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Markmann V, Pan J, Hansen BL, Haubro ML, Nimmrich A, Lenzen P, Levantino M, Katayama T, Adachi SI, Gorski-Bilke S, Temps F, Dohn AO, Møller KB, Nielsen MM, Haldrup K. Real-time structural dynamics of the ultrafast solvation process around photo-excited aqueous halides. Chem Sci 2024; 15:11391-11401. [PMID: 39055005 PMCID: PMC11268492 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01912a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This work investigates and describes the structural dynamics taking place following charge-transfer-to-solvent photo-abstraction of electrons from I- and Br- ions in aqueous solution following single- and 2-photon excitation at 202 nm and 400 nm, respectively. A Time-Resolved X-ray Solution Scattering (TR-XSS) approach with direct sensitivity to the structure of the surrounding solvent as the water molecules adopt a new equilibrium configuration following the electron-abstraction process is utilized to investigate the structural dynamics of solvent shell expansion and restructuring in real-time. The structural sensitivity of the scattering data enables a quantitative evaluation of competing models for the interaction between the nascent neutral species and surrounding water molecules. Taking the I0-O distance as the reaction coordinate, we find that the structural reorganization is delayed by 0.1 ps with respect to the photoexcitation and completes on a time scale of 0.5-1 ps. On longer time scales we determine from the evolution of the TR-XSS difference signal that I0: e- recombination takes place on two distinct time scales of ∼20 ps and 100 s of picoseconds. These dynamics are well captured by a simple model of diffusive evolution of the initial photo-abstracted electron population where the charge-transfer-to-solvent process gives rise to a broad distribution of electron ejection distances, a significant fraction of which are in the close vicinity of the nascent halogen atoms and recombine on short time scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Markmann
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Jaysree Pan
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Bianca L Hansen
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Morten L Haubro
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Amke Nimmrich
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Philipp Lenzen
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Matteo Levantino
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility CS40220 Grenoble 38043 Cedex 9 France
| | - Tetsuo Katayama
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute Kouto 1-1-1, Sayo Hyogo 679-5198 Japan
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Adachi
- Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
- Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | | | - Friedrich Temps
- Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Olshausenstr. 40 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Asmus O Dohn
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
- Science Institute, University of Iceland 107 Reykjavík Iceland
| | - Klaus B Møller
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Martin M Nielsen
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Haldrup
- Technical University of Denmark Anker Engelunds Vej 1 2800 Lyngby Denmark
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2
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Listyarini R, Kriesche BM, Hofer TS. Characterization of the Coordination and Solvation Dynamics of Solvated Systems─Implications for the Analysis of Molecular Interactions in Solutions and Pure H 2O. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:3028-3045. [PMID: 38595064 PMCID: PMC11044269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The characterization of solvation shells of atoms, ions, and molecules in solution is essential to relate solvation properties to chemical phenomena such as complex formation and reactivity. Different definitions of the first-shell coordination sphere from simulation data can lead to potentially conflicting data on the structural properties and associated ligand exchange dynamics. The definition of a solvation shell is typically based on a given threshold distance determined from the respective solute-solvent pair distribution function g(r) (i.e., GC). Alternatively, a nearest neighbor (NN) assignment based on geometric properties of the coordination complex without the need for a predetermined cutoff criterion, such as the relative angular distance (RAD) or the modified Voronoi (MV) tessellation, can be applied. In this study, the effect of different NN algorithms on the coordination number and ligand exchange dynamics evaluated for a series of monatomic ions in aqueous solution, carbon dioxide in aqueous and dichloromethane solutions, and pure liquid water has been investigated. In the case of the monatomic ions, the RAD approach is superior in achieving a well separated definition of the first solvation layer. In contrast, the MV algorithm provides a better separation of the NNs from a molecular point of view, leading to better results in the case of solvated CO2. When analyzing the coordination environment in pure water, the cutoff-based GC framework was found to be the most reliable approach. By comparison of the number of ligand exchange reactions and the associated mean ligand residence times (MRTs) with the properties of the coordination number autocorrelation functions, it is shown that although the average coordination numbers are sensitive to the different definitions of the first solvation shell, highly consistent estimates for the associated MRT of the solvated system are obtained in the majority of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risnita
Vicky Listyarini
- Institute
of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Center for Chemistry
and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Chemistry
Education Study Program Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta 55282, Indonesia
| | - Bernhard M. Kriesche
- Institute
of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Center for Chemistry
and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas S. Hofer
- Institute
of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry Center for Chemistry
and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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3
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Sassi P, Comez L, D'Amico F, Rossi B, Bartolini G, Fioretto D, Paolantoni M. Ultraviolet Resonant Raman Scattering of Electrolyte Solutions. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2024:37028241245443. [PMID: 38632936 DOI: 10.1177/00037028241245443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Saltwater stands as the most prevalent liquid on Earth. Consequently, substantial interest has been directed toward its characterization, both as an independent system and as a solvent for complex structures such as biomacromolecules. In the last few decades, special emphasis was placed on the investigation of the hydration properties of ions for the fundamental role they play in numerous chemical processes. In this study, we employed multi-wavelength Raman spectroscopy to examine the hydration shell surrounding bromide ions in solutions of simple electrolytes, specifically lithium bromide, potassium bromide, and cesium bromide, at two different concentrations. Cation-induced differences among electrolytes were observed in connection to their tendency to form ion pairs. An increased sensitivity to reveal the structure of the first hydration shell was evidenced when employing ultraviolet excitation in the 228-266 nm range, under resonance conditions with the charge transfer transition to the solvent peaked at about 200 nm. Other than a significant increase in the Raman cross-section for the OH stretching band when shifting from pure water to the solution, a larger enhancement for the Raman signal of the H-O-H bending mode over the stretching vibration was observed. Thus, the bending band plays a crucial role in monitoring the H-bond structure of water around the anions related to the charge distribution within the first hydration shell of anions, being an effective probe of hydration phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sassi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucia Comez
