1
|
Dash SR, Vanka K. Taming XeO 3 with Aza-Crowns: Computational Studies into σ-Hole Mediated Host-Guest Interactions. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400302. [PMID: 38842521 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Various aza-crowns with different sizes and substituents have been explored computationally as potential hosts for stabilizing the explosive guest xenon trioxide (XeO3) through σ-hole-mediated aerogen bonding interactions. Interestingly, aza-crowns demonstrate superior binding towards XeO3 compared to their oxygen and thio counterparts. However, unlike the latter cases, where the binding was found to be increasingly favorable with the increase in the size of the crowns, aza-crowns exhibit a variable size preference for XeO3, peaking with aza-15-crown-5, and reducing thereafter with increase in crown size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Ranjan Dash
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheranyova AM, Zelenkov LE, Baykov SV, Izotova YA, Ivanov DM, Bokach NA, Kukushkin VY. Intermolecular Metal-Involving Pnictogen Bonding: The Case of σ-(Sb III)-Hole···d z2[Pt II] Interaction. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:14943-14957. [PMID: 39066736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Cocrystallizations of trans-[PtX'2(NCNR2)2] (R2 = Me2, X' = Cl 1a, Br 1b, I 1c; R2 = (CH2)5, X' = I 2c) with SbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) gave 1:2 cocrystals 1a·2SbCl3, 1b·2SbBr3, 1c·2SbCl3, 1c·2SbBr3, 1c·2SbI3, and 2c·2SbI3. In all six X-ray structures, the association of the molecular coformers is achieved mainly by SbIII···dz2[PtII] metal-involving intermolecular pnictogen bonding. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations (based on experimentally determined geometries) using both gas-phase and solid-state approximations revealed that a σ-(Sb)-hole interacts with an area of negative potential associated with the dz2-orbital of the positively charged platinum(II) sites, thus forming a pnictogen bond whose energy falls in the range between -7.3 and -16.9 kcal/mol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Cheranyova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Lev E Zelenkov
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Sergey V Baykov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia A Izotova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda A Bokach
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Soldatova NS, Radzhabov AD, Ivanov DM, Burguera S, Frontera A, Abramov PA, Postnikov PS, Kukushkin VY. Key-to-lock halogen bond-based tetragonal pyramidal association of iodonium cations with the lacune rims of beta-octamolybdate. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12459-12472. [PMID: 39118643 PMCID: PMC11304769 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01695e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The structure-directing "key-to-lock" interaction of double σ-(IIII)-hole donating iodonium cations with the O-flanked pseudo-lacune rims of [β-Mo8O26]4- gives halogen-bonded iodonium-beta-octamolybate supramolecular associates. In the occurrence of their tetragonal pyramidal motifs, deep and broad σ-(IIII)-holes of a cation recognize the molybdate backbone, which provides an electronic pool localized around the two lacunae. The halogen-bonded I⋯O linkages in the structures were thoroughly studied computationally and classified as two-center, three-center bifurcated, and unconventional "orthogonal" I⋯O halogen bonds. In the latter, the O-atom approaches orthogonally the C-IIII-C plane of an iodonium cation and this geometry diverge from the IUPAC criteria for the identification of the halogen bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia S Soldatova
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050 Russian Federation
| | - Amirbek D Radzhabov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050 Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M Ivanov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050 Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Sergi Burguera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares) 07122 Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares) 07122 Spain
| | - Pavel A Abramov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050 Russian Federation
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Av. Novosibirsk 630090 Russian Federation
| | - Pavel S Postnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk 634050 Russian Federation
- Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemical Technology Prague 16628 Czech Republic
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9 Saint Petersburg 199034 Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University Barnaul 656049 Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dash SR, Vanka K. Unveiling the Inverse Sandwich Complexes of XeO 3: A Computational Exploration. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:13585-13593. [PMID: 38982748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Our study introduces the design of inverse sandwich (iSw) complexes incorporating a noble gas compound: xenon trioxide (XeO3). Through comprehensive computational analyses, we have investigated the critical factors influencing their stability by employing a variety of state-of-the-art computational tools. We demonstrated that the coordination number of xenon in the iSw complex of XeO3 with 18-crown-6 is influenced by the presence of a rare, weakly stabilizing Xe···Xe interaction between the XeO3 molecules. Furthermore, we observed that the stability of iSw complexes of 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (TPB) and its derivatives is not solely attributed to aerogen bonding, but also involves contributions from C-H···O interactions and back-donation from the lone pair of Xe to the antibonding C-C orbitals of TPB. Additionally, the significant contributions from orbital interactions and dispersion interactions in the TPB derivatives highlight the multifaceted amphoteric properties of XeO3 and reveal that the iSw complexes of TPB and derivatives are not predominantly governed by electrostatic interactions, contrary to conventional belief.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Ranjan Dash
