1
|
Gao Z, Ma F, Zhu Z, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Jiao Y, Du A. Ultrahigh Néel Temperature Antiferromagnetism and Ultrafast Laser-Controlled Demagnetization in a Dirac Nodal Line MoB 3 Monolayer. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:10964-10971. [PMID: 39171642 PMCID: PMC11378283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials boasting a high Néel temperature (TN), high carrier mobility, and fast spin response under an external field are in great demand for efficient spintronics. Herein, we theoretically present the MoB3 monolayer as an ideal 2D platform for AFM spintronics. The AFM MoB3 monolayer features a symmetry-protected, 4-fold degenerate Dirac nodal line (DNL) at the Fermi level. It demonstrates a high magnetic anisotropy energy of 865 μeV/Mo and an ultrahigh TN of 1050 K, one of the highest recorded for 2D AFMs. Importantly, we reveal the ultrafast demagnetization of AFM MoB3 under laser irradiation, which induces a rapid transition from a DNL semimetallic state to a metallic state on the time scale of hundreds of femtoseconds. This work presents an effective method for designing advanced spintronics using 2D high-temperature DNL semimetals and opens up a new idea for ultrafast modulation of magnetization in topological semimetals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Gao
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fengxian Ma
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yalong Jiao
- College of Physics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Photophysics Research and Application, Hebei Normal University, 050024 Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Aijun Du
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, 4000 Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang WH, Yu FQ, Guo ZW, Huang R, Chen JR, Gao FQ, Shao GF, Liu TD, Wen YH. Hierarchical structures and magnetism of Co clusters: a perspective from integration of deep learning and a hybrid differential evolution algorithm. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39225229 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Theoretically determining the lowest-energy structure of a cluster has been a persistent challenge due to the inherent difficulty in accurate description of its potential energy surface (PES) and the exponentially increasing number of local minima on the PES with the cluster size. In this work, density-functional theory (DFT) calculations of Co clusters were performed to construct a dataset for training deep neural networks to deduce a deep potential (DP) model with near-DFT accuracy while significantly reducing computational consumption comparable to classic empirical potentials. Leveraging the DP model, a high-efficiency hybrid differential evolution (HDE) algorithm was employed to search for the lowest-energy structures of CoN (N = 11-50) clusters. Our results revealed 38 of these clusters superior to those recorded in the Cambridge Cluster Database and identified diverse architectures of the clusters, evolving from layered structures for N = 11-27 to Marks decahedron-like structures for N = 28-42 and to icosahedron-like structures for N = 43-50. Subsequent analyses of the atomic arrangement, structural similarity, and growth pattern further verified their hierarchical structures. Meanwhile, several highly stable clusters, i.e., Co13, Co19, Co22, Co39, and Co43, were discovered by the energetic analyses. Furthermore, the magnetic stability of the clusters was verified, and a competition between the coordination number and bond length in affecting the magnetic moment was observed. Our study provides high-accuracy and high-efficiency prediction of the optimal structures of clusters and sheds light on the growth trend of Co clusters containing tens of atoms, contributing to advancing the global optimization algorithms for effective determination of cluster structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Yang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Fang-Qi Yu
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Zi-Wen Guo
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rao Huang
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jun-Ren Chen
- Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, 363105, China
| | - Feng-Qiang Gao
- Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, 363105, China
| | - Gui-Fang Shao
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tun-Dong Liu
- Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Hua Wen
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singh R, Claes P, Fielicke A, Janssens E, Lievens P, McGrady JE. Pathways of cluster growth: infra-red multi-photon dissociation spectroscopy of a series of Re-Si clusters, [ReSi n] +, n = 3-9. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:22611-22619. [PMID: 39158492 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Infra-red multiple-photon dissociation spectroscopy on Xe-tagged Re/Si clusters, [ReSin]+, n = 3-9, reveals intense absorption features around 400 cm-1, along with, in some cases, additional bands in the 250-350 cm-1 window. A survey of the potential energy surface using density functional theory in conjunction with particle swarm optimisation indicates a growth pattern based on a growing network of Si atoms wrapped around the Re centre: the Sin units can be viewed as fragments of a putative 16-vertex Frank-Kasper polyhedron. The structural evolution for the [ReSin]+ series differs significantly from the iso-electronic Mn series studied previously, where the metal ion is typically bound externally to the surface of a growing 3-dimensional Sin cluster, the differences reflecting the greater accessibility of 5d vs. 3d electron density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - PieterJan Claes
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Lievens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - John E McGrady
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhu BC, Kang WB, Liao YH, Zeng L, Bao L, Bao J. Structural and spectral properties of Gas-phase FMg n (n = 2-20) clusters based on DFT. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19274. [PMID: 39164291 PMCID: PMC11336077 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Structure, stability, electronic structure, spectroscopy and chemical bonding properties of a fluorine atom doped gas-phase small to medium-sized magnesium clusters, FMgn (n = 2-20), systematically investigated by CALYPSO software together with density functional theory (DFT). Structural calculations showed that FMgn has a structural diversity which is rarely reported in other magnesium-based clusters before. F atoms were always located in the outer layer of the Mgn host clusters and only two or three Mg atoms surround it. FMg18 was revealed to be supposed to have robust relative stability. Charge transfer and density of states were calculated for analyzing the electronic structure characteristics. Theoretical calculations of IR, Raman and UV-Vis spectra were computed to provide data guidelines for future experimental observations. Finally, the F-Mg and Mg-Mg chemical bonds of the FMgn clusters were analyzed, including the critical bonding points (BCPs) of Laplacian of electron density (Δρ), electron localization function (ELF) and interaction region indicator (IRI). The kind and strength of chemical bonds reveal the mechanism by which the F atom was rapidly stabilized by Mgn (n = 2-20) host clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben-Chao Zhu
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Wen-Bin Kang
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yan-Hua Liao
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, 435003, China
| | - Lu Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Lei Bao
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| | - Juan Bao
- School of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Zhao X, Ren X, Wei D, Zhang S, Wang H, Zuo ZW, Li L, Yu X. Energetic and Kinetic Competition on the Stability of Pd 13 Clusters: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 39159008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Material stability is the focus on both experiments and calculations, which includes the energetic stability at the static state and the thermodynamic stability at the kinetic state. To show whether energetics or kinetics dominates on material stability, this study focuses on the Pd13 clusters, because of their observable magnetic moment in experiment. Energetically, the CALYPSO searching method and first-principles calculations find that Pd13(C2) is the ground state at 0 K while the static frequency calculations demonstrate that the icosahedron Pd13(Ih) becomes more favorable on free energy as temperature increases. However, their magnetic moments (8 μB) are not in agreement with the experimental value (<5.2 μB). Kinetically, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that Pd13(C3v) (6 μB) has supreme isomerization temperature and the other 11 low-lying isomers transform to Pd13(C3v) directly or indirectly, demonstrating that Pd13(C3v) has the maximum probability to be observed in experiment. The magnetic moment difference between experiment (<5.2 μB) and this calculation (6 μB) may be due to the spin multiplicities. Our result suggests that the magnetic moment disparity between theory and experiment (in Pd13 clusters) originates from the kinetic stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Li
- School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xingju Zhao
- International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ren
- International Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zuo
- School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Liben Li
- School of Physics and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center for Non-ferrous Metal new Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xiaohu Yu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Catalysis, School of Chemical & Environment Sciences, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang K. PGA: A new particle swarm optimization algorithm based on genetic operators for the global optimization of clusters. J Comput Chem 2024. [PMID: 39152778 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
We have developed a global optimization program named PGA based on particle swarm optimization algorithm coupled with genetic operators for the structures of atomic clusters. The effectiveness and efficiency of the PGA program can be demonstrated by efficiently obtaining the tetrahedral Au20 and double-ring tubular B20, and identifying the ground stateZrSi 17 - 20 - $$ {\mathrm{ZrSi}}_{17\hbox{--} 20}^{-} $$ clusters through the comparison between the simulated and the experimental photoelectron spectra (PESs). Then, the PGA was applied to search for the global minimum structures ofMg n - $$ {\mathrm{Mg}}_n^{-} $$ (n = 3-30) clusters, new structures have been found for sizes n = 6, 7, 12, 14, and medium-sized 21-30 were first determined. The high consistency between the simulated spectra and the experimental ones once again demonstrates the efficiency of the PGA program. Based on the ground-state structures of theseMg n - $$ {\mathrm{Mg}}_n^{-} $$ (n = 3-30) clusters, their structural evolution and electronic properties were subsequently explored. The performance on Au20, B20,ZrSi 17 - 20 - $$ {\mathrm{ZrSi}}_{17\hbox{--} 20}^{-} $$ , andMg n - $$ {\mathrm{Mg}}_n^{-} $$ (n = 3-30) clusters indicates the promising potential of the PGA program for exploring the global minima of other clusters. The code is available for free upon request.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Building-Photovoltaics, School of Mathematics and Physics, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang K, Li G, Zou C, Chen S, Li S, Han ZK, Jiang Y, Yuan W, Yang H, Ganduglia-Pirovano MV, Wang Y. A CeO 2 (100) surface reconstruction unveiled by in situ STEM and particle swarm optimization techniques. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn7904. [PMID: 39121220 PMCID: PMC11313848 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn7904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