- CNR-Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Amico
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. di interesse nazionale, Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Rossi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A. di interesse nazionale, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bartolini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Paolantoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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4
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Jindal A, Schienbein P, Marx D. Revealing the Molecular Origin of Anisotropy around Chloride Ions in Bulk Water. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:3037-3042. [PMID: 38466241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
A clear picture of the local solvation structure around halide anions in liquid water remains elusive. This discussion has been stimulated by pioneering simulation results that proposed a "hydrophobic cavity" around anions in the bulk, which is analogous to air at the air-water interface. However, there is also sound experimental and theoretical evidence that halide ions are rather symmetrically solvated in the bulk, leading to a different viewpoint. Using extensive ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of an aqueous Cl- solution, we indeed find an anisotropic arrangement of H-bonded versus interstitial water molecules. The latter are not H-bonded to the anions and thus do not couple much electronically to Cl-. The resulting purely electronic anisotropy of the local solvation environment correlates with that structural anisotropy, which however should not be understood as an empty cavity─as it would be at the air-water interface─but rather contains interstitial water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Jindal
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Philipp Schienbein
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Dominik Marx
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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5
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Kacenauskaite L, Van Wyck SJ, Moncada Cohen M, Fayer MD. Water-in-Salt: Fast Dynamics, Structure, Thermodynamics, and Bulk Properties. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:291-302. [PMID: 38118403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
We present concentration-dependent dynamics of highly concentrated LiBr solutions and LiCl temperature-dependent dynamics for two high concentrations and compare the results to those of prior LiCl concentration-dependent data. The dynamical data are obtained using ultrafast optical heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE). The OHD-OKE decays are composed of two pairs of biexponentials, i.e., tetra-exponentials. The fastest decay (t1) is the same as pure water's at all concentrations within error, while the second component (t2) slows slightly with concentration. The slower components (t3 and t4), not present in pure water, slow substantially, and their contributions to the decays increase significantly with increasing concentration, similar to LiCl solutions. Simulations of LiCl solutions from the literature show that the slow components arise from large ion/water clusters, while the fast components are from ion/water structures that are not part of large clusters. Temperature-dependent studies (15-95 °C) of two high LiCl concentrations show that decreasing the temperature is equivalent to increasing the room temperature concentration. The LiBr and LiCl concentration dependences and the two LiCl concentrations' temperature dependences all have bulk viscosities that are linearly dependent on τcslow, the correlation time of the slow dynamics (weighted averages of t3 and t4). Remarkably, all four viscosity vs 1/τCslow plots fall on the same line. Application of transition state theory to the temperature-dependent data yields the activation enthalpies and entropies for the dynamics of the large ion/water clusters, which underpin the bulk viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kacenauskaite
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Stephen J Van Wyck
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Max Moncada Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Michael D Fayer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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6
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Chialvo AA. On the Elusive Links between Solution Microstructure, Dynamics, and Solvation Thermodynamics: Demystifying the Path through a Bridge over Troubled Conjectures and Misinterpretations. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10792-10813. [PMID: 38060479 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c04707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
We build a fundamentally based bridge between the solute-induced microstructural perturbation of the species environment and the dynamic as well as thermodynamic responses of the fluid system, regardless of the state conditions, composition, nature of the solvent, and either the magnitude or the type of solute-solvent intermolecular-interaction asymmetries. For that purpose, we advance a fluctuation-based solvation formalism of fluid mixtures to provide meaningful descriptors of solvation phenomena, the microstructural signatures of their solute-solvent intermolecular interaction asymmetry, and the thermodynamic manifestations linked to the solution nonideality. The rigorous foundations afford us to address some crucial issues frequently invoked in the literature including the microstructural perturbation domain, its proper identification and molecular-based meaning toward the interpretation of the solvation process, and the potential impact of the local differential behavior between anions and cations on the actual salt-induced perturbation of the solvent microstructure. Indeed, we link the precisely characterized species solvation behavior to fundamental thermodynamic residual-property relations, and the dynamics associated with either the viscous flow or diffusive behavior of the solvent, to finally illustrate their outcome with experimental data of aqueous electrolyte solutions from the available literature. Ultimately, this effort provides a highly desirable unambiguous identification of the cause-effect connections between the microstructurally perturbed domains and the experimentally measured macroscopic solvation properties, including their effect on the dynamics of the solvent environment. More importantly, it lends a well-established solvation framework to bridge rigorously the microstructural details of the mixture, its dynamics, and its solvation thermodynamics to enhance our understanding of well-defined ranked Hofmeister series, i.e., by avoiding ad hoc conjectures and unsupported microscopic interpretations of solvation phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel A Chialvo
- Retired Scientist, Knoxville, Tennessee 37922-3108, United States
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7
