1
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Luo S, Dai C, Ye Y, Wu Q, Wang J, Li X, Xi S, Xu ZJ. Elevated Water Oxidation by Cation Leaching Enabled Tunable Surface Reconstruction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402184. [PMID: 38750660 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Water electrolysis is one promising and eco-friendly technique for energy storage, yet its overall efficiency is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Therefore, developing strategies to boost OER catalyst performance is crucial. With the advances in characterization techniques, an extensive phenomenon of surface structure evolution into an active amorphous layer was uncovered. Surface reconstruction in a controlled fashion was then proposed as an emerging strategy to elevate water oxidation efficiency. In this work, Cr substitution induces the reconstruction of NiFexCr2-xO4 during cyclic voltammetry (CV) conditioning by Cr leaching, which leads to a superior OER performance. The best-performed NiFe0.25Cr1.75O4 shows a ~1500 % current density promotion at overpotential η=300 mV, which outperforms many advanced NiFe-based OER catalysts. It is also found that their OER activities are mainly determined by Ni : Fe ratio rather than considering the contribution of Cr. Meanwhile, the turnover frequency (TOF) values based on redox peak and total mass were obtained and analysed, and their possible limitations in the case of NiFexCr2-xO4 are discussed. Additionally, the high activity and durability were further verified in a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) cell, highlighting its potential for practical large-scale and sustainable hydrogen gas generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songzhu Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chencheng Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yike Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiarui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoning Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Zhichuan J Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
- The Centre of Advanced Catalysis Science and Technology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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2
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Hahn AW, Zsombor-Pindera J, Kennepohl P, DeBeer S. Introducing SpectraFit: An Open-Source Tool for Interactive Spectral Analysis. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23252-23265. [PMID: 38854548 PMCID: PMC11155667 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
In chemistry, analyzing spectra through peak fitting is a crucial task that helps scientists extract useful quantitative information about a sample's chemical composition or electronic structure. To make this process more efficient, we have developed a new open-source software tool called SpectraFit. This tool allows users to perform quick data fitting using expressions of distribution and linear functions through the command line interface (CLI) or Jupyter Notebook, which can run on Linux, Windows, and MacOS, as well as in a Docker container. As part of our commitment to good scientific practice, we have introduced an output file-locking system to ensure the accuracy and consistency of information. This system collects input data, results data, and the initial fitting model in a single file, promoting transparency, reproducibility, collaboration, and innovation. To demonstrate SpectraFit's user-friendly interface and the advantages of its output file-locking system, we are focusing on a series of previously published iron-sulfur dimers and their XAS spectra. We will show how to analyze the XAS spectra via CLI and in a Jupyter Notebook by simultaneously fitting multiple data sets using SpectraFit. Additionally, we will demonstrate how SpectraFit can be used as a black box and white box solution, allowing users to apply their own algorithms to engineer the data further. This publication, along with its Supporting Information and the Jupyter Notebook, serves as a tutorial to guide users through each step of the process. SpectraFit will streamline the peak fitting process and provide a convenient, standardized platform for users to share fitting models, which we hope will improve transparency and reproducibility in the field of spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm W. Hahn
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Joseph Zsombor-Pindera
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of British
Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Pierre Kennepohl
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max
Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstraße 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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3
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Nickel R, Gibbs J, Burgess J, Shafer P, Meira DM, Sun C, van Lierop J. Nanoscale Size Effects on Push-Pull Fe-O Hybridization through the Multiferroic Transition of Perovskite ϵ-Fe 2O 3. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7845-7851. [PMID: 37625017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiferroics have tremendous potential to revolutionize logic and memory devices through new functionalities and energy efficiencies. To reach their optimal capabilities will require better understanding and enhancement of the ferroic orders and couplings. Herein, we use ϵ-Fe2O3 as a model system with a simplifying single magnetic ion. Using 15, 20, and 30 nm nanoparticles, we identify that a modified and size-dependent Fe-O hybridization changes the spin-orbit coupling and strengthens it via longer octahedra chains. Fe-O hybridization is modified through the incommensurate phase, with a unique two-step rearrangement of the electronic environment through this transition with attraction and then repulsion of electrons around tetrahedral Fe. Interestingly, size effects disappear in the high-temperature phase where the strongest Fe-O hybridization occurs. By manipulating this hybridization, we tune and control the multiferroic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Nickel
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Josh Gibbs
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jacob Burgess
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Padraic Shafer
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Debora Motta Meira
- CLS@APS, Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Blvd., Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Johan van Lierop
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Manitoba Institute for Materials, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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4
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Huang J, Qiu X, Zhao Z, Zhu H, Liu Y, Shi W, Liao P, Chen X. Single‐Product Faradaic Efficiency for Electrocatalytic of CO
2
to CO at Current Density Larger than 1.2 A cm
−2
in Neutral Aqueous Solution by a Single‐Atom Nanozyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210985. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Run Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xiao‐Feng Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhen‐Hua Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Hao‐Lin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yan‐Chen Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Wen Shi
- School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Pei‐Qin Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xiao‐Ming Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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5
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Huang JR, Qiu XF, Zhao ZH, Zhu HL, Liu YC, Shi W, Liao PQ, Chen XM. Single‐Product Faradaic Efficiency for Electrocatalytic of CO2 to CO at Current Density Larger than 1.2 A cm−2 in Neutral Aqueous Solution by a Single‐Atom Nanozyme. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hao-Lin Zhu
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Yan-Chen Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Wen Shi
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Pei-Qin Liao
- Sun Yat-Sen University School of Chemistry No. 135, Xingang Xi Road 510275 Guangzhou CHINA
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6
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Messegee ZT, Gall P, Bhandari H, Siegfried PE, Kang CJ, Chen B, Conti CR, Chen B, Croft M, Zhang Q, Qadri SN, Prestigiacomo J, Ghimire NJ, Gougeon P, Tan X. LiMo 8O 10: Polar Crystal Structure with Infinite Edge-Sharing Molybdenum Octahedra. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13924-13932. [PMID: 35993886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Polycrystalline LiMo8O10 was prepared in a sealed Mo crucible at 1380 °C for 48 h using the conventional high-temperature solid-state method. The polar tetragonal crystal structure (space group I41md) is confirmed based on the Rietveld refinement of powder neutron diffraction and 7Li/6Li solid-state NMR. The crystal structure features infinite chains of Mo4O5 (i.e., Mo2Mo4/2O6/2O6/3) as a repeat unit containing edge-sharing Mo6 octahedra with strong Mo-Mo metal bonding along the chain. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy of the Mo-L3 edge is consistent with the formal Mo valence/configuration. Magnetic measurements reveal that LiMo8O10 is paramagnetic down to 1.8 K. Temperature-dependent resistivity [ρ(T)] measurement indicates a semiconducting behavior that can be fitted with Mott's variable range hopping conduction mechanism in the temperature range of 215 and 45 K. The ρ(T) curve exhibits an exponential increase below 5 K with a large ratio of ρ1.8/ρ300 = 435. LiMo8O10 shows a negative field-dependent magnetoresistance between 2 and 25 K. Heat capacity measurement fitted with the modified Debye model yields the Debye temperature of 365 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Messegee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Philippe Gall
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS─INSA─Université de Rennes 1, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Hari Bhandari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States.,Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Peter E Siegfried
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States.,Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Chang-Jong Kang
- Department of Physics, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Quantum Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Carl R Conti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Banghao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Mark Croft
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Syed N Qadri
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Joseph Prestigiacomo
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Nirmal J Ghimire
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States.,Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
| | - Patrick Gougeon
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS─INSA─Université de Rennes 1, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Xiaoyan Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
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7
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Bahrami F, Hu X, Du Y, Lebedev OI, Wang C, Luetkens H, Fabbris G, Graf MJ, Haskel D, Ran Y, Tafti F. First demonstration of tuning between the Kitaev and Ising limits in a honeycomb lattice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl5671. [PMID: 35319975 PMCID: PMC8942356 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl5671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent observations of novel spin-orbit coupled states have generated interest in 4d/5d transition metal systems. A prime example is the [Formula: see text] state in iridate materials and α-RuCl3 that drives Kitaev interactions. Here, by tuning the competition between spin-orbit interaction (λSOC) and trigonal crystal field (ΔT), we restructure the spin-orbital wave functions into a previously unobserved [Formula: see text] state that drives Ising interactions. This is done via a topochemical reaction that converts Li2RhO3 to Ag3LiRh2O6. Using perturbation theory, we present an explicit expression for the [Formula: see text] state in the limit ΔT ≫ λSOC realized in Ag3LiRh2O6, different from the conventional [Formula: see text] state in the limit λSOC ≫ ΔT realized in Li2RhO3. The change of ground state is followed by a marked change of magnetism from a 6 K spin-glass in Li2RhO3 to a 94 K antiferromagnet in Ag3LiRh2O6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Bahrami
