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Gopakumar G, Muchová E, Unger I, Malerz S, Trinter F, Öhrwall G, Lipparini F, Mennucci B, Céolin D, Caleman C, Wilkinson I, Winter B, Slavíček P, Hergenhahn U, Björneholm O. Probing aqueous ions with non-local Auger relaxation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8661-8671. [PMID: 35356960 PMCID: PMC9007223 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Non-local analogues of Auger decay are increasingly recognized as important relaxation processes in the condensed phase. Here, we explore non-local autoionization, specifically Intermolecular Coulombic Decay (ICD), of a series of aqueous-phase isoelectronic cations following 1s core-level ionization. In particular, we focus on Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+ ions. We unambiguously identify the ICD contribution to the K-edge Auger spectrum. The different strength of the ion-water interactions is manifested by varying intensities of the respective signals: the ICD signal intensity is greatest for the Al3+ case, weaker for Mg2+, and absent for weakly-solvent-bound Na+. With the assistance of ab initio calculations and molecular dynamics simulations, we provide a microscopic understanding of the non-local decay processes. We assign the ICD signals to decay processes ending in two-hole states, delocalized between the central ion and neighbouring water. Importantly, these processes are shown to be highly selective with respect to the promoted water solvent ionization channels. Furthermore, using a core-hole-clock analysis, the associated ICD timescales are estimated to be around 76 fs for Mg2+ and 34 fs for Al3+. Building on these results, we argue that Auger and ICD spectroscopy represents a unique tool for the exploration of intra- and inter-molecular structure in the liquid phase, simultaneously providing both structural and electronic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geethanjali Gopakumar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Isaak Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Malerz
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Florian Trinter
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Straße 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gunnar Öhrwall
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Denis Céolin
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, Paris, France
| | - Carl Caleman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Department of Locally-Sensitive & Time-Resolved Spectroscopy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Petr Slavíček
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, Prague 6, 166 28, Czech Republic.
| | - Uwe Hergenhahn
- Molecular Physics Department, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Olle Björneholm
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Püttner R, Marchenko T, Guillemin R, Journel L, Goldsztejn G, Céolin D, Takahashi O, Ueda K, Lago AF, Piancastelli MN, Simon M. Si 1s -1, 2s -1 and 2p -1 lifetime broadening of SiX 4 (X = F, Cl, Br, CH 3) molecules: SiF 4 anomalous behaviour reassessed. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:8827-8836. [PMID: 30972388 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07369d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Si 1s-1, Si 2s-1, and Si 2p-1 photoelectron spectra of the SiX4 molecules with X = F, Cl, Br, CH3 were measured. From these spectra the Si 1s-1 and Si 2s-1 lifetime broadenings were determined, revealing a significantly larger value for the Si 2s-1 core hole of SiF4 than for the same core hole of the other molecules of the sequence. This finding is in line with the results of the Si 2p-1 core holes of a number of SiX4 molecules, with an exceptionally large broadening for SiF4. For the Si 2s-1 core hole of SiF4 the difference to the other SiX4 molecules can be explained in terms of Interatomic Coulomb Decay (ICD)-like processes. For the Si 2p-1 core hole of SiF4 the estimated values for the sum of the Intraatomic Auger Electron Decay (IAED) and ICD-like processes are too small to explain the observed linewidth. However, the results of the given discussion render for SiF4 significant contributions from Electron Transfer Mediated Decay (ETMD)-like processes at least plausible. On the grounds of our results, some more molecular systems in which similar processes can be observed are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Püttner
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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Iwayama H, Sisourat N, Lablanquie P, Penent F, Palaudoux J, Andric L, Eland JHD, Bučar K, Žitnik M, Velkov Y, Hikosaka Y, Nakano M, Shigemasa E. A local chemical environment effect in site-specific Auger spectra of ethyl trifluoroacetate. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:024306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4773294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Storchi L, Vitillaro G, Tarantelli F. Implementation and use of a direct, partially integral-driven non-Dyson propagator method for molecular ionization. J Comput Chem 2009; 30:818-25. [PMID: 18727158 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The Green's function ADC(3) scheme has been for many years a successful method to predict theoretically the ionization (and electron affinity) spectrum of molecules. However, a dramatic enhancement of the method's power has come only recently, with the development of an approximation method to the one-particle Green's function which does not make direct use of the Dyson equation. In the present work, we present an efficient computer implementation of this novel approach, with first comparative tests demonstrating its enormous computational advantage over the conventional approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loriano Storchi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Perugia, via Elce di Sotto, 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
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Gokhberg K, Vysotskiy V, Cederbaum LS, Storchi L, Tarantelli F, Averbukh V. Molecular photoionization cross sections by Stieltjes–Chebyshev moment theory applied to Lanczos pseudospectra. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:064104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3073821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Feifel R, Eland JHD, Storchi L, Tarantelli F. An experimental and theoretical study of double photoionization of CF4 using time-of-flight photoelectron-photoelectron (photoion-photoion) coincidence spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:194318. [PMID: 17129114 DOI: 10.1063/1.2386154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Single photon double ionization of CF4 has been studied by means of a time-of-flight photoelectron-photoelectron coincidence technique, which has very recently been extended towards ion detection, with energy analysis for the electrons and mass analysis for the ions. The complete single photon double ionization electron spectrum of CF4 up to a binding energy of approximately 51 eV is presented and discussed, also with the aid of accurate ab initio Green's function calculations. From ion detection in coincidence with the ejected electrons, we derive fragmentation pathway-selected double ionization electron spectra of CF4. From the same data we extract the yield of each doubly charged ion or ion pair as a function of the double ionization energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Feifel
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.