The reconstruction of the polar CeO2 (100) surface has been a subject of long-standing debates due to its complexity and the limited availability of experimental data. Herein, we successfully reveal a CeO2 (100)-(4 × 6) surface reconstruction by combining in situ spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, density functional theory calculations, and a particle swarm optimization-based algorithm for structure searching. We have further elucidated the stabilizing mechanism of the reconstructed structure, which involves the splitting of the filled Ce(4f) states and the mixing of the lower-lying ones with the O(2p) orbitals, as evidenced by the projected density of states. We also reveal that the surface chemisorption properties toward water molecules, an important step in numerous heterogeneous catalytic reactions, are enhanced. These insights into the distinct properties of ceria surface pave the way for performance improvements of ceria in a wide range of applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guanxing Li
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chen Zou
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shiyuan Chen
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Songda Li
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhong-Kang Han
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wentao Yuan
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hangsheng Yang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | | | - Yong Wang
- Center of Electron Microscopy and State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang D, Yang Y, Li S, Chen D. Structural Evolution of Small-Sized Phosphorus-Doped Boron Clusters: A Half-Sandwich-Structured PB 15 Cluster. Molecules 2024; 29:3384. [PMID: 39064962 PMCID: PMC11280394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study is a theoretical investigation into the structural evolution, electronic properties, and photoelectron spectra of phosphorus-doped boron clusters PBn0/- (n = 3-17). The results of this study revealed that the lowest energy structures of PBn- (n = 3-17) clusters, except for PB17-, exhibit planar or quasi-planar structures. The lowest energy structures of PBn (n = 3-17), with the exceptions of PB7, PB9, and PB15, are planar or quasi-planar. The ground state of PB7 has an umbrella-shaped structure, with C6V symmetry. Interestingly, the neutral cluster PB15 has a half-sandwich-like structure, in which the P atom is attached to three B atoms at one end of the sandwich, exhibiting excellent relative and chemical stability due to its higher second-order energy difference and larger HOMO-LUMO energy gap of 4.31 eV. Subsequently, adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) and electron localization function (ELF) analyses demonstrate the bonding characteristics of PB7 and PB15, providing support for the validity of their stability. The calculated photoelectron spectra show distinct characteristic peaks of PBn- (n = 3-17) clusters, thus providing theoretical evidence for the future identification of doped boron clusters. In summary, our work has significant implications for understanding the structural evolution of doped boron clusters PBn0/- (n = 3-17), motivating further experiments regarding doped boron clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shixiong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China; (D.W.); (Y.Y.); (D.C.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dong X, Miao LH, Liu YQ, Cui LJ, Feng W, Cui ZH. MB 16 - (M=Sc, Y, La): Perfect Bowl-Like Boron Clusters. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300816. [PMID: 38563655 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of transition-metal doping has engendered a remarkable array of unprecedented boron motifs characterized by distinctive geometries and bonding, particularly those heretofore unobserved in pure boron clusters. In this study, we present a perfect (no defects) boron framework manifesting an inherently high-symmetry, bowl-like architecture, denoted as MB16 - (M=Sc, Y, La). In MB16 -, the B16 is coordinated to M atoms along the C5v-symmetry axis. The bowl-shaped MB16 - structure is predicted to be the lowest-energy structure with superior stability, owing to its concentric (2 π+10 π) dual π aromaticity. Notably, the C5v-symmetry bowl-like B16 - is profoundly stabilized through the doping of an M atom, facilitated by strong d-pπ interactions between M and boron motifs, in conjunction with additional electrostatic stabilization by an electron transfer from M to the boron motifs. This concerted interplay of covalent and electrostatic interactions between M and bowl-like B16 renders MB16 - a species of exceptional thermodynamic stability, thus making it a viable candidate for gas-phase experimental detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Lin-Hong Miao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Yu-Qian Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Li-Juan Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu XB, Tiznado W, Cui LJ, Barroso J, Leyva-Parra L, Miao LH, Zhang HY, Pan S, Merino G, Cui ZH. Exploring the Use of "Honorary Transition Metals" To Push the Boundaries of Planar Hypercoordinate Alkaline-Earth Metals. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:16689-16697. [PMID: 38843775 PMCID: PMC11191695 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The quest for planar hypercoordinate atoms (phA) beyond six has predominantly focused on transition metals, with dodecacoordination being the highest reported thus far. Extending this bonding scenario to main-group elements, which typically lack d orbitals despite their larger atomic radius, has posed significant challenges. Intrigued by the potentiality of covalent bonding formation using the d orbitals of the heavier alkaline-earth metals (Ae = Ca, Sr, Ba), the so-called "honorary transition metals", we aim to push the boundaries of planar hypercoordination. By including rings formed by 12-15 atoms of boron-carbon and Ae centers, we propose a design scheme of 180 candidates with a phA. Further systematic screening, structural examination, and stability assessments identified 10 potential clusters with a planar hypercoordinate alkaline-earth metal (phAe) as the lowest-energy form. These unconventional structures embody planar dodeca-, trideca-, tetradeca-, and pentadecacoordinate atoms. Chemical bonding analyses reveal the important role of Ae d orbitals in facilitating covalent interactions between the central Ae atom and the surrounding boron-carbon rings, thereby establishing a new record for coordination numbers in the two-dimensional realm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-bo Liu
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - William Tiznado
- Centro
de Química Teórica & Computacional (CQT&C),
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 275, 8370146 Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Li-Juan Cui
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Jorge Barroso
- Department
of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Luis Leyva-Parra
- Centro
de Química Teórica & Computacional (CQT&C),
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Avenida República 275, 8370146 Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Lin-hong Miao
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Hui-yu Zhang
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento
de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación
y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida, Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso.
Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, México
| | - Zhong-hua Cui
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
- Key
Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry
of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang Z, Fu P, Chen M, Chen C, Chen B, Dai W, Ding K, Lu C. Geometries and stabilities of chromium doped nitrogen clusters: mass spectrometry and density functional theory studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14538-14546. [PMID: 38715520 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Metal-doped nitrogen clusters serve as effective models for elucidating the geometries and electronic properties of nitrogen-rich compounds at the molecular scale. Herein, we have conducted a systematic study of VIB-group metal chromium (Cr) doped nitrogen clusters through a combination of mass spectrometry techniques and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The laser ablation is employed to generate CrNn+ clusters. The results reveal that CrN8+ cluster exhibits the highest signal intensity in mass spectrometry. The photodissociation experiments with 266 nm photons confirm that the chromium heteroazide clusters are composed of chromium ions and N2 molecules. Further structural searches and electronic structure calculations indicate that the cationic CrN8+ cluster possesses an X shaped geometry with D2 symmetry and exhibits robust stability. Molecular orbital and chemical bonding analyses demonstrate the existence of strong interactions between Cr+ cation and N2 ligands. The present findings enrich the geometries of metal doped nitrogen clusters and provide valuable guidance for the rational design and synthesis of novel transition metal nitrides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaifu Jiang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, China
| | - Peixin Fu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, China
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Meicheng Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, China
| | - Kewei Ding
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhao HH, Huang SJ, Li XS, Yu WW, Fu YW, Liu Y, Wang HY. Exploring the structure and hydrogen storage capacity of CeH n0/+ clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14930-14936. [PMID: 38738788 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00354c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The unique 4f orbitals and abundant electronic energy levels of rare earth elements enable effective doping and modification to enhance hydrogen storage performance, making it an increasingly prominent focus of research. The structures of neutral and cationic CeHn0/+ (n = 2-20) clusters have been determined using the Crystal Structure AnaLYsis by Particle Swarm Optimization (CALYPSO) method in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT). Interestingly, the CeH13 and CeH14+ exhibit remarkable stability in the doublet state with Cs and C2v symmetry, respectively. The adsorption energy of CeHn0/+ (n = 2-20) suggests a preference for H atoms to chemically adsorb on Ce atoms. The analysis of molecular orbital composition reveals that the stability of both CeH13 and CeH14+ is attributed to the significant hybridization between the H 1s and Ce 4f orbitals. Both CeH13 and CeH14+ demonstrate significant hydrogen storage capacities, with values reaching 8.5 wt% and 9.1 wt%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H H Zhao
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Nanocomposite Sensing Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - S J Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, People's Republic of China.
