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Fuchs S, Dick B. Photodissociation of deuterated pyrrole-ammonia clusters: H-atom transfer or electron coupled proton transfer? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14514-14528. [PMID: 38629346 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00566j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Several years ago the discovery of a conical intersection offered an explanation for the ultafast photodissociation of pyrrole. Subsequently, the photodissociation of pyrrole ammonia complexes PyH*(NH3)n with n ≥ 3 was studied in the gas phase as a model for a hydrogen-bond forming solvent. Two alternative mechanisms, electron coupled proton transfer (ECPT) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT, also called the impulsive model, IM), have been proposed. The parent 1 : 1 complex was never studied, due to the short lifetime of the NH4 radical fragment. Here we report experiments on the deuterated species PyD*(ND3)n, including the 1 : 1 complex (n = 1). The velocity distribution of the ND4 radical is well approximated by a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of T ≈ 530 K, with a negative anisotropy parameter of β = -0.3. The impulsive model predicts a much narrower velocity distribution with larger negative anisotropy. The ECPT model predicts a long lived intermediate that should allow thermal equilibration of the vibrational energy but should also destroy the rotational memory of the initially excited state. The average kinetic energy agrees with the prediction of the impulsive model, whereas the wide range of kinetic energies is more in line with ECPT. Hence the mechanism seems to be more complex and requires further theoretical modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Fuchs
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Dick
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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2
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Singh RK, Pant R, Patwari GN. Ultrafast Proton-Transfer Reaction in Phenol–(Ammonia)n Clusters: An Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Investigation. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1590-1597. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reman Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rakesh Pant
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - G. Naresh Patwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Jouvet C, Miyazaki M, Fujii M. Revealing the role of excited state proton transfer (ESPT) in excited state hydrogen transfer (ESHT): systematic study in phenol-(NH 3) n clusters. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3836-3856. [PMID: 34163653 PMCID: PMC8179502 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06877b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Excited State Hydrogen Transfer (ESHT), proposed at the end of the 20th century by the corresponding authors, has been observed in many neutral or protonated molecules and become a new paradigm to understand excited state dynamics/photochemistry of aromatic molecules. For example, a significant number of photoinduced proton-transfer reactions from X–H bonds have been re-defined as ESHT, including those of phenol, indole, tryptophan, aromatic amino acid cations and so on. Photo-protection mechanisms of biomolecules, such as isolated nucleic acids of DNA, are also discussed in terms of ESHT. Therefore, a systematic and up-to-date description of ESHT mechanism is important for researchers in chemistry, biology and related fields. In this review, we will present a general model of ESHT which unifies the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) and the ESHT mechanisms and reveals the hidden role of ESPT in controlling the reaction rate of ESHT. For this purpose, we give an overview of experimental and theoretical work on the excited state dynamics of phenol–(NH3)n clusters and related molecular systems. The dynamics has a significant dependence on the number of solvent molecules in the molecular cluster. Three-color picosecond time-resolved IR/near IR spectroscopy has revealed that ESHT becomes an electron transfer followed by a proton transfer in highly solvated clusters. The systematic change from ESHT to decoupled electron/proton transfer according to the number of solvent molecules is rationalized by a general model of ESHT including the role of ESPT. A general model of excited state hydrogen transfer (ESHT) which unifies ESHT and the excited state proton transfer (ESPT) is presented from experimental and theoretical works on phenol–(NH3)n. The hidden role of ESPT is revealed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires (PIIM), UMR 7345 13397 Marseille Cedex France .,World Research Hub Initiatives, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Miyazaki
- Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University 2-1-1 Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8610 Japan.,Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Masaaki Fujii
- World Research Hub Initiatives, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan.,Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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4
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Tachikawa H, Iyama T. Proton Transfer Reaction Rates in Phenol-Ammonia Cluster Cation. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:7893-7900. [PMID: 32882138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proton transfer (PT) in an interaction system of a hydroxyl-amino group (OH-NH) plays a crucial role in photoinduced DNA and enzyme damage. A phenol-ammonia cluster is a prototype of an OH-NH interaction and is sometimes used as a DNA model. In the present study, the reaction dynamics of phenol-ammonia cluster cations, [PhOH-(NH3)n]+ (n = 1-5), following ionization of the neutral parent clusters, were investigated using a direct ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) method. In all clusters, PTs from PhOH+ to (NH3)n were found postionization, the reaction of which is expressed as PhOH+-(NH3)n → PhO-H+(NH3)n. The time of the PT was calculated as 43 (n = 1), 26 (n = 2), and 13 fs (n = 3-5), suggesting that the rate of PT increases with an increase in n and is saturated at n = 3-5. The difference in the PT rate originates strongly from the proton affinity of the (NH3)n cluster. In the case of n = 3-5, a second PT was found, the reaction of which is expressed as PhO-H+(NH3)n → PhO-NH3-H+(NH3)n-1, and a third PT occurred at n = 4 and 5. The time of the PT was calculated as 10-13 (first PT), 80-100 (second PT), and 150-200 fs (third PT) in the case of larger clusters (n = 4 and 5). The reaction mechanism based on the theoretical results is discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Tachikawa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Iyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
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5
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Huang X, Aranguren JP, Ehrmaier J, Noble JA, Xie W, Sobolewski AL, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C, Domcke W. Photoinduced water oxidation in pyrimidine-water clusters: a combined experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12502-12514. [PMID: 32452507 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01562h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photocatalytic oxidation of water with molecular or polymeric N-heterocyclic chromophores is a topic of high current interest in the context of artificial photosynthesis, that is, the conversion of solar energy to clean fuels. Hydrogen-bonded clusters of N-heterocycles with water molecules in a molecular beam are simple model systems for which the basic mechanisms of photochemical water oxidation can be studied under well-defined conditions. In this work, we explored the photoinduced H-atom transfer reaction in pyrimidine-water clusters yielding pyrimidinyl and hydroxyl radicals with laser spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and trajectory-based ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The oxidation of water by photoexcited pyrimidine is unequivocally confirmed by the detection of the pyrimidinyl radical. The dynamics simulations provide information on the time scales and branching ratios of the reaction. While relaxation to local minima of the S1 potential-energy surface is the dominant reaction channel, the H-atom transfer reaction occurs on ultrafast time scales (faster than about 100 fs) with a branching ratio of a few percent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
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6
