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Dhondoo N, Cornette J, Foucaud S, Colas M, Lucas-Roper R. Contribution of Dynamic Rheology Coupled to FTIR and Raman Spectroscopies to the Real-Time Shaping Ability of a Hyperbranched Polycarbosilane. Molecules 2023; 28:6476. [PMID: 37764253 PMCID: PMC10538020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of non-oxide ceramics, the polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) approach appears to be very promising, especially for obtaining easily shaped and homogeneous materials in terms of structure and composition. However, in order to reach a suitable form during the process, it is often necessary to study the rheology of preceramic polymers while they are modified during polymerisation or crosslinking reactions. Given this need in the understanding of the real-time rheology of macromolecules during their synthesis, a rheometer coupled with both an infrared spectrometer and a Raman probe is described as a powerful tool for monitoring in situ synthesised polycarbosilanes. Indeed, this original device allows one to control the viscosity of a hyberbranched polycarbosilane from defined difunctional and tetrafunctional monomers. Meanwhile, it links this evolution to structural modifications in the macromolecular structure (molar masses, dispersity and conformation), based on SEC-MALS analyses, synchronised by the monomer conversion determined by using Raman and infrared spectroscopies, a common denominator of the aforementioned instrumental platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maggy Colas
- IRCER, UMR 7315, Université de Limoges, F-87068 Limoges, France; (N.D.); (J.C.); (S.F.)
| | - Romain Lucas-Roper
- IRCER, UMR 7315, Université de Limoges, F-87068 Limoges, France; (N.D.); (J.C.); (S.F.)
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Osei-Agyemang E, Paul JF, Lucas R, Foucaud S, Cristol S, Mamede AS, Nuns N, Addad A. Characterizing the ZrC(111)/ c-ZrO 2(111) Hetero-Ceramic Interface: First Principles DFT and Atomistic Thermodynamic Modeling. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092954. [PMID: 35566301 PMCID: PMC9100914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanical and physical properties of zirconium carbide (ZrC) are limited to its ability to deteriorate in oxidizing environments. Low refractory oxides are typically formed as layers on ZrC surfaces when exposed to the slightest concentrations of oxygen. However, this carbide has a wide range of applications in nuclear reactor lines and nozzle flaps in the aerospace industry, just to name a few. To develop mechanically strong and oxygen-resistant ZrC materials, the need for studying and characterizing the oxidized layers, with emphasis on the interfacial structure between ZrC and the oxidized phases, cannot be understated. In this paper, the ZrC(111)//c-ZrO2 (111) interface was studied by both finite temperature molecular dynamic simulation and DFT. The interfacial mechanical properties were characterized by the work of adhesion which revealed a Zr|OO|Zr|OO//ZrC(111) interface model as the most stable with an oxygen layer from ZrO2 being deposited on the ZrC(111) surface. Further structural analysis at the interface showed a crack in the first ZrO2 layer at the interfacial region. Investigations of the electronic structure using the density of state calculations and Bader charge analysis revealed the interfacial properties as local effects with no significant impacts in the bulk regions of the interface slab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Osei-Agyemang
- Department of Materials Design and Innovation, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260-1660, USA;
| | - Jean-François Paul
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Romain Lucas
- IRCER, UMR 7315, Université de Limoges, F-87068 Limoges, France;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-587502350
| | - Sylvie Foucaud
- IRCER, UMR 7315, Université de Limoges, F-87068 Limoges, France;
| | - Sylvain Cristol
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Anne-Sophie Mamede
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Nicolas Nuns
- UMR 8181—UCCS—Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, Université de Lille 1, F-59000 Lille, France; (J.-F.P.); (S.C.); (A.-S.M.); (N.N.)
