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Xu X, Gao C, Emusani R, Jia C, Xiang D. Toward Practical Single-Molecule/Atom Switches. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400877. [PMID: 38810145 PMCID: PMC11304318 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Electronic switches have been considered to be one of the most important components of contemporary electronic circuits for processing and storing digital information. Fabricating functional devices with building blocks of atomic/molecular switches can greatly promote the minimization of the devices and meet the requirement of high integration. This review highlights key developments in the fabrication and application of molecular switching devices. This overview offers valuable insights into the switching mechanisms under various stimuli, emphasizing structural and energy state changes in the core molecules. Beyond the molecular switches, typical individual metal atomic switches are further introduced. A critical discussion of the main challenges for realizing and developing practical molecular/atomic switches is provided. These analyses and summaries will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the switch mechanisms, providing guidance for the rational design of functional nanoswitch devices toward practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Xu
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350China
| | - Chunyan Gao
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350China
| | - Ramya Emusani
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Institute of Modern Optics and Center of Single Molecule SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Micro‐scale Optical Information Science and TechnologyTianjin300350China
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2
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Li Y, Zhang Z, Wang R, Tang A, Ma C, Lian C, Tian H, Li H. Suppressing the Conductance of Single-Molecule Junctions Fabricated by sp 2 C-H Bond Metalation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38497376 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
High-conducting single-molecule junctions have attracted a great deal of attention, but insulating single-molecule junctions, which are critical in molecular circuits, have been less investigated due to the long-standing challenges. Herein, the in situ formation of a Au-C linker via electrical-potential-mediated sp2 C-H bond metalation of polyfluoroarenes with the assistance of scanning tunneling microscope-based break junction technique is reported. This metalation process is bias-dependent and occurs with an electropositive electrode, and the formed junction is highly oriented. Surprisingly, these polyfluoroarenes exhibit unexpected low conductance even under short molecular lengths and are superior molecular insulators. Flicker noise analysis and DFT calculations confirm that the insulating properties of polyfluoroarenes are ascribed to their multiple fluorine substituents. Our results pave a way for constructing oriented asymmetric molecular junctions and provide an efficient strategy to suppress the single-molecule conductance, which will aid in the design of molecular insulators and advance the development of self-integrating functional molecular circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zekai Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ajun Tang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqi Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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3
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Yu SH, Hassan SZ, So C, Kang M, Chung DS. Molecular-Switch-Embedded Solution-Processed Semiconductors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2203401. [PMID: 35929102 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent improvements in the performance of solution-processed semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices have shifted research interest to the diversification/advancement of their functionality. Embedding a molecular switch capable of transition between two or more metastable isomers by light stimuli is one of the most straightforward and widely accepted methods to potentially realize the multifunctionality of optoelectronic devices. A molecular switch embedded in a semiconductor can effectively control various parameters such as trap-level, dielectric constant, electrical resistance, charge mobility, and charge polarity, which can be utilized in photoprogrammable devices including transistors, memory, and diodes. This review classifies the mechanism of each optoelectronic transition driven by molecular switches regardless of the type of semiconductor material or molecular switch or device. In addition, the basic characteristics of molecular switches and the persisting technical/scientific issues corresponding to each mechanism are discussed to help researchers. Finally, interesting yet infrequently reported applications of molecular switches and their mechanisms are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Hoon Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Syed Zahid Hassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan So
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyun Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sung Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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4
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Bokare A, Arif J, Erogbogbo F. Strategies for Incorporating Graphene Oxides and Quantum Dots into Photoresponsive Azobenzenes for Photonics and Thermal Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2211. [PMID: 34578524 PMCID: PMC8467028 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Graphene represents a new generation of materials which exhibit unique physicochemical properties such as high electron mobility, tunable optics, a large surface to volume ratio, and robust mechanical strength. These properties make graphene an ideal candidate for various optoelectronic, photonics, and sensing applications. In recent years, numerous efforts have been focused on azobenzene polymers (AZO-polymers) as photochromic molecular switches and thermal sensors because of their light-induced conformations and surface-relief structures. However, these polymers often exhibit drawbacks such as low photon storage lifetime and energy density. Additionally, AZO-polymers tend to aggregate even at moderate doping levels, which is detrimental to their optical response. These issues can be alleviated by incorporating graphene derivatives (GDs) into AZO-polymers to form orderly arranged molecules. GDs such as graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (RGO), and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) can modulate the optical response, energy density, and photon storage capacity of these composites. Moreover, they have the potential to prevent aggregation and increase the mechanical strength of the azobenzene complexes. This review article summarizes and assesses literature on various strategies that may be used to incorporate GDs into azobenzene complexes. The review begins with a detailed analysis of structures and properties of GDs and azobenzene complexes. Then, important aspects of GD-azobenzene composites are discussed, including: (1) synthesis methods for GD-azobenzene composites, (2) structure and physicochemical properties of GD-azobenzene composites, (3) characterization techniques employed to analyze GD-azobenzene composites, and most importantly, (4) applications of these composites in various photonics and thermal devices. Finally, a conclusion and future scope are given to discuss remaining challenges facing GD-azobenzene composites in functional science engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Folarin Erogbogbo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, San José State University, 1 Washington Square, San José, CA 95112, USA; (A.B.); (J.A.)