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Sadhukhan D, Hazra A, Patwari GN. Bend-to-Break: Curvilinear Proton Transfer in Phenol-Ammonia Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3101-3108. [PMID: 32227953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electric field experienced by the OH group of phenol embedded in the cluster of ammonia molecules depends on the relative orientation of the ammonia molecules, and a critical field of 236 MV cm-1 is essential for the transfer of a proton from phenol to the surrounding ammonia cluster. However, exceptions to this rule were observed, which indicates that the projection of the solvent electric field over the O-H bond is not a definite descriptor of the proton transfer reaction. Therefore, a critical electric field is necessary, but it is not a sufficient condition for the proton abstraction. This, in combination with an adequate solvation of the acceptor ammonia molecule in a triple donor motif that energetically favors the proton transfer process, constitutes necessary and sufficient conditions for the spontaneous proton abstraction. The proton transfer process in phenol-(ammonia)n clusters is statistically favored to occur away from the plane of the phenyl ring and follows a curvilinear path which includes the O-H bond elongation and out-of-plane movement of the proton. Colloquially, this proton transfer can be referred to as a "bend-to-break" process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopriya Sadhukhan
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anirban Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - G Naresh Patwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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7
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Ishiuchi SI, Kamizori J, Tsuji N, Sakai M, Miyazaki M, Dedonder C, Jouvet C, Fujii M. Excited state hydrogen transfer dynamics in phenol-(NH 3) 2 studied by picosecond UV-near IR-UV time-resolved spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5740-5748. [PMID: 32104812 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06369b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Time-evolutions of excited state hydrogen transfer (ESHT) in phenol (PhOH)-(NH3)2 clusters have been measured by three-color picosecond (ps) ultraviolet (UV)-near infrared (NIR)-UV pump-probe ion dip spectroscopy. The formation of a reaction product, ˙NH4NH3, is detected by its NIR absorption due to a 3p-3s Rydberg transition. The ESHT reactions from all of the vibronic levels show biexponential time-evolutions, even from the S1 origin. Based on the biexponential time-evolution, it is suggested that there is a second reaction path via the triplet πσ* state, which gives the slow component. The fast time-evolution of the ESHT reaction from the S1 origin is measured to be 268 ps, which is 10-times slower than that in PhOH-(NH3)3, and a higher barrier between the ππ* and reactive πσ* states is suggested. The size dependence of the ESHT reaction rates is discussed based on a potential distortion due to the proton transferred state in the ππ* potential surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Ishiuchi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
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8
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Chatterjee P, Biswas S, Chakraborty T. Hydrogen Bonding Effects on Vibrational Dynamics and Photochemistry in Selected Binary Molecular Complexes. J Indian Inst Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-019-00158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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9
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Biswas S, Bhattacharya I, Chakraborty T. Identification of an Emitting Metastable State of p-Fluorophenol-Ammonia 1:2 Complex by Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10563-10570. [PMID: 31714082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have demonstrated here, for the first time to our knowledge, the formation of an emitting metastable species upon lowest electronic excitation (S1) of a hydrogen-bonded 1:2 complex of para-fluorophenol (pFP) with ammonia (NH3), which is known to be one of the smallest reactive complexes to undergo excited state H-atom transfer (HAT) reaction to produce •NH4(NH3) radical fragment. The emission spectrum of the species is characterized to be red-shifted, broad, and structureless. From the viewpoint of energy balance, an excited state proton transfer (ESPT) is unfavorable, but according to predicted electronic structure parameters, the metastable state species could be stabilized by charge transfer (CT) interaction at the hydrogen-bonded geometry of the complex. We propose that this species could act as an intermediate to the HAT process in the excited state. The observation of such a state could be valuable to understand the complex dynamics of similar events in biologically relevant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvick Biswas
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Indrani Bhattacharya
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur , Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Tapas Chakraborty
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A Raja S C Mullick Road, Jadavpur , Kolkata 700032 , India
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10
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Soorkia S, Jouvet C, Grégoire G. UV Photoinduced Dynamics of Conformer-Resolved Aromatic Peptides. Chem Rev 2019; 120:3296-3327. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satchin Soorkia
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, PIIM UMR 7345, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Grégoire
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
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11
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León I, Fernández JA. Influence of the solvent in the electronic excitation of aromatic alcohols: Excited state IR-UV of propofol(H 2O) 8. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:214306. [PMID: 31176335 DOI: 10.1063/1.5093813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that water plays an important role in the reactivity and dynamics in a solution of molecules in electronic excited states. For example, electronic excitation is usually accompanied by a solvent rearrangement that may also influence the redistribution of the excitation energy. However, there is a lack of experimental data on such processes. Here, we explore the structural changes that follow electronic excitation in aggregates of propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) with up to eight water molecules, using a combination of mass-resolved excitation spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. The molecules of water form a polyhedron around the hydroxyl group of propofol, also interacting with the π cloud of the aromatic ring. Electronic excitation produces a strong structural change in the water superstructure, which moves to an interaction with one of the carbon atoms of the aromatic ring, producing its distortion into a prefulvenic structure. Such deformation is not observed in smaller water clusters or in propofol-phenol aggregates highlighting the decisive role played by the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker León
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, Leioa 48940, Spain
| | - José A Fernández
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), Barrio Sarriena S/N, Leioa 48940, Spain
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12
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Miyazaki M, Washio N, Fujii M. Electron-proton transfer mechanism of excited-state hydrogen transfer in phenol−(NH3) (n = 5) studied by delayed ionization detected femtosecond time-resolved NIR spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Esteves-López N, Coussan S, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C. Photoinduced water splitting in pyridine water clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:25637-25644. [PMID: 27711521 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04398d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio calculations predict that pyridine (Py) can act as a photo-catalyst to split water by the absorption of a UV photon following the reaction Py-H2O + hν → PyH˙ + OH˙. To test this prediction, we performed two types of experiments: in the first, we characterize the electronic spectroscopy of the PyH˙ radical in the gas phase. In the second, we evidence the reaction through the UV excitation of molecular Py-(H2O)n clusters obtained in a supersonic expansion and monitoring the PyH˙ reaction product. The results show unambiguously that PyH˙ is produced, and thus that water is split using pyridine as a photo-catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Esteves-López
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM) UMR-7345, Marseille, France.