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rahali E, Noori Z, Arfaoui Y, Poater J. Chalcogen Noncovalent Interactions between Diazines and Sulfur Oxides in Supramolecular Circular Chains. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7497. [PMID: 39000604 PMCID: PMC11242197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The noncovalent chalcogen interaction between SO2/SO3 and diazines was studied through a dispersion-corrected DFT Kohn-Sham molecular orbital together with quantitative energy decomposition analyses. For this, supramolecular circular chains of up to 12 molecules were built with the aim of checking the capability of diazine molecules to detect SO2/SO3 compounds within the atmosphere. Trends in the interaction energies with the increasing number of molecules are mainly determined by the Pauli steric repulsion involved in these σ-hole/π-hole interactions. But more importantly, despite the assumed electrostatic nature of the involved interactions, the covalent component also plays a determinant role in its strength in the involved chalcogen bonds. Noticeably, π-hole interactions are supported by the charge transfer from diazines to SO2/SO3 molecules. Interaction energies in these supramolecular complexes are not only determined by the S···N bond lengths but attractive electrostatic and orbital interactions also determine the trends. These results should allow us to establish the fundamental characteristics of chalcogen bonding based on its strength and nature, which is of relevance for the capture of sulfur oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emna Rahali
- Laboratory of Characterizations, Applications and Modeling of Materials (LR18ES08), Department of Chemistry, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (E.R.); (Y.A.)
- Department de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Zahra Noori
- Department de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Youssef Arfaoui
- Laboratory of Characterizations, Applications and Modeling of Materials (LR18ES08), Department of Chemistry, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia; (E.R.); (Y.A.)
| | - Jordi Poater
- Department de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica & IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Krishnapriya VU, Suresh CH. Unraveling pnicogen bonding cooperativity: Insights from molecular electrostatic potential analysis. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:461-475. [PMID: 37950586 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical investigation on the cooperativity of a series of binary, ternary, and quaternary complexes interconnected by pnicogen bonds has been conducted using calculations at the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of density functional theory. By measuring changes in the molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) at the nucleus of interacting atoms in all of the complexes, it is possible to quantify the substantial reorganization of the electron density triggered by the formation of pnicogen bonds. The positive change in MESP, indicating a loss of electron density from the donor molecule in a dimer, facilitates the acceptance of electron density from a third molecule, resulting in the formation of a ternary complex with a stronger pnicogen bond compared to the one present in the binary complex. Similarly, the acceptor molecule in a dimer with a negative change in MESP showed an enhanced tendency to donate electron density to an electron-deficient third molecule. The MESP analysis provided valuable insights into the donor/acceptor characteristics of pnicogen bonds within the quaternary complexes. The proposed MESP hypotheses are consistent with the positive cooperativity observed in the pnicogen-bonded clusters. To quantify the changes in MESP, both at the donor atom (ΔVdonor ) and the acceptor atom (ΔVacceptor ), for all pnicogen bonds in the cluster, the total change in MESP (ΔΔVn ) was measured as ΔΔVn = ∑(ΔVdonor )-∑(ΔVacceptor ). Remarkably, ΔΔVn exhibited a strong linear relationship with the sum of the bond energies of the pnicogen bonds in the cluster. This establishes the MESP analysis as a robust approach for understanding the strength and cooperative behavior of pnicogen-bonded clusters. Additionally, the MESP features provided clear evidence of pnicogen bond formation, further supporting the reliability of this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vilakkathala U Krishnapriya
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Cherumuttathu H Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Padgett CW, Dean R, Cobb A, Miller A, Goetz A, Bailey S, Hillis K, McMillen C, Toney S, Guillet GL, Lynch W, Pennington WT. Comparison of N···I and N···O Halogen Bonds in Organoiodine Cocrystals of Heterocyclic Aromatic Diazine Mono- N-oxides. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2024; 24:2425-2438. [PMID: 38525103 PMCID: PMC10958445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
