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Osei-Agyemang E, Paul JF, Lucas R, Foucaud S, Cristol S, Mamede AS, Nuns N, Addad A. Characterizing the ZrC(111)/ c-ZrO 2(111) Hetero-Ceramic Interface: First Principles DFT and Atomistic Thermodynamic Modeling. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092954. [PMID: 35566301 PMCID: PMC9100914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical and physical properties of zirconium carbide (ZrC) are limited to its ability to deteriorate in oxidizing environments. Low refractory oxides are typically formed as layers on ZrC surfaces when exposed to the slightest concentrations of oxygen. However, this carbide has a wide range of applications in nuclear reactor lines and nozzle flaps in the aerospace industry, just to name a few. To develop mechanically strong and oxygen-resistant ZrC materials, the need for studying and characterizing the oxidized layers, with emphasis on the interfacial structure between ZrC and the oxidized phases, cannot be understated. In this paper, the ZrC(111)//c-ZrO2 (111) interface was studied by both finite temperature molecular dynamic simulation and DFT. The interfacial mechanical properties were characterized by the work of adhesion which revealed a Zr|OO|Zr|OO//ZrC(111) interface model as the most stable with an oxygen layer from ZrO2 being deposited on the ZrC(111) surface. Further structural analysis at the interface showed a crack in the first ZrO2 layer at the interfacial region. Investigations of the electronic structure using the density of state calculations and Bader charge analysis revealed the interfacial properties as local effects with no significant impacts in the bulk regions of the interface slab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Osei-Agyemang
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1660, USA;
| | - Jean-François Paul
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Romain Lucas
- IRCER, UMR 7315, Université de Limoges, F-87068 Limoges, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-587502350
| | - Sylvie Foucaud
- IRCER, UMR 7315, Université de Limoges, F-87068 Limoges, France;
| | - Sylvain Cristol
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Mamede
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Nicolas Nuns
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Ahmed Addad
- CNRS-UMR 8207, UMÉT, Unité MatÉriaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France;
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2
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Pacchioni G. From Li clusters to nanocatalysis: A brief tour of 40 years of cluster chemistry. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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3
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Zhang R, Chutia A, Sokol AA, Chadwick D, Catlow CRA. A computational investigation of the adsorption of small copper clusters on the CeO 2(110) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:19329-19342. [PMID: 34524332 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02973h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a detailed density functional theory (DFT) study of the geometrical and electronic properties, and the growth mechanism of a Cun (n = 1-4) cluster on a stoichiometric, and especially on a defective CeO2(110) surface with one surface oxygen vacancy, without using pre-assumed gas-phase Cun cluster shapes. This gives new and valuable theoretical insight into experimental work regarding debatable active sites of promising CuOx/CeO2-nanorod catalysts in many reactions. We demonstrate that CeO2(110) is highly reducible upon Cun adsorption, with electron transfer from Cun clusters, and that a Cun cluster grows along the long bridge sites until Cu3, so that each Cu atom can interact strongly with surface oxygen ions at these sites, forming stable structures on both stoichiometric and defective CeO2(110) surface. Cu-Cu interactions are, however, limited, since Cu atoms are distant from each other, inhibiting the formation of Cu-Cu bonds. This monolayer then begins to grow into a bilayer as seen in the Cu3 to Cu4 transition, with long-bridge site Cu as anchoring sites. Our calculations on Cu4 adsorption reveal a Cu bilayer rich in Cu+ species at the Cu-O interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Dept of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | | | - Alexey A Sokol
- Dept of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St., London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - David Chadwick
- Dept of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- Dept of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St., London WC1H 0AJ, UK.,School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 1AT, UK
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4
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Taifan WE, Li Y, Baltrus JP, Zhang L, Frenkel AI, Baltrusaitis J. Operando Structure Determination of Cu and Zn on Supported MgO/SiO2 Catalysts during Ethanol Conversion to 1,3-Butadiene. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William E. Taifan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - John P. Baltrus
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 626 Cochrans Mill Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jonas Baltrusaitis
