1
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Mączka M, Smółka S, Ptak M. Phonon Properties and Lattice Dynamics of Two- and Tri-Layered Lead Iodide Perovskites Comprising Butylammonium and Methylammonium Cations-Temperature-Dependent Raman Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2503. [PMID: 38893767 PMCID: PMC11172726 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid lead iodide perovskites are promising photovoltaic and light-emitting materials. Extant literature data on the key optoelectronic and luminescent properties of hybrid perovskites indicate that these properties are affected by electron-phonon coupling, the dynamics of the organic cations, and the degree of lattice distortion. We report temperature-dependent Raman studies of BA2MAPb2I7 and BA2MA2Pb3I10 (BA = butylammonium; MA = methylammonium), which undergo two structural phase transitions. Raman data obtained in broad temperature (360-80 K) and wavenumber (1800-10 cm-1) ranges show that ordering of BA+ cations triggers the higher temperature phase transition, whereas freezing of MA+ dynamics occurs below 200 K, leading to the onset of the low-temperature phase transition. This ordering is associated with significant deformation of the inorganic sublattice, as evidenced by changes observed in the lattice mode region. Our results show, therefore, that Raman spectroscopy is a very valuable tool for monitoring the separate dynamics of different organic cations in perovskites, comprising "perovskitizer" and interlayer cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Mączka
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2 str., 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland; (S.S.); (M.P.)
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2
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Li W, Giannini S, Quarti C, Hou Z, Prezhdo OV, Beljonne D. Interlayer Charge Transport in 2D Lead Halide Perovskites from First Principles. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:9403-9415. [PMID: 38048307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the implementation of a versatile projection-operator diabatization approach to calculate electronic coupling integrals in layered periodic systems. The approach is applied to model charge transport across the saturated organic spacers in two-dimensional (2D) lead halide perovskites. The calculations yield out-of-plane charge transfer rates that decay exponentially with the increasing length of the alkyl chain, range from a few nanoseconds to milliseconds, and are supportive of a hopping mechanism. Most importantly, we show that the charge carriers strongly couple to distortions of the Pb-I framework and that accounting for the associated nonlocal dynamic disorder increases the thermally averaged interlayer rates by a few orders of magnitude compared to the frozen-ion 0 K-optimized structure. Our formalism provides the first comprehensive insight into the role of the organic spacer cation on vertical transport in 2D lead halide perovskites and can be readily extended to functional π-conjugated spacers, where we expect the improved energy alignment with the inorganic layout to speed up the charge transfer between the semiconducting layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Samuele Giannini
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Claudio Quarti
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Zhufeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc, 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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3
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Armstrong ZT, Forlano KM, Roy CR, Bohlmann Kunz M, Farrell K, Pan D, Wright JC, Jin S, Zanni MT. Spatial Heterogeneity of Biexcitons in Two-Dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper Lead Iodide Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18568-18577. [PMID: 37565990 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum confinement in two-dimensional (2D) Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites leads to the formation of stable quasi-particles, including excitons and biexcitons, the latter of which may enable lasing in these materials. Due to their hybrid organic-inorganic structures and the solution phase synthesis, microcrystals of 2D RP perovskites can be quite heterogeneous, with variations in excitonic and biexcitonic properties between crystals from the same synthesis and even within individual crystals. Here, we employ one- and two-quantum two-dimensional white-light microscopy to systematically study the spatial variations of excitons and biexcitons in microcrystals of a series of 2D RP perovskites BA2MAn-1PbnI3n+1 (n = 2-4, BA= butylammonium, MA = methylammonium). We find that the average biexciton binding energy of around 60 meV is essentially independent of the perovskite layer thickness (n). We also resolve spatial variations of the exciton and biexciton energies on micron length scales within individual crystals. By comparing the one-quantum and two-quantum spectra at each pixel, we conclude that biexcitons are more sensitive to their environments than excitons. These results shed new light on the ways disorder can modify the energetic landscape of excitons and biexcitons in RP perovskites and how biexcitons can be used as a sensitive probe of the microscopic environment of a semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kristel M Forlano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Chris R Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Miriam Bohlmann Kunz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kieran Farrell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Dongxu Pan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John C Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Martin T Zanni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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4
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Zhang Z, Zhang J, Liu ZJ, Dahod NS, Paritmongkol W, Brown N, Stollmann A, Lee WS, Chien YC, Dai Z, Nelson KA, Tisdale WA, Rappe AM, Baldini E. Discovery of enhanced lattice dynamics in a single-layered hybrid perovskite. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg4417. [PMID: 37585532 PMCID: PMC10431705 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg4417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Layered hybrid perovskites exhibit emergent physical properties and exceptional functional performances, but the coexistence of lattice order and structural disorder severely hinders our understanding of these materials. One unsolved problem regards how the lattice dynamics are affected by the dimensional engineering of the inorganic frameworks and their interaction with the molecular moieties. Here, we address this question by using a combination of spontaneous Raman scattering, terahertz spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. This approach reveals the structural dynamics in and out of equilibrium and provides unexpected observables that differentiate single- and double-layered perovskites. While no distinct vibrational coherence is observed in double-layered perovskites, an off-resonant terahertz pulse can drive a long-lived coherent phonon mode in the single-layered system. This difference highlights the dramatic change in the lattice environment as the dimension is reduced, and the findings pave the way for ultrafast structural engineering and high-speed optical modulators based on layered perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zi-Jie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Nabeel S. Dahod