A series of cocrystals of halogen bond donors 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (p-F4DIB) and tetraiodoethylene (TIE) with five aromatic heterocyclic diazine mono-N-oxides based on pyrazine, tetramethylpyrazine, quinoxaline, phenazine, and pyrimidine as halogen bonding acceptors were studied. Structural analysis of the mono-N-oxides allows comparison of the competitive occurrence of N···I vs O···I interactions and the relative strength and directionality of these two types of interactions. Of the aromatic heterocyclic diazine mono-N-oxide organoiodine cocrystals examined, six exhibited 1:1 stoichiometry, forming chains that utilized both N···I and O···I interactions. Two cocrystals presented 1:1 stoichiometry with exclusive O···I interactions. Two cocrystals displayed a 2:1 stoichiometry-one characterized solely by O···I interactions and the other solely by N···I interactions. We have also compared these interactions to those present in the corresponding diazines, some of which we report here and some which have been previously reported. In addition, a computational analysis using density functional theory (M062X/def2-SVPD) was performed on these two systems and has been compared to the experimental results. The calculated complex formation energies were, on average, 4.7 kJ/mol lower for the I···O halogen bonding interaction as compared to the corresponding N···I interaction. The average I···O interaction distances were calculated to be 0.15 Å shorter than the corresponding I···N interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clifford W Padgett
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Riley Dean
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - Audrey Cobb
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - Aubree Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - Andrew Goetz
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Sam Bailey
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Kyle Hillis
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Colin McMillen
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| | - Sydney Toney
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Gary L Guillet
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Will Lynch
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - William T Pennington
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Phan Dang CT, Tam NM, Huynh TN, Trung NT. Revisiting conventional noncovalent interactions towards a complete understanding: from tetrel to pnicogen, chalcogen, and halogen bond. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31507-31517. [PMID: 37901266 PMCID: PMC10606978 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Typical noncovalent interactions, including tetrel (TtB), pnicogen (PniB), chalcogen (ChalB), and halogen bonds (HalB), were systematically re-investigated by modeling the N⋯Z interactions (Z = Si, P, S, Cl) between NH3 - as a nucleophilic, and SiF4, PF3, SF2, and ClF - as electrophilic components, employing highly reliable ab initio methods. The characteristics of N⋯Z interactions when Z goes from Si to Cl, were examined through their changes in stability, vibrational spectroscopy, electron density, and natural orbital analyses. The binding energies of these complexes at CCSD(T)/CBS indicate that NH3 tends to hold tightly most with ClF (-34.7 kJ mol-1) and SiF4 (-23.7 kJ mol-1) to form N⋯Cl HalB and N⋯Si TtB, respectively. Remarkably, the interaction energies obtained from various approaches imply that the strength of these noncovalent interactions follows the order: N⋯Si TtB > N⋯Cl HalB > N⋯S ChalB > N⋯P PniB, that differs the order of their corresponding complex stability. The conventional N⋯Z noncovalent interactions are characterized by the local vibrational frequencies of 351, 126, 167, and 261 cm-1 for TtB, PniB, ChalB, and HalB, respectively. The SAPT2+(3)dMP2 calculations demonstrate that the primary force controlling their strength retains the electrostatic term. Accompanied by the stronger strength of N⋯Si TtB and N⋯Cl HalB, the AIM and NBO results state that they are partly covalent in nature with amounts of 18.57% and 27.53%, respectively. Among various analysis approaches, the force constant of the local N⋯Z stretching vibration is shown to be most accurate in describing the noncovalent interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cam-Tu Phan Dang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University Da Nang 550000 Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Minh Tam
- Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Phan Thiet 225 Nguyen Thong Phan Thiet City Binh Thuan Vietnam
| | - Thanh-Nam Huynh
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany
| | - Nguyen Tien Trung
- Laboratory of Computational Chemistry and Modelling (LCCM), Quy Nhon University Quy Nhon City 590000 Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Swathi Krishna PE, Babu HC, Nair NG, Hariharan M. Boat and Chair Shaped Hexahalogen Synthons. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201248. [PMID: 36715632 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Non-covalent halogen bonding interactions are quintessential in crystal engineering for the construction of distinctive supramolecular synthons. Here, we report the first crystalline evidences of unique boat and chair shaped cyclic hexahalogen synthons in the crystal structures of α,α,α',α',4-pentabromo-o-xylene (PBX) and α,α,α',α',4,5-hexabromo-o-xylene (HBX) respectively. Nature and stability of constituent interactions in the supramolecular synthons are scrutinized with the help of quantum-chemical calculations. Pendás' interacting quantum atoms approach confirmed the stability of Br⋅⋅⋅Br interactions leading to boat and chair shaped synthons with major contribution from exchange-correlation. Although both the molecules are achiral in nature, the packing forces guide PBX to crystallize in the chiral space group P21 with a helix-like orientation while HBX packs in a centrosymmetric P21 /n space group. The extended furcations in the pentabromo derivative construct a molecular framework consisting of macrocycles realized through halogen bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P E Swathi Krishna
