double resonance method consists of rotational excitation followed by vibrational excitation, which is finally detected as a dip in the number of CH2NH2+-He complexes formed in the 4 K He bath of the trap. The new measurements and the derived predictions of pure rotational transitions will enable the first radio-astronomical search for CH2NH2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Markus
- The University of Illinois Department of Chemistry, 600 S. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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18
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Asvany O, Schlemmer S, Szidarovszky T, Császár AG. Infrared Signatures of the HHe n+ and DHe n+ ( n = 3-6) Complexes. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5325-5330. [PMID: 31430165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Combination of a cryogenic ion-trap machine, operated at 4.7 K, with the free-electron-laser FELIX allows the first experimental characterization of the unusually bright antisymmetric stretch (ν3) and π-bending (ν2) fundamentals of the He-X+-He (X = H, D) chromophore of the in situ prepared HHen+ and DHen+ (n = 3-6) complexes. The band origins obtained are fully supported by first-principles quantum-chemical computations, performed at the MP2, the CCSD(T), and occasionally the CCSDTQ levels employing extended basis sets. Both the experiments and the computations are consistent with structures for the species with n = 3 and 6 being of T-shaped C2v and of D4h symmetry, respectively, while the species with n = 4 are suggested to exhibit interesting dynamical phenomena related to large-amplitude motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut , Universität zu Köln , Zülpicher Str. 77 , 50937 Köln , Germany
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut , Universität zu Köln , Zülpicher Str. 77 , 50937 Köln , Germany
| | - Tamás Szidarovszky
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry , ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group , Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A , H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Attila G Császár
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry , ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group , Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A , H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
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19
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Császár AG, Szidarovszky T, Asvany O, Schlemmer S. Fingerprints of microscopic superfluidity in HHe n+ clusters. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1585984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila G. Császár
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Szidarovszky
- Laboratory of Molecular Structure and Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University and MTA-ELTE Complex Chemical Systems Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
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20
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Salomon T, Töpfer M, Schreier P, Schlemmer S, Kohguchi H, Surin L, Asvany O. Double resonance rotational spectroscopy of He-HCO . Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:3440-3445. [PMID: 30191208 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04532a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ground state of He-HCO+ is investigated using a recently developed double resonance technique, consisting of a rotational transition followed by a vibrational transition into a dissociative state. In order to derive precise predictions for the rotational states, the high resolution infrared predissociation spectroscopy of the v1 C-H stretching mode is revisited. Eleven pure rotational transitions are measured via the double resonance method. A least squares fit of these transitions to a standard linear rotor Hamiltonian reveals that the semirigid rotor model cannot fully describe the loosely bound He-HCO+ complex. The novel double resonance technique is compared with other action spectroscopic schemes, and some potential future applications are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Salomon
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
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21
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Töpfer M, Schmid PC, Kohguchi H, Yamada KMT, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Infrared photodissociation of cold CH3+–He2 complexes. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1563727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Töpfer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
| | | | - Hiroshi Kohguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima Japan
| | | | | | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany
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22
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Jusko P, Brünken S, Asvany O, Thorwirth S, Stoffels A, van der Meer L, Berden G, Redlich B, Oomens J, Schlemmer S. The FELion cryogenic ion trap beam line at the FELIX free-electron laser laboratory: infrared signatures of primary alcohol cations. Faraday Discuss 2019; 217:172-202. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00225h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The FELion beamline – a cryogenic 22-pole trap for vibrational spectroscopy of molecular ions at the FELIX Laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Jusko
- I. Physikalisches Institut
- Universität zu Köln
- 50937 Köln
- Germany
| | - Sandra Brünken
- I. Physikalisches Institut
- Universität zu Köln
- 50937 Köln
- Germany
- Radboud University
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut
- Universität zu Köln
- 50937 Köln
- Germany
| | - Sven Thorwirth
- I. Physikalisches Institut
- Universität zu Köln
- 50937 Köln
- Germany
| | - Alexander Stoffels
- I. Physikalisches Institut