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Yonghua Du
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Oleg I. Lebedev
- Laboratoire CRISMAT, ENSICAEN-CNRS UMR6508, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Chennan Wang
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy (LMU), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Hubertus Luetkens
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy (LMU), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Gilberto Fabbris
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Michael J. Graf
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Daniel Haskel
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Ying Ran
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Fazel Tafti
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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8
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Svyazhin A, Nalbandyan V, Rovezzi M, Chumakova A, Detlefs B, Guda AA, Santambrogio A, Manceau A, Glatzel P. Chemical Information in the L 3 X-ray Absorption Spectra of Molybdenum Compounds by High-Energy-Resolution Detection and Density Functional Theory. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:869-881. [PMID: 34957831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
X-ray spectroscopy using high-energy-resolution fluorescence detection (HERFD) has critically increased the information content in X-ray spectra. We extend this technique to the tender X-ray range and present a study at the L3-edge of molybdenum. We show how information on the oxidation state, phase composition, and local environment in molybdenum-based compounds can be obtained by analyzing the HERFD L3 X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). We demonstrate that the chemical shift of the L3-edge HERFD spectra follows a parabolic dependence on the oxidation state and show that a qualitative analysis of high-resolution spectra can help to estimate parameters such as distortion of a ligand environment and radial order of atoms around the absorber. In certain cases, the spectra allow disentangling the contributions from bond lengths and angles to the distortion of the ligand polyhedron. Comparison of the high-resolution spectra with theoretical simulations shows that the single-electron approximation is able to reproduce the spectral shape. The results of this work may be useful in every branch of physics, inorganic and organometallic chemistry, catalysis, materials science, biochemistry, and mineralogy where observed changes in performance or chemical properties of Mo-based compounds, accompanied by small changes in spectral shape, are to be related to the details of electronic structure and local atomic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Svyazhin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France.,M. N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir Nalbandyan
- Chemistry Faculty, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Mauro Rovezzi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Irstea, Météo France, OSUG, FAME, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Aleksandra Chumakova
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Blanka Detlefs
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander A Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Alessandro Santambrogio
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Manceau
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ISTerre, CS 40700, 38058 Grenoble, France
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble, France
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9
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Nascimento DR, Biasin E, Poulter BI, Khalil M, Sokaras D, Govind N. Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering Calculations of Transition Metal Complexes Within a Simplified Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Framework. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3031-3038. [PMID: 33909424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) approach to compute the light-matter couplings between two different manifolds of excited states relative to a common ground state in the context of 4d transition metal systems. These quantities are the necessary ingredients to solve the Kramers-Heisenberg (KH) equation for resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and several other types of two-photon spectroscopies. The procedure is based on the pseudo-wavefunction approach, where the solutions of a TDDFT calculation can be used to construct excited-state wavefunctions, and on the restricted energy window approach, where a manifold of excited states can be rigorously defined based on the energies of the occupied molecular orbitals involved in the excitation process. Thus, the present approach bypasses the need to solve the costly TDDFT quadratic-response equations. We illustrate the applicability of the method to 4d transition metal molecular complexes by calculating the 2p4d RIXS maps of three representative ruthenium complexes and comparing them to experimental results. The method can capture all the experimental features in all three complexes to allow the assignment of the experimental peaks, with relative energies correct to within ∼0.6 eV at the cost of two independent TDDFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Nascimento
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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10
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Biasin E, Nascimento DR, Poulter BI, Abraham B, Kunnus K, Garcia-Esparza AT, Nowak SH, Kroll T, Schoenlein RW, Alonso-Mori R, Khalil M, Govind N, Sokaras D. Revealing the bonding of solvated Ru complexes with valence-to-core resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3713-3725. [PMID: 34163645 PMCID: PMC8179428 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06227h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ru-complexes are widely studied because of their use in biological applications and photoconversion technologies. We reveal novel insights into the chemical bonding of a series of Ru(ii)- and Ru(iii)-complexes by leveraging recent advances in high-energy-resolution tender X-ray spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. We perform Ru 2p4d resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) to probe the valence excitations in dilute solvated Ru-complexes. Combining these experiments with a newly developed theoretical approach based on time-dependent density functional theory, we assign the spectral features and quantify the metal-ligand bonding interactions. The valence-to-core RIXS features uniquely identify the metal-centered and charge transfer states and allow extracting the ligand-field splitting for all the complexes. The combined experimental and theoretical approach described here is shown to reliably characterize the ground and excited valence states of Ru complexes, and serve as a basis for future investigations of ruthenium, or other 4d metals active sites, in biological and chemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Biasin
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | - Daniel R Nascimento
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA
| | - Benjamin I Poulter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA
| | - Baxter Abraham
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Kristjan Kunnus
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | | | - Stanislaw H Nowak
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Thomas Kroll
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park CA 94025 USA
| | | | - Munira Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA
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11
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Zamora Zeledón JA, Stevens MB, Gunasooriya GTKK, Gallo A, Landers AT, Kreider ME, Hahn C, Nørskov JK, Jaramillo TF. Tuning the electronic structure of Ag-Pd alloys to enhance performance for alkaline oxygen reduction. Nat Commun 2021; 12:620. [PMID: 33504815 PMCID: PMC7840808 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-20923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alloying is a powerful tool that can improve the electrocatalytic performance and viability of diverse electrochemical renewable energy technologies. Herein, we enhance the activity of Pd-based electrocatalysts via Ag-Pd alloying while simultaneously lowering precious metal content in a broad-range compositional study focusing on highly comparable Ag-Pd thin films synthesized systematically via electron-beam physical vapor co-deposition. Cyclic voltammetry in 0.1 M KOH shows enhancements across a wide range of alloys; even slight alloying with Ag (e.g. Ag0.1Pd0.9) leads to intrinsic activity enhancements up to 5-fold at 0.9 V vs. RHE compared to pure Pd. Based on density functional theory and x-ray absorption, we hypothesize that these enhancements arise mainly from ligand effects that optimize adsorbate-metal binding energies with enhanced Ag-Pd hybridization. This work shows the versatility of coupled experimental-theoretical methods in designing materials with specific and tunable properties and aids the development of highly active electrocatalysts with decreased precious-metal content.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Zamora Zeledón
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Michaela Burke Stevens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Gallo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Alan T Landers
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Melissa E Kreider
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Christopher Hahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Jens K Nørskov
- Catalysis Theory Center, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas F Jaramillo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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12
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Lalrinkima, Ekuma CE, Chibueze TC, Fomin LA, Malikov IV, Zadeng L, Rai DP. Electronic, magnetic, vibrational, and X-ray spectroscopy of inverse full-Heusler Fe 2IrSi alloy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:11876-11885. [PMID: 33989367 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00418b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the electronic, magnetic, structural, vibrational, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy of the inverse full-Heusler Fe2IrSi alloy. We employed state-of-the-art first-principles computational techniques. Our ab initio calculations revealed a ferromagnetic half-metallicity with a magnetic moment of ∼5.01 μB, which follows the Slater Pauling rule. We show rich magnetic behavior due to spin-orbit coupling through the entanglement of the Fe-3d/Ir-5d orbitals. The large extension of the Ir-5d orbital and the itinerant Fe-3d states enhanced spin-orbit and electron-electron interactions, respectively. The analyses of our results reveal that electron-electron interactions are essential for the proper description of the electronic properties while spin-orbit coupling effects are vital to accurately characterize the X-ray absorption and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra. We estimate the strength of the spin-orbit coupling by comparing the intensity of the white-line features at the L3 and L2 absorption edges. This led to a branching ratio that deviates strongly from the statistical ratio of 2, indicative of strong spin-orbit coupling effects in the inverse full-Heusler Fe2IrSi alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalrinkima
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796004, India and Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Department of Physics, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796001, India.