| | - Stephane Coussan
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM) UMR-7345, Marseille, France.
| | - Claude Dedonder-Lardeux
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM) UMR-7345, Marseille, France.
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM) UMR-7345, Marseille, France.
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14
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Miyazaki M, Ohara R, Dedonder C, Jouvet C, Fujii M. Electron-Proton Transfer Mechanism of Excited-State Hydrogen Transfer in Phenol-(NH 3 ) n (n=3 and 5). Chemistry 2017; 24:881-890. [PMID: 29032637 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Excited-state hydrogen transfer (ESHT) is responsible for various photochemical processes of aromatics, including photoprotection of nuclear basis. Its mechanism is explained by internal conversion from the aromatic ππ* to πσ* states via conical intersection. This means that the electron is transferred to a diffuse Rydberg-like σ* orbital apart from proton migration. This picture means the electron and the proton do not move together and the dynamics are different in principle. Here, we have applied picosecond time-resolved near-infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy to the phenol-(NH3 )5 cluster, the benchmark system of ESHT, and monitored the electron transfer and proton motion independently. The electron transfer monitored by the NIR transition rises within 3 ps, while the overall H transfer detected by the IR absorption of NH vibration appears with a lifetime of about 20 ps. This clearly proves that the electron motion and proton migration are decoupled. Such a difference of the time-evolutions between the NIR absorption and the IR transition has not been detected in a cluster with three ammonia molecules. We will report our full observation together with theoretical calculations of the potential energy surfaces of the ππ* and πσ* states, and will discuss the ESHT mechanism and its cluster size-dependence between n=3 and 5. It is suggested that the presence and absence of a barrier in the proton transfer coordinate cause the different dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiko Miyazaki
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-15, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Ohara
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-15, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Claude Dedonder
- CNRS, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires, Aix Marseille Université, (PIIM) UMR 7345, 13397, Marseille cedex, France
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires, Aix Marseille Université, (PIIM) UMR 7345, 13397, Marseille cedex, France
| | - Masaaki Fujii
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-15, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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15
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Shen CC, Tsai TT, Wu JY, Ho JW, Chen YW, Cheng PY. Watching proton transfer in real time: Ultrafast photoionization-induced proton transfer in phenol-ammonia complex cation. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:164302. [PMID: 29096460 DOI: 10.1063/1.5001375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we give a full account of our previous work [C. C. Shen et al., J. Chem. Phys. 141, 171103 (2014)] on the study of an ultrafast photoionization-induced proton transfer (PT) reaction in the phenol-ammonia (PhOH-NH3) complex using ultrafast time-resolved ion photofragmentation spectroscopy implemented by the photoionization-photofragmentation pump-probe detection scheme. Neutral PhOH-NH3 complexes prepared in a free jet are photoionized by femtosecond 1 + 1 resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization via the S1 state. The evolving cations are then probed by delayed pulses that result in ion fragmentation, and the ionic dynamics is followed by measuring the parent-ion depletion as a function of the pump-probe delay time. By comparing with systems in which PT is not feasible and the steady-state ion photofragmentation spectra, we concluded that the observed temporal evolutions of the transient ion photofragmentation spectra are consistent with an intracomplex PT reaction after photoionization from the initial non-PT to the final PT structures. Our experiments revealed that PT in [PhOH-NH3]+ cation proceeds in two distinct steps: an initial impulsive wave-packet motion in ∼70 fs followed by a slower relaxation of about 1 ps that stabilizes the system into the final PT configuration. These results indicate that for a barrierless PT system, even though the initial PT motions are impulsive and ultrafast, the time scale to complete the reaction can be much slower and is determined by the rate of energy dissipation into other modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chi Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Tsung-Ting Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Jun-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Jr-Wei Ho
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
| | - Po-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30043, Republic of China
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Fujihara A, Matsuo S, Tajiri M, Wada Y, Hayakawa S. Hypervalent radical formation probed by electron transfer dissociation of zwitterionic tryptophan and tryptophan-containing dipeptides complexed with Ca2+ and 18-crown-6 in the gas phase. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:1124-1129. [PMID: 26456780 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between peptide structure and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) is important for structural analysis by mass spectrometry. In the present study, the formation, structure and reactivity of the reaction intermediate in the ETD process were examined using a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. ETD product ions of zwitterionic tryptophan (Trp) and Trp-containing dipeptides (Trp-Gly and Gly-Trp) were detected without reionization using non-covalent analyte complexes with Ca(2+) and 18-crown-6 (18C6). In the collision-induced dissociation, NH3 loss was the main dissociation pathway, and loss related to the dissociation of the carboxyl group was not observed. This indicated that Trp and its dipeptides on Ca(2+) (18C6) adopted a zwitterionic structure with an NH3 (+) group and bonded to Ca(2+) (18C6) through the COO(-) group. Hydrogen atom loss observed in the ETD spectra indicated that intermolecular electron transfer from a molecular anion to the NH3 (+) group formed a hypervalent ammonium radical, R-NH3 , as a reaction intermediate, which was unstable and dissociated rapidly through N-H bond cleavage. In addition, N-Cα bond cleavage forming the z1 ion was observed in the ETD spectra of Trp-GlyCa(2+) (18C6) and Gly-TrpCa(2+) (18C6). This dissociation was induced by transfer of a hydrogen atom in the cluster formed via an N-H bond cleavage of the hypervalent ammonium radical and was in competition with the hydrogen atom loss. The results showed that a hypervalent radical intermediate, forming a delocalized hydrogen atom, contributes to the backbone cleavages of peptides in ETD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Fujihara