| | - X S Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, People's Republic of China.
| | - W W Yu
- School of Mathematics and Computers, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, People's Republic of China
| | - Y W Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Y Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, People's Republic of China.
| | - H Y Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lu SJ, Gao ZO. Structural evolution and bonding properties of Nb1-2Gen-/0 (n = 3-7) clusters: Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:164306. [PMID: 38647305 DOI: 10.1063/5.0204633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a collaborative experimental and theoretical investigation into the structures and electronic properties of niobium-doped germanium clusters. Anion photoelectron spectra for Nb1-2Gen- (n = 3-7) clusters were acquired using 266 nm photon energies, enabling the determination of adiabatic detachment energies and vertical detachment energies. In conjunction with these experimental measurements, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted to validate the experimentally obtained electron detachment energies and elucidate the geometric and electronic structures of each anionic cluster. The agreement between DFT calculations and experimental data establishes a solid foundation for assessing the structural evolution and electronic properties of niobium-doped germanium clusters. It is noted that both neutral and anionic clusters exhibit predominantly similar overall structural characteristics, with the exception of Nb2Ge6- and Nb2Ge6. Furthermore, this investigation emphasizes the exceptional chemical stability of the D3d symmetric chair-shaped structure in Nb2Ge6-, providing insights into its bonding characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| | - Zhao-Ou Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Meng J, Zheng P, Peng Y, Liu R, Yang Y, Yin Z. Structure searches and superconductor discovery in XB 2 (X = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, and Tc). RSC Adv 2024; 14:10507-10515. [PMID: 38567342 PMCID: PMC10985594 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08746h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
With extensive structure searches for XB2 (X = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, and Tc) under pressures up to 100 GPa, we uncovered that the crystal structures of these compounds with the lowest enthalpy have the same space group (P6/mmm) as MgB2 at ambient pressure. Among them, ScB2, TiB2 and VB2 are dynamically stable at ambient pressure, but they do not superconduct. CrB2 becomes dynamically stable at 108 GPa and shows superconductivity with a transition temperature (Tc) of 26.0 K. TcB2 is not dynamically stable until 9 GPa. At 20 GPa, it has a Tc of 23.5 K. Further calculations indicate that CrB2 and TcB2 are also thermodynamically stable, suggesting that it is highly likely that they can be synthesized successfully in the laboratory. We found that transition metal atoms (Cr/Tc) dominate soft phonon vibrations and make significant contributions to the electron-phonon coupling (EPC) and superconductivity in CrB2/TcB2, which is in strong contrast to the case of MgB2, where high-frequency B vibrations dominate the EPC and superconductivity. Our work enriches the understanding of superconductivity in transition metal borides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Meng
- Department of Physics, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Pengyu Zheng
- Department of Physics, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Yiran Peng
- Department of Physics, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physics, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Physics, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| | - Zhiping Yin
- Department of Physics, Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
- Key Laboratory of Multiscale Spin Physics, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peng X, Li J, Dang J, Yin S, Zheng H, Wang C, Mo Y. Conformational Preference of Lithium Polysulfide Clusters Li 2S x ( x = 4-8) in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4716-4724. [PMID: 38417153 PMCID: PMC10934799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Structures are of fundamental importance for diverse studies of lithium polysulfide clusters, which govern the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. The ring-like geometries were regarded as the most stable structures, but their physical origin remains elusive. In this work, we systematically explored the minimal structures of Li2Sx (x = 4-8) clusters to uncover the driving force for their conformational preferences. All low-lying isomers were generated by performing global searches using the ABCluster program, and the ionic nature of the Li···S interactions was evidenced with the energy decomposition analysis based on the block-localized wave function (BLW-ED) approach and further confirmed with the quantum theory of atoms in molecule (QTAIM). By analysis of the contributions of various energy components to the relative stability with the references of the lowest-lying isomers, the controlling factor for isomer preferences was found to be the polarization interaction. Notably, although the electrostatic interaction dominates the binding energies, it contributes favorably to the relative stabilities of most isomers. The Li+···Li+ distance is identified as the key geometrical parameter that correlates with the strength of the polarization of the Sx2- fragment imposed by the Li+ cations. Further BLW-ED analyses reveal that the cooperativity of the Li+ cations primarily determines the relative strength of the polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Peng
- Key
Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Jiayao Li
- Key
Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Jingshuang Dang
- Key
Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Shiwei Yin
- Key
Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Hengyan Zheng
- Key
Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Changwei Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School
of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department
of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lu SJ, Gao ZO, Liang X, Zhang GS. Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry Calculations of Gas-Phase TaSi 17̅ and TaSi 18̅ Clusters: Structural Determination, Bonding Characteristics, and Multiplicity of Structural Forms. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38436243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the structures and chemical bonding properties of TaSi17̅ and TaSi18̅ clusters by employing anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical computations. Utilizing CALYPSO and ABCluster programs for initial structure prediction, B3LYP hybrid functional for optimization, and CCSD(T)/def2-TZVPPD level for energy calculations, the research identifies the most stable isomers of these clusters. Key findings include the identification of two coexisting low-energy isomers for TaSi17̅, exhibiting Ta-endohedral fullerene-like cage structures, and the lowest-energy structures of TaSi17̅ and TaSi18̅ anions can be considered as derived from the TaSi16̅ superatom cluster. The study enhances the understanding of group 14 element chemistry and guides the design of novel inorganic metallic compounds, potentially impacting materials science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| | - Zhao-Ou Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xia Liang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (Peony College), Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| | - Guo-Song Zhang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (Peony College), Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li J, Wang XT, Chen YQ, Wei YH, Yuan HK, Tian CL. Prediction of a two-dimensional high Curie temperature Weyl nodal line kagome semimetal. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:3092-3100. [PMID: 38180442 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03762b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Kagome lattices may have numerous exotic physical properties, such as stable ferromagnetism and topological states. Herein, combining the particle swarm structure search method with first-principles calculations, we identify a two-dimensional (2D) kagome Mo2Se3 crystal structure with space group P6/mmm. The results show that 2D kagome Mo2Se3 is a 100% spin-polarized topological nodal line semimetal and exhibits excellent ambient stability. The band crossing points form two nodal loops around the high-symmetry points Γ and K. On the other hand, Mo2Se3 shows intrinsic ferromagnetism with a large magnetic moment of 3.05 μB per Mo atom and magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of 4.78 meV. Monte Carlo simulations estimate that Mo2Se3 possesses a high Curie temperature of about 673 K. In addition, its ferromagnetic ground state can be well preserved under external strain, and the MAE can be improved by increasing the strain. More importantly, the position of each nodal line can be adjusted to the Fermi level through hole doping. This multifunctional 2D magnetic material that combines spin and topology has great potential in the field of nanoscale spintronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Xiao-Tian Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Ya-Qing Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yu-Hao Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Hong-Kuan Yuan
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Chun-Ling Tian
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cui LJ, Dong X, Liu YQ, Pan S, Cui ZH. Transition Metal Behavior of Heavier Alkaline Earth Elements in Doped Monocyclic and Tubular Boron Clusters. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:653-660. [PMID: 38146259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations are carried out to design highly symmetric-doped boron clusters by employing the transition metal behavior of heavier alkaline earth (Ae = Ca, Sr, and Ba) metals. Following an electron counting rule, a set of monocyclic and tubular boron clusters capped by two heavier Ae metals were tested, which leads to the highly symmetric Ae2B8, Ae2B18, and Ae2B30 clusters as true minima on the potential energy surface having a monocyclic ring, two-ring tubular, and three-ring tubular boron motifs, respectively. Then, a thorough global minimum (GM) structural search reveals that a monocyclic B8 ring capped with two Ae atoms is indeed a GM for Ca2B8 and Ba2B8, while for Sr2B8 it is a low-lying isomer. Similarly, the present search also unambiguously shows the most stable isomers of Ae2B18 and Ae2B30 to be highly symmetric two- and three-ring tubular boron motifs, respectively, capped with two Ae atoms on each side of the tube. In these Ae-doped boron clusters, in addition to the electrostatic interactions, a substantial covalent interaction, specifically the bonding occurring between (n - 1)d orbitals of Ae and delocalized orbitals of boron motifs, provides the essential driving force behind their highly symmetrical structures and overall stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Xue Dong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Yu-Qian Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu YR, Jiang Y. Growth mechanism prediction for nanoparticles via structure matching polymerization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1267-1273. [PMID: 38105690 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04702d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Exploring structural and component evolution remains a challenging scientific problem for nanoscience. We propose a novel approach called principle of minimization of structure matching polymerization (SMP) change to rapidly explore the global minimum structure on the potential energy surface (PES). The new method can map low-dimensional stable structures to high-dimensional local minima, and this will make it possible for us to study the growth mechanisms of nanoparticles. Some new lowest-energy structures were found by SMP methods for sulfuric acid (SA)-dimethylamine (DMA) systems relative to previous studies. Additionally, we found that the growth process of boron clusters is mainly that the small-size boron clusters are continuously added to large-size boron clusters by structure matching for Bn (n = 2-36) systems, Bm + Bk → Bn, where m + k = n and 1 ≤ k ≤ 3. The SMP approach can greatly improve the search efficiency of other unbiased global optimization algorithms, such as basin-hopping (BH) and genetic algorithm (GA), with an enhancement of up to 19- and 7-fold relative to traditional BH and GA algorithms for searching the global minima of Bn (n = 14-22) systems. The SMP approach is general and flexible and can be applied to different kinds of problems, such as material structure design, crystal structure prediction, and new drug generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Rong Liu