| | - C E Ekuma
- Department of Physics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA.
| | - T C Chibueze
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
| | - L A Fomin
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 142432, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - I V Malikov
- Institute of Microelectronics Technology and High Purity Materials, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), 142432, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - L Zadeng
- Department of Physics, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796004, India
| | - D P Rai
- Physical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Department of Physics, Pachhunga University College, Mizoram University, Aizawl-796001, India.
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13
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Yu Y, Karayaylali P, Giordano L, Corchado-García J, Hwang J, Sokaras D, Maglia F, Jung R, Gittleson FS, Shao-Horn Y. Probing Depth-Dependent Transition-Metal Redox of Lithium Nickel, Manganese, and Cobalt Oxides in Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55865-55875. [PMID: 33283495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Layered lithium nickel, manganese, and cobalt oxides (NMC) are among the most promising commercial positive electrodes in the past decades. Understanding the detailed surface and bulk redox processes of Ni-rich NMC can provide useful insights into material design options to boost reversible capacity and cycle life. Both hard X-ray absorption (XAS) of metal K-edges and soft XAS of metal L-edges collected from charged LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) showed that the charge capacity up to removing ∼0.7 Li/f.u. was accompanied with Ni oxidation in bulk and near the surface (up to 100 nm). Of significance to note is that nickel oxidation is primarily responsible for the charge capacity of NMC622 and 811 up to similar lithium removal (∼0.7 Li/f.u.) albeit charged to different potentials, beyond which was followed by Ni reduction near the surface (up to 100 nm) due to oxygen release and electrolyte parasitic reactions. This observation points toward several new strategies to enhance reversible redox capacities of Ni-rich and/or Co-free electrodes for high-energy Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | | | - Roland Jung
- BMW Group, Petuelring 130, 80788 München, Germany
| | - Forrest S Gittleson
- BMW Group Technology Office USA, 2606 Bayshore Parkway, Mountain View, California 94043, United States
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14
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Najmi S, Rasmussen M, Innocenti G, Chang C, Stavitski E, Bare SR, Medford AJ, Medlin JW, Sievers C. Pretreatment Effects on the Surface Chemistry of Small Oxygenates on Molybdenum Trioxide. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Najmi
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mathew Rasmussen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, JSCBB D125, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Giada Innocenti
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Chaoyi Chang
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Eli Stavitski
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Simon R. Bare
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Andrew J. Medford
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - J. Will Medlin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, JSCBB D125, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
| | - Carsten Sievers
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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15
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Bauters S, Scheinost AC, Schmeide K, Weiss S, Dardenne K, Rothe J, Mayordomo N, Steudtner R, Stumpf T, Abram U, Butorin SM, Kvashnina KO. Signatures of technetium oxidation states: a new approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9608-9611. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03905e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A general strategy for the determination of Tc oxidation state by a new approach involving X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) at the Tc L3 edge is shown.
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16
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Feng HL, Deng Z, Croft M, Lapidus SH, Zu R, Gopalan V, Grams CP, Hemberger J, Liu S, Tyson TA, Frank CE, Jin C, Walker D, Greenblatt M. High-Pressure Synthesis and Ferrimagnetism of Ni 3TeO 6-Type Mn 2ScMO 6 (M = Nb, Ta). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:15953-15961. [PMID: 31724852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The corundum-related oxides Mn2ScNbO6 and Mn2ScTaO6 were synthesized at high pressure and high temperature (6 GPa and 1475 K). Analysis of the synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction shows that Mn2ScNbO6 and Mn2ScTaO6 crystallize in Ni3TeO6-type noncentrosymmetric crystal structures with space group R3. The asymmetric crystal structure was confirmed by second harmonic generation measurement. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopies indicate formal valence states of Mn2+2Sc3+Nb5+O6 and Mn2+2Sc3+Ta5+O6, also supported by the calculated bond valence sums. Both samples are electrically insulating. Magnetic measurements indicate that Mn2ScNbO6 and Mn2ScTaO6 order ferrimagnetically at 53 and 50 K, respectively, and Mn2ScTaO6 is found to have a field-induced magnetic transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai L Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Zheng Deng
- Institute of Physics, School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 603, Beijing , 100190 , China
| | - Mark Croft
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 136 Frelinghuysen Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Saul H Lapidus
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Rui Zu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Venkatraman Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Christoph P Grams
- Physikalisches Institut , Universität zu Köln , D 50937 Köln , Germany
| | - Joachim Hemberger
- Physikalisches Institut , Universität zu Köln , D 50937 Köln , Germany
| | - Sizhan Liu
- Department of Physics , New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark , New Jersey 07102 , United States
| | - Trevor A Tyson
- Department of Physics , New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark , New Jersey 07102 , United States
| | - Corey E Frank
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
| | - Changqing Jin
- Institute of Physics, School of Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , P.O. Box 603, Beijing , 100190 , China
| | - David Walker
- Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory , Columbia University , 61 Route 9W , P.O. Box 1000, Palisades , New York 10964 , United States
| | - Martha Greenblatt
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey , 610 Taylor Road , Piscataway , New Jersey 08854 , United States
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17
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Yu P, Long X, Zhang N, Feng X, Fu J, Zheng S, Ren G, Liu Z, Wang C, Liu X. Charge Distribution on S and Intercluster Bond Evolution in Mo 6S 8 during the Electrochemical Insertion of Small Cations Studied by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1159-1166. [PMID: 30789737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mo6S8 is regarded as a promising cathode material in rechargeable Mg batteries. Despite extensive studies, some fundamental questions are still unclarified, including the origination of the chemical stability, key factors inducing the structural evolution, and the factors determining the electrochemical reversibility. Herein Mo L2,3 and S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy are utilized to uncover the underlying mechanism. Two kinds of S with different effective charge are found, indicating the nonuniform charge distribution. With one cation inserted, the charge distribution becomes homogeneous, relevant to the chemical stability and electrochemical reversibility. The structural evolution is attributed to the change of bond length induced by the delocalization of inserted cations. Moreover, the evolution of intercluster Mo-Mo bond length can be revealed by the drastic change of the S K pre-edge and is closely related to the electrochemical reversibility. This study can shed light on the aforementioned questions and guide the development of Mg cathode material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
- Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies , Liyang City , Jiangsu 213300 , China
| | - Xinghui Long
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Nian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Jiamin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
- School of Physical Science and Technology , Shanghai Tech University , Shanghai 200031 , China
| | - Shun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Guoxi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
- School of Physical Science and Technology , Shanghai Tech University , Shanghai 200031 , China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics , Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200050 , China
- Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies , Liyang City , Jiangsu 213300 , China
- School of Physical Science and Technology , Shanghai Tech University , Shanghai 200031 , China
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18
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Albéric M, Stifler CA, Zou Z, Sun CY, Killian CE, Valencia S, Mawass MA, Bertinetti L, Gilbert PUPA, Politi Y. Growth and regrowth of adult sea urchin spines involve hydrated and anhydrous amorphous calcium carbonate precursors. JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY-X 2019; 1:100004. [PMID: 32647811 PMCID: PMC7337052 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjsbx.2019.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In various mineralizing marine organisms, calcite or aragonite crystals form through the initial deposition of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) phases with different hydration levels. Using X-ray PhotoEmission Electron spectroMicroscopy (X-PEEM), ACCs with varied spectroscopic signatures were previously identified. In particular, ACC type I and II were recognized in embryonic sea urchin spicules. ACC type I was assigned to hydrated ACC based on spectral similarity with synthetic hydrated ACC. However, the identity of ACC type II has never been unequivocally determined experimentally. In the present study we show that synthetic anhydrous ACC and ACC type II identified here in sea urchin spines, have similar Ca L2,3-edge spectra. Moreover, using X-PEEM chemical mapping, we revealed the presence of ACC-H2O and anhydrous ACC in growing stereom and septa regions of sea urchin spines, supporting their role as precursor phases in both structures. However, the distribution and the abundance of the two ACC phases differ substantially between the two growing structures, suggesting a variation in the crystal growth mechanism; in particular, ACC dehydration, in the two-step reaction ACC-H2O → ACC → calcite, presents different kinetics, which are proposed to be controlled biologically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Albéric