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Sou Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Michiko Tajiri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Sakai, Osaka, 594-1101, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Wada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Sakai, Osaka, 594-1101, Japan
| | - Shigeo Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
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17
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Omidyan R, Heidari Z, Salehi M, Azimi G. Electronically Excited States of Neutral, Protonated α-Naphthol and Their Water Clusters: A Theoretical Study. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6650-60. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b02249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Omidyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Heidari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salehi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamhassan Azimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
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18
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Shimizu T, Manita S, Yoshikawa S, Hashimoto K, Miyazaki M, Fujii M. The mechanism of excited-state proton transfer in 1-naphthol–piperidine clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25393-402. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03620h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoexcitation directly triggers proton transfer in 1-naphthol–(piperidine)n. This mechanism is essentially different from 1-naphthol–(NH3)n in which the internal conversion process is required to promote excited-state proton transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Shimizu
- Chemical Resources Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Shun Manita
- Chemical Resources Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Shunpei Yoshikawa
- Chemical Resources Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Kenro Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Miyazaki
- Chemical Resources Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
| | - Masaaki Fujii
- Chemical Resources Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503
- Japan
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19
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Shimizu T, Yoshikawa S, Hashimoto K, Miyazaki M, Fujii M. Theoretical Study on the Size Dependence of Excited State Proton Transfer in 1-Naphthol–Ammonia Clusters. J Phys Chem B 2014; 119:2415-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507222n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Shimizu
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shunpei Yoshikawa
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kenro Hashimoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Miyazaki
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masaaki Fujii
- Chemical
Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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20
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Rodríguez JD, González MG, Rubio-Lago L, Bañares L. Direct evidence of hydrogen-atom tunneling dynamics in the excited state hydrogen transfer (ESHT) reaction of phenol–ammonia clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3757-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54362e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Ataelahi M, Omidyan R. Microhydration effects on the electronic properties of protonated phenol: a theoretical study. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:12842-50. [PMID: 24191660 DOI: 10.1021/jp409537s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The CC2 (second-order approximate coupled cluster method) has been employed to investigate microhydration effect on electronic properties of protonated phenol (PhH(+)) According to the CC2 calculation results on electronic excited states of microhydrated PhH(+), for the S1 and S2 electronic states, which are of (1)ππ* nature and belong to the A' representation of molecular Cs point group, a significant blue shift effect on the S1 and S2 electronic states, which are of 1ππ* nature and belong to the A' representation of molecular Cs point group, in comparison to corresponding transitions on bare cation (PhH(+)), has been predicted. Nevertheless, for the S3-S0 (1A'', 1σπ*) transition, a large red shift effect has been predicted. Furthermore, it has been found that the lowest (1)σπ* state plays a prominent role in the photochemistry of these systems. In the bare protonated phenol, the (1)σπ* state is a bound state with a broad potential curve along the OH stretching coordinate, while it is dissociative in microhydrated species. This indicates to a predissociation of the S1((1)ππ*) state by a low-lying (1)σπ* state, which leads the excited system to a concerted proton-transfer reaction from protonated chromophore to the solvent. The dissociative (1)σπ* state in monohydrated PhH(+) has small barrier, while increasing the solvent molecules up to three removes the barrier and consequently expedites the proton-transfer reaction dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Ataelahi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan , 81746-73441 Isfahan, Iran
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22
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Sasaki H, Daicho S, Yamada Y, Nibu Y. Comparable strength of OH-O versus OH-π hydrogen bonds in hydrogen-bonded 2,3-benzofuran clusters with water and methanol. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:3183-9. [PMID: 23517236 DOI: 10.1021/jp400676x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two different types of hydrogen bond, which are classified into a familiar OH-O and a relatively weak OH-π one, have been compared in the 1:1 hydrogen-bonded 2,3-benzofuran clusters with water and methanol molecules. By applying fluorescence-detected infrared spectroscopy and dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy, two isomers having different types of hydrogen bonds are distinguished. From the calculated stabilization energy as well as the frequency shift of the OH stretching vibration in each cluster, these two isomers are almost equally stable, although that of OH-π type is usually thought to be relatively weak. It is suggested that the origin of the weak OH-O hydrogen bond is derived from the lower availability for a hydrogen bond acceptor on the oxygen atom of a heteroaromatic ring, which is attributed to the larger furan aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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23
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Miyazaki M, Kawanishi A, Nielsen I, Alata I, Ishiuchi SI, Dedonder C, Jouvet C, Fujii M. Ground State Proton Transfer in Phenol–(NH3)n (n ≤ 11) Clusters Studied by Mid-IR Spectroscopy in 3–10 μm Range. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:1522-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312074m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiko Miyazaki