- Public Experimental Teaching Center, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan 61700, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan 61700, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zamora B, Nyulászi L, Höltzl T. CO 2 and H 2 Activation on Zinc-Doped Copper Clusters. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300409. [PMID: 38057146 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Here we systematically investigate the CO2 and H2 activation and dissociation on small Cun Zn0/+ (n=3-6) clusters using Density Functional Theory. We show that Cu6 Zn is a superatom, displaying an increased HOMO-LUMO gap and is inert towards CO2 or H2 activation or dissociation. While other neutral clusters weakly activate CO2 , the cationic clusters preferentially bind the CO2 in monodentate nonactivated way. Notably, Cu4 Zn allows for the dissociation of activated CO2 , whereas larger clusters destabilize all activated CO2 binding modes. Conversely, H2 dissociation is favored on all clusters examined, except for Cu6 Zn. Cu3 Zn+ and Cu4 Zn, favor the formation of formate through the H2 dissociation pathway rather than CO2 dissociation. These findings suggest the potential of these clusters as synthetic targets and underscore their significance in the realm of CO2 hydrogenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Zamora
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111-, Budapest, Műegytem rkp 3, Hungary
| | - László Nyulászi
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111-, Budapest, Műegytem rkp 3, Hungary
- HUN-REN-BME Computation Driven Chemistry research group, 1111-, Budapest, Műegytem rkp. 3, Hungary
| | - Tibor Höltzl
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, 1111-, Budapest, Műegytem rkp 3, Hungary
- HUN-REN-BME Computation Driven Chemistry research group, 1111-, Budapest, Műegytem rkp. 3, Hungary
- Furukawa Electric Institute of Technology, Nanomaterials Science Group, 1158, Budapest, Késmárk utca 28/A, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sikorska C. Design and Investigation of Superatoms for Redox Applications: First-Principles Studies. MICROMACHINES 2023; 15:78. [PMID: 38258197 PMCID: PMC10820084 DOI: 10.3390/mi15010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
A superatom is a cluster of atoms that acts like a single atom. Two main groups of superatoms are superalkalis and superhalogens, which mimic the chemistry of alkali and halogen atoms, respectively. The ionization energies of superalkalis are smaller than those of alkalis (<3.89 eV for cesium atom), and the electron affinities of superhalogens are larger than that of halogens (>3.61 eV for chlorine atom). Exploring new superalkali/superhalogen aims to provide reliable data and predictions of the use of such compounds as redox agents in the reduction/oxidation of counterpart systems, as well as the role they can play more generally in materials science. The low ionization energies of superalkalis make them candidates for catalysts for CO2 conversion into renewable fuels and value-added chemicals. The large electron affinity of superhalogens makes them strong oxidizing agents for bonding and removing toxic molecules from the environment. By using the superatoms as building blocks of cluster-assembled materials, we can achieve the functional features of atom-based materials (like conductivity or catalytic potential) while having more flexibility to achieve higher performance. This feature paper covers the issues of designing such compounds and demonstrates how modifications of the superatoms (superhalogens and superalkalis) allow for the tuning of the electronic structure and might be used to create unique functional materials. The designed superatoms can form stable perovskites for solar cells, electrolytes for Li-ion batteries of electric vehicles, superatomic solids, and semiconducting materials. The designed superatoms and their redox potential evaluation could help experimentalists create new materials for use in fields such as energy storage and climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celina Sikorska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Fahrenheit Union of Universities in Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Department of Physics, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li SX, Yang YJ, Chen DL. PB 12+ and P 2B 12+/0/-: The Novel B 12 Cage Doped by Nonmetallic P Atoms. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:44831-44838. [PMID: 38046297 PMCID: PMC10688167 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A new kind of nonmetallic atom-doped boron cluster is described herein theoretically. When a phosphorus atom is added to the B12 motif and loses an electron, a novel B12 cage is obtained, composed of two B3 rings at both ends and one B6 ring in the middle, forming a triangular bifrustum. Interestingly, this B12 cage is formed by three B7 units joined together from three directions at an angle of 120°. When two P atoms are added to the B12 motif, this novel B12 cage is also obtained, and two P atoms are attached to the B3 rings at both ends of the triangular bifrustum, forming a triangular bipyramid (Johnson solid). Amazingly, the global minimums of neutral, monocationic, and monoanionic P2B12+/0/- have the same cage structure with a D3h symmetry; this is the smallest boron cage with the same structure. The P atom has five valence electrons, according to adaptive natural density partitioning bonding analyses of cage PB12+ and P2B12, in addition to one lone pair, the other three electrons of the P atom combine with an electron of each B atom on the B3 ring to form three 2c-2e σ bonds and form three electron sharing bonds with B atoms through covalent interactions, stabilizing the B12 cage. The calculated photoelectron spectra can be compared with future experimental values and provide a theoretical basis for the identification and confirmation of PnB12- (n = 1-2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xiong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Yue-Ju Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - De-Liang Chen
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lu SJ, Liang X, Zhang GS, Gao ZO, Wang K. Structural Determination and Bonding Characteristics of the Gas-Phase Ta 2Si 2̅ Anion and Its Neutral: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Studies. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9797-9803. [PMID: 37944049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The structures and bonding characteristics of Ta2Si2̅/0 clusters are investigated using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. The vertical detachment energy of the Ta2Si2̅ anion is measured to be 2.00 ± 0.08 eV using the 266 nm photon. It is found that the Ta2Si2̅ anion has three low-energy isomers with a C2v symmetric Ta-Ta dibridged structural framework, all of which contribute to the experimental photoelectron spectrum, while the Ta2Si2 neutral also has a C2v symmetric Ta-Ta dibridged structural framework. The charge-transfer from Ta atoms to Si atoms is discovered using atomic dipole moment corrected Hirshfeld analysis for the Ta2Si2̅ anion and Ta2Si2 neutral. Chemical bonding investigations show that both the Ta2Si2̅ anion and Ta2Si2 neutral have a strong covalent Ta-Ta bond, as well as σ and π double bonding patterns. Furthermore, the Ta atoms are linked together by a single 2c-2e Ta2 σ bond, whereas the Si atoms are linked together with the Ta atoms via four 2c-2e TaSi σ bonds, two 3c-2e TaSi2 σ bonds, one 4c-2e Ta2Si2 σ bond, and one 4c-2e Ta2Si2 π bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| | - Xia Liang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (Peony College), Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| | - Guo-Song Zhang
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering (Peony College), Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| | - Zhao-Ou Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kang Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jiang Y, Liu YR. New Multicomponent Optimization Scheme for Equiatomic Vanadium-Titanium Nanoparticle Study. J Chem Theory Comput 2023. [PMID: 37983680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a new multicomponent structure prediction method named MRS-Swap searching, which is inspired by space symmetry and swap of different atomic species. For the pure titanium cluster, a new ground-state structure of the Ti20 cluster with higher symmetry relative to a previous study was found by our method. Based on the structural analysis of Tin (n = 2k, k = 2-11), Vn (n = 2k, k = 2-11), and TinVm (n = m = 2-11) systems, we found that the lowest energy structures of these three systems are very similar, which indicates that equiatomic vanadium-titanium-mixed clusters do not change their ground-state structure relative to the same size pure vanadium and titanium cluster. According to the structure-activity relationship, we conclude that the yield strength (σ) of macro vanadium-titanium alloy is between pure titanium and pure vanadium metal, and this can be expressed through σ(Ti) > σ(TiV) > σ(V). The X-ray diffraction results show that the V2Nb, TiVNb, and Ti2Nb alloys also have the same BCC structure, which may be related to their microstructure. Our method and results can be helpful for future multicomponent alloy design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- School of Vanadium and Titanium, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan 61700, China
| | - Yi-Rong Liu
