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Mattern M, von Reppert A, Zeuschner SP, Herzog M, Pudell JE, Bargheer M. Concepts and use cases for picosecond ultrasonics with x-rays. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 31:100503. [PMID: 37275326 PMCID: PMC10238750 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This review discusses picosecond ultrasonics experiments using ultrashort hard x-ray probe pulses to extract the transient strain response of laser-excited nanoscopic structures from Bragg-peak shifts. This method provides direct, layer-specific, and quantitative information on the picosecond strain response for structures down to few-nm thickness. We model the transient strain using the elastic wave equation and express the driving stress using Grüneisen parameters stating that the laser-induced stress is proportional to energy density changes in the microscopic subsystems of the solid, i.e., electrons, phonons and spins. The laser-driven strain response can thus serve as an ultrafast proxy for local energy-density and temperature changes, but we emphasize the importance of the nanoscale morphology for an accurate interpretation due to the Poisson effect. The presented experimental use cases encompass ultrathin and opaque metal-heterostructures, continuous and granular nanolayers as well as negative thermal expansion materials, that each pose a challenge to established all-optical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mattern
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Peer Zeuschner
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Herzog
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan-Etienne Pudell
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Matias Bargheer
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Mattern M, Pudell JE, Dumesnil K, von Reppert A, Bargheer M. Towards shaping picosecond strain pulses via magnetostrictive transducers. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2023; 30:100463. [PMID: 36874592 PMCID: PMC9982602 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2023.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using time-resolved x-ray diffraction, we demonstrate the manipulation of the picosecond strain response of a metallic heterostructure consisting of a dysprosium (Dy) transducer and a niobium (Nb) detection layer by an external magnetic field. We utilize the first-order ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic phase transition of the Dy layer, which provides an additional large contractive stress upon laser excitation compared to its zero-field response. This enhances the laser-induced contraction of the transducer and changes the shape of the picosecond strain pulses driven in Dy and detected within the buried Nb layer. Based on our experiment with rare-earth metals we discuss required properties for functional transducers, which may allow for novel field-control of the emitted picosecond strain pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Mattern
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jan-Etienne Pudell
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Karine Dumesnil
- Institut Jean Lamour (UMR CNRS 7198), Université Lorraine, 54000 Nancy, France
| | | | - Matias Bargheer
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Rongione E, Gueckstock O, Mattern M, Gomonay O, Meer H, Schmitt C, Ramos R, Kikkawa T, Mičica M, Saitoh E, Sinova J, Jaffrès H, Mangeney J, Goennenwein STB, Geprägs S, Kampfrath T, Kläui M, Bargheer M, Seifert TS, Dhillon S, Lebrun R. Emission of coherent THz magnons in an antiferromagnetic insulator triggered by ultrafast spin-phonon interactions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1818. [PMID: 37002246 PMCID: PMC10066367 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiferromagnetic materials have been proposed as new types of narrowband THz spintronic devices owing to their ultrafast spin dynamics. Manipulating coherently their spin dynamics, however, remains a key challenge that is envisioned to be accomplished by spin-orbit torques or direct optical excitations. Here, we demonstrate the combined generation of broadband THz (incoherent) magnons and narrowband (coherent) magnons at 1 THz in low damping thin films of NiO/Pt. We evidence, experimentally and through modeling, two excitation processes of spin dynamics in NiO: an off-resonant instantaneous optical spin torque in (111) oriented films and a strain-wave-induced THz torque induced by ultrafast Pt excitation in (001) oriented films. Both phenomena lead to the emission of a THz signal through the inverse spin Hall effect in the adjacent heavy metal layer. We unravel the characteristic timescales of the two excitation processes found to be < 50 fs and > 300 fs, respectively, and thus open new routes towards the development of fast opto-spintronic devices based on antiferromagnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rongione
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91767, Palaiseau, France
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - O Gueckstock
- Institute of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Mattern
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - O Gomonay
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - H Meer
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - C Schmitt
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - R Ramos
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, J-980-8577, Japan
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Bilóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química-Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain
| | - T Kikkawa
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, J-113-8656, Japan
| | - M Mičica
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - E Saitoh
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, J-980-8577, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, J-113-8656, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, J-113-8656, Japan
| | - J Sinova
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - H Jaffrès
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - J Mangeney
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - S T B Goennenwein
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, D-78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - S Geprägs
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, D-85748, Garching, Germany
| | - T Kampfrath
- Institute of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Kläui
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School of Excellence Materials Science in Mainz (MAINZ), Staudingerweg 9, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - M Bargheer
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen Campus, BESSY II, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - T S Seifert
- Institute of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - S Dhillon
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - R Lebrun
- Unité Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91767, Palaiseau, France.
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