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), 695551, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Hruidya C Babu
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), 695551, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Nanditha G Nair
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), 695551, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram (IISER TVM), 695551, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Azevedo Santos L, Ramalho TC, Hamlin TA, Bickelhaupt FM. Intermolecular Covalent Interactions: Nature and Directionality. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203791. [PMID: 36478415 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical methods were employed to analyze the nature and the origin of the directionality of pnictogen (PnB), chalcogen (ChB), and halogen bonds (XB) in archetypal Fm Z⋅⋅⋅F- complexes (Z=Pn, Ch, X), using relativistic density functional theory (DFT) at ZORA-M06/QZ4P. Quantitative Kohn-Sham MO and energy decomposition analyses (EDA) show that all these intermolecular interactions have in common that covalence, that is, HOMO-LUMO interactions, provide a crucial contribution to the bond energy, besides electrostatic attraction. Strikingly, all these bonds are directional (i.e., F-Z⋅⋅⋅F- is approximately linear) despite, and not because of, the electrostatic interactions which, in fact, favor bending. This constitutes a breakdown of the σ-hole model. It was shown how the σ-hole model fails by neglecting both, the essential physics behind the electrostatic interaction and that behind the directionality of electron-rich intermolecular interactions. Our findings are general and extend to the neutral, weaker ClI⋅⋅⋅NH3 , HClTe⋅⋅⋅NH3 , and H2 ClSb⋅⋅⋅NH3 complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas de Azevedo Santos
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teodorico C Ramalho
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Lavras CEP, 37200-900, Lavras, MG, Brazil.,Center for Basic and Applied Research, University Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg Auckland Park, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Duan WL, Zhang LN, Bohara R, Martin-Saldaña S, Yang F, Zhao YY, Xie Y, Bu YZ, Pandit A. Adhesive hydrogels in osteoarthritis: from design to application. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:4. [PMID: 36710340 PMCID: PMC9885614 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00439-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of degenerative joint disease which affects 7% of the global population and more than 500 million people worldwide. One research frontier is the development of hydrogels for OA treatment, which operate either as functional scaffolds of tissue engineering or as delivery vehicles of functional additives. Both approaches address the big challenge: establishing stable integration of such delivery systems or implants. Adhesive hydrogels provide possible solutions to this challenge. However, few studies have described the current advances in using adhesive hydrogel for OA treatment. This review summarizes the commonly used hydrogels with their adhesion mechanisms and components. Additionally, recognizing that OA is a complex disease involving different biological mechanisms, the bioactive therapeutic strategies are also presented. By presenting the adhesive hydrogels in an interdisciplinary way, including both the fields of chemistry and biology, this review will attempt to provide a comprehensive insight for designing novel bioadhesive systems for OA therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Lin Duan
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Li-Ning Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Raghvendra Bohara
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Sergio Martin-Saldaña
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Fei Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi-Yang Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Ya-Zhong Bu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Freindorf M, McCutcheon M, Beiranvand N, Kraka E. Dihydrogen Bonding-Seen through the Eyes of Vibrational Spectroscopy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010263. [PMID: 36615456 PMCID: PMC9822382 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we analyzed five groups of different dihydrogen bonding interactions and hydrogen clusters with an H3+ kernel utilizing the local vibrational mode theory, developed by our group, complemented with the Quantum Theory of Atoms-in-Molecules analysis to assess the strength and nature of the dihydrogen bonds in these systems. We could show that the intrinsic strength of the dihydrogen bonds investigated is primarily related to the protonic bond as opposed to the hydridic bond; thus, this should be the region of focus when designing dihydrogen bonded complexes with a particular strength. We could also show that the popular discussion of the blue/red shifts of dihydrogen bonding based on the normal mode frequencies is hampered from mode-mode coupling and that a blue/red shift discussion based on local mode frequencies is more meaningful. Based on the bond analysis of the H3+(H2)n systems, we conclude that the bond strength in these crystal-like structures makes them interesting for potential hydrogen storage applications.