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Roget SA, Heck TR, Carter-Fenk KA, Fayer MD. Ion/Water Network Structural Dynamics in Highly Concentrated Lithium Chloride and Lithium Bromide Solutions Probed with Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:4532-4543. [PMID: 37172191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The structural dynamics of highly concentrated LiCl and LiBr aqueous solutions were observed from 1-4 to 1-16 water molecules per ion pair using ultrafast polarization-selective pump-probe (PSPP) experiments on the OD stretch of dilute HOD. At these high salt concentrations, an extended ion/water network exists with complex structural dynamics. Population decays from PSPP experiments highlight two distinct water components. From the frequency-dependent amplitudes of the decays, the spectra of hydroxyls bound to halides and to water oxygens are obtained, which are not observable in the FT-IR spectra. PSPP experiments also measure frequency-dependent water orientational relaxation. At short times, wobbling dynamics within a restricted angular cone occurs. At high concentrations, the cone angles are dependent on frequency (hydrogen bond strength), but at higher water concentrations (>10 waters per ion pair), there is no frequency dependence. The average cone angle increases as the ion concentration decreases. The slow time constant for complete HOD orientational relaxation is independent of concentration but slower in LiCl than in LiBr. Comparison to structural MD simulations of LiCl from the literature indicates that the loss of the cone angle wavelength dependence and the increase in the cone angles as the concentration decreases occur as the prevalence of large ion/water clusters gives way to contact ion pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Roget
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tristan R Heck
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Michael D Fayer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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8
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Lv H, Hu X, He J, Zhi C, Li H. Low-Concentration Redox-Electrolytes for High-Rate and Long-Life Zinc Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207664. [PMID: 37026660 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The uncontrolled zinc electrodeposition and side reactions severely limit the power density and lifespan of Zn metal batteries. Herein, the multi-level interface adjustment effect is realized with low-concentration redox-electrolytes (0.2 m KI) additives. The iodide ions adsorbed on the zinc surface significantly suppress water-induced side reactions and by-product formation and enhance the kinetics of zinc deposition. The distribution of relaxation times results reveal that iodide ions can reduce the desolvation energy of hydrated zinc ions and guide the deposition of zinc ions due to their strong nucleophilicity. As a consequence, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell achieves superior cycling stability (>3000 h at 1 mA cm-2 , 1 mAh cm-2 ) accompanied by a uniform deposition and a fast reaction kinetics with a low voltage hysteresis (<30 mV). Additionally, coupled with an activated carbon (AC) cathode, the assembled Zn||AC cell delivers a high-capacity retention of 81.64% after 2000 cycles at 4 A g-1 . More importantly, the operando electrochemical UV-vis spectroscopies show that a small number of I3 - can spontaneously react with the dead zinc as well as basic zinc saltsand regenerate iodide ions and zinc ions; thus, the Coulombic efficiency of each charge-discharge process is close to 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Zhao
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Lv
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Xuanhe Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
- School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China
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9
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Reidelbach M, Bai M, Schneeberger M, Zöllner MS, Kubicek K, Kirchberg H, Bressler C, Thorwart M, Herrmann C. Solvent Dynamics of Aqueous Halides before and after Photoionization. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1399-1413. [PMID: 36728132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer reactions can be strongly influenced by solvent dynamics. We study the photoionization of halides in water as a model system for such reactions. There are no internal nuclear degrees of freedom in the solute, allowing the dynamics of the solvent to be uniquely identified. We simulate the equilibrium solvent dynamics for Cl-, Br-, I-, and their respective neutral atoms in water, comparing quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) and classical molecular dynamics (MD) methods. On the basis of the obtained configurations, we calculate the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra rigorously based on the MD snapshots and compare them in detail with other theoretical and experimental results available in the literature. We find our EXAFS spectra based on QM/MM MD simulations in good agreement with their experimental counterparts for the ions. Classical MD simulations for the ions lead to EXAFS spectra that agree equally well with the experiment when it comes to the oscillatory period of the signal, even though they differ from the QM/MM radial distribution functions extracted from the MD. The amplitude is, however, considerably overestimated. This suggests that to judge the reliability of theoretical simulation methods or to elucidate fine details of the atomistic dynamics of the solvent based on EXAFS spectra, the amplitude as well as the oscillatory period need to be considered. If simulations fail qualitatively, as does the classical MD for the aqueous neutral halogen atoms, the resulting EXAFS will also be strongly affected in both oscillatory period and amplitude. The good reliability of QM/MM-based EXAFS simulations, together with clear qualitative differences in the EXAFS spectra found between halides and their atomic counterparts, suggests that a combined theory and experimental EXAFS approach is suitable for elucidating the nonequilibrium solvent dynamics in the photoionization of halides and possibly also for electron transfer reactions in more complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Reidelbach
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mei Bai
- The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 9, 22607Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schneeberger
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Kubicek
- The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 85, 22607Hamburg, Germany.,European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Henning Kirchberg
- The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 9, 22607Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bressler
- The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 85, 22607Hamburg, Germany.,European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Michael Thorwart