- Universität zu Köln
- 50937 Köln
- Germany
- Radboud University
| | - Lex van der Meer
- Radboud University
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- FELIX Laboratory
- 6525 ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud University
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- FELIX Laboratory
- 6525 ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Britta Redlich
- Radboud University
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- FELIX Laboratory
- 6525 ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
| | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University
- Institute for Molecules and Materials
- FELIX Laboratory
- 6525 ED Nijmegen
- The Netherlands
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23
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Doménech JL, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Accurate Rotational Rest Frequencies for Ammonium Ion Isotopologues. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2018; 866:158. [PMID: 30504963 PMCID: PMC6264787 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aadf83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We report rest frequencies for rotational transitions of the deuterated ammonium isotopologues NH3D+,NH 2 D 2 + and NHD D 3 + , measured in a cryogenic ion trap machine. For the symmetric tops NH3D+ andNHD 3 + one and three transitions are detected, respectively, and five transitions are detected for the asymmetric topNH 2 D 2 + . While the lowest frequency transition of NH3D+ was already known in the laboratory and space, this work enables the future radio astronomical detection of the two other isotopologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Doménech
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC), Serrano
123, E28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu
Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu
Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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24
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Töpfer M, Salomon T, Kohguchi H, Dopfer O, Yamada KMT, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Double Resonance Rotational Spectroscopy of Weakly Bound Ionic Complexes: The Case of Floppy CH_{3}^{+}-He. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:143001. [PMID: 30339424 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.143001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel rotational spectroscopy method applicable to ions stored in cold traps is presented. In a double resonance scheme, rotational excitation is followed by vibrational excitation into a dissociative resonance. Its general applicability is demonstrated for the CH_{3}^{+}-He complex, which undergoes predissociation through its C-H stretching modes ν_{1} and ν_{3}. High resolution rotational transitions are recorded for this symmetric top, and small unexpected splittings are resolved for K=1. Advantages and potential future applications of this new approach are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Töpfer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Thomas Salomon
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Kohguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Otto Dopfer
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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25
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Jusko P, Simon A, Banhatti S, Brünken S, Joblin C. Direct Evidence of the Benzylium and Tropylium Cations as the Two Long-Lived Isomers of C 7 H 7. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:3182-3185. [PMID: 30238585 PMCID: PMC6420061 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Disentangling the isomeric structure of C7 H7 + is a longstanding experimental issue. We report here the full mid-infrared vibrational spectrum of C7 H7 + tagged with Ne obtained with infrared-predissociation spectroscopy at 10 K. Saturation depletion measurements were used to assign the contribution of benzylium and tropylium isomers and demonstrate that no other isomer is involved. Recorded spectral features compare well with density functional theory calculations. This opens perspectives for a better understanding and control of the formation paths leading to either tropylium or benzylium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Jusko
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Aude Simon
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques LCPQ/IRSAMC, Université de Toulouse (UPS) and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Shreyak Banhatti
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Sandra Brünken
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christine Joblin
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, 9 Av. du Colonel Roche, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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26
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Kohguchi H, Jusko P, Yamada KMT, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. High-resolution infrared spectroscopy of O 2H + in a cryogenic ion trap. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144303. [PMID: 29655341 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The protonated oxygen molecule, O2H+, and its helium complex, He-O2H+, have been investigated by vibrational action spectroscopy in a cryogenic 22-pole ion trap. For the He-O2H+ complex, the frequencies of three vibrational bands have been determined by predissociation spectroscopy. The elusive O2H+ has been characterized for the first time by high-resolution rovibrational spectroscopy via its ν1 OH-stretching band. Thirty-eight rovibrational fine structure transitions with partly resolved hyperfine satellites were measured (56 resolved lines in total). Spectroscopic parameters were determined by fitting the observed lines with an effective Hamiltonian for an asymmetric rotor in a triplet electronic ground state, X̃3A'', yielding a band origin at 3016.73 cm-1. Based on these spectroscopic parameters, the rotational spectrum is predicted, but not yet detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kohguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-3-1, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Pavol Jusko