- Chemical Spectroscopy Division,
Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ayako Kawanishi
- Chemical Spectroscopy Division,
Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Iben Nielsen
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires
d’Orsay and Centre Laser de l’Université Paris
Sud, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405
Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Ivan Alata
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires
d’Orsay and Centre Laser de l’Université Paris
Sud, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405
Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Shun-ichi Ishiuchi
- Chemical Spectroscopy Division,
Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Claude Dedonder
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires
d’Orsay and Centre Laser de l’Université Paris
Sud, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405
Orsay Cedex, France
- PIIM−UMR
CNRS 7345, Aix Marseille Université, Avenue Escadrille
Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires
d’Orsay and Centre Laser de l’Université Paris
Sud, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405
Orsay Cedex, France
- PIIM−UMR
CNRS 7345, Aix Marseille Université, Avenue Escadrille
Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Masaaki Fujii
- Chemical Spectroscopy Division,
Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-R1-15, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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24
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Shimizu T, Yoshino R, Ishiuchi SI, Hashimoto K, Miyazaki M, Fujii M. Structure of 1-naphthol–water clusters in the S1 state studied by UV–IR fluorescence dip spectroscopy and ab initio molecular orbital calculations. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Yamada Y, Noboru Y, Sakaguchi T, Nibu Y. Conformation of 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol and the Solvation Structure of Its 2-Fluoropyridine Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:2845-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp300721r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamada
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yusuke Noboru
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Takuma Sakaguchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nibu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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26
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Yamada Y, Ishikawa H, Fuke K. Solvation Structure and Stability of [(CH 3) 2NH] m(NH 3) n–H Hypervalent Clusters: Ionization Potentials and Switching of Hydrogen-Atom Localized Site. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8380-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204331q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Tsuji N, Ishiuchi SI, Jouvet C, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Miyazaki M, Sakai M, Fujii M. Hole-burning spectra of m-fluorophenol/ammonia (1:3) clusters and their excited state hydrogen transfer dynamics. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:1928-34. [PMID: 21542095 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hole-burning spectra of m-fluorophenol/ammonia (1:3) clusters are measured by four-color UV-near IR-UV-UV hole-burning spectroscopy. Cis and trans isomers of the cluster are clearly distinguished in the (1:3) cluster. Picosecond time evolutions of the excited state hydrogen transfer (ESHT) reaction in the (1:3) clusters are measured by the ion depletion due to 3p-3s Rydberg transition of reaction products ⋅NH(4)(NH(3))(2) lying in the near infrared region. From the wavelength dependence of the time evolution, we have concluded 1) the initial formation of a metastable ⋅NH(4)-NH(3)-NH(3) radical and 2) successive isomerization to the most stable NH(3)-⋅NH(4) -NH(3) radical in both cis and trans isomers. The reaction lifetimes of ESHT are determined by the rate equation analysis as 32.4 and 31.8 ps for the cis and trans isomer, respectively, and the isomerization and its back-reaction lifetime of both isomers are determined to be 3.3 ps and 11.2 ps. The almost same reaction rates are consistent with the similarity of the hydrogen bond networks in both clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Tsuji
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsutacho, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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28
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Sohn WY, Kim M, Kim SS, Park YD, Kang H. Solvent-assisted conformational isomerization and the conformationally-pure REMPI spectrum of 3-aminophenol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:7037-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Slavíček P, Fárník M. Photochemistry of hydrogen bonded heterocycles probed by photodissociation experiments and ab initio methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:12123-37. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20674e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Rubio-Lago L, Amaral GA, Oldani AN, Rodríguez JD, González MG, Pino GA, Bañares L. Photodissociation of pyrrole–ammonia clusters by velocity map imaging: mechanism for the H-atom transfer reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:1082-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01442g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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David O, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C. Is there an Excited State Proton Transfer in phenol (or 1 -naphthol)-ammonia clusters? Hydrogen Detachment and Transfer to Solvent: A key for non-radiative processes in clusters. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350210164287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Pino GA, Oldani AN, Marceca E, Fujii M, Ishiuchi SI, Miyazaki M, Broquier M, Dedonder C, Jouvet C. Excited state hydrogen transfer dynamics in substituted phenols and their complexes with ammonia: ππ∗-πσ∗ energy gap propensity and ortho-substitution effect. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:124313. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3480396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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33