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5
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Liu W, Yang S, Li J, Su G, Ren J. One molecule, two states: Single molecular switch on metallic electrodes. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
| | - Sha Yang
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
| | - Jingtai Li
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
| | - Guirong Su
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
| | - Ji‐Chang Ren
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China
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6
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Wang L, Li Q. Photochromism into nanosystems: towards lighting up the future nanoworld. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:1044-1097. [PMID: 29251304 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00630f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the structure and function of promising nanosystems via energy input and external stimuli is emerging as an attractive paradigm for developing reconfigurable and programmable nanomaterials and multifunctional devices. Light stimulus manifestly represents a preferred external physical and chemical tool for in situ remote command of the functional attributes of nanomaterials and nanosystems due to its unique advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and digital controllability. Photochromic moieties are known to undergo reversible photochemical transformations between different states with distinct properties, which have been extensively introduced into various functional nanosystems such as nanomachines, nanoparticles, nanoelectronics, supramolecular nanoassemblies, and biological nanosystems. The integration of photochromism into these nanosystems has endowed the resultant nanostructures or advanced materials with intriguing photoresponsive behaviors and more sophisticated functions. In this Review, we provide an account of the recent advancements in reversible photocontrol of the structures and functions of photochromic nanosystems and their applications. The important design concepts of such truly advanced materials are discussed, their fabrication methods are emphasized, and their applications are highlighted. The Review is concluded by briefly outlining the challenges that need to be addressed and the opportunities that can be tapped into. We hope that the review of the flourishing and vibrant topic with myriad possibilities would shine light on exploring the future nanoworld by encouraging and opening the windows to meaningful multidisciplinary cooperation of engineers from different backgrounds and scientists from the fields such as chemistry, physics, engineering, biology, nanotechnology and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA.
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7
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Vakili M, Sobhkhizi A, Darugar V, Kanaani A, Ajloo D. A first-principles study of aryloxyanthraquinone-based optical molecular switch. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Zobač V, Lewis JP, Jelínek P. Non-adiabatic molecular dynamic simulations of opening reaction of molecular junctions. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:285202. [PMID: 27255903 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/28/285202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report non-adiabatic molecular dynamic simulations of the ring opening reaction of diarylethene (DAE) derivative molecules, both free standing and embedded between gold electrodes. Simulations are performed by the surface hopping method employing density functional theory. Typically, the free-standing molecules exhibit large quantum yields to open and close; however the process is quenched for the molecules embedded between electrodes. Our simulations reveal the importance of the DAE side chemical groups, which explain the efficiency of the quenching process. Namely, delocalization of the LUMO state contributes to electronic coupling between the molecule and electrodes, suppressing or enhancing the reaction process. The simulations indicate that a proper choice of the chemical side group, which provides the strong localization of the LUMO state, can substantially diminish the quenching mechanism. Additionally, we analyze a strong dependency of the quantum yield of the opening reaction coming from the mechanical strength of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladmír Zobač
- Institute of Physic, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Cukrovarnická 10, CZ-16200, Prague, Czech Republic. Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Břehová 10, CZ-11519, Prague, Czech Republic
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9
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Jia C, Migliore A, Xin N, Huang S, Wang J, Yang Q, Wang S, Chen H, Wang D, Feng B, Liu Z, Zhang G, Qu DH, Tian H, Ratner MA, Xu HQ, Nitzan A, Guo X. Covalently bonded single-molecule junctions with stable and reversible photoswitched conductivity. Science 2016; 352:1443-5. [PMID: 27313042 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf6298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 414] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Through molecular engineering, single diarylethenes were covalently sandwiched between graphene electrodes to form stable molecular conduction junctions. Our experimental and theoretical studies of these junctions consistently show and interpret reversible conductance photoswitching at room temperature and stochastic switching between different conductive states at low temperature at a single-molecule level. We demonstrate a fully reversible, two-mode, single-molecule electrical switch with unprecedented levels of accuracy (on/off ratio of ~100), stability (over a year), and reproducibility (46 devices with more than 100 cycles for photoswitching and ~10(5) to 10(6) cycles for stochastic switching).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuancheng Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | | | - Na Xin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyun Huang
- Department of Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jinying Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shuopei Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Duoming Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Boyong Feng
- Department of Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Da-Hui Qu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - H Q Xu
- Department of Electronics and Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Abraham Nitzan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA. School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China.
