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Zhou X, Xu W, Gui Z, Gu C, Chen J, Xie J, Yao X, Dai J, Zhu J, Wu L, Guo EJ, Yu X, Fang L, Zhao Y, Huang L, Wang S. Polar Nitride Perovskite LaWN 3-δ with Orthorhombic Structure. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2205479. [PMID: 37129311 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitride perovskite LaWN3 has been predicted to be a promising ferroelectric material with unique properties for diverse applications. However, due to the challenging sample preparation at ambient pressure, the crystal structure of this nitride remains unsolved, which results in many ambiguities in its properties. Here, the authors report a comprehensive study of LaWN3 based on high-quality samples synthesized by a high-pressure method, leading to a definitive resolution of its crystal structure involving nitrogen deficiency. Combined with theoretical calculations, these results show that LaWN3 adopts an orthorhombic Pna21 structure with a polar symmetry, possessing a unique atomic polarization along the c-axis. The associated atomic polar distortions in LaWN3 are driven by covalent hybridization of W: 5d and N: 2p orbitals, opening a direct bandgap that explains its semiconducting behaviors. The structural stability and electronic properties of this nitride are also revealed to be closely associated with its nitrogen deficiency. The success in unraveling the structural and electronic ambiguities of LaWN3 would provide important insights into the structures and properties of the family of nitride perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Zhigang Gui
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jianyu Xie
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Xiaodong Yao
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Junfeng Dai
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jinlong Zhu
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Liusuo Wu
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Er-Jia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Leiming Fang
- Key Laboratory for Neutron Physics, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621999, China
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science & Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
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Le Godec Y, Le Floch S. Recent Developments of High-Pressure Spark Plasma Sintering: An Overview of Current Applications, Challenges and Future Directions. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16030997. [PMID: 36770003 PMCID: PMC9919817 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Spark plasma sintering (SPS), also called pulsed electric current sintering (PECS) or field-assisted sintering technique (FAST) is a technique for sintering powder under moderate uniaxial pressure (max. 0.15 GPa) and high temperature (up to 2500 °C). It has been widely used over the last few years as it can achieve full densification of ceramic or metal powders with lower sintering temperature and shorter processing time compared to conventional processes, opening up new possibilities for nanomaterials densification. More recently, new frontiers of opportunities are emerging by coupling SPS with high pressure (up to ~10 GPa). A vast exciting field of academic research is now using high-pressure SPS (HP-SPS) in order to play with various parameters of sintering, like grain growth, structural stability and chemical reactivity, allowing the full densification of metastable or hard-to-sinter materials. This review summarizes the various benefits of HP-SPS for the sintering of many classes of advanced functional materials. It presents the latest research findings on various HP-SPS technologies with particular emphasis on their associated metrologies and their main outstanding results obtained. Finally, in the last section, this review lists some perspectives regarding the current challenges and future directions in which the HP-SPS field may have great breakthroughs in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Le Godec
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, IRD UMR 206, 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (Y.L.G.); (S.L.F.)
| | - Sylvie Le Floch
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 Université Lyon 1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence: (Y.L.G.); (S.L.F.)
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Gu C, Zhou X, Ma D, Zhao Y, Wang S. Synthesis, Phase Evolutions, and Stabilities of Boron-Rich Tungsten Borides at High Pressure. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18193-18200. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gu
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Dejiang Ma
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Department of Physics & Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen518055, China
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Jin Q, Cheng H, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Lin S, Roldan MA, Zhao J, Wang JO, Chen S, He M, Ge C, Wang C, Lu HB, Guo H, Gu L, Tong X, Zhu T, Wang S, Yang H, Jin KJ, Guo EJ. Strain-Mediated High Conductivity in Ultrathin Antiferromagnetic Metallic Nitrides. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005920. [PMID: 33289203 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Strain engineering provides the ability to control the ground states and associated phase transition in epitaxial films. However, the systematic study of the intrinsic character and strain dependency in transition-metal nitrides remains challenging due to the difficulty in fabricating stoichiometric and high-quality films. Here the observation of an electronic state transition in highly crystalline antiferromagnetic CrN films with strain and reduced dimensionality is reported. By shrinking the film thickness to a critical value of ≈30 unit cells, a profound conductivity reduction accompanied by unexpected volume expansion is observed in CrN films. The electrical conductivity is observed surprisingly when the CrN layer is as thin as a single unit cell thick, which is far below the critical thickness of most metallic films. It is found that the metallicity of an ultrathin CrN film recovers from insulating behavior upon the removal of the as-grown strain by the fabrication of freestanding nitride films. Both first-principles calculations and linear dichroism measurements reveal that the strain-mediated orbital splitting effectively customizes the relatively small bandgap at the Fermi level, leading to an exotic phase transition in CrN. The ability to achieve highly conductive nitride ultrathin films by harnessing strain-control over competing phases can be used for utilizing their exceptional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hu Cheng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Manuel A Roldan
- Eyring Materials Center, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States
| | - Jiali Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Ou Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Meng He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chen Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Can Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Hui-Bin Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Xin Tong
- China Spallation Neutron Source, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- China Spallation Neutron Source, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Hongxin Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Kui-Juan Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Er-Jia Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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