- The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, Notkestr. 9, 22607Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Harbor Bldg. 610, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre of Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Rodríguez-Segundo R, Gijón A, Prosmiti R. Quantum molecular simulations of micro-hydrated halogen anions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14964-14974. [PMID: 35686995 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01396g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the results of a detailed and accurate investigation focused on structures and energetics of poly-hydrated halides employing first-principles polarizable halide-water potentials to describe the underlying forces. Following a bottom-up data-driven potential approach, we initially looked into the classical behavior of higher-order X-(H2O)N clusters. We have located several low-lying energies, such as global and local minima, structures for each cluster, with various water molecules (up to N = 8) surrounding the halide anion (X- = F-, Cl-, Br-, I-), employing an evolutionary programming method. It is found that the F--water clusters exhibit different structural configurations than the heavier halides, however independently of the halide anion, all clusters show in general a selective growth with the anion preferring to be connected to the outer shell of the water molecule arrangements. In turn, path-integral molecular dynamics simulations are performed to incorporate explicitly nuclear quantum and thermal effects in describing the nature of halide ion microsolvation in such prototypical model systems. Our data reveal that at low finite temperatures, nuclear quantum effects affect certain structural properties, such as weakening hydrogen bonding between the halide anion and water molecules, with minor distortions in the water network beyond the first hydration shell, indicating local structure rearrangements. Such structural characteristics and the promising cluster size trends observed in the single-ion solvation energies motivated us to draw connections of small size cluster data to the limits of continuum bulk values, toward the investigation of the challenging computational modeling of bulk single ion hydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Rodríguez-Segundo
- Institute of Fundamental Physics (IFF-CSIC), CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain. .,Atelgraphics S.L., Mota de Cuervo 42, 28043, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gijón
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Prosmiti
- Institute of Fundamental Physics (IFF-CSIC), CSIC, Serrano 123, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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11
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Feng Y, Fang H, Gao Y, Ni K. Hierarchical clustering analysis of hydrogen bond networks in aqueous solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:9707-9717. [PMID: 35412542 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00099g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To understand the relation between the macroscopic properties and microscopic structure of hydrogen bond networks in solutions, we introduced a hierarchical clustering method to analyze the typical configurations of water clusters in this type of network. Regarding hydrogen bonds as frames, the rings, fragments and clusters are defined and analyzed to provide a comprehensive perspective for the distributional and dynamic characteristics of the hydrogen-bonding network in NaCl solution at different concentrations. The properties of the radial distribution function and hydrogen bonds are first analyzed. Destruction and shorter lifetimes of hydrogen bonds are observed in solutions. In further analysis of the two-dimensional configuration, i.e., ring, and three-dimensional configuration, i.e., fragment, the average number, size and lifetime of these structures consistently decrease as the concentration increases. Ionic effects on disrupting rings and fragments are significant in the first hydration shell, especially with sodium cations, and these effects weaken beyond the first hydration shell. Regarding the clusters obtained using the Louvain algorithm, our results indicate that clusters break and become smaller as the NaCl concentration increases. The presence of ions also leads to the isolation of clusters and therefore the inhibition of changes. The lifetime of clusters increases with NaCl concentration, indicating the slowed breakage and reformation of clusters in NaCl solutions. This method can be further applied to quantitatively characterize hydrogen bond networks to elucidate more properties of aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Hongwei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yitian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ke Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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12
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Smirnov PR, Grechin OV, Vashurin AS. Ion Coordination in Aqueous Lanthanum Chloride and Lanthanum Nitrate Solutions as Probed by X-ray Diffraction. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023622030111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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A Benchmark Protocol for DFT Approaches and Data-Driven Models for Halide-Water Clusters. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051654. [PMID: 35268757 PMCID: PMC8924895 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dissolved ions in aqueous media are ubiquitous in many physicochemical processes, with a direct impact on research fields, such as chemistry, climate, biology, and industry. Ions play a crucial role in the structure of the surrounding network of water molecules as they can either weaken or strengthen it. Gaining a thorough understanding of the underlying forces from small clusters to bulk solutions is still challenging, which motivates further investigations. Through a systematic analysis of the interaction energies obtained from high-level electronic structure methodologies, we assessed various dispersion-corrected density functional approaches, as well as ab initio-based data-driven potential models for halide ion-water clusters. We introduced an active learning scheme to automate the generation of optimally weighted datasets, required for the development of efficient bottom-up anion-water models. Using an evolutionary programming procedure, we determined optimized and reference configurations for such polarizable and first-principles-based representation of the potentials, and we analyzed their structural characteristics and energetics in comparison with estimates from DF-MP2 and DFT+D quantum chemistry computations. Moreover, we presented new benchmark datasets, considering both equilibrium and non-equilibrium configurations of higher-order species with an increasing number of water molecules up to 54 for each F, Cl, Br, and I anions, and we proposed a validation protocol to cross-check methods and approaches. In this way, we aim to improve the predictive ability of future molecular computer simulations for determining the ongoing conflicting distribution of different ions in aqueous environments, as well as the transition from nanoscale clusters to macroscopic condensed phases.
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14
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Orabi EA, Öztürk TN, Bernhardt N, Faraldo-Gómez JD. Corrections in the CHARMM36 Parametrization of Chloride Interactions with Proteins, Lipids, and Alkali Cations, and Extension to Other Halide Anions. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:6240-6261. [PMID: 34516741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The nonpolarizable CHARMM force field is one of the most widely used energy functions for all-atom biomolecular simulations. Chloride is the only halide ion included in the latest version, CHARMM36m, and is used widely in simulation studies, often as an electrolyte ion but also as the biological substrate of transport proteins and enzymes. Here, we find that existing parameters systematically underestimate the interaction of Cl- with proteins and lipids. Accordingly, when examined in solution, little to no Cl-association can be observed with most components of the protein, including backbone, polar side chains and aromatic rings. The strength of the interaction with cationic side chains and with alkali ions is also incongruent with experimental measurements, specifically osmotic coefficients of concentrated solutions. Consistent with these findings, a 4-μs trajectory of the Cl--specific transport protein CLC-ec1 shows irreversible Cl- dissociation from the so-called Scen binding site, even in a 150 mM NaCl buffer. To correct for these deficiencies, we formulate a series of pair-specific Lennard-Jones parameters that override those resulting from the conventional Lorentz-Berthelot combination rules. These parameters, referred to as NBFIX, are systematically calibrated against available experimental data as well as ab initio geometry optimizations and energy evaluations, for a wide set of binary and ternary Cl- complexes with protein and lipid analogs and alkali cations. Analogously, we also formulate parameter sets for the other three biological halide ions, namely, fluoride, bromide, and iodide. The resulting parameters are used to calculate the potential of mean force defining the interaction of each anion and each of the protein and lipid analogues in bulk water, revealing association free energies in the range of -0.3 to -3.3 kcal/mol, with the F- complexes being the least stable. The NBFIX corrections also preserve the Cl- occupancy of CLC-ec1 in a second 4-μs trajectory. We posit that these optimized molecular-mechanics models provide a more realistic foundation for all-atom simulation studies of processes entailing changes in hydration, recognition, or transport of halide anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam A Orabi
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States
| | - Tuǧba N Öztürk
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Nathan Bernhardt
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States
| | - José D Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, United States
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15
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Frank P, Benfatto M. Symmetry Breaking in Solution-Phase [Cu(tsc) 2(H 2O) 2] 2+: Emergent Asymmetry in Cu-S Distances and in Covalence. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:10779-10795. [PMID: 34546762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c05022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The structure of aqueous Cu(II)-bis-thiosemicarbazide, [Cu(tsc)2]2+, is reported following EXAFS and MXAN analyses of the copper K-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) spectrum. The rising K-edge feature at 8987.1 eV is higher energy than those of crystalline models, implying unique electronic and structural solution states. EXAFS analysis (k = 2-13 Å-1; 2 × Cu-N = 2.02 ± 0.01 Å; 2 × Cu-S = 2.27 ± 0.01 Å; Cu-Oax = 2.41 ± 0.04 Å) could not resolve 5- versus 6-coordinate models. However, MXAN fits converged to an asymmetric broken symmetry 6-coordinate model with cis-disposed TSC ligands (Cu-Oax = 2.07 and 2.54 Å; Cu-N = 1.94 Å, 1.98 Å; Cu-S = 2.20 Å, 2.41 Å). Transition dipole integral evaluation of the sulfur K-edge XAS 1s → 3p valence transition feature at 2470.7 eV yielded a Cu-S covalence of 0.66 e-, indicating Cu1.34+. The high Cu-S covalence and short Cu-S bond in aqueous [Cu(tsc)2(H2O)2]2+ again contradict the need for a protein rack to explain the unique structure of the blue copper active site. MXAN models of dissolved Cu(II) complex ions have invariably featured broken centrosymmetry. The potential energy ground state for dissolved Cu(II) evidently includes the extended solvation field, providing a target for improved physical theory. A revised solvation model for aqueous Cu(II), |[Cu(H2O)5]·14H2O|2+, is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Frank
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Maurizio Benfatto
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati-INFN, P.O. Box 13, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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16
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Micheal Raj P, Barbe L, Andersson M, De Albuquerque Moreira M, Haase D, Wootton J, Nehzati S, Terry AE, Friel RJ, Tenje M, Sigfridsson Clauss KGV. Fabrication and characterisation of a silicon-borosilicate glass microfluidic device for synchrotron-based hard X-ray spectroscopy studies. RSC Adv 2021; 11:29859-29869. [PMID: 35479529 PMCID: PMC9040903 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05270e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Some of the most fundamental chemical building blocks of life on Earth are the metal elements. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is an element-specific technique that can analyse the local atomic and electronic structure of, for example, the active sites in catalysts and energy materials and allow the metal sites in biological samples to be identified and understood. A microfluidic device capable of withstanding the intense hard X-ray beams of a 4th generation synchrotron and harsh chemical sample conditions is presented in this work. The device is evaluated at the K-edges of iron and bromine and the L 3-edge of lead, in both transmission and fluorescence mode detection and in a wide range of sample concentrations, as low as 0.001 M. The device is fabricated in silicon and glass with plasma etched microchannels defined in the silicon wafer before anodic bonding of the glass wafer into a complete device. The device is supported with a well-designed printed chip holder that made the microfluidic device portable and easy to handle. The chip holder plays a pivotal role in mounting the delicate microfluidic device on the beamline stage. Testing validated that the device was sufficiently robust to contain and flow through harsh acids and toxic samples. There was also no significant radiation damage to the device observed, despite focusing with intense X-ray beams for multiple hours. The quality of X-ray spectra collected is comparable to that from standard methods; hence we present a robust microfluidic device to analyse liquid samples using synchrotron XAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent Barbe
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Martin Andersson
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann E Terry
- MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Ross J Friel
- School of Information Technology, Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden
| | - Maria Tenje
- Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
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17
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Herbert JM. Neat, Simple, and Wrong: Debunking Electrostatic Fallacies Regarding Noncovalent Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:7125-7137. [PMID: 34388340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multipole moments such as charge, dipole, and quadrupole are often invoked to rationalize intermolecular phenomena, but a low-order multipole expansion is rarely a valid description of electrostatics at the length scales that characterize nonbonded interactions. This is illustrated by examining several common misunderstandings rooted in erroneous electrostatic arguments. First, the notion that steric repulsion originates in Coulomb interactions is easily disproved by dissecting the interaction potential for Ar2. Second, the Hunter-Sanders model of π-π interactions, which is based on quadrupolar electrostatics, is shown to have no basis in accurate calculations. Third, curved "buckybowls" exhibit unusually large dipole moments, but these are ancillary to the forces that control their intermolecular interactions, as illustrated by two examples involving corannulene. Finally, the assumption that interactions between water and small anions are dictated by the dipole moment of H2O is shown to be false in the case of binary halide-water complexes. These examples present a compelling case that electrostatic explanations based on low-order multipole moments are very often counterfactual for nonbonded interactions at close range and should not be taken seriously in the absence of additional justification.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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18