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Watcharaphol Paritmongkol
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Niamh Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexia Stollmann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Woo Seok Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yu-Che Chien
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zhenbang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keith A. Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - William A. Tisdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Andrew M. Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edoardo Baldini
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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5
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Samsonova AY, Krauklis IV, Chizhov YV, Selivanov NI, Emeline AV, Kapitonov YV. Polarized Raman Study of Internal Vibrations of the Organic Cation in 3-Cyanopyridinium Lead Tribromide Post-perovskite. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3445-3451. [PMID: 37010937 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we apply polarized Raman spectroscopy for study of internal vibrations of the 3-cyanopyridinium cation in the halide post-perovskite (3cp)PbBr3 (3cp = 3-CN-C5H5NH+). For a single cation, the vibrational frequencies and intensities of the Raman signal were calculated using the density functional theory. Selection rules were established for vibrations of cations in the crystal. These rules together with modeling results were used to identify the internal vibrations of the cation in the Raman spectrum of the crystal. Narrow and isolated internal vibrations of cations could be used as spectators of the crystalline environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Yu Samsonova
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Irina V Krauklis
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Yuri V Chizhov
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Nikita I Selivanov
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Alexei V Emeline
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Yury V Kapitonov
- Photonics of Crystals Laboratory, Saint Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya d.1, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
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6
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Carwithen BP, Hopper TR, Ge Z, Mondal N, Wang T, Mazlumian R, Zheng X, Krieg F, Montanarella F, Nedelcu G, Kroll M, Siguan MA, Frost JM, Leo K, Vaynzof Y, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Bakulin AA. Confinement and Exciton Binding Energy Effects on Hot Carrier Cooling in Lead Halide Perovskite Nanomaterials. ACS NANO 2023; 17:6638-6648. [PMID: 36939330 PMCID: PMC10100565 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The relaxation of the above-gap ("hot") carriers in lead halide perovskites (LHPs) is important for applications in photovoltaics and offers insights into carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon interactions. However, the role of quantum confinement in the hot carrier dynamics of nanosystems is still disputed. Here, we devise a single approach, ultrafast pump-push-probe spectroscopy, to study carrier cooling in six different size-controlled LHP nanomaterials. In cuboidal nanocrystals, we observe only a weak size effect on the cooling dynamics. In contrast, two-dimensional systems show suppression of the hot phonon bottleneck effect common in bulk perovskites. The proposed kinetic model describes the intrinsic and density-dependent cooling times accurately in all studied perovskite systems using only carrier-carrier, carrier-phonon, and excitonic coupling constants. This highlights the impact of exciton formation on carrier cooling and promotes dimensional confinement as a tool for engineering carrier-phonon and carrier-carrier interactions in LHP optoelectronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben P. Carwithen
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Thomas R. Hopper
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford
University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ziyuan Ge
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Navendu Mondal
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Tong Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Rozana Mazlumian
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Xijia Zheng
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Franziska Krieg
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Federico Montanarella
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Georgian Nedelcu
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Zernike
Institute for Advanced Materials, University
of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Kroll
- Center
for
Advancing Electronics Dresden, Technische
Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Integrated
Center for Applied Photophysics and Photonic Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Miguel Albaladejo Siguan
- Chair
for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technische
Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jarvist M. Frost
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
| | - Karl Leo
- Integrated
Center for Applied Photophysics and Photonic Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Chair
for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technische
Universität Dresden, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz
Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maryna I. Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory
for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa−Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Artem A. Bakulin
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United
Kingdom
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7