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Cayla A Stifler
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zhaoyong Zou
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Chang-Yu Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Christopher E Killian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sergio Valencia
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialen & Energie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Luca Bertinetti
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pupa U P A Gilbert
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,Departments of Chemistry, Geoscience, Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yael Politi
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
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19
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Kubin M, Guo M, Ekimova M, Baker ML, Kroll T, Källman E, Kern J, Yachandra VK, Yano J, Nibbering ETJ, Lundberg M, Wernet P. Direct Determination of Absolute Absorption Cross Sections at the L-Edge of Dilute Mn Complexes in Solution Using a Transmission Flatjet. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5449-5462. [PMID: 29634280 PMCID: PMC5972834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 3d transition metals play a pivotal role in many charge transfer processes in catalysis and biology. X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the L-edge of metal sites probes metal 2p-3d excitations, providing key access to their valence electronic structure, which is crucial for understanding these processes. We report L-edge absorption spectra of MnII(acac)2 and MnIII(acac)3 complexes in solution, utilizing a liquid flatjet for X-ray absorption spectroscopy in transmission mode. With this, we derive absolute absorption cross-sections for the L-edge transitions with peak magnitudes as large as 12 and 9 Mb for MnII(acac)2 and MnIII(acac)3, respectively. We provide insight into the electronic structure with ab initio restricted active space calculations of these L-edge transitions, reproducing the experimental spectra with excellent agreement in terms of shapes, relative energies, and relative intensities for the two complexes. Crystal field multiplet theory is used to assign spectral features in terms of the electronic structure. Comparison to charge transfer multiplet calculations reveals the importance of charge transfer in the core-excited final states. On the basis of our experimental observations, we extrapolate the feasibility of 3d transition metal L-edge absorption spectroscopy using the liquid flatjet approach in probing highly dilute biological solution samples and possible extensions to table-top soft X-ray sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kubin
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Meiyuan Guo
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Ekimova
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael L. Baker
- The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester at Harwell, Didcot, OX11 OFA, U.K
| | - Thomas Kroll
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Erik Källman
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Erik T. J. Nibbering
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Diercks CS, Lin S, Kornienko N, Kapustin EA, Nichols EM, Zhu C, Zhao Y, Chang CJ, Yaghi OM. Reticular Electronic Tuning of Porphyrin Active Sites in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1116-1122. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Song Lin
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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21
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Winter SM, Tsirlin AA, Daghofer M, van den Brink J, Singh Y, Gegenwart P, Valentí R. Models and materials for generalized Kitaev magnetism. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:493002. [PMID: 28914608 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa8cf5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The exactly solvable Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice has recently received enormous attention linked to the hope of achieving novel spin-liquid states with fractionalized Majorana-like excitations. In this review, we analyze the mechanism proposed by Jackeli and Khaliullin to identify Kitaev materials based on spin-orbital dependent bond interactions and provide a comprehensive overview of its implications in real materials. We set the focus on experimental results and current theoretical understanding of planar honeycomb systems (Na2IrO3, α-Li2IrO3, and α-RuCl3), three-dimensional Kitaev materials (β- and γ-Li2IrO3), and other potential candidates, completing the review with the list of open questions awaiting new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Winter
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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22
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MacMillan SN, Lancaster KM. X-ray Spectroscopic Interrogation of Transition-Metal-Mediated Homogeneous Catalysis: Primer and Case Studies. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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23
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Koitzsch A, Habenicht C, Müller E, Knupfer M, Büchner B, Kandpal HC, van den Brink J, Nowak D, Isaeva A, Doert T. J_{eff} Description of the Honeycomb Mott Insulator α-RuCl_{3}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:126403. [PMID: 27689287 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.126403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel ground states might be realized in honeycomb lattices with strong spin-orbit coupling. Here we study the electronic structure of α-RuCl_{3}, in which the Ru ions are in a d^{5} configuration and form a honeycomb lattice, by angle-resolved photoemission, x-ray photoemission, and electron energy loss spectroscopy supported by density functional theory and multiplet calculations. We find that α-RuCl_{3} is a Mott insulator with significant spin-orbit coupling, whose low energy electronic structure is naturally mapped onto J_{eff} states. This makes α-RuCl_{3} a promising candidate for the realization of Kitaev physics. Relevant electronic parameters such as the Hubbard energy U, the crystal field splitting 10 Dq, and the charge transfer energy Δ are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koitzsch
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - C Habenicht
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - E Müller
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Knupfer
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - B Büchner
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Solid State Physics, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - H C Kandpal
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
- Indian Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | - J van den Brink
- IFW-Dresden, P.O.Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - D Nowak
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - A Isaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Th Doert
- Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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24
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Hadt RG, Hayes D, Brodsky CN, Ullman AM, Casa DM, Upton MH, Nocera DG, Chen LX. X-ray Spectroscopic Characterization of Co(IV) and Metal-Metal Interactions in Co4O4: Electronic Structure Contributions to the Formation of High-Valent States Relevant to the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:11017-30. [PMID: 27515121 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The formation of high-valent states is a key factor in making highly active transition-metal-based catalysts of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). These high oxidation states will be strongly influenced by the local geometric and electronic structures of the metal ion, which are difficult to study due to spectroscopically active and complex backgrounds, short lifetimes, and limited concentrations. Here, we use a wide range of complementary X-ray spectroscopies coupled to DFT calculations to study Co(III)4O4 cubanes and their first oxidized derivatives, which provide insight into the high-valent Co(IV) centers responsible for the activity of molecular and heterogeneous OER catalysts. The combination of X-ray absorption and 1s3p resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (Kβ RIXS) allows Co(IV) to be isolated and studied against a spectroscopically active Co(III) background. Co K- and L-edge X-ray absorption data allow for a detailed characterization of the 3d-manifold of effectively localized Co(IV) centers and provide a direct handle on the t2g-based redox-active molecular orbital. Kβ RIXS is also shown to provide a powerful probe of Co(IV), and specific spectral features are sensitive to the degree of oxo-mediated metal-metal coupling across Co4O4. Guided by the data, calculations show that electron-hole delocalization can actually oppose Co(IV) formation. Computational extension of Co4O4 to CoM3O4 structures (M = redox-inactive metal) defines electronic structure contributions to Co(IV) formation. Redox activity is shown to be linearly related to covalency, and M(III) oxo inductive effects on Co(IV) oxo bonding can tune the covalency of high-valent sites over a large range and thereby tune E(0) over hundreds of millivolts. Additionally, redox-inactive metal substitution can also switch the ground state and modify metal-metal and antibonding interactions across the cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Casey N Brodsky
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Andrew M Ullman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | | | | | - Daniel G Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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25