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Sauza-de la Vega A, Rocha-Rinza T, Guevara-Vela JM. Cooperativity and Anticooperativity in Ion-Water Interactions: Implications for the Aqueous Solvation of Ions. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1269-1285. [PMID: 33635563 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-additive effects in hydrogen bonds (HB) take place as a consequence of electronic charge transfers. Therefore, it is natural to expect cooperativity and anticooperativity in ion-water interactions. Nevertheless, investigations on this matter are scarce. This paper addresses the interactions of (i) the cations Li+ , Na+ , K+ , Be2+ , Mg2+ , and Ca2+ together with (ii) the anions F- , Cl- , Br- , NO3 - and SO4 2- with water clusters (H2 O)n , n=1-8, and the effects of these ions on the HBs within the complete molecular adducts. We used quantum chemical topology tools, specifically the quantum theory of atoms in molecules and the interacting quantum atoms energy partition to investigate non-additive effects among the interactions studied herein. Our results show a decrease on the interaction energy between ions and the first neighbouring water molecules with an increment of the coordination number. We also found strong cooperative effects in the interplay between HBs and ion-dipole interactions within the studied systems. Such cooperativity affects considerably the interactions among ions with their first and second solvation shells in aqueous environments. Overall, we believe this article provides valuable information about how ion-dipole contacts interact with each other and how they relate to other interactions, such as HBs, in the framework of non-additive effects in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Sauza-de la Vega
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán C.P., 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Tomás Rocha-Rinza
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán C.P., 04510, CDMX, México
| | - José Manuel Guevara-Vela
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán C.P., 04510, CDMX, México
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19
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Harada M, Sakai H, Fukunaga Y, Okada T. Hydration of bromide at reverse micelle interfaces studied by X-ray absorption fine structure. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 599:79-87. [PMID: 33933799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoconfined water exhibits various interesting properties, which are not only of fundamental importance but also of practical use. Because reverse micelles (RMs) provide versatile ways to prepare nanoconfined water, the understanding of their physicochemical properties is essential for developing efficient applications. Although the water properties in the RMs could be affected by its interaction with the RM interface, the details have not been well understood. This study focuses on the local structures of Br- in hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) RMs formed in chloroform and 10% hexanol/heptane. The dependence in Br- hydration on the molar ratio of water to HTAB (w) is investigated using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). These systems cover a wide range of w values (0-30) and allow us to study the impact of this parameter on the local structure of Br- at the RM interface, which comprises water, surfactant headgroups, and organic solvent components. The presence of multiple scattering paths complicates the XAFS spectra and makes it difficult to analyze them using standard fitting methods. The linear combination of the spectra corresponding to the individual scattering paths captures the molecular processes that occur at the RM interface upon increasing w. The maximum hydration number of Br- is found to be 4.5 at w > 15, suggesting that although most of the ions remain at the interface as partly hydrated ions, some of them dissociate as completely hydrated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
| | - Hinako Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Yu Fukunaga
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
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20
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Nguyen MTH, Tichacek O, Martinez-Seara H, Mason PE, Jungwirth P. Resolving the Equal Number Density Puzzle: Molecular Picture from Simulations of LiCl(aq) and NaCl(aq). J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:3153-3162. [PMID: 33534574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The change in number densities of aqueous solutions of alkali chlorides should be qualitatively predictable. Typically, as cations get larger, the number density of the solution decreases. However, aqueous solutions of lithium and sodium chloride exhibit at ambient conditions practically identical number densities at equal molalities despite different ionic sizes. Here, we provide an atomistic interpretation of this experimentally observed anomalous behavior using molecular dynamics simulations. The obtained results show that the rigidity of the Li+ first and second solvation shells and the associated compromised hydrogen bonding result in practically equal average water densities in the local hydration regions for Li+ and Na+ despite different sizes of the cations. In addition, in more distant regions from the cations, the water densities of these two solutions also coincide. These findings thus provide an atomistic interpretation for matching number densities of LiCl and NaCl solutions. In contrast, the number density differences between NaCl and KCl solutions as well as between LiCl and KCl solutions behave in a regular fashion with lower number densities of solutions observed for larger cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Thi Hong Nguyen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Tichacek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Hector Martinez-Seara
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Philip E Mason
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 542/2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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21
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Marin TW, Janik I, Bartels DM, Chipman DM. Failure of molecular dynamics to provide appropriate structures for quantum mechanical description of the aqueous chloride ion charge-transfer-to-solvent ultraviolet spectrum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9109-9120. [PMID: 33885094 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00930c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The lowest band in the charge-transfer-to-solvent ultraviolet absorption spectrum of aqueous chloride ion is studied by experiment and computation. Interestingly, the experiments indicate that at concentrations up to at least 0.25 M, where calculations indicate ion pairing to be significant, there is no notable effect of ionic strength on the spectrum. The experimental spectra are fitted to aid comparison with computations. Classical molecular dynamic simulations are carried out on dilute aqueous Cl-, Na+, and NaCl, producing radial distribution functions in reasonable agreement with experiment and, for NaCl, clear evidence of ion pairing. Clusters are extracted from the simulations for quantum mechanical excited state calculations. Accurate ab initio coupled-cluster benchmark calculations on a small number of representative clusters are carried out and used to identify and validate an efficient protocol based on time-dependent density functional theory. The latter is used to carry out quantum mechanical calculations on thousands of clusters. The resulting computed spectrum is in excellent agreement with experiment for the peak position, with little influence from ion pairing, but is in qualitative disagreement on the width, being only about half as wide. It is concluded that simulation by classical molecular dynamics fails to provide an adequate variety of structures to explain the experimental CTTS spectrum of aqueous Cl-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Marin