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, B336 Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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5
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Natile MM, Carlotto S, Bizzotto G, Vittadini A, Glisenti A. Small Copper Clusters Supported on SrTiO
3
: An Experimental and Theoretical Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta M. Natile
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l′Energia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ICMATE‐CNR Via F. Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Padova Via F. Marzolo 1 35151 Padova Italy
| | - Silvia Carlotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Padova Via F. Marzolo 1 35151 Padova Italy
| | - Gianmaria Bizzotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Padova Via F. Marzolo 1 35151 Padova Italy
| | - Andrea Vittadini
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l′Energia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ICMATE‐CNR Via F. Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Padova Via F. Marzolo 1 35151 Padova Italy
| | - Antonella Glisenti
- Istituto di Chimica della Materia Condensata e di Tecnologie per l′Energia Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ICMATE‐CNR Via F. Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università degli Studi di Padova Via F. Marzolo 1 35151 Padova Italy
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Liu Y, Wang Q, Liu H, Li K, Jia L, Li D, Hou B, Wang B. Insights into the metal-support interaction between NiCu cluster and MgO as well as its effect on H adsorption and H2 dissociation. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Catalytic conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene on MgO: A comprehensive mechanism elucidation using DFT calculations. J Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2016.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Atomic scale behavior, growth morphology and magnetic properties of CoO on MgO(100) surface: a density functional study. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Bochicchio D, Ferrando R, Panizon E, Rossi G. Structures and segregation patterns of Ag-Cu and Ag-Ni nanoalloys adsorbed on MgO(0 0 1). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:064005. [PMID: 26795034 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/6/064005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Low-energy geometric structures and segregation patterns of Ag-Cu and Ag-Ni nanoparticles adsorbed on MgO(0 0 1) are searched for by global optimisation methods within an atomistic potential model. Sizes betwen 100 and 300 atoms are considered for several compositions. In all cases, Ag segregates to the nanoparticle surface, so that Cu@Ag and Ni@Ag core-shell arrangements are found, with off-centre cores for Ag-rich compositions. The behaviours of Ag-Cu and Ag-Ni differ at the interface with the MgO substrate. For Ag-Cu, some Cu atoms are at the interface even for compositions that are very rich in Ag, where Ag-Ni nanoparticles present an interface completely made of Ag atoms. Ag-Ni and Ag-Cu also differ concerning their geometric structures. With increasing Ag content, in Ag-Cu we find the structural sequence faulted fcc [Formula: see text] icosahedral [Formula: see text] fcc, while in Ag-Ni we find the sequence hcp [Formula: see text] faulted fcc-faulted hcp [Formula: see text] icosahedral [Formula: see text] fcc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bochicchio
- Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy
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10
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Pašti IA, Skorodumova NV. Structural, electronic, magnetic and chemical properties of B-, C- and N-doped MgO(001) surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:426-35. [PMID: 26616345 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05831g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Doping of simple oxide materials can give rise to new exciting physical and chemical properties and open new perspectives for a variety of possible applications. Here we use density functional theory calculations to investigate the B-, C- and N-doped MgO(001) surfaces. We have found that the investigated dopants induce magnetization of the system amounting to 3, 2 and 1 μB for B, C and N, respectively. The dopants are found to be in the X(2-) state and tend to segregate to the surface. These impurity sites also present the centers of altered chemical reactivity. We probe the chemisorption properties of the doped MgO(001) surfaces with the CO molecule and atomic O. The adsorption of CO is much stronger on B- and C-doped MgO(001) compared to pure MgO(001) as the impurity sites serve as potent electron donors. The situation is similar to the case of atomic oxygen, for which we find the adsorption energy of -8.78 eV on B-doped MgO(001). The surface reactivity changes locally around the dopant atom, which is mainly restricted to its first coordination shell. The presented results suggest doped MgO as a versatile multifunctional material with possible use as an adsorbent or a catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Pašti
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia.