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Guo M, Gao Y, Shao G. Complex doping chemistry owing to Mn incorporation in nanocrystalline anatase TiO2 powders. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:2818-29. [PMID: 26728111 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05318h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mn-doped TiO2 powders with a wide range of nominal doping levels were fabricated using a one-step hydrothermal method followed by 400 °C annealing. Anatase powders with a uniform size distribution below 10 nm were obtained. The maximum solubility of Mn in the TiO2 lattice was around 30%, beyond which the Mn3O4 compound appeared as a secondary phase. The optical absorption edges for Mn-doped anatase TiO2 were red-shifted effectively through increasing Mn content. Alloying chemistry and associated elemental valences were elaborated through combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and theoretical simulation in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that the Mn species exhibited mixed valence states of 3+ and 4+ in anatase TiO2, with the latter being the key to remarkable photocatalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Guo
- Institute for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technologies, University of Bolton, Bolton, BL3 5AB, UK. and Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yun Gao
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - G Shao
- Institute for Renewable Energy and Environmental Technologies, University of Bolton, Bolton, BL3 5AB, UK. and UK-China Centre for Multifunctional Nanomaterials, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China
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26
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Andrini L, Angelomé PC, Soler-Illia GJAA, Requejo FG. Understanding the Zr and Si interdispersion in Zr1−xSixO2 mesoporous thin films by using FTIR and XANES spectroscopy. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9977-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00203j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zr1−xSixO2 mesoporous oxide thin films were obtained and their interdispersion was demonstrated by careful characterization using spectroscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Andrini
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
- INIFTA - CONICET
- La Plata
- Argentina
| | - Paula C. Angelomé
- Gerencia Química
- Centro Atómico Constituyentes
- Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica
- San Martín
- Argentina
| | - Galo J. A. A. Soler-Illia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Analítica y Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales
- Universidad de Buenos Aires
- Buenos Aires
| | - Félix G. Requejo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas
- INIFTA - CONICET
- La Plata
- Argentina
- Departamento de Física
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27
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Quantitative use of electron energy-loss spectroscopy Mo-M2,3 edges for the study of molybdenum oxides. Ultramicroscopy 2015; 149:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Jayarathne U, Chandrasekaran P, Greene A, Mague JT, DeBeer S, Lancaster KM, Sproules S, Donahue JP. X-ray absorption spectroscopy systematics at the tungsten L-edge. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8230-41. [PMID: 25068843 PMCID: PMC4139175 DOI: 10.1021/ic500256a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of mononuclear six-coordinate tungsten compounds spanning formal oxidation states from 0 to +VI, largely in a ligand environment of inert chloride and/or phosphine, was interrogated by tungsten L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The L-edge spectra of this compound set, comprised of [W(0)(PMe3)6], [W(II)Cl2(PMePh2)4], [W(III)Cl2(dppe)2][PF6] (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), [W(IV)Cl4(PMePh2)2], [W(V)(NPh)Cl3(PMe3)2], and [W(VI)Cl6], correlate with formal oxidation state and have usefulness as references for the interpretation of the L-edge spectra of tungsten compounds with redox-active ligands and ambiguous electronic structure descriptions. The utility of these spectra arises from the combined correlation of the estimated branching ratio of the L3,2-edges and the L1 rising-edge energy with metal Zeff, thereby permitting an assessment of effective metal oxidation state. An application of these reference spectra is illustrated by their use as backdrop for the L-edge X-ray absorption spectra of [W(IV)(mdt)2(CO)2] and [W(IV)(mdt)2(CN)2](2-) (mdt(2-) = 1,2-dimethylethene-1,2-dithiolate), which shows that both compounds are effectively W(IV) species even though the mdt ligands exist at different redox levels in the two compounds. Use of metal L-edge XAS to assess a compound of uncertain formulation requires: (1) Placement of that data within the context of spectra offered by unambiguous calibrant compounds, preferably with the same coordination number and similar metal ligand distances. Such spectra assist in defining upper and/or lower limits for metal Zeff in the species of interest. (2) Evaluation of that data in conjunction with information from other physical methods, especially ligand K-edge XAS. (3) Increased care in interpretation if strong π-acceptor ligands, particularly CO, or π-donor ligands are present. The electron-withdrawing/donating nature of these ligand types, combined with relatively short metal-ligand distances, exaggerate the difference between formal oxidation state and metal Zeff or, as in the case of [W(IV)(mdt)2(CO)2], exert the subtle effect of modulating the redox level of other ligands in the coordination sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upul Jayarathne
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Perumalreddy Chandrasekaran
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77710, United States
| | - Angelique
F. Greene
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Stephen Sproules
- WestCHEM,
School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - James P. Donahue
- Department
of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
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29
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Rittmann-Frank MH, Milne CJ, Rittmann J, Reinhard M, Penfold TJ, Chergui M. Mapping of the Photoinduced Electron Traps in TiO2by Picosecond X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201310522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Rittmann-Frank MH, Milne CJ, Rittmann J, Reinhard M, Penfold TJ, Chergui M. Mapping of the photoinduced electron traps in TiO₂ by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:5858-62. [PMID: 24820181 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201310522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most popular material for applications in solar-energy conversion and photocatalysis, both of which rely on the creation, transport, and trapping of charges (holes and electrons). The nature and lifetime of electron traps at room temperature have so far not been elucidated. Herein, we use picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ti K-edge and the Ru L3-edge to address this issue for photoexcited bare and N719-dye-sensitized anatase and amorphous TiO2 nanoparticles. Our results show that 100 ps after photoexcitation, the electrons are trapped deep in the defect-rich surface shell in the case of anatase TiO2, whereas they are inside the bulk in the case of amorphous TiO2. In the case of dye-sensitized anatase or amorphous TiO2, the electrons are trapped at the outer surface. Only two traps were identified in all cases, with lifetimes in the range of nanoseconds to tens of nanoseconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hannelore Rittmann-Frank
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, ISIC-FSB, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland) http://lsu.epfl.ch/
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31
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In-situ Characterization of Molecular Processes in Liquids by Ultrafast X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. IN-SITU MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-45152-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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32
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Mitzner R, Rehanek J, Kern J, Gul S, Hattne J, Taguchi T, Alonso-Mori R, Tran R, Weniger C, Schröder H, Quevedo W, Laksmono H, Sierra RG, Han G, Lassalle-Kaiser B, Koroidov S, Kubicek K, Schreck S, Kunnus K, Brzhezinskaya M, Firsov A, Minitti MP, Turner JJ, Moeller S, Sauter NK, Bogan MJ, Nordlund D, Schlotter WF, Messinger J, Borovik A, Techert S, de Groot FMF, Föhlisch A, Erko A, Bergmann U, Yachandra VK, Wernet P, Yano J. L-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Dilute Systems Relevant to Metalloproteins Using an X-ray Free-Electron Laser. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:3641-3647. [PMID: 24466387 PMCID: PMC3901369 DOI: 10.1021/jz401837f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
L-edge spectroscopy of 3d transition metals provides important electronic structure information and has been used in many fields. However, the use of this method for studying dilute aqueous systems, such as metalloenzymes, has not been prevalent because of severe radiation damage and the lack of suitable detection systems. Here we present spectra from a dilute Mn aqueous solution using a high-transmission zone-plate spectrometer at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). The spectrometer has been optimized for discriminating the Mn L-edge signal from the overwhelming O K-edge background that arises from water and protein itself, and the ultrashort LCLS X-ray pulses can outrun X-ray induced damage. We show that the deviations of the partial-fluorescence yield-detected spectra from the true absorption can be well modeled using the state-dependence of the fluorescence yield, and discuss implications for the application of our concept to biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Mitzner
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Rehanek
- Institute for Nanometre Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kern
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Johan Hattne
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Taketo Taguchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Roberto Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Rosalie Tran
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christian Weniger