- Department of Physical Sciences, Benedictine University, 5700 College Rd, Lisle, IL 60532, USA
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22
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Ren G, Ha Y, Liu YS, Feng X, Zhang N, Yu P, Zhang L, Yang W, Feng J, Guo J, Liu X. Deciphering the Solvent Effect for the Solvation Structure of Ca 2+ in Polar Molecular Liquids. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:3408-3417. [PMID: 32223137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c02437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the crystal structures for many inorganic compounds are readily available, researchers are still working hard to understand the relations between the structures and chemical properties of solutions because most of the chemical reactions take place in solutions. A huge amount of effort has been put toward modeling the ion solvation structure from the perspectives of both experiments and theories. In this study, the solvation structures of Ca2+ ions in aqueous and alcoholic solutions at different concentrations were carefully evaluated by Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were also performed to correlate the results with the experimental data and then further extended to other similar systems. It was found that the number of coordinating solvent molecules decreases with increasing Ca2+ concentration and increasing solvent molecule sizes. From the EXAFS data, it was observed that the first solvation shell of Ca2+ splits into two Ca-O distances in a methanol solution and the counter ion Cl- might also be within the first shell at high concentrations. For the first time, the effects of solvents with different polarities and sizes on the ion solvation environment were systematically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Ha
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yi-Sheng Liu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jun Feng
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaosong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 865 Changning Road, Shanghai 200050, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics (CENSE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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23
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Moreno C, Baeza-Romero MT, Sanz M, Gálvez Ó, López Arza V, Ianni JC, Espíldora E. Iodide conversion to iodate in aqueous and solid aerosols exposed to ozone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5625-5637. [PMID: 32101185 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aqueous-phase and surface reactions of ozone (O3) with iodide (I-) in/on seawater have been recently found to be a strong atmospheric source of iodine. In addition, ozone also reacts with I- in solid and aqueous sea-salt aerosol. However, the primary products of the heterogeneous reactions of ozone with I- have not been clarified. In this paper, solid and aqueous KI aerosols have been exposed to ozone in an aerosol flow tube system and I- and iodate (IO3-) concentrations have been measured by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results of these experiments have been combined with a kinetic model to elucidate the primary products of the aqueous and surface reactions. The reaction of ozone with aqueous iodide has been inferred to originate different products depending on whether it occurs at the surface via O3 adsorption (product I2-) or in the aqueous phase via O3 solvation (product IO-). The surface reaction of ozone with solid KI in the presence of water vapor forms KIO3, and other species, which are likely to be gaseous. Although the reactions have been studied in aerosols, the results can be extrapolated to aqueous solutions as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Moreno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial, 45071, Toledo, Spain.
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24
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Abstract
AbstractThe strong, long-range electrostatic forces described by Coulomb's law disappear for ions in water, and the behavior of these ions is instead controlled by their water affinity – a weak, short-range force which arises from their charge density. This was established experimentally in the mid-1980s by size-exclusion chromatography on carefully calibrated Sephadex®G-10 (which measures the effective volume and thus the water affinity of an ion) and by neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution (which measures the density and orientation of water molecules near the diffracting ion and thus its water affinity). These conclusions have been confirmed more recently by molecular dynamics simulations, which explicitly model each individual water molecule. This surprising change in force regime occurs because the oppositely charged ions in aqueous salt solutions exist functionally as ion pairs (separated by 0, 1 or 2 water molecules) as has now been shown by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy; this cancels out the strong long-range electrostatic forces and allows the weak, short-range water affinity effects to come to the fore. This microscopic structure of aqueous salt solutions is not captured by models utilizing a macroscopic dielectric constant. Additionally, the Law of Matching Water Affinity, first described in 1997 and 2004, establishes that contact ion pair formation is controlled by water affinity and is a major determinant of the solubility of charged species since only a net neutral species can change phases.
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25
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Moreno C, Baeza-Romero MT. A kinetic model for ozone uptake by solutions and aqueous particles containing I - and Br -, including seawater and sea-salt aerosol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19835-19856. [PMID: 31497813 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03430g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous interactions of gaseous ozone (O3) with seawater and with sea-salt aerosols are known to generate volatile halogen species, which, in turn, lead to further destruction of O3. Here, a kinetic model for the interaction of ozone (O3) with Br- and I- solutions and aqueous particles has been proposed that satisfactorily explains previous literature studies about this process. Apart from the aqueous-phase reactions X- + O3 (X = I, Br), the interaction also involves the surface reactions X- + O3 that occur via O3 adsorption on the aqueous surface. In single salt solutions and aerosols, the partial order in ozone and the total order of the surface reactions are one, but the apparent total order is second order because the number of ozone sites where reaction can occur is equal to the surficial concentration of X- ([X-]surf). In the presence of Cl-, the surface reactions are enhanced by a factor equal to , where and . Therefore, we have inferred that Cl- acts as a catalyst in the surface reactions X- + O3. The model has been applied to estimate ozone uptake by the reaction with these halides in/on seawater and in/on sea-salt aerosol, where it has been concluded that the Cl--catalyzed surface reaction is important relative to total ozone uptake and should therefore be considered to model Y/YO (Y = I, Br, Cl) levels in the troposphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Moreno
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071, Toledo, Spain.