- Public Experimental Teaching Center, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan 61700, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gao XF, Liu GH, Hu XK, Chen LL, Zhu BC, Zheng DS, Liao YH. DFT-Based Study of the Structure, Stability, and Spectral and Optical Properties of Gas-Phase NbMg n ( n = 2-12) Clusters. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:41391-41401. [PMID: 37970033 PMCID: PMC10633863 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase NbMgn (n = 2-12) clusters were fully searched by CALYPSO software, and then the low-energy isomers were further optimized and calculated under DFT. It is shown that the three lowest energy isomers of NbMgn (n = 3-12) at each size are grown from two seed structures, i.e., tetrahedral and pentahedral structures, and the transition size occurs at the NbMg8 cluster. Interestingly, the relative stability calculations of the NbMg8 cluster ground-state isomer stand out under the examination of several parameters' calculations. The charge-transfer properties of the clusters of the ground-state isomers of various sizes had been comprehensively investigated. In order to be able to provide data guidance for future experimental probing of these ground-state clusters, this work also predicted infrared and Raman spectra at the same level of theoretical calculations. The results show that the multipeak nature of the IR and Raman spectra predicts that it is difficult to distinguish them directly. Finally, the optical properties of these clusters were investigated by calculating the static linear, second-order nonlinear, and third-order nonlinear coefficients. Importantly and interestingly, the NbMg8 cluster was shown to have superior nonlinear optical characteristics to all other clusters; thus, it is a powerful candidate for a potentially ultrasensitive nonlinear optical response device for some special purpose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Gao
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, Hubei Polytechnic
University, Huangshi 435003, People’s
Republic of China
- School
of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- Daye
Special Steel Co., LTD, Huangshi 435003, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xian-Kai Hu
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, Hubei Polytechnic
University, Huangshi 435003, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Lan-Li Chen
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, Hubei Polytechnic
University, Huangshi 435003, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Ben-Chao Zhu
- School
of Public Health, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ding-Shan Zheng
- School
of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hua Liao
- School
of Mathematics and Physics, Hubei Polytechnic
University, Huangshi 435003, People’s
Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Raju RK, Sivakumar S, Wang X, Ulissi ZW. Cluster-MLP: An Active Learning Genetic Algorithm Framework for Accelerated Discovery of Global Minimum Configurations of Pure and Alloyed Nanoclusters. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6192-6197. [PMID: 37824704 PMCID: PMC10598790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Structural characterization of nanoclusters is one of the major challenges in nanocluster modeling owing to the multitude of possible configurations of arrangement of cluster atoms. The genetic algorithm (GA), a class of evolutionary algorithms based on the principles of natural evolution, is a commonly employed search method for locating the global minimum configuration of nanoclusters. Although a GA search at the DFT level is required for the accurate description of a potential energy surface to arrive at the correct global minimum configuration of nanoclusters, computationally expensive DFT evaluation of the significantly larger number of cluster geometries limits its practicability. Recently, machine learning potentials (MLP) that are learned from DFT calculations gained significant attention as computationally cheap alternative options that provide DFT level accuracy. As the accuracy of the MLP predictions is dependent on the quality and quantity of the training DFT data, active learning (AL) strategies have gained significant momentum to bypass the need of large and representative training data. In this application note, we present Cluster-MLP, an on-the-fly active learning genetic algorithm framework that employs the Flare++ machine learning potential (MLP) for accelerating the GA search for global minima of pure and alloyed nanoclusters. We have used a modified version the Birmingham parallel genetic algorithm (BPGA) for the nanocluster GA search which is then incorporated into distributed evolutionary algorithms in Python (DEAP), an evolutionary computational framework for fast prototyping or technical experiments. We have shown that the incorporation of the AL framework in the BPGA significantly reduced the computationally expensive DFT calculations. Moreover, we have shown that both the AL-GA and DFT-GA predict the same global minima for all the clusters we tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Raju
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15217, United States
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Saurabh Sivakumar
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15217, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15217, United States
| | - Zachary W. Ulissi
- Chemical
Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15217, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhang CJ, Ortíz-Chi F, Xu XL, Xu HG, Merino G, Zheng WJ. Reconsidering the Structures of C 2 Al 4 - and C 2 Al 5. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301338. [PMID: 37498677 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The study of C2 Al4 -/0 and C2 Al5 -/0 was conducted using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical computations. The present findings reveal that C2 Al4 - has a boat-like structure, with a single C2 unit surrounded by four aluminum atoms. In contrast, the neutral C2 Al4 species adopts a D2h planar structure with two planar tetracoordinate carbon (ptC) units, consistent with previous reports. Furthermore, the global minimum isomer of C2 Al5 - adopts a D3h symmetry, where the C2 unit interacts with five aluminum atoms. It was also found that a lower symmetry structure of C2 Al5 - , where all five aluminum atoms are located on the same side of the C2 unit, albeit slightly higher in energy compared to the D3h structure. These computations show that the D3h structure of C2 Al5 - is highly stable, exhibiting a large HOMO-LUMO gap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jiang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Filiberto Ortíz-Chi
- Conahcyt-División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Cunduacán, 86690, Tabasco, México
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zuo J, Zhang L, Chen B, He K, Dai W, Ding K, Lu C. Geometric and electronic structures of medium-sized boron clusters doped with plutonium. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 36:015302. [PMID: 37767896 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acfc0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Doping metal heteroatoms is an effective strategy to regulate the geometric and electronic structure of boron based nanoclusters. However, the exploration of the ground state structures of metal-boron-based nanoclusters is still a challenge duo to the complexity of the bonding interactions between heterogeneous atoms and boron cluster and the number of isomers on the potential energy surface increases exponentially with cluster size. Here, we use the CALYPSO cluster structural search method in combination with density functional theory calculations to study the geometries and electronic properties of anionic boron clusters doped with plutonium (PuBn-,n= 10-20). Our results show that the medium-sized PuB14-cluster exhibits excellent stability with highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gap of 2.30 eV. The remarkable stability of the anionic PuB14-cluster is due to the robust interactions between the Pu metal and the B14skeleton, along with the strong covalent interactions between the B atoms. These findings enrich the geometric structure database of metal doped clusters and provide valuable insights for the future synthesis of boron based nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingning Zuo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihua He
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, People's Republic of China
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Geng Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Lv Y, Xu Z, Liu Y, Yuan J, Wang Q, Wang X. Pressure induced weakness of electrostatic interaction and solid decomposition in Cs-I compounds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:23448-23453. [PMID: 37602403 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02343e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
This work utilized first-principles calculations and the CALYPSO structure search technique to systematically investigate the crystal structure stability of CsxIy compounds under high pressures ranging from 0 to 500 GPa. Several new phases with both conventional and unconventional stoichiometries were predicted. Interestingly, we discovered a counter-intuitive phenomenon where Cs-I compounds decompose into Cs and I elemental solids under pressure. To understand the physical mechanism behind this pressure-induced decomposition, we examine the phenomenon from two distinct perspectives: enthalpy of formation and interatomic interactions. Our results suggest that the main cause is the weakening of electrostatic interactions leading to the decomposition, while the weak covalent interaction plays a minor role. From an energy perspective, the decrease in the formation of enthalpy (ΔH) is primarily due to a reduction in the difference of internal energy (ΔU). These findings provide valuable insights into the decomposition mechanism and high-pressure properties of alkali metal halides. The counterintuitive phenomenon of high-pressure charge transfer and decomposition may inspire new ideas and perspectives in the fields of geology and the study of alkali metal halides under extreme conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Geng
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Jianfu Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Zhaobin Zhang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Yang Lv
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Jianan Yuan
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Qinglin Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science & Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang LJ, Yang B, Li DZ, Pei L, Farooq U, Xu XL, Zheng WJ, Xu HG. Structural Evolution and Electronic Properties of V 2Si n-/0 ( n = 7-14) Clusters: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14727-14738. [PMID: 37646377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study of the structures and electronic properties of V2-doped silicon clusters, V2Sin-/0 (n = 7-14), was carried out by anion photoelectron spectroscopic experiments combined with theoretical calculations. According to the experimental spectra of V2Sin- (n = 7-14) clusters, the V2Si12- cluster has the highest vertical detachment energy (VDE) of 3.66 eV, while V2Si7- and V2Si14- clusters have lower VDEs of 2.81 and 2.84 eV, respectively. The most stable structure searches find that two V atoms in the V2Sin- clusters with size n = 7 and 8 are located at the surface, while V2Sin- clusters with n ≥ 9 prefer cage-like structures. Based on the analysis of the structural evolution of V2Sin- (n = 9-14) clusters, it can be clearly seen how the antihexagonal prism with one V encapsulated in the cage is gradually built from n = 9 to 12 and further developed from n = 12 to 14 with the extra silicon atoms located at the surface of the Si12 cage. The molecular orbital and the atoms in molecule analysis of the V2Sin- (n = 7-14) anions demonstrate that the strong V-V bond and the delocalized interaction between the V2 moiety and the Sin ligand play a significant role in stabilizing the cluster structures. A strong linear correlation has been found between the Wiberg bond order of the V-V bond and the electron density at the V-V bond critical points.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Safety Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Da-Zhi Li
- College of Chemical Engineering and Safety Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, China