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning Schröder
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Wilson Quevedo
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartawan Laksmono
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Raymond G. Sierra
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Guangye Han
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Benedikt Lassalle-Kaiser
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sergey Koroidov
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katharina Kubicek
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Structural Dynamics of (Bio)Chemical Systems, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchtrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Schreck
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kristjan Kunnus
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Maria Brzhezinskaya
- Institute for Nanometre Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Firsov
- Institute for Nanometre Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael P. Minitti
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Joshua J. Turner
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Stefan Moeller
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Nicholas K. Sauter
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael J. Bogan
- Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- SSRL, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - William F. Schlotter
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Institutionen för Kemi, Kemiskt Biologiskt Centrum, Umeå Universitet, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrew Borovik
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Simone Techert
- Structural Dynamics of (Bio)Chemical Systems, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchtrotron (DESY), Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Föhlisch
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alexei Erko
- Institute for Nanometre Optics and Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uwe Bergmann
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Vittal K. Yachandra
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Junko Yano
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Van Kuiken BE, Valiev M, Daifuku SL, Bannan C, Strader ML, Cho H, Huse N, Schoenlein RW, Govind N, Khalil M. Simulating Ru L3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy with time-dependent density functional theory: model complexes and electron localization in mixed-valence metal dimers. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:4444-54. [PMID: 23635307 DOI: 10.1021/jp401020j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium L3-edge X-ray absorption (XA) spectroscopy probes unoccupied 4d orbitals of the metal atom and is increasingly being used to investigate the local electronic structure in ground and excited electronic states of Ru complexes. The simultaneous development of computational tools for simulating Ru L3-edge spectra is crucial for interpreting the spectral features at a molecular level. This study demonstrates that time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is a viable and predictive tool for simulating ruthenium L3-edge XA spectroscopy. We systematically investigate the effects of exchange correlation functional and implicit and explicit solvent interactions on a series of Ru(II) and Ru(III) complexes in their ground and electronic excited states. The TDDFT simulations reproduce all of the experimentally observed features in Ru L3-edge XA spectra within the experimental resolution (0.4 eV). Our simulations identify ligand-specific charge transfer features in complicated Ru L3-edge spectra of [Ru(CN)6](4-) and Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes illustrating the advantage of using TDDFT in complex systems. We conclude that the B3LYP functional most accurately predicts the transition energies of charge transfer features in these systems. We use our TDDFT approach to simulate experimental Ru L3-edge XA spectra of transition metal mixed-valence dimers of the form [(NC)5M(II)-CN-Ru(III)(NH3)5](-) (where M = Fe or Ru) dissolved in water. Our study determines the spectral signatures of electron delocalization in Ru L3-edge XA spectra. We find that the inclusion of explicit solvent molecules is necessary for reproducing the spectral features and the experimentally determined valencies in these mixed-valence complexes. This study validates the use of TDDFT for simulating Ru 2p excitations using popular quantum chemistry codes and providing a powerful interpretive tool for equilibrium and ultrafast Ru L3-edge XA spectroscopy.
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34
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Ikeno H, Krause M, Höche T, Patzig C, Hu Y, Gawronski A, Tanaka I, Rüssel C. Variation of Zr-L2,3 XANES in tetravalent zirconium oxides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:165505. [PMID: 23553581 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/16/165505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Zr-L2,3 XANESs of tetravalent zirconium oxides with different coordination numbers and local symmetries are systematically investigated by ab initio multiplet calculations using fully relativistic molecular spinors for model clusters. Experimental Zr-L2,3 XANESs are obtained for SrZrO3, m-ZrO2 (monoclinic) and t-ZrO2 (tetragonal). The theoretical spectra are in good agreement with the experimental data. The multiplet effects are found to play essential roles in determining the peak shape. The shapes of L3- and L2-edges are systematically different. The intensity ratios of the doublet peaks at both L3- and L2-edges are found to be sensitive to the coordination number of Zr. The ratio can therefore be used to estimate the coordination number of Zr in such oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidekazu Ikeno
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-Nishihiraki, Sakyo, Kyoto, Japan.
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35
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Zhang Y, Biggs JD, Healion D, Govind N, Mukamel S. Core and valence excitations in resonant X-ray spectroscopy using restricted excitation window time-dependent density functional theory. J Chem Phys 2013. [PMID: 23181305 DOI: 10.1063/1.4766356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report simulations of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and 1D stimulated X-ray Raman spectroscopy (SXRS) signals of cysteine at the oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur K and L(2,3) edges. Comparison of the simulated XANES signals with experiment shows that the restricted window time-dependent density functional theory is more accurate and computationally less expensive than the static exchange method. Simulated RIXS and 1D SXRS signals give some insights into the correlation of different excitations in the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 450 Rowland Hall, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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36
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El Nahhas A, van der Veen RM, Penfold TJ, Pham VT, Lima FA, Abela R, Blanco-Rodriguez AM, Zális̆ S, Vlc̆ek A, Tavernelli I, Rothlisberger U, Milne CJ, Chergui M. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Ground and Excited Rhenium–Carbonyl–Diimine Complexes: Evidence for a Two-Center Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:361-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp3106502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. El Nahhas
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R. M. van der Veen
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T. J. Penfold
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de chimie et biochimie computationnelles, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - V. T. Pham
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. A. Lima
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R. Abela
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institute, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - A. M. Blanco-Rodriguez
- School of Biological and Chemical
Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - S. Zális̆
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolej̆skova 3, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A. Vlc̆ek
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolej̆skova 3, Prague, Czech Republic
- School of Biological and Chemical
Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - I. Tavernelli
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de chimie et biochimie computationnelles, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - U. Rothlisberger
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de chimie et biochimie computationnelles, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C. J. Milne
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M. Chergui
- École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne, Laboratoire de spectroscopie ultrarapide, ISIC, FSB-BSP, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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37
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Lopata K, Van Kuiken BE, Khalil M, Govind N. Linear-Response and Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Studies of Core-Level Near-Edge X-Ray Absorption. J Chem Theory Comput 2012; 8:3284-92. [PMID: 26605735 DOI: 10.1021/ct3005613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We discuss our implementation and application of time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to core-level near-edge absorption spectroscopy, using both linear-response (LR) and real-time (RT) approaches. We briefly describe our restricted excitation window TDDFT (REW-TDDFT) approach for core excitations, which has also been reported by other groups. This is followed by a detailed discussion of real-time TDDFT techniques tailored to core excitations, including obtaining spectral information through delta-function excitation, postprocessing time-dependent signals, and resonant excitation through quasi-monochromatic excitation. We present results for the oxygen K-edge of water and carbon monoxide; the carbon K-edge of carbon monoxide; the ruthenium L3-edge for the hexaamminerutheium(III) ion, including scalar relativistic corrections via the zeroth order regular approximation (ZORA); and the carbon and fluorine K-edges for a series of fluorobenzenes. In all cases, the calculated spectra are found to be in reasonable agreement with experimental results, requiring only a uniform shift ranging from -4 eV to +19 eV, i.e., on the order of a few percent of the excitation energy. Real-time TDDFT visualization of excited state charge densities is used to visually examine the nature of each excitation, which gives insight into the effects of atoms bound to the absorbing center.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lopata