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10
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Zhang X, Hou L, Samorì P. Coupling carbon nanomaterials with photochromic molecules for the generation of optically responsive materials. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11118. [PMID: 27067387 PMCID: PMC4832057 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional carbon-based nanomaterials offer routes towards the realization of smart and high-performing (opto)electronic (nano)devices, sensors and logic gates. Meanwhile photochromic molecules exhibit reversible transformation between two forms, induced by the absorption of electromagnetic radiation. By combining carbon-based nanomaterials with photochromic molecules, one can achieve reversible changes in geometrical structure, electronic properties and nanoscale mechanics triggering by light. This thus enables a reversible modulation of numerous physical and chemical properties of the carbon-based nanomaterials towards the fabrication of cognitive devices. This review examines the state of the art with respect to these responsive materials, and seeks to identify future directions for investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Lili Hou
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Paolo Samorì
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg 67000, France
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11
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Xie F, Fan ZQ, Zhang XJ, Liu JP, Wang HY, Long MQ. Tunable negative differential resistance in a single cruciform diamine molecule with zigzag graphene nanoribbon electrodes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19001d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the electronic transport properties of a single cruciform diamine molecule connected to zigzag graphene nanoribbon electrodes by using the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism with density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xie
- Physics Science and Engineering Technology College
- Yichun University
- Yichun 336000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Fan
- School of Physics and Electronic Science
- Changsha University of Science and Technology
- Changsha 410114
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Zhang
- Physics Science and Engineering Technology College
- Yichun University
- Yichun 336000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Physics Science and Engineering Technology College
- Yichun University
- Yichun 336000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Physics Science and Engineering Technology College
- Yichun University
- Yichun 336000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Qiu Long
- School of Physics and Electronics
- Central South University
- Changsha 410083
- China
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12
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Chantzis A, Cerezo J, Perrier A, Santoro F, Jacquemin D. Optical Properties of Diarylethenes with TD-DFT: 0-0 Energies, Fluorescence, Stokes Shifts, and Vibronic Shapes. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 10:3944-57. [PMID: 26588538 DOI: 10.1021/ct500371u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This contribution is an investigation of both the structures and optical properties of a set of 14 diverse, recently synthesized diarylethenes using Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) at the ωB97X-D/6-31G(d) level of theory. The linear response (LR) and state-specific (SS) versions of the Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) have been adopted to account for the bulk solvation effects and their relative performances were critically accessed. It is shown, for the first time in the case of nontrivial diarylethenes, that TD-DFT provides good agreement between the experimental absorption-fluorescence crossing points (AFCPs) and their theoretical counterparts when a robust model accounting for both geometrical relaxation and vibrational corrections is used instead of the vertical approximation. On the other hand, the theoretical estimates for the Stokes shifts based on the vertical transition energies were found to be in disagreement with respect to experiment, prompting us to simulate the absorption/emission vibronic band shapes. It is proved that difficulties associated with the breakdown of the harmonic approximation in Cartesian coordinates exist for the investigated system, and we show how they can be at least partially overcome by means of a vertical approach including Duschinsky effects. Our results provide a valuable basis to rationalize the experimental vibronic structure of both emission and absorption bands and are expected to be a significant asset to the understanding of the optical properties of diarylethene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agisilaos Chantzis
- Laboratoire CEISAM - UMR CNR 6230, Université de Nantes , 2 Rue de la Houssiniére, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - Javier Cerezo
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Murcia , 30110 Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurélie Perrier
- ITODYS, UMR 7086, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité , 15 Rue Jean Antoine de Baif, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Fabrizio Santoro
- CNR-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM-CNR), UOS di Pisa , Area della Ricerca, via G. Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Laboratoire CEISAM - UMR CNR 6230, Université de Nantes , 2 Rue de la Houssiniére, BP 92208, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 103, bd Saint-Michel, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
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13
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Zoppi L, Ferretti A, Baldridge KK. Tuning Electron Transport through Functionalized C20H10 Molecular Junctions. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:4900-10. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zoppi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Ferretti
- Centro
S3, CNR-Instituto Nanoscienze, via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Kim K. Baldridge
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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Basuki SW, Schneider V, Strunskus T, Elbahri M, Faupel F. Light-Controlled Conductance Switching in Azobenzene-Containing MWCNT-Polymer Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:11257-11262. [PMID: 25961784 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on reversible light-controlled conductance switching in devices consisting of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-polymer nanocomposites blended with azobenzene molecules and photoisomerization of the latter. Both the azobenzene molecules and MWCNT, which are functionalized with carboxyl groups (MWCNT-COOH), are embedded independently in a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix, and thin films are prepared by using a simple spin-coating technique. We demonstrate the feasibility of the present concept with a photocurrent switching amplitude of almost 10%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mady Elbahri
- §Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH Institut für Polymerforschung, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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15
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Li L, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Theoretical Investigation on Excited-State Cyclization Reactions of Platinum-Sensitized Dithienylethene Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:2819-28. [DOI: 10.1021/jp412562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Li L, Bai FQ, Zhang HX. Theoretical investigation on remote-control photocycloreversion of dithienylethene driven by azobenzene chromophores. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 137:987-994. [PMID: 25282714 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
When adding two azobenzene chromophores on a dithienylethene molecule, the irradiation at 450 nm can effectively arouse the cycloreversion reaction of the ring-closed dithienylethene. We investigated the frontier molecular orbitals and absorption properties of such series of molecules and inferred the mechanism of the ring-opening reaction. The 450 nm light sensed by the side azobenzene groups can excite the whole molecule to a high excited state, and through electronic transition and energy transfer the active electron may centre on the dithienylethene ring part, then the ring-opening happens. While for the ring-open form, the energy of the 450 nm light is not high enough to promote the electron to the exact molecular orbital occupying the central dithienylethene ring, so it cannot cause the ring-closing reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China.