| | - Ahmed Addad
- CNRS-UMR 8207, UMÉT, Unité MatÉriaux et Transformations, F-59000 Lille, France;
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Bernard M, Lucas R, Laadoua H, Khaldi Z, Pradeilles N, Rapaud O, Foucaud S, Zerrouki R, Brouillette F. A simple and tailor‐made fabrication of porous silicon carbide from functionalized kraft pulp paper. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mégane Bernard
- Université de Limoges, IRCER‐CNRS, UMR 7315Centre Européen de la Céramique (CEC) 12 rue Atlantis Limoges F‐87068 France
| | - Romain Lucas
- Université de Limoges, IRCER‐CNRS, UMR 7315Centre Européen de la Céramique (CEC) 12 rue Atlantis Limoges F‐87068 France
| | - Hatim Laadoua
- Université de Limoges, IRCER‐CNRS, UMR 7315Centre Européen de la Céramique (CEC) 12 rue Atlantis Limoges F‐87068 France
| | - Zineb Khaldi
- Université de LimogesLaboratoire PEIRENE, équipe SylvaLim 123 avenue Albert Thomas Limoges F‐87060 France
| | - Nicolas Pradeilles
- Université de Limoges, IRCER‐CNRS, UMR 7315Centre Européen de la Céramique (CEC) 12 rue Atlantis Limoges F‐87068 France
| | - Olivier Rapaud
- Université de Limoges, IRCER‐CNRS, UMR 7315Centre Européen de la Céramique (CEC) 12 rue Atlantis Limoges F‐87068 France
| | - Sylvie Foucaud
- Université de Limoges, IRCER‐CNRS, UMR 7315Centre Européen de la Céramique (CEC) 12 rue Atlantis Limoges F‐87068 France
| | - Rachida Zerrouki
- Université de LimogesLaboratoire PEIRENE, équipe SylvaLim 123 avenue Albert Thomas Limoges F‐87060 France
- Centre de recherche sur les matériaux lignocellulosiques (CRML)Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières 3351 boul. des Forges C.P 500 Trois‐Rivières Canada
| | - François Brouillette
- Centre de recherche sur les matériaux lignocellulosiques (CRML)Université du Québec à Trois‐Rivières 3351 boul. des Forges C.P 500 Trois‐Rivières Canada
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Piriou C, Viers L, Lucas R, Bouzat F, Laadoua H, Champavier Y, Foucaud S, Coelho C, Babonneau F. Rheological and thermal behaviours of a hyperbranched polycarbosilane. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Viers
- Université de Limoges; IRCER, UMR 7315 F-87068 Limoges France
| | - Romain Lucas
- Université de Limoges; IRCER, UMR 7315 F-87068 Limoges France
| | - Fabien Bouzat
- Université de Limoges; IRCER, UMR 7315 F-87068 Limoges France
| | - Hatim Laadoua
- Université de Limoges; IRCER, UMR 7315 F-87068 Limoges France
| | - Yves Champavier
- BISCEm, Service de RMN, CBRS; rue Bernard Descottes F-87025 Limoges France
| | - Sylvie Foucaud
- Université de Limoges; IRCER, UMR 7315 F-87068 Limoges France
| | - Cristina Coelho
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Paris-Centre; FR2482 F-75005 Paris France
| | - Florence Babonneau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, LCMCP; F-75005 Paris France
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Muñoz M, Goutier S, Foucaud S, Mariaux G, Poirier T. Droplet size prediction in ultrasonic nebulization for non-oxide ceramic powder synthesis. Ultrasonics 2018; 84:25-33. [PMID: 29073484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Spray pyrolysis process has been used for the synthesis of non-oxide ceramic powders from liquid precursors in the Si/C/N system. Particles with a high thermal stability and with variable composition and size distribution have been obtained. In this process, the mechanisms involved in precursor decomposition and gas phase recombination of species are still unknown. The final aim of this work consists in improving the whole process comprehension by an experimental/modelling approach that helps to connect the synthesized particles characteristics to the precursor properties and process operating parameters. It includes the following steps: aerosol formation by a piezoelectric nebulizer, its transport and the chemical-physical phenomena involved in the reaction processes. This paper focuses on the aerosol characterization to understand the relationship between the liquid precursor properties and the liquid droplet diameter distribution. Liquids with properties close to the precursor of interest (hexamethyldisilazane) have been used. Experiments have been performed using a shadowgraphy technique to determine the drop size distribution of the aerosol. For all operating parameters of the nebulizer device and liquids used, bimodal droplet size distributions have been obtained. Correlations proposed in the literature for the droplet size prediction by ultrasonic nebulization were used and adapted to the specific nebulizer device used in this study, showing rather good agreement with experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Muñoz
- SPCTS-UMR 7315, Centre Européen de la Céramique, 12 rue Atlantis, 87068 Limoges Cedex, France.