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - B E Van Kuiken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - M Khalil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - N Govind
- William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Van Kuiken BE, Huse N, Cho H, Strader ML, Lynch MS, Schoenlein RW, Khalil M. Probing the Electronic Structure of a Photoexcited Solar Cell Dye with Transient X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1695-700. [PMID: 26285730 DOI: 10.1021/jz300671e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study uses transient X-ray absorption (XA) spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) to directly visualize the charge density around the metal atom and the surrounding ligands following an ultrafast metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) process in the widely used Ru(II) solar cell dye, Ru(dcbpy)2(NCS)2 (termed N3). We measure the Ru L-edge XA spectra of the singlet ground ((1)A1) and the transient triplet ((3)MLCT) excited state of N3(4-) and perform TD-DFT calculations of 2p core-level excitations, which identify a unique spectral signature of the electron density on the NCS ligands. We find that the Ru 2p, Ru eg, and NCS π* orbitals are stabilized by 2.0, 1.0, and 0.6 eV, respectively, in the transient (3)MLCT state of the dye. These results highlight the role of the NCS ligands in governing the oxidation state of the Ru center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Van Kuiken
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Nils Huse
- ‡Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hana Cho
- ‡Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew L Strader
- ‡Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael S Lynch
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Robert W Schoenlein
- ‡Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Munira Khalil
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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39
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Alperovich I, Smolentsev G, Moonshiram D, Jurss JW, Concepcion JJ, Meyer TJ, Soldatov A, Pushkar Y. Understanding the electronic structure of 4d metal complexes: from molecular spinors to L-edge spectra of a di-Ru catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:15786-94. [PMID: 21866913 DOI: 10.1021/ja207409q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
L(2,3)-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has demonstrated unique capabilities for the analysis of the electronic structure of di-Ru complexes such as the blue dimer cis,cis-[Ru(III)(2)O(H(2)O)(2)(bpy)(4)](4+) water oxidation catalyst. Spectra of the blue dimer and the monomeric [Ru(NH(3))(6)](3+) model complex show considerably different splitting of the Ru L(2,3) absorption edge, which reflects changes in the relative energies of the Ru 4d orbitals caused by hybridization with a bridging ligand and spin-orbit coupling effects. To aid the interpretation of spectroscopic data, we developed a new approach, which computes L(2,3)-edges XAS spectra as dipole transitions between molecular spinors of 4d transition metal complexes. This allows for careful inclusion of the spin-orbit coupling effects and the hybridization of the Ru 4d and ligand orbitals. The obtained theoretical Ru L(2,3)-edge spectra are in close agreement with experiment. Critically, existing single-electron methods (FEFF, FDMNES) broadly used to simulate XAS could not reproduce the experimental Ru L-edge spectra for the [Ru(NH(3))(6)](3+) model complex nor for the blue dimer, while charge transfer multiplet (CTM) calculations were not applicable due to the complexity and low symmetry of the blue dimer water oxidation catalyst. We demonstrated that L-edge spectroscopy is informative for analysis of bridging metal complexes. The developed computational approach enhances L-edge spectroscopy as a tool for analysis of the electronic structures of complexes, materials, catalysts, and reactive intermediates with 4d transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Alperovich
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, 525 Northwestern Avenue, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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40
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Ligand Field and Molecular Orbital Theories of Transition Metal X-ray Absorption Edge Transitions. MOLECULAR ELECTRONIC STRUCTURES OF TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES I 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2011_60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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41
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Huse N, Kim TK, Jamula L, McCusker JK, de Groot FMF, Schoenlein RW. Photo-Induced Spin-State Conversion in Solvated Transition Metal Complexes Probed via Time-Resolved Soft X-ray Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:6809-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ja101381a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Huse
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Lab, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Tae Kyu Kim
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Lab, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Lindsey Jamula
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Lab, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - James K. McCusker
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Lab, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Frank M. F. de Groot
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Lab, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Robert W. Schoenlein
- Ultrafast X-ray Science Lab, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, Department of Chemistry, Utrecht University, 3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands, and Material Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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42
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Bressler C, Chergui M. Molecular Structural Dynamics Probed by Ultrafast X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2010; 61:263-82. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.012809.103353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Majed Chergui
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, ISIC, Faculté des Sciences de Base, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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43
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Sproules S, Benedito FL, Bill E, Weyhermüller T, DeBeer George S, Wieghardt K. Characterization and electronic structures of five members of the electron transfer series [Re(benzene-1,2-dithiolato)3](z) (z = 1+, 0, 1-, 2-, 3-): a spectroscopic and density functional theoretical study. Inorg Chem 2010; 48:10926-41. [PMID: 19831363 DOI: 10.1021/ic9010532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of ReCl(5) with 3 equiv of a benzene-1,2-dithiolate derivative in CH(3)CN produced, after the addition of [C(8)H(16)N]Br ([C(8)H(16)N](+) is 5-azonia-spiro[4,4]nonane), brownish-green crystals of [C(8)H(16)N][Re(tms)(3)] (1c) and [C(8)H(16)N][Re(Cl(2)-bdt)(3)] (2c), where (tms)(2-) represents 3,6-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene-1,2-dithiolate and (Cl(2)-bdt)(2-) is 3,6-dichlorobenzene-1,2-dithiolate. Chemical reduction of [Re(bdt)(3)] (3b) with n-butyllithium in the presence of PPh(4)Br yielded [PPh(4)][Re(bdt)(3)] (3c), where (bdt)(2-) is benzene-1,2-dithiolate. The three monoanionic complexes possess a diamagnetic ground state (Re(V), d(2), S = 0). The crystal structures of 1c x 2 CH(3)CN and 2c x C(3)H(6)O have been determined by X-ray crystallography. The electrochemistry establishes that the complexes are members of electron transfer series involving a monocation [Re(V)(L(*))(2)(L)](+) (S = 0(?)), a neutral [Re(V)(L(*))(L)(2)](0) (S = 1/2), a monoanion [Re(V)(L)(3)](1-) (S = 0), a dianion [Re(IV)(L)(3)](2-) (S = 1/2), and a trianion [Re(III)(L)(3)](3-) (S = 1(?)). The unique X-band EPR spectrum of the neutral species clearly describes a diamagnetic Re(V) d(2) central ion with the unpaired electron located in a purely ligand-centered molecular orbital, whereas it is metal-centered in the dianionic form: a Re(IV) d(3) ion with three dithiolate(2-) ligands. S K-edge and Re L-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirms these assignments and furthermore shows that the monoanion has a Re(V) central ion with three dianionic ligands. The geometrical and electronic structures of all members of the electron transfer series have been calculated by density functional theoretical methods, and the S K-pre-edge spectra have been simulated and assigned using a time-dependent DFT protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sproules
- Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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44
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Chergui M. Picosecond and femtosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy of molecular systems. Acta Crystallogr A 2010; 66:229-39. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730904968x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to visualize molecular structure in the course of a chemical reaction, a phase transformation or a biological function has been a dream of scientists for decades. The development of time-resolved X-ray and electron-based methods is making this true. X-ray absorption spectroscopy is ideal for the study of structural dynamics in liquids, because it can be implemented in amorphous media. Furthermore, it is chemically selective. Using X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) in laser pump/X-ray probe experiments allows the retrieval of the local geometric structure of the system under study, but also the underlying photoinduced electronic structure changes that drive the structural dynamics. Recent developments in picosecond and femtosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy applied to molecular systems in solution are reviewed: examples on ultrafast photoinduced processes such as intramolecular electron transfer, low-to-high spin change, and bond formation are presented.