| | - Ling Pei
- College of Chemical Engineering and Safety Engineering, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, China
| | - Umar Farooq
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad-Campus, Abbottabad, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 22060, Pakistan
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang MH, Kalita AJ, Orozco-Ic M, Yan GR, Chen C, Yan B, Castillo-Toraya G, Tiznado W, Guha AK, Pan S, Merino G, Cui ZH. Planar pentacoordinate s-block metals. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8785-8791. [PMID: 37621437 PMCID: PMC10445469 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05939h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of a delocalized π-bond is often considered an essential criterion for achieving planar hypercoordination. Herein, we show that σ-delocalization could be sufficient to make the planar configuration the most stable isomer in a series of planar pentacoordinate s-block metals. High-level ab initio computations reveal that the global minimum of a series of interalkali and interalkali-alkaline earth clusters (LiNa5, Li5Mg+, Na5Mg+, K5Ca+, CaRb5+, Rb5Sr+, and SrCs5+) adopts a singlet D5h structure with a planar pentacoordinate lithium or alkaline earth metal (AE = Mg, Ca, Sr). These clusters are unusual combinations to stabilize a planar pentacoordinate atom, as all their constituents are electropositive. Despite the absence of π-electrons, Hückel's rule is fulfilled by the six σ-electrons. Furthermore, the systems exhibit a diatropic ring current in response to an external magnetic field and a strong magnetic shielding, so they might be classified as σ-aromatic. Therefore, multicenter σ-bonds and the resulting σ-delocalization stabilize these clusters, even though they lack π-aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hui Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University Panbazar Guwahati Assam 781001 India
| | - Mesías Orozco-Ic
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) 20018 Donostia Euskadi Spain
| | - Gai-Ru Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Gabriela Castillo-Toraya
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310 Mérida Yucatan Mexico
| | - William Tiznado
- Centro de Química Teórica & Computacional (CQT&C), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello Avenida República 275 Santiago Chile
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University Panbazar Guwahati Assam 781001 India
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310 Mérida Yucatan Mexico
| | - Zhong-Hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tsuji Y, Yoshioka Y, Okazawa K, Yoshizawa K. Exploring Metal Nanocluster Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis Using Informatics Methods: A Concerted Effort of Bayesian Optimization, Swarm Intelligence, and First-Principles Computation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30335-30348. [PMID: 37636907 PMCID: PMC10448644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper details the use of computational and informatics methods to design metal nanocluster catalysts for efficient ammonia synthesis. Three main problems are tackled: defining a measure of catalytic activity, choosing the best candidate from a large number of possibilities, and identifying the thermodynamically stable cluster catalyst structure. First-principles calculations, Bayesian optimization, and particle swarm optimization are used to obtain a Ti8 nanocluster as a catalyst candidate. The N2 adsorption structure on Ti8 indicates substantial activation of the N2 molecule, while the NH3 adsorption structure suggests that NH3 is likely to undergo easy desorption. The study also reveals several cluster catalyst candidates that break the general trade-off that surfaces that strongly adsorb reactants also strongly adsorb products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tsuji
- Faculty
of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshioka
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okazawa
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and IRCCS, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li SX, Yang YJ, Chen DL. Structural Evolution and Electronic Properties of Two Sulfur Atom-Doped Boron Clusters. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:30757-30767. [PMID: 37636960 PMCID: PMC10448743 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of structural evolution, electronic properties, and photoelectron spectra of two sulfur atom-doped boron clusters S2Bn0/- (n = 2-13), which reveal that the global minima of the S2Bn0/- (n = 2-13) clusters show an evolution from a linear-chain structure to a planar or quasi-planar structure. Some S-doped boron clusters have the skeleton of corresponding pure boron clusters; however, the addition of two sulfur atoms modified and improved some of the pure boron cluster structures. Boron is electron-deficient and boron clusters do not form linear chains. Here, two sulfur atom doping can adjust the pure boron clusters to a linear-chain structure (S2B20/-, S2B30/-, and S2B4-), a quasi-linear-chain structure (S2B6-), single- and double-chain structures (S2B6 and S2B9-), and double-chain structures (S2B5, and S2B9). In particular, the smallest linear-chain boron clusters S2B20/- are shown with an S atom attached to each end of B2. The S2B2 cluster possesses the largest highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap of 5.57 eV and the S2B2- cluster possesses the largest average binding energy Eb of 5.63 eV, which shows the superior chemical stability and relative stability, respectively. Interestingly, two S-atom doping can adjust the quasi-planar pure boron clusters (B7-, B10-, and B120/-) to a perfect planar structure. AdNDP bonding analyses reveal that linear S2B3 and planar SeB11- have π aromaticity and σ antiaromaticity; however, S2B2, planar S2B6, and planar S2B7- clusters have π antiaromaticity and σ aromaticity. Furthermore, AdNDP bonding analyses reveal that planar S2B4, S2B10, and S2B12 clusters are doubly (π and σ) aromatic, whereas S2B5-, S2B8, S2B9-, and S2B13- clusters are doubly (π and σ) antiaromatic. The electron localization function (ELF) analysis shows that S2Bn0/- (n = 2-13) clusters have different electron delocalization characteristics, and the spin density analysis shows that the open-shell clusters have different characteristics of electron spin distribution. The calculated photoelectron spectra indicate that S2Bn- (n = 2-13) have different characteristic peaks that can be compared with future experimental values and provide a theoretical basis for the identification and confirmation of these doped boron clusters. Our work enriches the new database of geometrical structures of doped boron clusters, provides new examples of aromaticity for doped boron clusters, and is promising to offer new ideas for nanomaterials and nanodevices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xiong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic
Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Yue-Ju Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic
Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - De-Liang Chen
- School of Physics and Electronic
Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jiang Y, Aireti M, Leng X, Ji X, Liu J, Cui X, Duan H, Jing Q, Cao H. Structures, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of CoK n ( n = 2-12) Clusters: A Particle Swarm Optimization Prediction Jointed with First-Principles Investigation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2155. [PMID: 37570473 PMCID: PMC10420966 DOI: 10.3390/nano13152155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-doped clusters have long been attracting great attention due to their unique geometries and interesting physical and/or chemical properties. In this paper, the geometries of the lowest- and lower-energy CoKn (n = 2-12) clusters have been screened out using particle swarm optimization and first principles relaxation. The results show that except for CoK2 the other CoKn (n = 3-12) clusters are all three-dimensional structures, and CoK7 is the transition structure from which the lowest energy structures are cobalt atom-centered cage-like structures. The stability, the electronic structures, and the magnetic properties of CoKn clusters (n = 2-12) clusters are further investigated using the first principles method. The results show that the medium-sized clusters whose geometries are cage-like structures are more stable than smaller-sized clusters. The electronic configuration of CoKn clusters could be described as 1S1P1D according to the spherical jellium model. The main components of petal-shaped D molecular orbitals are Co-d and K-s states or Co-d and Co-s states, and the main components of sphere-like S molecular orbitals or spindle-like P molecular orbitals are K-s states or Co-s states. Co atoms give the main contribution to the total magnetic moments, and K atoms can either enhance or attenuate the total magnetic moments. CoKn (n = 5-8) clusters have relatively large magnetic moments, which has a relation to the strong Co-K bond and the large amount of charge transfer. CoK4 could be a magnetic superatom with a large magnetic moment of 5 μB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Maidina Aireti
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xudong Leng
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xu Ji
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xiuhua Cui
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Haiming Duan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Qun Jing
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China; (Y.J.); (M.A.); (X.L.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Q.J.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 777 Huarui Road, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Haibin Cao
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang X, Wang Z, Gao P, Zhang C, Lv J, Wang H, Liu H, Wang Y, Ma Y. Data-driven prediction of complex crystal structures of dense lithium. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2924. [PMID: 37217498 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a prototypical simple metal at ambient conditions, but exhibits remarkable changes in structural and electronic properties under compression. There has been intense debate about the structure of dense Li, and recent experiments offered fresh evidence for yet undetermined crystalline phases near the enigmatic melting minimum region in the pressure-temperature phase diagram of Li. Here, we report on an extensive exploration of the energy landscape of Li using an advanced crystal structure search method combined with a machine-learning approach, which greatly expands the scale of structure search, leading to the prediction of four complex Li crystal structures containing up to 192 atoms in the unit cell that are energetically competitive with known Li structures. These findings provide a viable solution to the observed yet unidentified crystalline phases of Li, and showcase the predictive power of the global structure search method for discovering complex crystal structures in conjunction with accurate machine learning potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Fenghao East Road 2, 100094, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengqian Zhang
- DP Technology, 100080, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lv
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Han Wang
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Fenghao East Road 2, 100094, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- HEDPS, CAPT, College of Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Laboratory of Computational Physics, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Fenghao East Road 2, 100094, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanming Ma
- Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Manna S, Wang Y, Hernandez A, Lile P, Liu S, Mueller T. A database of low-energy atomically precise nanoclusters. Sci Data 2023; 10:308. [PMID: 37210383 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical and structural properties of atomically precise nanoclusters are of great interest in numerous applications, but the structures of the clusters can be computationally expensive to predict. In this work, we present the largest database of cluster structures and properties determined using ab-initio methods to date. We report the methodologies used to discover low-energy clusters as well as the energies, relaxed structures, and physical properties (such as relative stability, HOMO-LUMO gap among others) for 63,015 clusters across 55 elements. We have identified clusters for 593 out of 1595 cluster systems (element-size pairs) explored by literature that have energies lower than those reported in literature by at least 1 meV/atom. We have also identified clusters for 1320 systems for which we were unable to find previous low-energy structures in the literature. Patterns in the data reveal insights into the chemical and structural relationships among the elements at the nanoscale. We describe how the database can be accessed for future studies and the development of nanocluster-based technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukriti Manna
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Yunzhe Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Alberto Hernandez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Peter Lile
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Shanping Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Tim Mueller
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Huang TX, Yuan YQ, Ding JJ, Li YY, Li QY, Chen GL, Lin W. Probing the Structural Evolution, Stabilities and Properties of LiBn (n = 2–12) Clusters. J CLUST SCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-023-02428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
|
38
|
González-Ramírez HN, Silos Vega HX, Gómez-Sandoval Z, Flores-Moreno R, Yáñez O, Pineda-Urbina K, Mojica-Sánchez JP, Flores-Álvarez JM. On the energetic and magnetic stability of neutral and charged lithium clusters doped with one and two yttrium atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:9656-9668. [PMID: 36943209 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00128h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
DFT calculations were performed to study the effect on energetic and magnetic stability when clusters with up to 24 lithium atoms were doped with one and two atoms of yttrium. In this, the effect of the charge was considered. As a result, some stable structures were identified as possible magnetic superatoms, among them, the YLi12+ cluster with an icosahedron geometry with a spin magnetic moment of 4 bohr magnetons. The participation of yttrium in the electron density of the unpaired electrons providing magnetism in clusters was corroborated at the level of a density of states (DOS) calculation and a spin density calculation. In particular, in the Y2Li12+ superatom, it was found that the encapsulated yttrium atom participates with 35.02% and the second yttrium atom with 15.04%. These percentages, with a contribution from p orbitals, but to a greater extent by d orbitals. The complementation to these percentages is due to the participation of the s and p orbitals of the lithium atoms. In general, doping with a second yttrium atom allowed to obtain a greater amount of high magnetic moments, and considering charged clusters allowed to obtain also high magnetic moments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry Nicole González-Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán s/n, 28400, Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico.
| | - Héctor Xólotl Silos Vega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán s/n, 28400, Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico.
| | - Zeferino Gómez-Sandoval
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán s/n, 28400, Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico.
| | - Roberto Flores-Moreno
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Blvd. Gral. Marcelino García Barragán 1421, Col. Olímpica, 44430, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Osvaldo Yáñez
- Núcleo de Investigación de Data Science, Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, 7500000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Kayim Pineda-Urbina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán s/n, 28400, Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico.
| | - Juan Pablo Mojica-Sánchez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico José Mario Molina Pasquel y Henríquez Unidad Académica Tamazula, Carretera Tamazula-Santa Rosa No. 329, 49650 Tamazula de Gordiano, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Flores-Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Km. 9 Carretera Colima-Coquimatlán s/n, 28400, Coquimatlán, Colima, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang Q, Jiang GD, He SG. Enhancing the Performance of Global Optimization of Platinum Cluster Structures by Transfer Learning in a Deep Neural Network. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1922-1930. [PMID: 36917066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The global optimization of metal cluster structures is an important research field. The traditional deep neural network (T-DNN) global optimization method is a good way to find out the global minimum (GM) of metal cluster structures, but a large number of samples are required. We developed a new global optimization method which is the combination of the DNN and transfer learning (DNN-TL). The DNN-TL method transfers the DNN parameters of the small-sized cluster to the DNN of the large-sized cluster to greatly reduce the number of samples. For the global optimization of Pt9 and Pt13 clusters in this research, the T-DNN method requires about 3-10 times more samples than the DNN-TL method, and the DNN-TL method saves about 70-80% of time. We also found that the average amplitude of parameter changes in the T-DNN training is about 2 times larger than that in the DNN-TL training, which rationalizes the effectiveness of transfer learning. The average fitting errors of the DNN trained by the DNN-TL method can be even smaller than those by the T-DNN method because of the reliability of transfer learning. Finally, we successfully obtained the GM structures of Ptn (n = 8-14) clusters by the DNN-TL method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Gui-Duo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen B, He K, Dai W, Gutsev GL, Lu C. Geometric and electronic diversity of metal doped boron clusters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:183002. [PMID: 36827740 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acbf18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Being intermediate between small compounds and bulk materials, nanoparticles possess unique properties different from those of atoms, molecules, and bulk matter. In the past two decades, a combination of cluster structure prediction algorithms and experimental spectroscopy techniques was successfully used for exploration of the ground-state structures of pure and metal-doped boron clusters. The fruitfulness of this dual approach is well illustrated by the discovery of intriguing microstructures and unique physicochemical properties such as aromaticity and bond fluxionality for both boron and metal-doped boron clusters. Our review starts with an overview of geometrical configurations of pure boron clusters Bn, which are presented by planar, nanotube, bilayer, fullerene-like and core-shell structures, in a wide range ofnvalues. We consider next recent advances in studies of boron clusters doped with metal atoms paying close and thoughtful attention to modifications of geometric and electronic structures of pure boron clusters by heteroatoms. Finally, we discuss the possibility of constructing boron-based nanomaterials with specific functions from metal-boron clusters. Despite a variety of fruitful results obtained in numerous studies of boron clusters, the exploration of boron-based chemistry has not yet reached its peak. The intensive research continues in this area, and it should be expected that it brings exciting discoveries of intriguing new structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihua He
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gennady L Gutsev
- Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ma S, Zheng S, Zhang W, Chen D, Pan F. Algebraic Graph-Based Machine Learning Model for Li-Cluster Prediction. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:2051-2059. [PMID: 36808983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
In cluster research, determining the ground-state structure of medium-sized clusters is hindered by a large number of local minimum on potential energy surfaces. The global optimization heuristic algorithm is time-consuming due to the use of DFT to determine the relative size of the cluster energy. Although machine learning (ML) is proved to be a promising way to reduce the DFT computational costs, a suitable method to represent clusters as input vectors is one of the bottlenecks in the application of ML to cluster research. In this work, we proposed a multiscale weighted spectral subgraph (MWSS) as an effective low-dimension representation of clusters and build an MWSS-based ML model to discover the structure-energy relationships in lithium clusters. We combine this model with the particle swarm optimization algorithm and DFT calculations to search for globally stable structures of clusters. We have successfully predicted the ground-state structure of Li20.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Ma
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shisheng Zheng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Chen
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li YY, Hu YF, Lai Q, Yuan YQ, Huang TX, Li QY, Huang HB. Inquiring into geometric structures and electronic properties of sodium doped boron clusters: DFT study of NaB n ( n = 1–12) clusters. Mol Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2023.2166881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan Li
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, People’s Republic of China
- Panzhihua Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Material Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Fei Hu
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Lai
- Panzhihua Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Material Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Quan Yuan
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Xin Huang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Yang Li
- Department of Applied Physics, College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Bin Huang