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Yan S, Kang S, Hayashi T, Mukamel S, Lee JY. Computational studies on electron and proton transfer in phenol-imidazole-base triads. J Comput Chem 2010; 31:393-402. [PMID: 19479733 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The electron and proton transfer in phenol-imidazole-base systems (base = NH(2)(-) or OH(-)) were investigated by density-functional theory calculations. In particular, the role of bridge imidazole on the electron and proton transfer was discussed in comparison with the phenol-base systems (base = imidazole, H(2)O, NH(3), OH(-), and NH(2)(-)). In the gas phase phenol-imidazole-base system, the hydrogen bonding between the phenol and the imidazole is classified as short strong hydrogen bonding, whereas that between the imidazole and the base is a conventional hydrogen bonding. The n value in sp(n) hybridization of the oxygen and carbon atoms of the phenolic CO sigma bond was found to be closely related to the CO bond length. From the potential energy surfaces without and with zero point energy correction, it can be concluded that the separated electron and proton transfer mechanism is suitable for the gas-phase phenol-imidazole-base triads, in which the low-barrier hydrogen bond is found and the delocalized phenolic proton can move freely in the single-well potential. For the gas-phase oxidized systems and all of the triads in water solvent, the homogeneous proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism prevails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihai Yan
- Department of Chemistry, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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34
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Lim JS, Choi H, Lim IS, Park SB, Lee YS, Kim SK. Photodissociation dynamics of thiophenol-d1: the nature of excited electronic states along the S-D bond dissociation coordinate. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:10410-6. [PMID: 19728695 DOI: 10.1021/jp9076855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The S-D bond dissociation dynamics of thiophenol-d1 (C6H5SD) pumped at 266, 243, and 224 nm are examined using the velocity map ion imaging technique. At both 266 and 243 nm, distinct peaks associated with X and A states of the phenylthiyl radical (C6H5S*) are observed in the D+ image at high and low kinetic energy regions, respectively. The partitioning of the available energy into the vibrational energy of the phenylthiyl radical is found to be enhanced much more strongly at 266 nm compared to that at 243 nm. This indicates that the pipi* electronic excitation at 266 nm is accompanied by significant vibrational excitation. Given the relatively large anisotropy parameter of -0.6, the S-D dissociation at 266 nm is prompt and should involve the efficient coupling to the upper-lying n(pi)sigma* repulsive potential energy surface. The optical excitation of thiophenol at 224 nm is tentatively assigned to the pisigma* transition, which leads to the fast dissociation on the repulsive potential energy surface along the S-D coordinate. The nature of the electronic transitions associated with UV absorption bands is investigated with high-level ab initio calculations. Excitations to different electronic states of thiophenol result in unique branching ratios and vibrational excitations for the fragment of the phenylthiyl radical in the two lowest electronic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Sik Lim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon (305-701), Republic of Korea
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35
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Effects of Amino Substitution on the Excited State Hydrogen Transfer in Phenol: A TDDFT Study. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.7.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Sakota K, Komure N, Ishikawa W, Sekiya H. Spectroscopic study on the structural isomers of 7-azaindole(ethanol)n (n=1–3) and multiple-proton transfer reactions in the gas phase. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:224307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3149772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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37
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Carrera A, Nielsen IB, Carçabal P, Dedonder C, Broquier M, Jouvet C, Domcke W, Sobolewski AL. Biradicalic excited states of zwitterionic phenol-ammonia clusters. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:024302. [PMID: 19154023 DOI: 10.1063/1.3054292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenol-ammonia clusters with more than five ammonia molecules are proton transferred species in the ground state. In the present work, the excited states of these zwitterionic clusters have been studied experimentally with two-color pump probe methods on the nanosecond time scale and by ab initio electronic-structure calculations. The experiments reveal the existence of a long-lived excited electronic state with a lifetime in the 50-100 ns range, much longer than the excited state lifetime of bare phenol and small clusters of phenol with ammonia. The ab initio calculations indicate that this long-lived excited state corresponds to a biradicalic system, consisting of a phenoxy radical that is hydrogen bonded to a hydrogenated ammonia cluster. The biradical is formed from the locally excited state of the phenolate anion via an electron transfer process, which neutralizes the charge separation of the ground state zwitterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carrera
- University of Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 3er piso, Pab. II, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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38
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Sakota K, Sekiya H. Probe of the NH Bond Strength in 1La and 1Lb States of 7-azaindole with IR-Dip Spectroscopy: Insights into the Electronic-State Dependence of the Multiple Proton/Hydrogen Transfers in Hydrogen-Bonded Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2663-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp900128d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sakota
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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39
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Oldani AN, Ferrero JC, Pino GA. Effect of the intermolecular hydrogen bond conformation on the structure and reactivity of the p-cresol(H2O)(NH3) van der Waals complex. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:10409-16. [DOI: 10.1039/b916901f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Koizumi Y, Jouvet C, Norihiro T, Ishiuchi SI, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Fujii M. Electronic spectra of 7-azaindole/ammonia clusters and their photochemical reactivity. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:104311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2970936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Iqbal A, Pegg LJ, Stavros VG. Direct versus indirect H atom elimination from photoexcited phenol molecules. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:9531-4. [PMID: 18540588 DOI: 10.1021/jp802155b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The active role of the optically dark pi sigma* state, following UV absorption, has been implicated in the photochemistry of a number of biomolecules. This work focuses on the role of the pi sigma* state in the photochemistry of phenol upon excitation at 200 nm. By probing the neutral hydrogen following UV excitation, we show that hydrogen elimination along the dissociative pi sigma* potential energy surface occurs within 103 +/- 30 fs, indicating efficient coupling at the S1/S2 and S0/S2 conical intersections, with no identifiable role of statistical unimolecular decay of vibronically excited (S0) phenol in the timeframe of our measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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42