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45
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Gawelda W, Pham VT, van der Veen RM, Grolimund D, Abela R, Chergui M, Bressler C. Structural analysis of ultrafast extended x-ray absorption fine structure with subpicometer spatial resolution: Application to spin crossover complexes. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:124520. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3081884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Kumagai Y, Ikeno H, Tanaka I. All-electron CI calculations of 3d transition-metal L(2,3) XANES using zeroth-order regular approximation for relativistic effects. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:104209. [PMID: 21817429 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/10/104209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
X-ray-absorption near-edge structures (XANES) at 3d transition-metal (TM) L(2,3) edges are computed using the all-electron configuration interaction (CI) method. Slater determinants for the CI calculations are composed of molecular orbitals obtained by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of model clusters. Relativistic effects are taken into account by the zeroth-order regular approximation (ZORA) using two-component wavefunctions. The theoretical spectra are found to be strongly dependent on the quality of the one-electron basis functions. On the other hand, a different choice of the exchange-correlation functionals for the DFT calculations does not exhibit visible changes in the spectral shape. Fine details of multiplet structures in the experimental TM L(2,3) XANES of MnO, FeO and CoO are well reproduced by the present calculations when the one-electron basis functions are properly selected. This is consistent with our previous report showing good agreement between theoretical and experimental TM L(2,3) XANES when four-component relativistic wavefunctions were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kumagai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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47
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Fronzoni G, Stener M, Decleva P, Simone MD, Coreno M, Franceschi P, Furlani C, Prince KC. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of VOCl3, CrO2Cl2, and MnO3Cl: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2914-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp808720z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Fronzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Unita’ di Trieste, and INFM DEMOCRITOS National Simulation Center, Trieste, Italy
| | - M. Stener
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Unita’ di Trieste, and INFM DEMOCRITOS National Simulation Center, Trieste, Italy
| | - P. Decleva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy, and Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali, INSTM, Unita’ di Trieste, and INFM DEMOCRITOS National Simulation Center, Trieste, Italy
| | - M. de Simone
- CNR-INFM, Laboratorio Nazionale TASC, Trieste, Italy, and INSTM, Unità di Trieste
| | - M. Coreno
- CNR-IMIP, c/o Sincrotrone ELETTRA, Trieste, Italy, and INSTM, Unità di Trieste
| | - P. Franceschi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Centro Sperimentale IASMA, via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - C. Furlani
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tre e Accademia dei Lincei, Roma, Italy
| | - K. C. Prince
- Sincrotrone Trieste S.c.pA, Trieste, Italy, and CNR-INFM, Laboratorio Nazionale TASC, Trieste, Italy
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48
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Demasi A, Reid I, Piper LFJ, Matsuura AY, Downes JE, Smith. KE. Soft X-ray spectroscopy study of electronic structure in the organic semiconductor titanyl phthalocyanine (TiO-Pc). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b717224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Borca CN, Ristoiu D, Jeong HK, Komesu T, Caruso AN, Pierre J, Ranno L, Nozières JP, Dowben PA. Epitaxial growth and surface properties of half-metal NiMnSb films. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2007; 19:315211. [PMID: 21694111 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/19/31/315211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present, herein, an extended study of the half-Heusler alloy NiMnSb, starting with the deposition technique, continuing with the basic structural and magnetic properties of the thin films, and finishing with the electronic and compositional properties of their surfaces. The experimental methods we apply combine magnetization and magnetoresistivity measurements, atomic force microscopy, ferromagnetic resonance, x-ray and neutron diffraction, low energy electron diffraction, angle resolved x-ray photoemission, extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and spin polarized inverse photoemission spectroscopy. We find that stoichiometric surfaces exhibit close to 100% spin polarization at the centre of the surface Brillouin zone at the Fermi edge at ambient temperatures. There is strong evidence for a moment reordering transition at around 80 K which marks the crossover from a high polarization state (T<80 K) to a more representative metallic ferromagnetic state (T>80 K). The results from the different experimental techniques are successively reviewed, with special emphasis on the interplay between composition and electronic structure of the NiMnSb film surfaces. Surface segregation, consistent with a difference in free enthalpy between the surface and the bulk, is induced by annealing treatments. This surface segregation greatly reduces the surface polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C N Borca
- Swiss Light Source and the Laboratory for Waste Management, Paul Scherrer Institute, Viligen PSI CH-5232, Switzerland
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50
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Jalilehvand F, Mah V, Leung BO, Ross D, Parvez M, Aroca RF. Structural Characterization of Molybdenum(V) Species in Aqueous HCl Solutions. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:4430-45. [PMID: 17474736 DOI: 10.1021/ic062047c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mo(V) aqua-chloro complexes in hydrochloric acid solutions have been studied by means of Mo K- and L2,3-edge X-ray absorption and Raman spectroscopic methods. The solid compounds (HPPh3)2[MoOCl5] (1), 6[MoOCl4(H2O)]-.10(pyH)+.4Cl- (2), and (pyH)2[Mo2O4Cl4(trans-OH2)2] (3) were used for structural comparisons. The compound 2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmma (no. 51) with a=21.398(3), b=8.057(4), c=13.330(4) A, and Z=4. In 0.2 M solutions of MoCl5 in 7.4-9.4 M HCl the mononuclear [MoOCl4(OH2)]- complex dominates with the bond distances Mo=O 1.66(2) A, Mo-Cl 2.38(2) A, and Mo-OH2 2.30(2) A. Its Raman band at 994 cm-1 for the Mo=O symmetric stretching vibration is closer to that of 2 (988 cm-1) than of 1 (969 cm-1). The Mo K-edge EXAFS spectrum for 0.2 M MoCl5 in 1.7 M HCl solution reveals a dinuclear [Mo2O4Cl6-n(OH2)n]n-4 (n=2, 3) complex with a double oxygen bridge and the average distances Mo=O 1.67(2) A, Mo-(mu-O) 1.93(2) A, Mo-Cl 2.47(3) A, Mo-Mo 2.56(2) A, and a short Mo-OH2 distance of 2.15(2) A, which implies that at least one of the aqua ligands is in equatorial position relative to the two axial Mo=O bonds. This position differs from the Mo-OH2 configuration exclusively trans to the M=O groups of the isomeric (with n=2) dinuclear complex in 3. The difference in the ligand field is also reflected in their L2,3-edge XANES spectra. For 0.2 M MoCl5 solutions in intermediate HCl concentrations (3.7-6.3 M) the Raman bands at 802 cm-1 (Mo-O-Mo) and 738 cm-1 (Mo-(mu-O)2-Mo) verify three coexisting classes of Mo(V) complexes: mononuclear complexes together with dinuclear mono-oxo (e.g., [Mo2O3Cl6(H2O)2]2-) and dioxo bridged species, even though principal component analysis (PCA) of the corresponding series of EXAFS spectra only could distinguish two major components. By fitting linear combinations of the appropriate EXAFS oscillation components, dioxo-bridged dinuclear complexes were found to dominate at HCl concentrations<or=4.5 M, a conclusion supported by the Mo L2,3-edge XANES spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Jalilehvand
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4.
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