Collapse
|
13
|
Complexes of carbon dioxide with methanol and its monohalogen-substituted: Beyond the tetrel bond. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
14
|
Aliyarova IS, Tupikina EY, Soldatova NS, Ivanov DM, Postnikov PS, Yusubov M, Kukushkin VY. Halogen Bonding Involving Gold Nucleophiles in Different Oxidation States. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15398-15407. [PMID: 36137295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of diaryliodonium tetrachloroaurates (or, in the recent terminology, tetrachloridoaurates), [(p-XC6H4)2I][AuCl4] (X = Cl, 1; Br, 2), was performed for 1 (the structure is denoted as 1a to show similarity with the isomorphic structure 2a) and two polymorphs─2a (obtained from MeOH) and 2b (from 1,2-C2H4Cl2). Examination of the XRD data for these three structures revealed 2-center C-X···AuIII (X = Cl and Br) and 3-center bifurcated C-Br···(Cl-Au) halogen bonding (abbreviated as XB) between the p-Cl or p-Br atoms of the diaryliodonium cations and the gold(III) atom of [AuCl4]-. The noncovalent nature of AuIII-involving interactions, the nucleophilicity of the gold(III) atoms, and the electrophilic role of p-X atoms of the diaryliodonium cations in the XBs were studied by a set of complementary computational methods. Combined experimental and theoretical studies allowed the recognition of the d-nucleophilicity of the [d8AuIII] atom which, regardless of its rather substantial formal 3+ charge, can function as a d-nucleophilic partner of XB. This conclusion was also supported by theoretical calculations performed for the structures' refcodes BINXOM and ICSD 62511; the obtained data verified the nucleophilicity of AuIII toward a K+ ions or a σ-(Cl)-hole, respectively. All our results, together with consideration of relevant literature, indicate that gold atoms in the three oxidation states (0, I, and even III) exhibit nucleophilicity in XBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina S Aliyarova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Yu Tupikina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia S Soldatova
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel S Postnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation.,Department of Solid State Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague 16628, Czech Republic
| | - Mekhman Yusubov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk 634034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peluso P, Chankvetadze B. Recognition in the Domain of Molecular Chirality: From Noncovalent Interactions to Separation of Enantiomers. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13235-13400. [PMID: 35917234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is not a coincidence that both chirality and noncovalent interactions are ubiquitous in nature and synthetic molecular systems. Noncovalent interactivity between chiral molecules underlies enantioselective recognition as a fundamental phenomenon regulating life and human activities. Thus, noncovalent interactions represent the narrative thread of a fascinating story which goes across several disciplines of medical, chemical, physical, biological, and other natural sciences. This review has been conceived with the awareness that a modern attitude toward molecular chirality and its consequences needs to be founded on multidisciplinary approaches to disclose the molecular basis of essential enantioselective phenomena in the domain of chemical, physical, and life sciences. With the primary aim of discussing this topic in an integrated way, a comprehensive pool of rational and systematic multidisciplinary information is provided, which concerns the fundamentals of chirality, a description of noncovalent interactions, and their implications in enantioselective processes occurring in different contexts. A specific focus is devoted to enantioselection in chromatography and electromigration techniques because of their unique feature as "multistep" processes. A second motivation for writing this review is to make a clear statement about the state of the art, the tools we have at our disposal, and what is still missing to fully understand the mechanisms underlying enantioselective recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, I-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, Chavchavadze Avenue 3, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Anila S, Suresh CH, Schaefer HF. Demarcating Noncovalent and Covalent Bond Territories: Imine-CO 2 Complexes and Cooperative CO 2 Capture. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4952-4961. [PMID: 35862882 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemical bond territory is rich with covalently bonded molecules wherein a strong bond is formed by equal or unequal sharing of a quantum of electrons. The noncovalent version of the bonding scenarios expands the chemical bonding territory to a weak domain wherein the interplay of electrostatic and π-effects, dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and induced dipole-induced dipole interactions, and hydrophobic effects occur. Here we study both the covalent and noncovalent interactive behavior of cyclic and acyclic imine-based functional molecules (XN) with CO2. All parent XN systems preferred the formation of noncovalent (nc) complex XN···CO2, while more saturated such systems (XN') produced both nc and covalent (c) complexes XN'+-(CO2)-. In all such cases, crossover from an nc to c complex is clearly demarcated with the identification of a transition state (ts). The complexes XN'···CO2 and XN'+-(CO2)- are bond stretch isomers, and they define the weak and strong bonding territories, respectively, while the ts appears as the demarcation point of the two territories. Cluster formation of XN with CO2 reinforces the interaction between them, and all become covalent clusters of general formula (XN+-(CO2)-)n. The positive cooperativity associated with the NH···OC hydrogen bond formation between any two XN'+-(CO2)- units strengthened the N-C coordinate covalent bond and led to massive stabilization of the cluster. For instance, the stabilizing interaction between the XN unit with CO2 is increased from 2-7 kcal/mol range in a monomer complex to 14-31 kcal/mol range for the octamer cluster (XN'+-(CO2)-)8. The cooperativity effect compensates for the large reduction in the entropy of cluster formation. Several imine systems showed the exergonic formation of the cluster and are predicted as potential candidates for CO2 capture and conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Anila
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Cherumuttathu H Suresh
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR- National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695 019, Kerala, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, 140 Cedar Street, Athens 30602, Georgia, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The Relevance of Experimental Charge Density Analysis in Unraveling Noncovalent Interactions in Molecular Crystals. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123690. [PMID: 35744821 PMCID: PMC9229234 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The work carried out by our research group over the last couple of decades in the context of quantitative crystal engineering involves the analysis of intermolecular interactions such as carbon (tetrel) bonding, pnicogen bonding, chalcogen bonding, and halogen bonding using experimental charge density methodology is reviewed. The focus is to extract electron density distribution in the intermolecular space and to obtain guidelines to evaluate the strength and directionality of such interactions towards the design of molecular crystals with desired properties. Following the early studies on halogen bonding interactions, several "sigma-hole" interaction types with similar electrostatic origins have been explored in recent times for their strength, origin, and structural consequences. These include interactions such as carbon (tetrel) bonding, pnicogen bonding, chalcogen bonding, and halogen bonding. Experimental X-ray charge density analysis has proved to be a powerful tool in unraveling the strength and electronic origin of such interactions, providing insights beyond the theoretical estimates from gas-phase molecular dimer calculations. In this mini-review, we outline some selected contributions from the X-ray charge density studies to the field of non-covalent interactions (NCIs) involving elements of the groups 14-17 of the periodic table. Quantitative insights into the nature of these interactions obtained from the experimental electron density distribution and subsequent topological analysis by the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) have been discussed. A few notable examples of weak interactions have been presented in terms of their experimental charge density features. These examples reveal not only the strength and beauty of X-ray charge density multipole modeling as an advanced structural chemistry tool but also its utility in providing experimental benchmarks for the theoretical studies of weak interactions in crystals.