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43
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Ishiuchi SI, Sakai M, Daigoku K, Hashimoto K, Fujii M. Hydrogen transfer dynamics in a photoexcited phenol/ammonia (1:3) cluster studied by picosecond time-resolved UV-IR-UV ion dip spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2008; 127:234304. [PMID: 18154379 DOI: 10.1063/1.2806182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The picosecond time-resolved IR spectra of phenol/ammonia (1:3) cluster were measured by UV-IR-UV ion dip spectroscopy. The time-resolved IR spectra of the reaction products of the excited state hydrogen transfer were observed. From the different time evolution of two vibrational bands at 3180 and 3250 cm(-1), it was found that two isomers of hydrogenated ammonia radical cluster .NH(4)(NH(3))(2) coexist in the reaction products. The time evolution was also measured in the near-IR region, which corresponds to 3p-3s Rydberg transition of .NH(4)(NH(3))(2); a clear wavelength dependence was found. From the observed results, we concluded that (1) there is a memory effect of the parent cluster, which initially forms a metastable product, .NH(4)-NH(3)-NH(3), and (2) the metastable product isomerizes successively to the most stable product, NH(3)-.NH(4)-NH(3). The time constant for OH cleaving, the isomerization, and its back reaction were determined by rate-equation analysis to be 24, 6, and 9 ps, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-ichi Ishiuchi
- Chemical Resources Laboratoty, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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44
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Hause ML, Heidi Yoon Y, Case AS, Crim FF. Dynamics at conical intersections: The influence of O–H stretching vibrations on the photodissociation of phenol. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:104307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2831512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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45
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Tseng CM, Lee YT, Lin MF, Ni CK, Liu SY, Lee YP, Xu ZF, Lin MC. Photodissociation Dynamics of Phenol†. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9463-70. [PMID: 17691716 DOI: 10.1021/jp073282z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photodissociation of phenol at 193 and 248 nm was studied using multimass ion-imaging techniques and step-scan time-resolved Fourier-transform spectroscopy. The major dissociation channels at 193 nm include cleavage of the OH bond, elimination of CO, and elimination of H(2)O. Only the former two channels are observed at 248 nm. The translational energy distribution shows that H-atom elimination occurs in both the electronically excited and ground states, but elimination of CO or H(2)O occurs in the electronic ground state. Rotationally resolved emission spectra of CO (1 <or= v <or= 4) in the spectral region of 1860-2330 cm(-1) were detected upon photolysis at 193 nm. After a correction for rotational quenching, CO (v <or= 4) shows a nascent rotational temperature of approximately 4600 K. The observed vibrational distribution of (v = 1)/(v = 2)/(v = 3)/(v = 4) = 64.3/22.2/9.1/4.4 corresponds to a vibrational temperature of 3350 +/- 20 K. An average rotational energy of 6.9 +/- 0.7 kcal mol(-1) and vibrational energy of 3.8 +/- 0.7 kcal mol(-1) are observed for the CO product. The dissociation channels, translational energy distributions of the photofragment, and vibrational and rotational energies of product CO are consistent with potential energy surfaces from quantum chemical calculations and the branching ratios from an RRKM calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Ming Tseng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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Sakota K, Inoue N, Komoto Y, Sekiya H. Cooperative triple-proton/hydrogen atom relay in 7-azaindole(CH3OH)2 in the gas phase: remarkable change in the reaction mechanism from vibrational-mode specific to statistical fashion with increasing internal energy. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:4596-603. [PMID: 17487992 DOI: 10.1021/jp070359a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 7-azaindole-methanol 1:2 cluster [7AI(CH(3)OH)2] undergoes excited-state triple-proton/hydrogen atom transfer (ESTPT/HT) along the hydrogen-bonded network in the gas phase. The measurements of the resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectra of 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(n) (n = 0-3), where subscript n indicates the number of deuterium, and the fluorescence excitation spectrum of 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(0) allowed us to investigate the ESTPT/HT dynamics. By comparing the intensity ratios of the vibronic bands between 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(0) and 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(3) in REMPI spectra, we obtained the lower limit of an acceleration factor (f(a)(low)) of 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(0), which is the ratio of the reaction rate for the excitation of a vibronic state to that of the zero-point state in S(1). The f(a)(low) values are 2.7 +/- 0.83 and 4.0 +/- 1.2 for an in-phase intermolecular stretching vibration (sigma(1)) and its overtone (2sigma(1)) observed at 181 cm(-1) and 359 cm(-1) in the excitation spectrum, respectively, while that of the vibration (nu(2)/sigma(1) or nu(3)/sigma(1)) at 228 cm(-1) is 1.1 +/- 0.83. Thus, vibrational-mode-specific ESTPT/HT occurs in the low-energy region (600 cm(-1)). The excitation of an intramolecular ring mode (nu(intra)) of 7AI at 744 cm(-1) substantially enhances the reaction rate (f(a)(low) = 4.4 +/- 0.98), but the increase of f(a)(low) is not prominent for the excitation of v(intra) + sigma(1) at 926 cm(-1) (f(a)(low) = 5.0 +/- 1.6), although the sigma(1) mode is excited. These results suggest that the ESTPT/HT reaction in 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(0) directly proceeds from the photoexcited states with the internal energy less than approximately 600 cm(-1), but it occurs from the isoenergetically vibrational-energy redistributed states when the internal energy is large. This shows a remarkable feature of ESTPT/HT in 7AI(CH(3)OH)2; the nature of the reaction mechanism changes from vibrational-mode specific to statistical fashion with increasing the internal energy. The hydrogen-bonded network in 7AI(CH(3)OH)2-d(0) is represented by a directed graph. This shows that ESTPT/HT is one of the simplest examples of cooperative phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sakota