| | - Simon Goutier
- SPCTS-UMR 7315, Centre Européen de la Céramique, 12 rue Atlantis, 87068 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Sylvie Foucaud
- SPCTS-UMR 7315, Centre Européen de la Céramique, 12 rue Atlantis, 87068 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Gilles Mariaux
- SPCTS-UMR 7315, Centre Européen de la Céramique, 12 rue Atlantis, 87068 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Thierry Poirier
- Institut de Céramique Française, PEC, Ester Technopole, 1 avenue d'Ester, 87069 Limoges Cedex, France
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Darsy G, Bouzat F, Muñoz M, Lucas R, Foucaud S, Diogo CC, Babonneau F, Leconte Y, Maître A. Monitoring a polycycloaddition by the combination of dynamic rheology and FTIR spectroscopy. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Osei-Agyemang E, Paul JF, Lucas R, Foucaud S, Cristol S. Stability, equilibrium morphology and hydration of ZrC(111) and (110) surfaces with H2O: a combined periodic DFT and atomistic thermodynamic study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03031e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ZrC is a non-oxide ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) material with excellent physical and mechanical properties used in nuclear plants and jet propulsion engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Osei-Agyemang
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
- UMR-CNRS 8181
- 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille
- France
| | - Jean-Francois Paul
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
- UMR-CNRS 8181
- 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille
- France
| | - Romain Lucas
- Laboratoire Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS)
- UMR-CNRS 7315
- 87068 Limoges
- France
| | - Sylvie Foucaud
- Laboratoire Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS)
- UMR-CNRS 7315
- 87068 Limoges
- France
| | - Sylvain Cristol
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS)
- UMR-CNRS 8181
- 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, Lille
- France
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Chehaidi S, Foucaud S, Maître A, Goursat P, Bessada C, Rakhmatullin A, Champavier Y. Two synthesis routes of organometallic precursors for the elaboration of SiCNYO pre-alloyed nanopowders. Appl Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Palard M, Combes J, Champion E, Foucaud S, Rattner A, Bernache-Assollant D. Effect of silicon content on the sintering and biological behaviour of Ca10(PO4)(6-x)(SiO4)x(OH)(2-x) ceramics. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:1223-32. [PMID: 19036652 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Silicated hydroxyapatite powders (Ca10(PO4)(6-x)(SiO4)x(OH)(2-x); Si(x)HA) were synthesized using a wet precipitation method. The sintering of Si(x)HA ceramics with 0 < or = x < or = 1 was investigated. For 0 < or = x < or = 0.5, the sintering rate and grain growth decreased slightly with the amount of silicate. For larger amounts, the sintering behaviour differed with the formation of secondary phases before total densification. Sintering parameters (temperature and time) were adjusted to each composition to produce dense materials having similar microstructure without formation of these secondary phases. Dense ceramics made of pure hydroxyapatite and Si(x)HA containing various amounts of silicate (up to x = 0.6) were biologically tested in vitro with human osteoblast-like cells. The proliferation of cells on the surface of the ceramics increased up to 5 days of culture, indicating that the materials were biocompatible. However, the silicon content did not influence the cell proliferation.
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Le Fèvre O, Paltani S, Arnouts S, Charlot S, Foucaud S, Ilbert O, McCracken HJ, Zamorani G, Bottini D, Garilli B, Le Brun V, Maccagni D, Picat JP, Scaramella R, Scodeggio M, Tresse L, Vettolani G, Zanichelli A, Adami C, Bardelli S, Bolzonella M, Cappi A, Ciliegi P, Contini T, Franzetti P, Gavignaud I, Guzzo L, Iovino A, Marano B, Marinoni C, Mazure A, Meneux B, Merighi R, Pellò R, Pollo A, Pozzetti L, Radovich M, Zucca E, Arnaboldi M, Bondi M, Bongiorno A, Busarello G, Gregorini L, Lamareille F, Mathez G, Mellier Y, Merluzzi P, Ripepi V, Rizzo D. A large population of galaxies 9 to 12 billion years back in the history of the Universe. Nature 2005; 437:519-21. [PMID: 16177783 DOI: 10.1038/nature03979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 06/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To understand the evolution of galaxies, we need to know as accurately as possible how many galaxies were present in the Universe at different epochs. Galaxies in the young Universe have hitherto mainly been identified using their expected optical colours, but this leaves open the possibility that a significant population remains undetected because their colours are the result of a complex mix of stars, gas, dust or active galactic nuclei. Here we report the results of a flux-limited I-band survey of galaxies at look-back times of 9 to 12 billion years. We find 970 galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts between 1.4 and 5. This population is 1.6 to 6.2 times larger than previous estimates, with the difference increasing towards brighter magnitudes. Strong ultraviolet continua (in the rest frame of the galaxies) indicate vigorous star formation rates of more than 10-100 solar masses per year. As a consequence, the cosmic star formation rate representing the volume-averaged production of stars is higher than previously measured at redshifts of 3 to 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Le Fèvre
- Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, OAMP, UMR6110, CNRS, Université de Provence Aix-Marseille I, BP8, F-13376 Marseille cedex 12, France.
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