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26
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Baumler SM, Hartt V WH, Allen HC. Hydration of ferric chloride and nitrate in aqueous solutions: water-mediated ion pairing revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19172-19180. [PMID: 31433403 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01392j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron is the most abundant transition metal in the earth's crust and is important for the proper functioning of many technological and natural processes. Despite the importance, a complete microscopic understanding of the hydration of ferric ions and water mediated ion pairing has not been realized. Hydrated Fe(iii) is difficult to study due to the process of complexation to the anion and hydrolysis of the hydrating water molecules leading to a heterogeneous solution with diverse speciation. Here, ferric chloride and nitrate aqueous solutions are studied using polarized Raman spectroscopy as a function of concentration and referenced to their respective sodium salt or mineral acid. Perturbed water spectra (PWS) were generated using multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) to show the residual spectral response uniquely attributable to the hydration of ferric speciation. The hydrogen bonding network associated with the hydrating water molecules in ferric chloride solutions are found to be more similar to hydrochloric acid solutions, whereas in ferric nitrate solutions, the network behaves more similar to sodium nitrate, despite increased acidity. Thus, in the FeNO3 and FeCl3 solutions, ion pairing and coordination, respectively, are significantly influencing the hydration spectra signature. These results further reveal concentration dependent changes to the hydrogen bonding network, hydrating water symmetry, and changes to the relative abundance of solvent shared ion pairs that are governed primarily by the ferric salt identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Baumler
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - William H Hartt V
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Heather C Allen
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
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How Does Vibrational Excitation Affect the X-Ray Absorption Spectra of Monohydrated Halide and Alkali Metal Clusters? ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiq.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Moreno CG, Gálvez O, López-Arza Moreno V, Espildora-García EM, Baeza-Romero MT. A revisit of the interaction of gaseous ozone with aqueous iodide. Estimating the contributions of the surface and bulk reactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27571-27584. [PMID: 30371706 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04394a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The main source of atmospheric iodine is the heterogeneous reaction of aqueous iodide (I-) with ozone (O3), which takes place in surface seawater and probably in sea-salt aerosols. However, there are seemingly contradictory conclusions about whether this heterogeneous reaction occurs in the bulk of the aqueous phase, via O3 dissolution, or at the aqueous surface, via O3 adsorption. In this work, the ozone uptake coefficient has been calculated as a function of the concentration of aqueous iodide ([I-]aq) and gaseous ozone near the aqueous surface ([O3]gs) by estimating parameters of the resistor model using results of previous studies. The calculated uptake coefficients suggest that the aqueous-phase reaction dominates at low I- concentrations (about <10-4 mol L-1), regardless of [O3]gs, and also at sufficiently high [O3]gs (about >80 ppm), regardless of [I-]aq. In contrast, the surface reaction dominates at high [I-]aq (about >10-4 mol L-1) as long as [O3]gs is low enough (about <80 ppm). This trend is able to reconcile previous studies of this reaction, and is a consequence of several factors, including the high surface excess of both reactants ozone and iodide. Given the typical O3 concentrations in the troposphere and the possible I- concentrations and O3 solubilities in sea-salt aerosols, the surface reaction may compete with the aqueous-phase reaction in accumulation-mode aerosols, unlike in surface seawater, where the aqueous-phase reaction probably prevails. The rate constant of the surface reaction has been estimated as (3-40) × 10-13 cm2 molecule-1 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina G Moreno
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071, Toledo, Spain.
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Chillemi G, Anselmi M, Sanna N, Padrin C, Balducci L, Cammarata M, Pace E, Chergui M, Benfatto M. Dynamic multiple-scattering treatment of X-ray absorption: Parameterization of a new molecular dynamics force field for myoglobin. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2018; 5:054101. [PMID: 30246048 PMCID: PMC6135643 DOI: 10.1063/1.5031806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed analysis of the X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) data on the Fe K-edge of CO Myoglobin based on a combined procedure of Molecular Dynamics (MD) calculations and MXAN (Minuit XANes) data analysis that we call D-MXAN. The ability of performing quantitative XANES data analysis allows us to refine classical force field MD parameters, thus obtaining a reliable tool for the atomic investigation of this important model system for biological macromolecules. The iterative procedure here applied corrects the greatest part of the structural discrepancy between classical MD sampling and experimental determinations. Our procedure, moreover, is able to discriminate between different heme conformational basins visited during the MD simulation, thus demonstrating the necessity of a sampling on the order of tens of nanoseconds, even for an application such X-ray absorption spectroscopy data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Chillemi
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed: , Telephone: +39 06 44486 706 and , Telephone: +39–06-9403–2884
| | - Massimiliano Anselmi
- Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Cristiano Padrin
- CINECA, SuperComputing Applications and Innovation Department, Via dei Tizii 6, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Lodovico Balducci
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Univ. Bretagne Loire, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Rennes F-35042, France
| | - Marco Cammarata
- Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, Univ. Bretagne Loire, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, Rennes F-35042, France
| | - Elisabetta Pace
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN- Via E. Fermi 44, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - Majed Chergui
- Lab. of Ultrafast Spectroscopy (LSU) and Lausanne Centre for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Benfatto
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN- Via E. Fermi 44, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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Hofer TS, Hünenberger PH. Absolute proton hydration free energy, surface potential of water, and redox potential of the hydrogen electrode from first principles: QM/MM MD free-energy simulations of sodium and potassium hydration. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:222814. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5000799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Hofer
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Centre for Chemistry and Biomedicine, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Mallory JD, Mandelshtam VA. Nuclear Quantum Effects and Thermodynamic Properties for Small (H2O)1–21X– Clusters (X– = F–, Cl–, Br–, I–). J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4167-4180. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D. Mallory
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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32
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Yadav VK. Formaldehyde-mediated spectroscopic properties of heavy water from first principles simulation. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Nagasaka M, Yuzawa H, Kosugi N. Interaction between Water and Alkali Metal Ions and Its Temperature Dependence Revealed by Oxygen K-Edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:10957-10964. [PMID: 29131955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b09789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Interaction between water molecules and alkali metal ions in aqueous salt solutions has been studied by the oxygen K-edge soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in transmission mode. In the measurement of several alkali halide aqueous solutions with different alkali chlorides (Li, Na, and K) and different sodium halides (Cl, Br, and I), the pre-edge component arising from the hydration water molecules shows a blue shift in peak energy as strongly depending on cations but not on anions. In the temperature dependent measurement, the pre-edge component arising from water molecules beyond the first hydration shell shows the same behavior as that of pure liquid water. On the other hand, the pre-edge component arising from water molecules in the first hydration shell of Li+ ions is not evidently dependent on the temperature, indicating that the hydration water molecules are more strongly bound with Li+ ions than the other water molecules. These experimental results are supported by the results of radial distribution functions of the first hydration shell and their temperature dependence, evaluated by molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanari Nagasaka
- Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.,SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hayato Yuzawa
- Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kosugi
- Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.,SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies) , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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