1
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Goudreau ES, Boguslavskiy AE, Moffatt DJ, Makhija V, Hemsworth M, Lausten R, Marceau C, Wilkinson I, Stolow A. Time-stretched multi-hit 3D velocity map imaging of photoelectrons. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:063002. [PMID: 37862509 DOI: 10.1063/5.0149897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The 2D photoelectron velocity map imaging (VMI) technique is commonly employed in gas-phase molecular spectroscopy and dynamics investigations due to its ability to efficiently extract photoelectron spectra and angular distributions in a single experiment. However, the standard technique is limited to specific light-source polarization geometries. This has led to significant interest in the development of 3D VMI techniques, which are capable of measuring individual electron positions and arrival times, obtaining the full 3D distribution without the need for inversion, forward-convolution, or tomographic reconstruction approaches. Here, we present and demonstrate a novel time-stretched, 13-lens 3D VMI photoelectron spectrometer, which has sub-camera-pixel spatial resolution and 210 ps (σ) time-of-flight (TOF) resolution (currently limited by trigger jitter). We employ a kHz CMOS camera to image a standard 40 mm diameter microchannel plate (MCP)/phosphor anode detector (providing x and y positions), combined with a digitizer pick-off from the MCP anode to obtain the electron TOF. We present a detailed analysis of time-space correlation under data acquisition conditions which generate multiple electrons per laser shot, and demonstrate a major advantage of this time-stretched 3D VMI approach: that the greater spread in electron TOFs permits for an accurate time- and position-stamping of up to six electrons per laser shot at a 1 kHz repetition rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Scott Goudreau
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Andrey E Boguslavskiy
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | | | - Varun Makhija
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- Department of Physics, University of Mary Washington, Fredericksburg, Virginia 22401, USA
| | - Michael Hemsworth
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Rune Lausten
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Claude Marceau
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Iain Wilkinson
- Institute for Electronic Structure Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz-1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Albert Stolow
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
- NRC-uOttawa Joint Centre for Extreme Photonics, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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2
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Bittner D, Gope K, Livshits E, Baer R, Strasser D. Sequential and concerted C-C and C-O bond dissociation in the Coulomb explosion of 2-propanol. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:074309. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0098531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We study the competing mechanisms in the Coulomb explosion of 2-propanol dication, formed by an ultrafast EUV pulse. Over 20 product channels are identified and characterized using 3D coincidence imaging of the ionic fragments. The momentum correlations in the three-body fragmentation channels provide evidence for a dominant sequential mechanism, starting with cleavage of a C-C bond, ejecting and cations, followed by a secondary fragmentation of the hydroxyethyl cation that can be delayed for up to a microsecond after ionization. C-O bond dissociation channels are less frequent, involving proton-transfer and double-proton transfer, forming and products respectively and exhibiting mixed sequential and concerted character. These results can be explained by the high potential barrier for the C-O bond dissociation seen in our ab initio quantum chemical calculations. We also observe coincident COH+ + C2Hn+ ions, suggesting exotic structural rearrangements, starting from the Frank-Condon geometry of the neutral 2-propanol system. Remarkably, the relative yield of the product is suppressed compared with methanol and alkene dications. Ab initio potentials and ground-state molecular dynamics simulations show that a rapid and direct C-C bond cleavage dominates the Coulomb explosion process, leaving no time for roaming which is a necessary precursor to the formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Bittner
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem - Givat Ram Campus, Israel
| | | | - Ester Livshits
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem - Givat Ram Campus, Israel
| | - Roi Baer
- Department of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem - Givat Ram Campus, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem - Givat Ram Campus, Israel
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3
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Jones ACL, Moxom J, Fuentes-Garcia M, Cecchini GG, Membreno EE, Roeder EE, Mills AP. A resistive-anode based position-sensitive Rydberg atom detector. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:013305. [PMID: 35104976 DOI: 10.1063/5.0077037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We describe here the development and characterization of a position-sensitive detector for Rydberg atom experiments. The detector builds on an earlier design that field-ionized incident Rydberg positronium (Ps) atoms and then electrostatically focused the freed positrons onto a micro-channel plate (MCP) detector without the use of a position sensitive anode. In this design, pulses from the MCP are deposited onto a resistive anode, providing a means of measuring the incident particles' x, y positions. The first detector constructed utilized a pair of MCPs in a chevron configuration and was used to observe the focusing of Rydberg Ps atoms from an electrostatic mirror. A second detector, developed for use in a measurement of the 1S-2S interval of Ps, incorporates three MCPs in a Z-stack configuration to produce larger pulses. Using a UV-induced signal, we have characterized the performance of the assembled detectors, finding a spatial resolution of ∼1.4 mm for the largest induced pulses and for pulse widths of ∼7-10 ns FWHM; pulse times can be resolved to better than 1 ns. The Ps induced signal is anticipated to yield pulses ∼5 times larger, which are expected to achieve a spatial resolution of <1 mm. Appropriate lenses could make possible applications involving either imaging a large area or magnifying a small area of the incident Ps spatial distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C L Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Moxom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - M Fuentes-Garcia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - G G Cecchini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - E E Membreno
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - E E Roeder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A P Mills
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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4
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Orunesajo E, Basnayake G, Ranathunga Y, Stewart G, Heathcote D, Vallance C, Lee SK, Li W. All-Optical Three-Dimensional Electron Momentum Imaging. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5220-5225. [PMID: 34097418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a new implementation of three-dimensional (3D) momentum imaging for electrons, employing a two-dimensional (2D) imaging detector and a silicon photomultiplier tube (siPMT). To achieve the necessary time resolution for 3D electron imaging, a poly(p-phenylene)-dye-based fast scintillator (Exalite 404) was used in the imaging detector instead of conventional phosphors. The system demonstrated an electron time-of-flight resolution comparable with that of electrical MCP pick-off (tens of picoseconds), while achieving an unprecedented dead time reduction (∼0.48 ns) when detecting two electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Orunesajo
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Gihan Basnayake
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Yasashri Ranathunga
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Gabriel Stewart
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - David Heathcote
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Claire Vallance
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Suk Kyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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5
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Bittner DM, Gope K, Strasser D. Time-resolved dissociative ionization and double photoionization of CO 2. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:194201. [PMID: 33218224 DOI: 10.1063/5.0028812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CO2 single-photon double photoionization, Coulomb explosion, and dissociative ionization are studied with ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet pump and time-delayed near-infrared probe pulses. Kinetic energy release and momentum correlations for the two-body CO+ + O+ and three-body O+ + C+ + O fragmentation products are determined by 3D coincidence fragment imaging. The transient enhancement of the ratio of two-body vs three-body Coulomb explosion events and the time dependence of low and high kinetic energy release dissociation events are discussed in terms of dissociative ionization and Coulomb explosion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror M Bittner
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Krishnendu Gope
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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6
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Margulis B, Narevicius J, Narevicius E. Direct observation of a Feshbach resonance by coincidence detection of ions and electrons in Penning ionization collisions. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3553. [PMID: 32678097 PMCID: PMC7366646 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Observation of molecular dynamics with quantum state resolution is one of the major challenges in chemical physics. Complete characterization of collision dynamics leads to the microscopic understanding and unraveling of different quantum phenomena such as scattering resonances. Here we present an experimental approach for observing molecular dynamics involving neutral particles and ions that is capable of providing state-to-state mapping of the dynamics. We use Penning ionization reaction between argon and metastable helium to generate argon ion and ground state helium atom pairs at separation of several angstroms. The energy of an ejected electron carries the information about the initial electronic state of an ion. The coincidence detection of ionic products provides a state resolved description of the post-ionization ion-neutral dynamics. We demonstrate that correlation between the electron and ion energy spectra enables us to directly observe the spin-orbit excited Feshbach resonance state of HeAr+. We measure the lifetime of the quasi-bound HeAr+ A2 state and discuss possible applications of our method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baruch Margulis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Julia Narevicius
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Edvardas Narevicius
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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7