Collapse
|
18
|
Reek JNH, de Bruin B, Pullen S, Mooibroek TJ, Kluwer AM, Caumes X. Transition Metal Catalysis Controlled by Hydrogen Bonding in the Second Coordination Sphere. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12308-12369. [PMID: 35593647 PMCID: PMC9335700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalysis is of utmost importance for the development of sustainable processes in academia and industry. The activity and selectivity of metal complexes are typically the result of the interplay between ligand and metal properties. As the ligand can be chemically altered, a large research focus has been on ligand development. More recently, it has been recognized that further control over activity and selectivity can be achieved by using the "second coordination sphere", which can be seen as the region beyond the direct coordination sphere of the metal center. Hydrogen bonds appear to be very useful interactions in this context as they typically have sufficient strength and directionality to exert control of the second coordination sphere, yet hydrogen bonds are typically very dynamic, allowing fast turnover. In this review we have highlighted several key features of hydrogen bonding interactions and have summarized the use of hydrogen bonding to program the second coordination sphere. Such control can be achieved by bridging two ligands that are coordinated to a metal center to effectively lead to supramolecular bidentate ligands. In addition, hydrogen bonding can be used to preorganize a substrate that is coordinated to the metal center. Both strategies lead to catalysts with superior properties in a variety of metal catalyzed transformations, including (asymmetric) hydrogenation, hydroformylation, C-H activation, oxidation, radical-type transformations, and photochemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,InCatT B.V., Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Pullen
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tiddo J Mooibroek
- Homogeneous and Supramolecular Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Xavier Caumes
- InCatT B.V., Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pallavi L, Tonannavar J, Tonannavar J. Molecular dynamics simulation, DFT calculations and vibrational spectroscopic study of N H•••O bound dimer models for DL-β-phenylalanine and 3-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)propionic acid. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
20
|
Dutta J, Sahu AK, Bhadauria AS, Biswal HS. Carbon-Centered Hydrogen Bonds in Proteins. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:1998-2008. [PMID: 35293733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) without lone pair(s) of electrons and π-electrons is a concept developed 2-3 years ago. H-bonds involving less electronegative tetrahedral carbon are beyond the classical concept of H-bonds. Herein, we present the first report on H-bonds with tetravalent carbons in proteins. A special bonding arrangement is needed to increase the negative charge density around the sp3-hybridized carbon atom. Therefore, less electronegative elements such as As and Mg, when bonded to sp3-C, enable the C-atoms as H-bond acceptors. Careful protein structure analysis aided by several quantum chemical calculations suggests that these H-bonds are weak to moderate in strength. We developed an empirical equation to estimate the C-H···C H-bond energy in proteins from the distances between the C- and H-atoms. In proteins, the binding energies range from -5.4 to -14.0 kJ/mol. The C-H···C H-bonds assist the substrate binding in proteins. We also explored the potential role of these carbon-centered H-bonds in C-H bond activation through σ-bond metathesis. To our surprise, contribution from these H-bonds is almost of similar magnitude as that from C-H···π H-bonds for C-H bond activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Dutta
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, India.,Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Akshay Kumar Sahu
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, India.,Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Abhijeet S Bhadauria
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, India.,Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Himansu S Biswal
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhimpur-Padanpur, Via-Jatni, Khurda, Bhubaneswar 752050, India.,Training School Complex, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Scheiner S, Hunter S. Influence of Substituents in the Benzene Ring on the Halogen Bond of Iodobenzene with Ammonia. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200011. [PMID: 35099849 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects on the CI··N halogen bond between iodobenzene and NH3 of placing various substituents on the phenyl ring are monitored by quantum calculations. Substituents R = N(CH3)2, NH2, CH3, OCH3, COCH3, Cl, F, COH, CN, and NO2 were each placed ortho, meta, and para to the I. The depth of the σ-hole on I is deepened as R became more electron-withdrawing which is reflected in a strengthening of the halogen bond, which varied between 3.3 and 5.5 kcal/mol. In most cases, the ortho placement yields the largest perturbation, followed by meta and then para, but this trend is not universal. Parallel to these substituent effects is a progressive lengthening of the covalent C-I bond. Formation of the halogen bond reduces the NMR chemical shielding of all three nuclei directly involved in the C-I··N interaction. The deshielding of the electron donor N is most closely correlated with the strength of the bond, as is the coupling constant between I and N, so both have potential use as spectroscopic measures of halogen bond strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Scheiner