- School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang YJ, Li SX, Chen DL, Long ZW. Structural Evolution and Electronic Properties of Selenium-Doped Boron Clusters SeB n0/- (n = 3-16). Molecules 2023; 28:357. [PMID: 36615549 PMCID: PMC9824103 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A theoretical research of structural evolution, electronic properties, and photoelectron spectra of selenium-doped boron clusters SeBn0/- (n = 3-16) is performed using particle swarm optimization (CALYPSO) software in combination with density functional theory calculations. The lowest energy structures of SeBn0/- (n = 3-16) clusters tend to form quasi-planar or planar structures. Some selenium-doped boron clusters keep a skeleton of the corresponding pure boron clusters; however, the addition of a Se atom modified and improved some of the pure boron cluster structures. In particular, the Se atoms of SeB7-, SeB8-, SeB10-, and SeB12- are connected to the pure quasi-planar B7-, B8-, B10-, and B12- clusters, which leads to planar SeB7-, SeB8-, SeB10-, and SeB12-, respectively. Interestingly, the lowest energy structure of SeB9- is a three-dimensional mushroom-shaped structure, and the SeB9- cluster displays the largest HOMO-LUMO gap of 5.08 eV, which shows the superior chemical stability. Adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) bonding analysis reveals that SeB8 is doubly aromatic, with 6 delocalized π electrons and 6 delocalized σ electrons, whereas SeB9- is doubly antiaromatic, with 4 delocalized π electrons and 12 delocalized σ electrons. Similarly, quasi-planar SeB12 is doubly aromatic, with 6 delocalized π electrons and 14 delocalized σ electrons. The electron localization function (ELF) analysis shows that SeBn0/- (n = 3-16) clusters have different local electron delocalization and whole electron delocalization effects. The simulated photoelectron spectra of SeBn- (n = 3-16) have different characteristic bands that can identify and confirm SeBn- (n = 3-16) combined with future experimental photoelectron spectra. Our research enriches the geometrical structures of small doped boron clusters and can offer insight for boron-based nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Ju Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Shi-Xiong Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - De-Liang Chen
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Zheng-Wen Long
- College of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Discovery of two-dimensional binary nanoparticle superlattices using global Monte Carlo optimization. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7976. [PMID: 36581611 PMCID: PMC9800587 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Binary nanoparticle (NP) superlattices exhibit distinct collective plasmonic, magnetic, optical, and electronic properties. Here, we computationally demonstrate how fluid-fluid interfaces could be used to self-assemble binary systems of NPs into 2D superlattices when the NP species exhibit different miscibility with the fluids forming the interface. We develop a basin-hopping Monte Carlo (BHMC) algorithm tailored for interface-trapped structures to rapidly determine the ground-state configuration of NPs, allowing us to explore the repertoire of binary NP architectures formed at the interface. By varying the NP size ratio, interparticle interaction strength, and difference in NP miscibility with the two fluids, we demonstrate the assembly of an array of exquisite 2D periodic architectures, including AB-, AB2-, and AB3-type monolayer superlattices as well as AB-, AB2-, A3B5-, and A4B6-type bilayer superlattices. Our results suggest that the interfacial assembly approach could be a versatile platform for fabricating 2D colloidal superlattices with tunable structure and properties.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang NX, Wang CZ, Lan JH, Wu QY, Chai ZF, Shi WQ. Actinide-doped boron clusters: from borophenes to borospherenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:29705-29711. [PMID: 36453525 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Similar to graphene and fullerene, metal-doping has been considered to be an effective approach to the construction of highly stable boron clusters. In this work, a series of actinide metal-doped boron clusters AnB36 (An = Pa, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, and Cf) have been explored using extensive first-principles calculations. We found that the quasi-planar structure of B36 transforms to an endohedral borospherene An@B36 after actinide metal doping. Actinoborospherenes exhibit C2h symmetry with Pa, Np, and Pu dopants and for Am, Cm, Bk and Cf dopants with larger atomic radii, the symmetry of An@B36 is reduced to Ci. Bonding property analyses such as bond order, molecular orbital (MO) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis show that the covalency of the An-B bonds in C2h An@B36 (An = Pa, Np, and Pu) is higher than that in Ci An@B36 (An = Am, Cm, Bk, and Cf). These endohedral borospherenes are robust according to thermodynamic and dynamic analyses. As expected, the Ci An@B36 clusters are less stable compared to C2h An@B36, which is consistent with the stronger covalent bonds of the latter. These results indicate that the existence of the actinide-boron bonding is essential for the high stability of the An@B36 clusters, confirming that the fullerene-like boron cages can be stabilized by actinide encapsulation. This work is expected to provide potential routes for the construction of robust borospherenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Cong-Zhi Wang
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Hui Lan
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qun-Yan Wu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhi-Fang Chai
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Yang L, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhong X, Wang D, Fan L, Lang J, Qu X, Yang J. Phase Transitions and Electric Properties of PbBr 2 under High Pressure: A First-Principles Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8222. [PMID: 36431707 PMCID: PMC9693388 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PbBr2 has recently attracted considerable attention as a precursor for lead halide perovskite-based devices because of its attractive properties. It is known that pressure can modify the chemical and physical properties of materials by altering the distance between atoms in the lattice. Here, a global structure-searching scheme was used to explore the high-pressure structures of PbBr2, whose structures and properties at high pressure are still far from clear. Three new phases of PbBr2 were predicted in the pressure range of 0-200 GPa, and the pressure-driven phase transition sequence of orthorhombic Pnma (0-52 GPa) → tetragonal I4/mmm (52-80 GPa) → orthorhombic Cmca (80-153.5 GPa) → orthorhombic Immm (153.5-200 GPa) is proposed. Electronic calculations indicate a semiconductor-to-metallic transition of PbBr2 in the Cmca phase at ~120 GPa. Our present results could be helpful in improving the understanding of fundamental physical properties and provide insights to modulate the structural and related photoelectric properties of PbBr2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yukai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Lin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jihui Lang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Xin Qu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Jinghai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lu SJ. Structure determination and bonding properties of gas-phase OPt 2- anion and its neutral form. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26023-26028. [PMID: 36268651 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03977j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations, the structures and properties of OPt2-/0 are investigated. The vertical detachment energies (VDEs) of OPt2- are measured to be 3.28 eV and 3.23 eV through the use of 355 and 266 nm photons, respectively. The high experimental VDEs of OPt2- can be attributed to the strong Pt-Pt and Pt-O σ bonds and low orbital energy of the SOMO. It is found that neutral OPt2 has an OPt2 triangular structure with C2v symmetry and 1A1 electronic state. In the neutral OPt2, the O atom interacts with the Pt2 moiety by two 2c-2e PtO bonds, one 3c-2e Pt2O σ bond, and one 3c-2e Pt2O π bond. On the other hand, anionic OPt2 adopts a Pt-Pt-O bent structure with Cs symmetry and 2A' electronic state. NPA and ELF analyses indicate charge transfer upon complexation from the metal atoms to the O atom. Chemical bonding analyses show that OPt2-/0 have the strong covalent Pt-Pt and Pt-O bonds, and neutral OPt2 exhibits σ aromaticity and π antiaromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province, 274015, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li YJ, Hao YJ, Jiang K, Zeng L, Sun FY. Theoretical study of Ga-doped magnesium mineral based on the atomic cluster level: gas-phase GaMgn- (n=2-12) DFT investigation. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
49
|
Chen L, Liang T, Wang L. Growth Pattern of Large Morse Clusters with Medium-Range Potentials. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9801-9808. [PMID: 36227940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extremely complex potential energy surfaces of large Morse clusters with medium-range potentials (i.e., ρ = 6 and 10), global optimization studies in the literature are limited to a cluster size (N) of ≤240. Starting from completely random structures, we successfully systematically studied Morse clusters with up to 700 atoms using our unbiased fuzzy global optimization (FGO) method. While all of the putative global minima reported previously have been efficiently obtained, new global minima with lower energies are identified for N values of 176, 258, 485, 561, 817, and 923 with ρ = 6 and for N values of 151, 202, 226, and 229 with ρ = 10. A detailed growth pattern and magic clusters are obtained. For the first time, we find that a central vacancy is present in Morse clusters containing 542, 543, 548, and 922 atoms with ρ = 6. FGO has achieved high performance in large clusters with different interatomic interaction ranges, thus showing great application potential in the global structure optimization of general clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou311231, China
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou311231, China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Excited-State Materials of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Dai W, He S, Ding K, Lu C. Polymeric Hydronitrogen N 4H: A Promising High-Energy-Density Material and High-Temperature Superconductor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:49986-49994. [PMID: 36286258 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid nitrogen-rich compounds are potential high-energy-density materials (HEDMs). The enormous challenge in this area is to synthesize and stabilize these energetic materials at moderate pressure and better under near-ambient conditions. Here, we perform an extensive theoretical study on hydronitrogens by the reverse design method considering both energies and energy densities. Four hydronitrogens with different stoichiometries, that is, N4H, N3H, N2H, and NH, are found to be stable at pressures of about 80-300 GPa and metastable with pressure releasing to ambient pressure. The energy densities of these hydronitrogens are about 5.6-6.5 kJ/g and 1.3-1.5 times larger than that of trinitrotoluene (TNT). Most importantly, the Pbam phase of the N4H compound is an excellent high-temperature superconductor with a Tc of 37.7 K at 72 GPa. The present findings enrich new phases of hydronitrogens under high pressure and characterize their structural and energetic properties and superconductivity, which offer crucial insights for further design and synthesis of exceptional materials with high energy density and high-temperature superconductivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei448000, China
| | - Shi He
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
| | - Kewei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an710065, China
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an710065, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan430074, China
| |
Collapse
|