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11
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Watanabe Y. Atomically precise cluster catalysis towards quantum controlled catalysts. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2014; 15:063501. [PMID: 27877723 PMCID: PMC5090382 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/15/6/063501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Catalysis of atomically precise clusters supported on a substrate is reviewed in relation to the type of reactions. The catalytic activity of supported clusters has generally been discussed in terms of electronic structure. Several lines of evidence have indicated that the electronic structure of clusters and the geometry of clusters on a support, including the accompanying cluster-support interaction, are strongly correlated with catalytic activity. The electronic states of small clusters would be easily affected by cluster-support interactions. Several studies have suggested that it is possible to tune the electronic structure through atomic control of the cluster size. It is promising to tune not only the number of cluster atoms, but also the hybridization between the electronic states of the adsorbed reactant molecules and clusters in order to realize a quantum-controlled catalyst.
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12
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Heard CJ, Heiles S, Vajda S, Johnston RL. Pd(n)Ag(4-n) and Pd(n)Pt(4-n) clusters on MgO (100): a density functional surface genetic algorithm investigation. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:11777-11788. [PMID: 25158024 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03363a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The novel surface mode of the Birmingham Cluster Genetic Algorithm (S-BCGA) is employed for the global optimisation of noble metal tetramers upon an MgO (100) substrate at the GGA-DFT level of theory. The effect of element identity and alloying in surface-bound neutral subnanometre clusters is determined by energetic comparison between all compositions of PdnAg(4-n) and PdnPt(4-n). While the binding strengths to the surface increase in the order Pt > Pd > Ag, the excess energy profiles suggest a preference for mixed clusters for both cases. The binding of CO is also modelled, showing that the adsorption site can be predicted solely by electrophilicity. Comparison to CO binding on a single metal atom shows a reversal of the 5σ-d activation process for clusters, weakening the cluster-surface interaction on CO adsorption. Charge localisation determines homotop, CO binding and surface site preferences. The electronic behaviour, which is intermediate between molecular and metallic particles allows for tunable features in the subnanometre size range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Heard
- Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412-96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Woodruff DP. Quantitative Structural Studies Of Corundum and Rocksalt Oxide Surfaces. Chem Rev 2013; 113:3863-86. [DOI: 10.1021/cr3002998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Cui Y, Huang K, Nilius N, Freund HJ. Charge competition with oxygen molecules determines the growth of gold particles on doped CaO films. Faraday Discuss 2013; 162:153-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd20130a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Pacchioni G. Electronic interactions and charge transfers of metal atoms and clusters on oxide surfaces. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:1737-57. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43731g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Gómez-Gualdrón DA, McKenzie GD, Alvarado JFJ, Balbuena PB. Dynamic evolution of supported metal nanocatalyst/carbon structure during single-walled carbon nanotube growth. ACS NANO 2012; 6:720-735. [PMID: 22133430 DOI: 10.1021/nn204215c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SCWNTs) have outstanding properties that depend on structural features such as their chirality. Thus, developing a strategy to control chirality during SWCNT synthesis is critical for the exploitation of nanotube-based technologies in fields such as electronics and biomedicine. In response to this need, tuning the nanocatalyst structure has been envisioned as a means to control the nanotube structure. We use reactive classical molecular dynamics to simulate nanotube growth on supported Ni(32), Ni(80), and Ni(160) nanoparticles at various metal/support interaction strengths (E(adh)). The initial carbon ring formation is shown to correlate to the nanoparticle surface structure, demonstrating the existence of a "template effect" through a dominant occupation of hollow sites. The E(adh) strength alters the dynamic/structural behavior of the nanoparticle, in turn influencing the interplay between nanotube and nanoparticle structures. For example, the contact region between the nanoparticle surface and the growing nanotube decreases as E(adh) increases because capillary forces that raise the metal into the nanotube are counteracted by the strong metal/support interaction. The nanoparticle mobility decreases as E(adh) increases, eliminating a possible inverse template effect but hindering defect annealing in detriment of the nanotube/nanoparticle structural correlation. On the other hand, the contact between the nanoparticle and the nanotube increases with nanoparticle size. However, the heterogeneity of the nanoparticle structure increases with size, reducing the structural correlation. These results suggest that an appropriate combination of nanoparticle size and strength of the catalyst/support interaction may enhance the desired template effect and bias formation of specific nanotube chiralities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Gómez-Gualdrón