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Livshits E, Luzon I, Gope K, Baer R, Strasser D. Time-resolving the ultrafast H 2 roaming chemistry and H 3+ formation using extreme-ultraviolet pulses. Commun Chem 2020; 3:49. [PMID: 36703393 PMCID: PMC9814522 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-0294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The time scales and formation mechanisms of tri-hydrogen cation products in organic molecule ionization processes are poorly understood, despite their cardinal role in the chemistry of the interstellar medium and in other chemical systems. Using an ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet pump and time-resolved near-IR probe, combined with high-level ab initio molecular dynamics calculations, here we report unambiguously that H3+ formation in double-ionization of methanol occurs on a sub 100 fs time scale, settling previous conflicting findings of strong-field Coulomb explosion experiments. Our combined experimental-computational studies suggest that ultrafast competition, between proton-transfer and long-range electron-transfer processes, determines whether the roaming neutral H2 dynamics on the dication result in [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] fragments respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Livshits
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | - Itamar Luzon
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | - Krishnendu Gope
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | - Roi Baer
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Fritz Haber Center for Molecular Dynamics and the Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904 Israel
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8
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Shirman E, Shahi A, Continetti RE, Strasser D. Dissociative detachment of the fluoroformate anion. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27666-27672. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04283h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
3D fragment imaging of the fluoroformate anion (FCO2−) dissociative photodetachment products shows reductive fragmentation, forming FCO + O, as well as a dominant cleavage of the CF bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Shirman
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- 91904 Jerusalem
- Israel
| | - Abhishek Shahi
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- 91904 Jerusalem
- Israel
| | - Robert E. Continetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- 91904 Jerusalem
- Israel
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9
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Shahi A, Albeck Y, Strasser D. Simultaneous 3D coincidence imaging of cationic, anionic, and neutral photo-fragments. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:013303. [PMID: 29390661 DOI: 10.1063/1.5004523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present the design and simulations of a 3D coincidence imaging spectrometer for fast beam photofragmentation experiments. Coincidence detection of cationic, neutral, and anionic fragments involves spectrometer aberrations that are successfully corrected by an analytical model combined with exact numerical simulations. The spectrometer performance is experimentally demonstrated by characterization of four different channels of intense 800 nm pulse interaction with F2-: F- + F photodissociation, F + F dissociative photodetachment, F+ + F dissociative ionization, and F+ + F+ coulomb explosion. Improved measurement of F2- photodissociation with a 400 nm photon allows a better determination of the F2- anion dissociation energy, 1.256 ± 0.005 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shahi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yishai Albeck
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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10
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Shahi A, Albeck Y, Strasser D. Intense-Field Multiple-Detachment of F 2¯: Competition with Photodissociation. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:3037-3044. [PMID: 28388045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The competition of intense-field multiple-detachment with efficient photodissociation of F2¯ is studied as a function of laser peak intensity. The main product channels are disentangled and characterized by 3D coincidence fragment imaging. The presented kinetic energy release spectra, angular distributions, as well as two-color pump-probe measurements allow identification of competing sequential and nonsequential mechanisms. Dissociative detachment, producing two neutral atoms (F + F), is found to be dominated by a sequential mechanism of photodissociation (F¯ + F), followed by detachment of the atomic anion fragment. In contrast, dissociative ionization (F + F+) shows competing contributions of both a sequential two-step mechanism as well as a nonsequential double-detachment of the molecular anion, which are distinguished by the kinetic energy released in the dissociation. Triple-detachment is found to be nonsequential in nature and results in Coulomb explosion (F+ + F+). Furthermore, the measured kinetic energy release for dissociation on the 2Σg+ state provides a direct measurement of the F2¯ dissociation energy, D0 = 1.26 ± 0.03 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shahi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yishai Albeck
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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11
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von Hahn R, Becker A, Berg F, Blaum K, Breitenfeldt C, Fadil H, Fellenberger F, Froese M, George S, Göck J, Grieser M, Grussie F, Guerin EA, Heber O, Herwig P, Karthein J, Krantz C, Kreckel H, Lange M, Laux F, Lohmann S, Menk S, Meyer C, Mishra PM, Novotný O, O'Connor AP, Orlov DA, Rappaport ML, Repnow R, Saurabh S, Schippers S, Schröter CD, Schwalm D, Schweikhard L, Sieber T, Shornikov A, Spruck K, Sunil Kumar S, Ullrich J, Urbain X, Vogel S, Wilhelm P, Wolf A, Zajfman D. The cryogenic storage ring CSR. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:063115. [PMID: 27370434 DOI: 10.1063/1.4953888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