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Febriansyah B, Li Y, Giovanni D, Salim T, Hooper TJN, Sim Y, Ma D, Laxmi S, Lekina Y, Koh TM, Shen ZX, Pullarkat SA, Sum TC, Mhaisalkar SG, Ager JW, Mathews N. Inorganic frameworks of low-dimensional perovskites dictate the performance and stability of mixed-dimensional perovskite solar cells. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:536-546. [PMID: 36426759 DOI: 10.1039/d2mh00868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-dimensional perovskites containing mixtures of organic cations hold great promise to deliver highly stable and efficient solar cells. However, although a plethora of relatively bulky organic cations have been reported for such purposes, a fundamental understanding of the materials' structure, composition, and phase, along with their correlated effects on the corresponding optoelectronic properties and degradation mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we systematically engineer the structures of bulky organic cations to template low-dimensional perovskites with contrasting inorganic framework dimensionality, connectivity, and coordination deformation. By combining X-ray single-crystal structural analysis with depth-profiling XPS, solid-state NMR, and femtosecond transient absorption, it is revealed that not all low-dimensional species work equally well as dopants. Instead, it was found that inorganic architectures with lesser structural distortion tend to yield less disordered energetic and defect landscapes in the resulting mixed-dimensional perovskites, augmented in materials with a longer photoluminescence (PL) lifetime, higher PL quantum yield (up to 11%), improved solar cell performance and enhanced thermal stability (T80 up to 1000 h, unencapsulated). Our study highlights the importance of designing templating organic cations that yield low-dimensional materials with much less structural distortion profiles to be used as additives in stable and efficient perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny Febriansyah
- Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS), Ltd., 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
| | - Yongxin Li
- Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - David Giovanni
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Teddy Salim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Thomas J N Hooper
- Centre of High Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy and Imaging, Nanyang Technological University21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Ying Sim
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
- Singapore-CEA Alliance for Research in Circular Economy (SCARCE), Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Daphne Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shoba Laxmi
- Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yulia Lekina
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Teck Ming Koh
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
| | - Ze Xiang Shen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Sumod A Pullarkat
- Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Subodh G Mhaisalkar
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Joel W Ager
- Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore (BEARS), Ltd., 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Nripan Mathews
- Energy Research Institute at Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore-CEA Alliance for Research in Circular Economy (SCARCE), Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
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8
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Jansen M, Tisdale WA, Wood V. Nanocrystal phononics. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:161-169. [PMID: 36702886 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal nanocrystals are successfully used as nanoscale building blocks for creating hierarchical solids with structures that range from amorphous networks to sophisticated periodic superlattices. Recently, it has been observed that these superlattices exhibit collective vibrations, which stem from the correlated motion of the nanocrystals, with their surface-bound ligands acting as molecular linkers. In this Perspective, we describe the work so far on collective vibrations in nanocrystal solids and their as-of-yet untapped potential for phononic applications. With the ability to engineer vibrations in the hypersonic regime through the choice of nanocrystal and linker composition, as well as by controlling their size, shape and chemical interactions, such superstructures offer new opportunities for phononic crystals, acoustic metamaterials and optomechanical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Jansen
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - William A Tisdale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Wood
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Lin ML, Dhanabalan B, Biffi G, Leng YC, Kutkan S, Arciniegas MP, Tan PH, Krahne R. Correlating Symmetries of Low-Frequency Vibrations and Self-Trapped Excitons in Layered Perovskites for Light Emission with Different Colors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106759. [PMID: 35218284 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The soft hybrid organic-inorganic structure of two-dimensional layered perovskites (2DLPs) enables broadband emission at room temperature from a single material, which makes 2DLPs promising sources for solid-state white lighting, yet with low efficiency. The underlying photophysics involves self-trapping of excitons favored by distortions of the inorganic lattice and coupling to phonons, where the mechanism is still under debate. 2DLPs with different organic moieties and emission ranging from self-trapped exciton (STE)-dominated white light to blue band-edge photoluminescence are investigated. Detailed insights into the directional symmetries of phonon modes are gained using angle-resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy and are correlated to the temperature-dependence of the STE emission. It is demonstrated that weak STE bands at low-temperature are linked to in-plane phonons, and efficient room-temperature STE emission to more complex coupling to several phonon modes with out-of-plane components. Thereby, a unique view is provided into the lattice deformations and recombination dynamics that are key to designing more efficient materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Ling Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Balaji Dhanabalan
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genoa, 16163, Italy
| | - Giulia Biffi
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genoa, 16163, Italy
| | - Yu-Chen Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Seda Kutkan
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genoa, 16163, Italy
| | - Milena P Arciniegas
- Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genoa, 16163, Italy
| | - Ping-Heng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Roman Krahne
- Optoelectronics Research Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, Genoa, 16163, Italy
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10
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Li H, Wines D, Chen B, Yumigeta K, Sayyad YM, Kopaszek J, Yang S, Ataca C, Sargent EH, Tongay S. Abnormal Phase Transition and Band Renormalization of Guanidinium-Based Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44964-44971. [PMID: 34519195 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have attracted much interest owing to their superior solar conversion performance, environmental stability, and excitonic properties compared to their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts. Among reduced-dimensional perovskites, guanidinium-based perovskites crystallize in layered one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D). Here, our studies demonstrate how the dimensionality of the hybrid perovskite influences the chemical and physical properties under different pressures (i.e., bond distance, angle, vdW distance). Comprehensive studies show that 1D GuaPbI3 does not undergo a phase transition even up to high pressures (∼13 GPa) and its band gap monotonically reduces with pressure. In contrast, 2D Gua2PbI4 exhibits an early phase transition at 5.5 GPa and its band gap follow nonmonotonic pressure response associated with phase transition as well as other bond angle changes. Computational simulations reveal that the phase transition is related to the structural deformation and rotation of PbI6 octahedra in 2D Gua2PbI4 owing to a larger degree of freedom of deformation. The soft lattice allows them to uptake large pressures, which renders structural phase transitions possible. Overall the results offer the first insights into how layered perovskites with different dimensionality respond to structural changes driven by pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Daniel Wines