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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27
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Doménech JL, Jusko P, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. First Laboratory Detection of Vibration-Rotation Transitions of 12CH + and 13CH + and Improved Measurement of their Rotational Transition Frequencies. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2018; 857:61. [PMID: 29861500 PMCID: PMC5975947 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aab36a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The long-searched C-H stretches of the fundamental ions CH+ and 13CH+ have been observed for the first time in the laboratory. For this, the state-dependent attachment of He atoms to these ions at cryogenic temperatures has been exploited to obtain high-resolution rovibrational data. In addition, the lowest rotational transitions of CH+, 13CH+ and CD+ have been revisited and their rest frequency values improved substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Doménech
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC), Serrano 123, E28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pavol Jusko
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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28
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Doménech JL, Schlemmer S, Asvany O. Accurate Frequency Determination of Vibration-Rotation and Rotational Transitions of SiH . THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2017; 849:60. [PMID: 29142330 PMCID: PMC5683345 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8fca] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fundamental 28SiH+ ion has been characterized in a collaborative work, utilizing a hollow-cathode-discharge laser-spectrometer and a cryogenic ion trap spectrometer. Twenty-three vibration-rotation transitions around 4.75 μm have been detected with high accuracy. This has facilitated the first direct measurement of the pure rotational transition J = 1 ← 0 at 453056.3632(4) MHz in the trap spectrometer. The measured and accurately predicted transitions enable the search for this ion in space with IR and sub-mm telescopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Doménech
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC), Serrano 123, E28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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Martens J, Berden G, Gebhardt CR, Oomens J. Infrared ion spectroscopy in a modified quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer at the FELIX free electron laser laboratory. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:103108. [PMID: 27802712 DOI: 10.1063/1.4964703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on modifications made to a Paul-type quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer and discuss its application in infrared ion spectroscopy experiments. Main modifications involve optical access to the trapped ions and hardware and software coupling to a variety of infrared laser sources at the FELIX infrared free electron laser laboratory. In comparison to previously described infrared ion spectroscopy experiments at the FELIX laboratory, we find significant improvements in efficiency and sensitivity. Effects of the trapping conditions of the ions on the IR multiple photon dissociation spectra are explored. Enhanced photo-dissociation is found at lower pressures in the ion trap. Spectra obtained under reduced pressure conditions are found to more closely mimic those obtained in the high-vacuum conditions of an Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. A gas-mixing system is described enabling the controlled addition of a secondary gas into helium buffer gas flowing into the trap and allows for ion/molecule reactions in the trap. The electron transfer dissociation (ETD) option of the mass spectrometer allows for IR structure characterization of ETD-generated peptide dissociation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Martens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giel Berden
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Oomens
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Talicska CN, Porambo MW, Perry AJ, McCall BJ. Mid-infrared concentration-modulated noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy of a continuous supersonic expansion discharge source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:063111. [PMID: 27370430 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Concentration-modulated noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) is implemented for the first time on a continuous gas-flow pinhole supersonic expansion discharge source for the study of cooled molecular ions. The instrument utilizes a continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator easily tunable from 2.5 to 3.9 μm and demonstrates a noise equivalent absorption of ∼1 × 10(-9) cm(-1). The effectiveness of concentration-modulated NICE-OHMS is tested through the acquisition of transitions in the ν1 fundamental band of HN2 (+) centered near 3234 cm(-1), with a signal-to-noise of ∼40 obtained for the strongest transitions. The technique is used to characterize the cooling abilities of the supersonic expansion discharge source itself, and a Boltzmann analysis determines a rotational temperature of ∼29 K for low rotational states of HN2 (+). Further improvements are discussed that will enable concentration-modulated NICE-OHMS to reach its full potential for the detection of molecular ions formed in supersonic expansion discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney N Talicska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Michael W Porambo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Adam J Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Benjamin J McCall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Savić I, Gerlich D, Asvany O, Jusko P, Schlemmer S. Controlled synthesis and analysis of He–H+3in a 3.7 K ion trap. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1037802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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32
