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Hydrodynamic Focusing-Enabled Blood Vessel Fabrication for in Vitro Modeling of Neural Surrogates. J Med Biol Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-021-00629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Liu T, Weng W, Zhang Y, Sun X, Yang H. Applications of Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels in Microfluidic Technique-Assisted Tissue Engineering. Molecules 2020; 25:E5305. [PMID: 33202954 PMCID: PMC7698322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the microfluidic technique has been widely used in the field of tissue engineering. Possessing the advantages of large-scale integration and flexible manipulation, microfluidic devices may serve as the production line of building blocks and the microenvironment simulator in tissue engineering. Additionally, in microfluidic technique-assisted tissue engineering, various biomaterials are desired to fabricate the tissue mimicking or repairing structures (i.e., particles, fibers, and scaffolds). Among the materials, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)-based hydrogels have shown great potential due to their biocompatibility and mechanical tenability. In this work, applications of GelMA hydrogels in microfluidic technique-assisted tissue engineering are reviewed mainly from two viewpoints: Serving as raw materials for microfluidic fabrication of building blocks in tissue engineering and the simulation units in microfluidic chip-based microenvironment-mimicking devices. In addition, challenges and outlooks of the exploration of GelMA hydrogels in tissue engineering applications are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (T.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Wenxian Weng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (T.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuzhuo Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (T.L.); (W.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaoting Sun
- Department of Chemistry, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Huazhe Yang
- Department of Biophysics, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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Xie R, Zheng W, Guan L, Ai Y, Liang Q. Engineering of Hydrogel Materials with Perfusable Microchannels for Building Vascularized Tissues. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1902838. [PMID: 31559675 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vascular systems are responsible for various physiological and pathological processes related to all organs in vivo, and the survival of engineered tissues for enough nutrient supply in vitro. Thus, biomimetic vascularization is highly needed for constructing both a biomimetic organ model and a reliable engineered tissue. However, many challenges remain in constructing vascularized tissues, requiring the combination of suitable biomaterials and engineering techniques. In this review, the advantages of hydrogels on building engineered vascularized tissues are discussed and recent engineering techniques for building perfusable microchannels in hydrogels are summarized, including micromolding, 3D printing, and microfluidic spinning. Furthermore, the applications of these perfusable hydrogels in manufacturing organ-on-a-chip devices and transplantable engineered tissues are highlighted. Finally, current challenges in recapitulating the complexity of native vascular systems are discussed and future development of vascularized tissues is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxiao Xie
- MOE Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenchen Zheng
- MOE Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Liandi Guan
- MOE Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yongjian Ai
- MOE Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qionglin Liang
- MOE Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Beijing Key Lab of Microanalytical Methods & Instrumentation, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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O’Grady BJ, Balikov DA, Lippmann ES, Bellan LM. Spatiotemporal Control of Morphogen Delivery to Pattern Stem Cell Differentiation in Three-Dimensional Hydrogels. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN STEM CELL BIOLOGY 2019; 51:e97. [PMID: 31756050 PMCID: PMC6876696 DOI: 10.1002/cpsc.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Morphogens are biological molecules that alter cellular identity and behavior across both space and time. During embryonic development, morphogen spatial localization can be confined to small volumes in a single tissue or permeate throughout an entire organism, and the temporal effects of morphogens can range from fractions of a second to several days. In most cases, morphogens are presented as a gradient to adjacent cells within tissues to pattern cell fate. As such, to appropriately model development and build representative multicellular architectures in vitro, it is vital to recapitulate these gradients during stem cell differentiation. However, the ability to control morphogen presentation within in vitro systems remains challenging. Here, we describe an innovative platform using channels patterned within thick, three-dimensional hydrogels that deliver multiple morphogens to embedded cells, thereby demonstrating exquisite control over both spatial and temporal variations in morphogen presentation. This generalizable approach should have broad utility for researchers interested in patterning in vitro tissue structures. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. O’Grady
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- BJO and DAB contributed equally to this work as co-first authors
| | - Daniel A. Balikov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- BJO and DAB contributed equally to this work as co-first authors
| | - Ethan S. Lippmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- ESL and LMB contributed equally to this work as co-senior authors
| | - Leon M. Bellan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- ESL and LMB contributed equally to this work as co-senior authors