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences and Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
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17
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Habibpour V, Wang ZW, Palmer RE, Heiz U. Size-selected Metal Clusters: New Models for Catalysis with Atomic Precision. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2011.1164.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Gómez-Gualdrón DA, Zhao J, Balbuena PB. Nanocatalyst structure as a template to define chirality of nascent single-walled carbon nanotubes. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:014705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3509387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Rodriguez JA, Liu P, Pérez M, Liu G, Hrbek J. Destruction of SO2 on Au and Cu Nanoparticles Dispersed on MgO(100) and CeO2(111). J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:3802-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp905761s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Rodriguez
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Ping Liu
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Manuel Pérez
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Gang Liu
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
| | - Jan Hrbek
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, and Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela
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Ferrando R, Rossi G, Nita F, Barcaro G, Fortunelli A. Interface-stabilized phases of metal-on-oxide nanodots. ACS NANO 2008; 2:1849-1856. [PMID: 19206424 DOI: 10.1021/nn800315x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The control of the structure of oxide-supported metal nanoparticles is crucial in determining their properties and possible applications. Here, building principles are derived for predicting the epitaxies of metal nanoparticles on square-symmetry oxide surfaces. Unusual phases are found for an appropriate choice of the metal-oxide pair, where nanoparticles with hcp structure are stabilized for fcc metals such as Ni, Pd, and Pt, or for Co in a size range in which Co has typically nonhcp arrangements. These predictions are supported by a comparison with available experimental data on Ni/MgO(100) nanodots, and generalized to a whole class of metal-oxide systems of great potential interest, such as Pd and Pt on CaO, Ni on CoO, and Co on MgO. The atomistic features of the nanoparticles in turn suggest that these materials should possess peculiar properties; in particular, the facets exposed by the nanodots reveal adsorption sites with unusual geometry of possible effect on their catalytic properties, while the destabilization of stacking faults and the structural deformations observed for these particles are expected to influence their magnetic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Ferrando
- dagger Dipartimento di Fisica and INFM/CNR, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, I16146, Italy.
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21
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Zhu J, Farmer JA, Ruzycki N, Xu L, Campbell CT, Henkelman G. Calcium Adsorption on MgO(100): Energetics, Structure, and Role of Defects. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:2314-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ja077865y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junfa Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165
| | - Jason A. Farmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165
| | - Nancy Ruzycki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165
| | - Charles T. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165
| | - Graeme Henkelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-0165
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Walter M, Frondelius P, Honkala K, Häkkinen H. Electronic structure of MgO-supported Au clusters: quantum dots probed by scanning tunneling microscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 99:096102. [PMID: 17931021 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.096102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We investigate via density functional theory (DFT) the appearance of small MgO-supported gold clusters with 8 to 20 atoms in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) experiment. Comparison of simulations of ultrathin films on a metal support with a bulk MgO leads to similar results for the cluster properties relevant for STM. Simulated STM pictures show the delocalized states of the cluster rather than the atomic structure. This finding is due to the presence of s- derived delocalized states of the cluster near the Fermi energy. The properties of theses states can be understood from a jellium model for monovalent gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Walter