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Asvany O, Yamada KMT, Brunken S, Potapov A, Schlemmer S. Experimental ground-state combination differences of CH5+. Science 2015; 347:1346-9. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa3304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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33
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Enantiomer-selective ultraviolet photolysis of temperature-controlled protonated tryptophan on a chiral crown ether in the gas phase. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Jusko P, Asvany O, Wallerstein AC, Brünken S, Schlemmer S. Two-photon rotational action spectroscopy of cold OH- at 1 ppb accuracy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:253005. [PMID: 25014811 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.253005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental rotational transition J = 1←0 of the anion OH(-) has been measured by cooling mass-selected OH(-) ions to 10 K in a 22-pole ion trap and applying a novel rotational-rovibrational two-photon scheme. A transition frequency of (1 123 101.0410 ± 0.0014) MHz was obtained with so far unprecedented accuracy. The general application of the presented action-spectroscopy scheme to other anions and cations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavol Jusko
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Brünken
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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Gärtner S, Krieg J, Klemann A, Asvany O, Brünken S, Schlemmer S. High-Resolution Spectroscopy of CH2D+ in a Cold 22-Pole Ion Trap. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:9975-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jp400258e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Gärtner
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher
Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Jürgen Krieg
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher
Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - André Klemann
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher
Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher
Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Sandra Brünken
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher
Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlemmer
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher
Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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Kluge L, Gärtner S, Brünken S, Asvany O, Gerlich D, Schlemmer S. Transfer of a proton between H2 and O2. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2012; 370:5041-5054. [PMID: 23028152 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The proton affinities of hydrogen and oxygen are very similar. Therefore, it has been discussed that the proton transfer from the omnipresent H(3)(+) to molecular oxygen in the near thermoneutral reaction H(3)(+) + O(2) <--> O(2)H(+) + H(2) effectively binds the interstellar oxygen in O(2)H(+). In this work, the proton transfer reaction has been investigated in a low-temperature 22-pole ion trap from almost room temperature (280 K) down to the lowest possible temperature limited by freeze out of oxygen gas (about 40 K at a low pressure). The Arrhenius behaviour of the rate coefficient for the forward reaction shows that it is subject to an activation energy of E(A)/k=113 K. Thus, the forward reaction can proceed only in higher temperature molecular clouds. Applying laser-induced reactions to the given reaction (in the backward direction), a preliminary search for spectroscopic signatures of O(2)H(+) in the infrared was unsuccessful, whereas the forward reaction has been successfully used to probe the population of the lowest ortho and para levels of H(3)(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kluge
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Strasse 77, 50937 Köln, Germany
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Asvany O, Krieg J, Schlemmer S. Frequency comb assisted mid-infrared spectroscopy of cold molecular ions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:093110. [PMID: 23020365 DOI: 10.1063/1.4753930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A mid-infrared spectrometer consisting of a high power optical parametric oscillator, a frequency comb, and a cold ion trap is described and characterized. The idler frequency at 3 μm is measured accurately by analyzing the pump and signal beat frequencies with the comb. This is done via two spectrum analyzers, allowing for a wide and continuous scanning ideal for spectroscopy of cold molecules with unknown spectra. The potential of this approach is demonstrated by measuring a ro-vibrational line of CH(5)(+) in a 22-pole ion trap via action spectroscopy of only several thousand cold ions. The current setup limits the precision of the line center frequency determination to some 100 kHz with ample room for future improvements. Following this approach, ground state combination differences of molecular ions can be predicted in order to identify them in astronomical objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Asvany
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937 Köln, Germany.
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