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O'Grady BJ, Wang JX, Faley SL, Balikov DA, Lippmann ES, Bellan LM. A Customizable, Low-Cost Perfusion System for Sustaining Tissue Constructs. SLAS Technol 2018; 23:592-598. [PMID: 29787331 DOI: 10.1177/2472630318775059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of engineered vascularized tissues and organs requiring sustained, controlled perfusion has been facilitated by the development of several pump systems. Currently, researchers in the field of tissue engineering require the use of pump systems that are in general large, expensive, and generically designed. Overall, these pumps often fail to meet the unique demands of perfusing clinically useful tissue constructs. Here, we describe a pumping platform that overcomes these limitations and enables scalable perfusion of large, three-dimensional hydrogels. We demonstrate the ability to perfuse multiple separate channels inside hydrogel slabs using a preprogrammed schedule that dictates pumping speed and time. The use of this pump system to perfuse channels in large-scale engineered tissue scaffolds sustained cell viability over several weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J O'Grady
- 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,2 Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jason X Wang
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shannon L Faley
- 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Daniel A Balikov
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ethan S Lippmann
- 3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,4 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Leon M Bellan
- 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,2 Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,3 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Roberts SA, Parikh N, Blower RJ, Agrawal N. SPIN: rapid synthesis, purification, and concentration of small drug-loaded liposomes. J Liposome Res 2017; 28:331-340. [PMID: 28920496 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2017.1381115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes are one of the most studied nano-delivery systems. However, only a handful of formulations have received FDA approval. Existing liposome synthesis techniques are complex and specialized, posing a major impediment in design, implementation, and mass production of liposome delivery systems as therapeutic agents. Here, we demonstrate a unique 'synthesis and purification of injectable nanocarriers' (SPIN) technology for rapid and efficient production of small drug-loaded liposomes using common benchtop equipment. Unilamellar liposomes with mean diameter of 80 nm and polydispersity of 0.13 were synthesized without any secondary post-processing techniques. Encapsulation of dextrans (300-20,000 Da) representing small and large molecular drug formulations was demonstrated without affecting the liposome characteristics. 99.9% of the non-encapsulated molecules were removed using a novel filter centrifugation technique, largely eliminating the need for tedious ultracentrifugation protocols. Finally, the functional efficacy of loaded liposomes as drug delivery vehicles was validated by encapsulating a fluorescent cell tracker (CMFDA) and observing the liposomal release and subsequent uptake of dye by metastatic breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) in vitro. The proposed simplified technique addresses the existing challenges associated with liposome preparation in resource limited settings and offers significant potential for advances in translational pharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Roberts
- a Department of Bioengineering , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA
| | - Neil Parikh
- a Department of Bioengineering , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA
| | - Ryan J Blower
- b School of Systems Biology , George Mason University , Manassas , VA , USA
| | - Nitin Agrawal
- a Department of Bioengineering , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA.,c Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study , George Mason University , Fairfax , VA , USA
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DiVito KA, Daniele MA, Roberts SA, Ligler FS, Adams AA. Microfabricated blood vessels undergo neoangiogenesis. Biomaterials 2017; 138:142-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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DiVito KA, Daniele MA, Roberts SA, Ligler FS, Adams AA. "Data characterizing microfabricated human blood vessels created via hydrodynamic focusing". Data Brief 2017; 14:156-162. [PMID: 28795092 PMCID: PMC5545875 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article provides further detailed information related to our research article titled “Microfabricated Blood Vessels Undergo Neovascularization” (DiVito et al., 2017) [1], in which we report fabrication of human blood vessels using hydrodynamic focusing (HDF). Hydrodynamic focusing with advection inducing chevrons were used in concert to encase one fluid stream within another, shaping the inner core fluid into ‘bullseye-like” cross-sections that were preserved through click photochemistry producing streams of cellularized hollow 3-dimensional assemblies, such as human blood vessels (Daniele et al., 2015a, 2015b, 2014, 2016; Roberts et al., 2016) [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]. Applications for fabricated blood vessels span general tissue engineering to organ-on-chip technologies, with specific utility in in vitro drug delivery and pharmacodynamics studies. Here, we report data regarding the construction of blood vessels including cellular composition and cell positioning within the engineered vascular construct as well as functional aspects of the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A DiVito
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Michael A Daniele
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr., Raleigh NC 27695, United States.,Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh NC 27695, United States
| | - Steven A Roberts
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Frances S Ligler
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh NC 27695, United States
| | - André A Adams
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave. SW, Washington D.C. 20375, United States
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