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Villani C, Tarantelli F. Double ionization of fluorinated benzenes: hole localization and delocalization effects. J Chem Phys 2006; 120:1775-91. [PMID: 15268307 DOI: 10.1063/1.1634562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dense double ionization spectra of all the twelve fluoro-substituted benzene molecules are investigated in great detail by Green's function ADC2 calculations and a two-hole density mapping. Double ionization is shown to provide an extremely sensitive tool of electronic structure analysis. The calculations evidence and measure quantitatively how the charge distribution is dictated by the complex interplay between the resilience of the aromatic ring electronic structure and the disruptive effect of the electronegative halogen substituents. Successive substitutions are found not to have any synergic effect, but affect the spectra in very identifiable ways. The Auger spectra of the fluorobenzenes are interpreted in the light of the charge distribution results, using the foreign-imaging model. The double charge transfer spectra are also analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Villani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Perugia, and I.S.T.M., C.N.R., Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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Ohrwall G, Fink RF, Tchaplyguine M, Ojamäe L, Lundwall M, Marinho RRT, Naves de Brito A, Sorensen SL, Gisselbrecht M, Feifel R, Rander T, Lindblad A, Schulz J, Saethre LJ, Mårtensson N, Svensson S, Björneholm O. The electronic structure of free water clusters probed by Auger electron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2005; 123:054310. [PMID: 16108642 DOI: 10.1063/1.1989319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
(H2O)(N) clusters generated in a supersonic expansion source with N approximately 1000 were core ionized by synchrotron radiation, giving rise to core-level photoelectron and Auger electron spectra (AES), free from charging effects. The AES is interpreted as being intermediate between the molecular and solid water spectra showing broadened bands as well as a significant shoulder at high kinetic energy. Qualitative considerations as well as ab initio calculations explain this shoulder to be due to delocalized final states in which the two valence holes are mostly located at different water molecules. The ab initio calculations show that valence hole configurations with both valence holes at the core-ionized water molecule are admixed to these final states and give rise to their intensity in the AES. Density-functional investigations of model systems for the doubly ionized final states--the water dimer and a 20-molecule water cluster--were performed to analyze the localization of the two valence holes in the electronic ground states. Whereas these holes are preferentially located at the same water molecule in the dimer, they are delocalized in the cluster showing a preference of the holes for surface molecules. The calculated double-ionization potential of the cluster (22.1 eV) is in reasonable agreement with the low-energy limit of the delocalized hole shoulder in the AES.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ohrwall
- Department of Physics, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 530, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Feifel R, Eland JHD, Storchi L, Tarantelli F. Complete valence double photoionization of SF6. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:144309. [PMID: 15847524 DOI: 10.1063/1.1872837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Single photon double ionization of SF(6) has been investigated at the photon energies 38.71, 40.814, and 48.372 eV by using a recently developed time-of-flight photoelectron-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy technique which gives complete two-dimensional e(-)-e(-) spectra. The first complete single photon double ionization electron spectrum of SF(6) up to a binding energy of approximately 48 eV is presented and accurately interpreted with the aid of Green's function ADC(2) calculations. Spectra which reflect either mainly direct or mainly indirect (via interatomic coulombic decay of F 2s holes) double ionization of SF(6) are extracted from the coincidence map and discussed. A previous, very low value for the onset of double ionization of SF(6) is found to energetically coincide with a peak structure related to secondary inelastic scattering events.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Feifel
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK.
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Holland D, Potts A, Trofimov A, Breidbach J, Schirmer J, Feifel R, Richter T, Godehusen K, Martins M, Tutay A, Yalcinkaya M, Al-Hada M, Eriksson S, Karlsson L. An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of tetrafluoromethane. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hergenhahn U, Rüdel A, Maier K, Bradshaw A, Fink R, Wen A. The resonant Auger spectra of formic acid, acetaldehyde, acetic acid and methyl formate. Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(02)00795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Nooijen M, Bartlett RJ. Similarity transformed equation-of-motion coupled-cluster theory: Details, examples, and comparisons. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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