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Vorobiev AK, Chumakova NA, Pomogailo DA, Uchida Y, Suzuki K, Noda Y, Tamura R. Determination of Structural Characteristics of All-Organic Radical Liquid Crystals Based on Analysis of the Dipole–Dipole Broadened EPR Spectra. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:1932-42. [DOI: 10.1021/jp410891s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kh. Vorobiev
- Department
of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - N. A. Chumakova
- Department
of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - D. A. Pomogailo
- Department
of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Y. Uchida
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - K. Suzuki
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Y. Noda
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - R. Tamura
- Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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2
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Singh A, Singh S. Phase ordering kinetics in uniaxial nematic liquid crystals with second- and fourth-rank interactions. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2013; 36:122. [PMID: 24158262 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2013-13122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present comprehensive results of the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of the phase ordering dynamics in d = 2 nematic liquid crystals. We study a system of size N (2)(N = 512) with molecules confined to a 512×512 square lattice and report the results for two LC Hamiltonians: generalized Lebwohl-Lasher (GLL) model and r(-6) dependent anisotropic dispersion interaction potential. In these Hamiltonians a fourth-rank Legendre polynomial P4 interaction term is added to the usual second-rank P2 term. We find that in both the cases the presence of the P4 interaction term significantly influences the nematic domains morphology. Our numerical data show a diffusive growth law with a logarithmic correction: L(t) ∼ (t/ln t)(1/2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, 221005, Varanasi, India
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Kuiper S, Norder B, Jager WF, Dingemans TJ, van Turnhout J, Picken SJ. Elucidation of the Orientational Order and the Phase Diagram of p-Quinquephenyl. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:1416-21. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105643s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kuiper
- Nanostructured Materials, Chemical Engineering, and ‡NanoOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Norder
- Nanostructured Materials, Chemical Engineering, and ‡NanoOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Wolter F. Jager
- Nanostructured Materials, Chemical Engineering, and ‡NanoOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J. Dingemans
- Nanostructured Materials, Chemical Engineering, and ‡NanoOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van Turnhout
- Nanostructured Materials, Chemical Engineering, and ‡NanoOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen J. Picken
- Nanostructured Materials, Chemical Engineering, and ‡NanoOrganic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, The Netherlands
- Chemistry and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Kluyverweg 1, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
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Rodriguez V, Lagugné-Labarthet F, Sourisseau C. Orientation distribution functions based upon both (P1), (P3) order parameters and upon the four (P1) up to (P4) values: application to an electrically poled nonlinear optical azopolymer film. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 59:322-8. [PMID: 15901313 DOI: 10.1366/0003702053585291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The most probable orientational distribution functions of rod-like polar molecules contained in a noncentrosymmetric uniaxial system are established using the first-rank and third-rank Legendre polynomials, (P1(cos theta)) and (P3(cos theta)) order parameters, and the maximum entropy method. Emphasis is put on the different domains of existence in the ((P1), (P3)) plane for the various shapes of the distributions: it is thus shown that, for any positive (P1(cos theta)) value and for decreasing (P3(cos theta)) values, the distribution function may exhibit either a distorted oblate form with an intense maximum at 0 degrees, or a three-leaved rose curve with maxima at 60 degrees, 180 degrees, and 300 degrees, and finally another markedly oblate shape with a strong maximum at 180 degrees. As an illustrative example, we have considered the azobenzene molecular orientations in an electrically poled p(DR1M) homopolymer thin film after a thermal process and several relaxation periods. We have made use not only of the (P1) and (P3) parameters determined from polarized second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements, but also of the (P2) values extracted from UV-visible spectra and of the (P4) values adjusted according to the information entropy theory. In such a thin film with very large nonlinear properties (d33 coefficients were varying from 437.0 to 117.0 pm/V at 1064 nm) it is evidenced that a strong polar order is maintained even after a long relaxation period of 42 days. So, the distribution functions demonstrate that the poling treatment was quite efficient and they emphasize the importance in the determination of both couples of odd and even order parameters in such uniaxially oriented optical elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Rodriguez
- LPCM, UMR 5803 CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, 33405 Talence (Cedex), France
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5
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Daniels DR, Turner MS. Semiflexible Rod in a Nematic Environment with Applications to Biological Polymers. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma049526k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. R. Daniels
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - M. S. Turner
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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6
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Gutman L, Cao J, Swager TM. Phase and orientational ordering of low molecular weight rod molecules in a quenched liquid crystalline polymer matrix with mobile side chains. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:11316-26. [PMID: 15268159 DOI: 10.1063/1.1739211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the phase diagram and orientational ordering of guest liquid crystalline (LC) rods immersed in a quenched host made of a liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) matrix with mobile side chains. The LCP matrix lies below the glass transition of the polymer backbone. The side chains are mobile and can align to the guest rod molecules in a plane normal to the local LCP chain contour. A field theoretic formulation for this system is proposed and the effects of the LCP matrix on LC ordering are determined numerically. We obtain simple analytical equations for the nematic/isotropic phase diagram boundaries. Our calculation show a nematic-nematic (N/N) first order transition from a guest stabilized to a guest-host stabilized region and the possibility of a reentrant transition from a guest stabilized nematic region to a host only stabilized regime separated by an isotropic phase. A detailed study of thermodynamic variables and interactions on orientational ordering and phases is carried out and the relevance of our predictions to experiments and computer simulations is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorin Gutman
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
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7
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Hamley IW, Luckhurst GR, Richardson RM, Santos F. A neutron scattering study of orientational ordering in the smectic and nematic phases of the liquid crystal, 2′,3′-difluoro-4-heptyl-4″-nonyl p-terphenyl. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1446435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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8
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Bates MA, Luckhurst GR. Computer simulation studies of anisotropic systems. XXX. The phase behavior and structure of a Gay–Berne mesogen. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Burnell EE, de Lange CA. Prediction from Molecular Shape of Solute Orientational Order in Liquid Crystals. Chem Rev 1998; 98:2359-2388. [PMID: 11848965 DOI: 10.1021/cr941159v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. E. Burnell
- Laboratory for Physical Chemistry, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127-129, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Pople J, Hamley I, Terrill N, Fairclough J, Ryan A, Yu GE, Booth C. Shear-induced orientational order in the hexagonal phase of oxyethylene/oxybutylene diblock copolymer gels. POLYMER 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(98)00119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Pople JA, Hamley IW, Fairclough JPA, Ryan AJ, Booth C. Orientational Ordering of a Poly(oxyethylene)−Poly(oxybutylene) Diblock Copolymer Gel under Steady Shear Flow. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9716490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Colin Booth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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12
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Imrie CT, Ionescu D, Luckhurst GR. Molecular Organization of the Polymer Backbone in a Side Group Liquid Crystal Polymer. An ESR Investigation. Macromolecules 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ma970365c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. T. Imrie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, U.K
| | - D. Ionescu
- Department of Chemistry and Southampton Liquid Crystal Institute, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - G. R. Luckhurst
- Department of Chemistry and Southampton Liquid Crystal Institute, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
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13
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Sandström D, Komolkin AV, Maliniak A. Molecular dynamics simulation of a liquid crystalline mixture. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.473703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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