- Department of Physics, Nanoscience Center, P. O. Box 35, University of Jyväskylä, FIN-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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Ab initio thermodynamics for the growth of ultra-thin Cu film on a perfect MgO(001) surface. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2005.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barcaro G, Fortunelli A. The Interaction of Coinage Metal Clusters with the MgO(100) Surface. J Chem Theory Comput 2005; 1:972-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ct050073e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Barcaro
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF) del C. N. R., via V. Alfieri 1, 56010 Ghezzano (PI), Italy
| | - Alessandro Fortunelli
- Molecular Modeling Laboratory, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici (IPCF) del C. N. R., via V. Alfieri 1, 56010 Ghezzano (PI), Italy
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25
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Investigating the role of cationic vacancy on the MgO (001) defect surface: Embedded cluster models study. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Geneste G, Morillo J, Finocchi F. Adsorption and diffusion of Mg, O, and O2 on the MgO(001) flat surface. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:174707. [PMID: 15910060 DOI: 10.1063/1.1886734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A thorough investigation of the adsorption and diffusion of Mg, O, and O(2) on MgO(001) terraces is performed by first-principles calculations. The single Mg adatom weakly binds to surface oxygens, diffuses, and evaporates easily at room temperatures. Atomic O strongly binds to surface oxygens, forming peroxide groups. The diffusion of the O adatom is strongly influenced by the spin polarization, since energy barriers are significantly different for the singlet and triplet states. The crossing of the two Born-Oppenheimer surfaces corresponding to the distinct spin states is also analyzed. Although the O(2) molecule does not stick to the perfect surface, it chemisorbs on surface nonstoichiometric point defects such as O vacancies or Mg adatoms, forming in the latter case new chemical species on the surface. We show that the oxidation rate limiting factor in an O(2) atmosphere is the concentration of point defects (O vacancies and Mg adatoms) in the growing surface. The simulated O core-level shifts for the various adsorption configurations enable a meaningful comparison with the measured values, suggesting the presence of peroxide ions on growing surfaces. Finally, the computed energy barriers are used to estimate the Mg and O surface lifetimes and diffusion lengths, and some implications for the homoepitaxial growth of MgO are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégory Geneste
- Centre d'Elaboration de Matériaux et d'Etudes Structurales, Unité Propre de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UPR CNRS), Toulouse, France
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27
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LUKASZEW RA, ZHANG Z, PEARSON D, PAN X, CLARKE R, YEADON M. SURFACE NANOPATTERNING EFFECTS, STRUCTURE AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF EPITAXIAL Ni FILMS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2004. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x04002590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the correlation between film structures and the azimuthal dependence of the magnetization reversal in (001) and (111) Ni films grown on MgO substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). For as-grown (001) Ni films, the coercive field exhibits four-fold azimuthal symmetry while in-situ annealed films exhibit additional uniaxial anisotropy. In-situ STM images show surface stripe nanopatterning on the annealed films, which is absent in the as-grown ones. Cross sectional TEM seems to indicate the presence of a highly ordered interfacial layer that we postulate may be fcc NiO . Tetragonal distortion of this layer upon annealing may have induced the uniaxial anisotropy observed in the magnetic properties. Polarized neutron reflectivity measurements performed on some of the films are correlated with the interfacial surface structure and the magnetic anisotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. LUKASZEW
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - Z. ZHANG
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - D. PEARSON
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
| | - X. PAN
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, 500 E. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 42109, USA
| | - R. CLARKE
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Michigan, 500 E. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 42109, USA
| | - M. YEADON
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602, Singapore
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28