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Irie M, Fukaminato T, Matsuda K, Kobatake S. Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators. Chem Rev 2014; 114:12174-277. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500249p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1755] [Impact Index Per Article: 175.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Irie
- Research
Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Tuyoshi Fukaminato
- Research
Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku,
Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Seiya Kobatake
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
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18
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Kaneko S, Motta C, Brivio GP, Kiguchi M. Mechanically controllable bi-stable states in a highly conductive single pyrazine molecular junction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 24:315201. [PMID: 23851468 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/24/31/315201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the fabrication of a highly conductive single pyrazine molecular junction with Pt leads. Mechanically controllable break-junction measurements at low temperatures show two distinct high and low conductance states. These conductance values are two orders of magnitude larger than those of a conventional single molecular junction with anchoring groups because of direct binding of the π conjugated molecule to a metal electrode with large density of states at the Fermi energy. Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations highlights the vibration modes of the system for the two regimes. Theory allows us to assign the high and low conductance states of the molecular junction to two configurations in which the pyrazine axis is tilted and parallel with respect to the junction axis, respectively. Finally, we show that the pyrazine junction can be reversibly switched between the two bi-stable conductance states by mechanically stretching and relaxing the junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kaneko
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Jia C, Wang J, Yao C, Cao Y, Zhong Y, Liu Z, Liu Z, Guo X. Conductance Switching and Mechanisms in Single-Molecule Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8666-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Jia C, Wang J, Yao C, Cao Y, Zhong Y, Liu Z, Liu Z, Guo X. Conductance Switching and Mechanisms in Single-Molecule Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Van Dyck C, Geskin V, Kronemeijer AJ, de Leeuw DM, Cornil J. Impact of derivatization on electron transmission through dithienylethene-based photoswitches in molecular junctions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:4392-404. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44132f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Qiu M, Liew KM. Position effects of single vacancy on transport properties of single layer armchair h-BNC heterostructure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:11478-83. [PMID: 22805975 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41210a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Based on certain single layer armchair h-BNC heterostructures, six molecular devices with different positions of single vacancy atoms are investigated to explain the modulating process of negative differential resistance (NDR) behaviors and rectifying performance. The results show that NDR behaviors can be observed clearly with vacancy atoms near the interface of graphene nano-ribbon and BN nano-ribbon, and rectifying performance can be enhanced obviously when there are vacancy atoms in the moiety of the BN nano-ribbon. The first-principles analysis of the microscopic nature reveals that strength of electronic transmission, evolutions of molecular orbitals and distributions of molecular states are the intrinsic responses to these transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qiu
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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23
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Dong H, Zhu H, Meng Q, Gong X, Hu W. Organic photoresponse materials and devices. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 41:1754-808. [PMID: 22158983 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15205j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic photoresponse materials and devices are critically important to organic optoelectronics and energy crises. The activities of photoresponse in organic materials can be summarized in three effects, photoconductive, photovoltaic and optical memory effects. Correspondingly, devices based on the three effects can be divided into (i) photoconductive devices such as photodetectors, photoreceptors, photoswitches and phototransistors, (ii) photovoltaic devices such as organic solar cells, and (iii) optical data storage devices. It is expected that this systematic analysis of photoresponse materials and devices could be a guide for the better understanding of structure-property relationships of organic materials and provide key clues for the fabrication of high performance organic optoelectronic devices, the integration of them in circuits and the application of them in renewable green energy strategies (critical review, 452 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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