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Department of Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Nix MGD, Devine AL, Cronin B, Dixon RN, Ashfold MNR. High resolution photofragment translational spectroscopy studies of the near ultraviolet photolysis of phenol. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:133318. [PMID: 17029471 DOI: 10.1063/1.2353818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fragmentation dynamics of gas phase phenol molecules following excitation at many wavelengths in the range 279.145 > or = lambdaphot > or = 206.00 nm have been investigated by H Rydberg atom photofragment translational spectroscopy. Many of the total kinetic energy release (TKER) spectra so derived show structure, the analysis of which confirms the importance of O-H bond fission and reveals that the resulting phenoxyl cofragments are formed in a very limited subset of their available vibrational state density. Spectra recorded at lambdaphot > or = 248 nm show a feature centered at TKER approximately 6500 cm(-1). These H atom fragments, which show no recoil anisotropy, are rationalized in terms of initial S1<--S0 (pi*<--pi) excitation, and subsequent dissociation via two successive radiationless transitions: internal conversion to ground (S0) state levels carrying sufficient O-H stretch vibrational energy to allow efficient transfer towards, and passage around, the conical intersection (CI) between the S0 and S2(1pisigma*) potential energy surfaces (PESs) at larger R(O-H), en route to ground state phenoxyl products. The observed phenoxyl product vibrations indicate that parent modes nu16a and nu11 can both promote nonadiabatic coupling in the vicinity of the S0S2 CI. Spectra recorded at lambdaphot < or = 248 nm reveal a faster, anisotropic distribution of recoiling H atoms, centered at TKER approximately 12,000 cm(-1). These we attribute to H+phenoxyl products formed by direct coupling between the optically excited S1(1pi pi*) and repulsive S2(1pi sigma*) PESs. Parent mode nu16b is identified as the dominant coupling mode at the S1/S2 CI, and the resulting phenoxyl radical cofragments display a long progression in nu18b, the C-O in-plane wagging mode. Analysis of all structured TKER spectra yields D0(H-OC6H5) = 30,015 +/- 40 cm(-1). The present findings serve to emphasize two points of wider relevance in contemporary organic photochemistry: (i) The importance of 1) pi sigma* states in the fragmentation of gas phase heteroaromatic hydride molecules, even in cases where the 1pi sigma* state is optically dark. (ii) The probability of observing strikingly mode-specific product formation, even in "indirect" predissociations, if the fragmentation is driven by ultrafast nonadiabatic couplings via CIs between excited (and ground) state PESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G D Nix
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
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Ishiuchi SI, Daigoku K, Hashimoto K, Fujii M. Four-color hole burning spectra of phenol/ammonia 1:3 and 1:4 clusters. J Chem Phys 2006; 120:3215-20. [PMID: 15268474 DOI: 10.1063/1.1640352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The hole burning spectra of phenol/ammonia (1:3 and 1:4) clusters were measured by a newly developed four-color (UV-near-IR-UV-UV) hole burning spectroscopy, which is a kind of population labeling spectroscopy. From the hole burning spectra, it was found that single species is observed in an n = 3 cluster, while three isomers are observed simultaneously for n = 4. A possibility was suggested that the reaction efficiency of the hydrogen transfer from the electronically excited phenol/ammonia clusters, which was measured by a comparison with the action spectra of the corresponding cluster, depends on the initial vibronic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ichi Ishiuchi
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology/PRESTO-JST, Nagatsuta-cho, Midoriku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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Hobza P, Zahradník R, Müller-Dethlefs K. The World of Non-Covalent Interactions: 2006. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20060443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The review focusses on the fundamental importance of non-covalent interactions in nature by illustrating specific examples from chemistry, physics and the biosciences. Laser spectroscopic methods and both ab initio and molecular modelling procedures used for the study of non-covalent interactions in molecular clusters are briefly outlined. The role of structure and geometry, stabilization energy, potential and free energy surfaces for molecular clusters is extensively discussed in the light of the most advanced ab initio computational results for the CCSD(T) method, extrapolated to the CBS limit. The most important types of non-covalent complexes are classified and several small and medium size non-covalent systems, including H-bonded and improper H-bonded complexes, nucleic acid base pairs, and peptides and proteins are discussed with some detail. Finally, we evaluate the interpretation of experimental results in comparison with state of the art theoretical models: this is illustrated for phenol...Ar, the benzene dimer and nucleic acid base pairs. A review with 270 references.
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Tsuji N, Ishiuchi SI, Sakai M, Fujii M, Ebata T, Jouvet C, Dedonder-Lardeux C. Excited state hydrogen transfer in fluorophenol.ammonia clusters studied by two-color REMPI spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 8:114-21. [PMID: 16482250 DOI: 10.1039/b511619h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two-color (1 + 1') REMPI mass spectra of o-, m- and p-fluorophenol.ammonia (1 ration) clusters were measured with a long delay time between excitation and ionization lasers. The appearance of NH(4)(NH(3))(n-1)(+) with 100 ns delay after exciting the S(1) state is a strong indication of generation of long-lived species via S(1). In analogy with the phenol.ammonia clusters, we conclude that an excited state hydrogen transfer reaction occurs in o-, m- and p-fluorophenol.ammonia clusters. The S(1)-S(0) transition of o-, m- and p-fluorophenol.ammonia (1 : 1) clusters were measured by the (1 + 1') REMPI spectra, while larger (1 ration) cluster (n = 2-4) were observed by monitoring the long-lived NH(4)(NH(3))(n-1) clusters action spectra. The vibronic structures of m- and p-fluorophenol.ammonia clusters are assigned based on vibrational calculations in S(0). The o-fluorophenol.ammonia (1 : 1) cluster shows an anharmonic progression that is analyzed by a one-dimensional internal rotational motion of the ammonia molecule. The interaction between the ammonia molecule and the fluorine atom, and its change upon electronic excitation are suggested. The broad action spectra observed for the o-fluorophenol.ammonia (1 : n) cluster (n>== 2) suggest the excited state hydrogen transfer is faster than in m- and p-fluorophenol.ammonia clusters. The different reaction rates between o-, m- and p-fluorophenol.ammonia clusters are found from comparison between the REMPI and action spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Tsuji
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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