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Kentaro Yumigeta
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Yasir Mohammed Sayyad
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Jan Kopaszek
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sui Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Can Ataca
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Sefaattin Tongay
- Materials Science and Engineering, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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11
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Liu X, Li Y, Liang T, Fan J. Role of Polyhedron Unit in Distinct Photophysics of Zero-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Tin Halide Compounds. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5765-5773. [PMID: 34133184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The zero-dimensional (0D) metal halides comprising isolated metal-halide polyhedra are the smallest inorganic quantum systems and accommodate quasi-localized Frenkel excitons with unique photophysics of broadband luminescence, huge Stokes shift, and long lifetime. Little is known about the role of polyhedron type in the characteristics of 0D metal halides. We comparatively study three novel kinds of 0D hybrid tin halides having identical organic groups. They are efficient light emitters with a maximal quantum yield of 92.3%. Their most stable phases are composed of octahedra for the bromide and iodide but disphenoids for the chloride. They separately exhibit biexponential and monoexponential luminescence decays due to different symmetries and electronic structures. The chloride has the largest absorption and smallest emission photon energies. A proposed model regarding unoccupied-energy-band degeneracy explains well the experimental phenomena and reveals the crucial role of polyhedron type in determining optical properties of the 0D tin halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P.R. China
| | - Tianyuan Liang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P.R. China
| | - Jiyang Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P.R. China
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12
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Abstract
Organic-inorganic layered perovskites, or Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites, are two-dimensional quantum wells with layers of lead-halide octahedra stacked between organic ligand barriers. The combination of their dielectric confinement and ionic sublattice results in excitonic excitations with substantial binding energies that are strongly coupled to the surrounding soft, polar lattice. However, the ligand environment in layered perovskites can significantly alter their optical properties due to the complex dynamic disorder of the soft perovskite lattice. Here, we infer dynamic disorder through phonon dephasing lifetimes initiated by resonant impulsive stimulated Raman photoexcitation followed by transient absorption probing for a variety of ligand substitutions. We demonstrate that vibrational relaxation in layered perovskite formed from flexible alkyl-amines as organic barriers is fast and relatively independent of the lattice temperature. Relaxation in layered perovskites spaced by aromatic amines is slower, although still fast relative to bulk inorganic lead bromide lattices, with a rate that is temperature dependent. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we explain the fast rates of relaxation by quantifying the large anharmonic coupling of the optical modes with the ligand layers and rationalize the temperature independence due to their amorphous packing. This work provides a molecular and time-domain depiction of the relaxation of nascent optical excitations and opens opportunities to understand how they couple to the complex layered perovskite lattice, elucidating design principles for optoelectronic devices.
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - David R Reichman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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14
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Martín-García B, Spirito D, Biffi G, Artyukhin S, Francesco Bonaccorso, Krahne R. Phase Transitions in Low-Dimensional Layered Double Perovskites: The Role of the Organic Moieties. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:280-286. [PMID: 33337162 PMCID: PMC7872418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Halide double perovskites are an interesting alternative to Pb-containing counterparts as active materials in optoelectronic devices. Low-dimensional double perovskites are fabricated by introducing large organic cations, resulting in organic/inorganic architectures with one or more inorganic octahedra layers separated by organic cations. Here, we synthesized layered double perovskites based on 3D Cs2AgBiBr6, consisting of double (2L) or single (1L) inorganic octahedra layers, using ammonium cations of different sizes and chemical structures. Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy revealed phase transition signatures in both inorganic lattice and organic moieties by detecting variations in their vibrational modes. Changes in the conformational arrangement of the organic cations to an ordered state coincided with a phase transition in the 1L systems with the shortest ammonium moieties. Significant changes of photoluminescence intensity observed around the transition temperature suggest that optical properties may be affected by the octahedral tilts emerging at the phase transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martín-García
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- CIC
nanoGUNE, Tolosa Hiribidea, 76, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Davide Spirito
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- IHP−Leibniz-Institut
für innovative Mikroelektronik, Im Technologiepark 25, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - Giulia Biffi
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Sergey Artyukhin
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional
S.p.A., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3d, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Roman Krahne
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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