An electrostatic cryogenic storage ring, CSR, for beams of anions and cations with up to 300 keV kinetic energy per unit charge has been designed, constructed, and put into operation. With a circumference of 35 m, the ion-beam vacuum chambers and all beam optics are in a cryostat and cooled by a closed-cycle liquid helium system. At temperatures as low as (5.5 ± 1) K inside the ring, storage time constants of several minutes up to almost an hour were observed for atomic and molecular, anion and cation beams at an energy of 60 keV. The ion-beam intensity, energy-dependent closed-orbit shifts (dispersion), and the focusing properties of the machine were studied by a system of capacitive pickups. The Schottky-noise spectrum of the stored ions revealed a broadening of the momentum distribution on a time scale of 1000 s. Photodetachment of stored anions was used in the beam lifetime measurements. The detachment rate by anion collisions with residual-gas molecules was found to be extremely low. A residual-gas density below 140 cm(-3) is derived, equivalent to a room-temperature pressure below 10(-14) mbar. Fast atomic, molecular, and cluster ion beams stored for long periods of time in a cryogenic environment will allow experiments on collision- and radiation-induced fragmentation processes of ions in known internal quantum states with merged and crossed photon and particle beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- R von Hahn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Becker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Berg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Blaum
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Breitenfeldt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Fadil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Fellenberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Froese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S George
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Göck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Grieser
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Grussie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E A Guerin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Heber
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - P Herwig
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Karthein
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Krantz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - H Kreckel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Lange
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Laux
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Lohmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Menk
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Meyer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P M Mishra
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Novotný
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A P O'Connor
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D A Orlov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M L Rappaport
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - R Repnow
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Saurabh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Schippers
- I. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C D Schröter
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Schwalm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - L Schweikhard
- Institut für Physik, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - T Sieber
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Shornikov
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - K Spruck
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Sunil Kumar
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Ullrich
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - X Urbain
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - S Vogel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Wilhelm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D Zajfman
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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12
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Lin YF, Lee SK, Adhikari P, Herath T, Lingenfelter S, Winney AH, Li W. Note: An improved 3D imaging system for electron-electron coincidence measurements. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:096110. [PMID: 26429497 DOI: 10.1063/1.4931684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an improved imaging system that can achieve highly efficient 3D detection of two electrons in coincidence. The imaging system is based on a fast frame complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera and a high-speed waveform digitizer. We have shown previously that this detection system is capable of 3D detection of ions and electrons with good temporal and spatial resolution. Here, we show that with a new timing analysis algorithm, this system can achieve an unprecedented dead-time (<0.7 ns) and dead-space (<1 mm) when detecting two electrons. A true zero dead-time detection is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Suk Kyoung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Pradip Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Thushani Herath
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Steven Lingenfelter
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Alexander H Winney
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
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13
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Kandhasamy DM, Albeck Y, Jagtap K, Strasser D. 3D Coincidence Imaging Disentangles Intense Field Double Detachment of SF6–. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:8076-82. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yishai Albeck
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Krishna Jagtap
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Strasser
- Institute
of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
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