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Del Vitto A, Sousa C, Illas F, Pacchioni G. Optical properties of Cu nanoclusters supported on MgO(100). J Chem Phys 2004; 121:7457-66. [PMID: 15473820 DOI: 10.1063/1.1796311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The vertical transitions of Cu atoms, dimers, and tetramers deposited on the MgO surface have been investigated by means of ab initio calculations based either on complete active space second-order perturbation theory or on time-dependent density functional theory. Three adsorption sites have been considered as representative of the complexity of the MgO surface: regular sites at flat (100) terraces, extended defects such as monoatomic steps, and point defects such as neutral oxygen vacancies (F or color centers). The optical properties of the supported Cu clusters have been compared with those of the corresponding gas-phase units. Upon deposition a substantial modification of the energy levels of the supported cluster is induced by the Pauli repulsion with the substrate. This causes shifts in the optical transitions going from free to supported clusters. The changes in cluster geometry induced by the substrate have a much smaller effect on the optical absorption bands. On F centers the presence of filled impurity levels in the band gap of MgO results in a strong mixing with the empty levels of the Cu atoms and clusters with consequent deep changes in the optical properties of the color centers. The results allow to interpret electron energy loss spectra of Cu atoms deposited on MgO thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Del Vitto
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via R. Cozzi 53,I-20125 Milano, Italy
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29
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Xu YJ, Li JQ, Zhang YF, Chen WK. The adsorption and dissociation of Cl2 on the MgO (001) surface with vacancies: Embedded cluster model study. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:8753-60. [PMID: 15267807 DOI: 10.1063/1.1697375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of Cl(2) at a low-coordinated oxygen site (edge or corner site) and vacancy site (terrace, edge, corner F, F(+), or F(2+) center) has been studied by the density functional method, in conjunction with the embedded cluster models. First, we have studied the adsorption of Cl(2) at the edge and corner oxygen sites and the results show that Cl(2), energetically, is inclined to adsorb at the corner oxygen site. Moreover, similar to the most advantageous adsorption mode for Cl(2) on the MgO (001) perfect surface, the most favorable adsorption occurs when Cl(2) approaches the corner oxygen site along the normal direction. A small amount of electrons are transferred from the substrate to the antibonding orbital of the adsorbate, leading to the Cl-Cl bond strength weakened a little. Regarding Cl(2) adsorption at the oxygen vacancy site (F, F(+), or F(2+) center), both large adsorption energies and rather much elongation of the Cl-Cl bond length have been obtained, in particular at the corner oxygen vacancy site, with concurrently large amounts of electrons transferred from the substrate to the antibonding orbital of Cl(2). It suggests, at the oxygen vacancy site, that Cl(2) prefers to dissociate into Cl subspecies. And the potential energy surface indicates that the dissociation process of molecular Cl(2) to atomic Cl is virtually barrierless.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350002,
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Grönbeck
- Department of Applied Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Broqvist
- Department of Applied Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
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31
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Grönbeck H, Broqvist P. Pt and Pt2 on MgO(100) and BaO(100): structure, bonding, and chemical properties. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1591736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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32
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Lopez N, Paniagua JC, Illas F. Controlling the spin of metal atoms adsorbed on oxide surfaces: Ni on regular and defective sites of the MgO(001) surface. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1515733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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33
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Abstract
The calormetically measured heats of adsorption of Cu, Ag, and Pb on MgO(100), previously measured in our group, are correlated with bulk properties of the metals and their sticking probabilities and film morphologies. The low-coverage heats of adsorption (when the metals are mainly in two-dimensional (2D) islands) are used to estimate metal-MgO(100) bond energies within a pairwise bond additivity model. These values correlate well with the observed initial sticking probabilities and saturation island densities of the metals. This supports a transient mobile precursor model for adsorption. The values also correlate with their bulk sublimation energies, which suggests that covalent metal-Mg bonding dominates the interaction at low coverage, probably due to very strong bonding at defects. The heats of adsorption integrated up to multilayer coverages provide the metal-MgO(100) adhesion energies and metal-MgO(100) bond energies for metals in 3D films. These values correlate with the sum of magnitudes of the metal's bulk sublimation energy plus the heat of formation of the bulk oxide of the metal per mole of metal atoms. This suggests that local chemical bonds, both metal-oxygen and covalent metal-Mg, dominate the interfacial bonding for 3D films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles T Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, USA.
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34
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Ma Q, Klier K, Cheng H, Mitchell JW, Hayes KS. Interaction between Catalyst and Support. 3. Metal Agglomeration on the Silica Surface. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011341h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
This review discusses the reactivities and thermodynamics of small-size-specific transition metal clusters and focuses on thermodynamic information, which has not been comprehensively discussed before. Because of this focus, guided-ion-beam mass spectrometry was used to acquire much of the data. The details of this technique and the associated data analysis methods are provided. Results on the stabilities of bare transition metal clusters are provided for neutral, cationic, and anionic species. Implications for the electronic and geometrical structures are discussed, as well as the extrapolation of these values to bulk phase behavior. Detailed results for reactions of transition metal clusters with D2 and the oxygen donors O2 and CO2 are reviewed. Available bond energies between size-specific clusters and one D atom and one and two O atoms are compiled, and their implications are evaluated and favorably compared with bulk phase analogs. Several additional thermodynamic studies of various cluster systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Armentrout
- Chemistry Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
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36
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Christensen A, Carter EA. Adhesion of ultrathin ZrO2(111) films on Ni(111) from first principles. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1352079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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37
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Schweinfest R, Köstlmeier S, Ernst F, Elsäser C, Wagner T, Finnis MW. Atomistic and electronic structure of Al/MgAl2O4and Ag/MgAl2O4interfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/01418610151133375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Lopez N. Effect of the basicity of the support on the properties of deposited metal atoms. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1335818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Cai S, Neyman KM, Hu A, Rösch N. Tungsten Atoms and Clusters Adsorbed on the MgO(001) Surface: A Density Functional Study. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002538x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Cai
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Konstantin M. Neyman
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Anguang Hu
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Notker Rösch
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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40
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41
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Rodriguez JA, Jirsak T, Freitag A, Larese JZ, Maiti A. Interaction of SO2 with MgO(100) and Cu/MgO(100): Decomposition Reactions and the Formation of SO3 and SO4. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp000806l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Tomas Jirsak
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Andrea Freitag
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - John Z. Larese
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Amitesh Maiti
- Molecular Simulations Inc., 9685 Scranton Road, San Diego, California 92121
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42
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Xu Z, Baer M, Varandas AJC. On phase factors and geometric phases in isotopes of H3: A line integral study. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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43
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Rodriguez JA, Jirsak T, Chaturvedi S. Reaction of H2S with MgO(100) and Cu/MgO(100) surfaces: Band-gap size and chemical reactivity. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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López N, Illas F, Pacchioni G. Electronic Effects in the Activation of Supported Metal Clusters: Density Functional Theory Study of H2 Dissociation on Cu/SiO2. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp991655t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Núria López
- Departament de Química Física i Centre de Recerca en Química Teòrica,Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Illas
- Departament de Química Física i Centre de Recerca en Química Teòrica,Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
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45
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Lopez N, Illas F, Rösch N, Pacchioni G. Adhesion energy of Cu atoms on the MgO(001) surface. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Lopez N, Illas F, Pacchioni G. Ab Initio Theory of Metal Deposition on SiO2. 1. Cun (n = 1−5) Clusters on Nonbridging Oxygen Defects. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9840174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Lopez
- Departament de Quimica Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Illas
- Departament de Quimica Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano-Bicocca, via Emanueli, 15 - 20126 Milano, Italy
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47
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Lopez N, Illas F, Pacchioni G. Adsorption of Cu, Pd, and Cs Atoms on Regular and Defect Sites of the SiO2 Surface. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja981753c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Lopez
- Contribution from the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano, via Emanueli, 15, 20126 Milano, Italy, and Departament de Quimica Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Illas
- Contribution from the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano, via Emanueli, 15, 20126 Milano, Italy, and Departament de Quimica Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gianfranco Pacchioni
- Contribution from the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano, via Emanueli, 15, 20126 Milano, Italy, and Departament de Quimica Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Marti i Franques 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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48
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Matveev AV, M. Neyman K, Pacchioni G, Rösch N. Density functional study of M4 clusters (M=Cu, Ag, Ni, Pd) deposited on the regular MgO(001) surface. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)01183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Heiz U, Vanolli F, Sanchez A, Schneider WD. Size-Dependent Molecular Dissociation on Mass-Selected, Supported Metal Clusters. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja981181w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Heiz
- Contribution from the Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F. Vanolli
- Contribution from the Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A. Sanchez
- Contribution from the Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - W.-D. Schneider
- Contribution from the Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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50
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Hybrid quantum-mechanical and molecular mechanics study of Cu atoms deposition on SiO2 surface defects. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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