- Utah State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 0300 Old Main Hill, 84322-0300, Logan, UNITED STATES
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Aliyarova IS, Tupikina EY, Ivanov DM, Kukushkin VY. Metal-Involving Halogen Bonding Including Gold(I) as a Nucleophilic Partner. The Case of Isomorphic Dichloroaurate(I)·Halomethane Cocrystals. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2558-2567. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irina S. Aliyarova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Yu. Tupikina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Daniil M. Ivanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, Barnaul 656049, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Weinhold F. Anti-Electrostatic Pi-Hole Bonding: How Covalency Conquers Coulombics. Molecules 2022; 27:377. [PMID: 35056689 PMCID: PMC8780338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular bonding attraction at π-bonded centers is often described as "electrostatically driven" and given quasi-classical rationalization in terms of a "pi hole" depletion region in the electrostatic potential. However, we demonstrate here that such bonding attraction also occurs between closed-shell ions of like charge, thereby yielding locally stable complexes that sharply violate classical electrostatic expectations. Standard DFT and MP2 computational methods are employed to investigate complexation of simple pi-bonded diatomic anions (BO-, CN-) with simple atomic anions (H-, F-) or with one another. Such "anti-electrostatic" anion-anion attractions are shown to lead to robust metastable binding wells (ranging up to 20-30 kcal/mol at DFT level, or still deeper at dynamically correlated MP2 level) that are shielded by broad predissociation barriers (ranging up to 1.5 Å width) from long-range ionic dissociation. Like-charge attraction at pi-centers thereby provides additional evidence for the dominance of 3-center/4-electron (3c/4e) nD-π*AX interactions that are fully analogous to the nD-σ*AH interactions of H-bonding. Using standard keyword options of natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis, we demonstrate that both n-σ* (sigma hole) and n-π* (pi hole) interactions represent simple variants of the essential resonance-type donor-acceptor (Bürgi-Dunitz-type) attraction that apparently underlies all intermolecular association phenomena of chemical interest. We further demonstrate that "deletion" of such π*-based donor-acceptor interaction obliterates the characteristic Bürgi-Dunitz signatures of pi-hole interactions, thereby establishing the unique cause/effect relationship to short-range covalency ("charge transfer") rather than envisioned Coulombic properties of unperturbed monomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Weinhold
- Theoretical Chemistry Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang HP, Chen X, Qi YL, Huang LW, Wang CX, Ding D, Xue X. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-guided dynamic assembly for disease imaging and therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114028. [PMID: 34736987 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The phenomenon of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is inseparable from molecular aggregation and self-assembly. Therefore, the combination of AIE and supramolecular self-assembly is well-matched. AIE-guided dynamic assembly (AGDA) could effectively respond to the endogenous stimuli (such as pH, enzymes, redox molecules) and exogenous stimuli (temperature, light, ultrasound) in the disease microenvironment, so as to achieve specific imaging and diagnosis of the disease lesions. Moreover, AGDA also dynamically adjust the intramolecular motions of AIE molecules, thereby adjusting the energy dissipation pathways and realizing the switch between photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy for superior therapeutic effects. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the constructing strategies, stimuli-responsive imaging, regulation of intramolecular motion of AGDA in recent years, which is expected to grasp the research status and striving directions of AGDA for imaging and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, 38 Tongyan Road, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mandal S, Pal AK, Mandal N, Mukhopadhyay TK, Datta A. Harnessing Noncovalent Interactions for a Directed Evolution of a Six-Component Molecular Crystal. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12584-12591. [PMID: 34738459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Building up on weak orthogonal interactions in supramolecular chemistry, a six-component crystal is designed. Using five distinctly different noncovalent forces, namely, hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding, cation-π, anion-π, and ion-pair interactions, three six-component crystals were designed with crown-ether (I), thiourea (II), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-dibromobenzene (III), lone-pair donating anion (IV), ammonium cation (V), and electron-rich aromatic ring (VI). The M06-2X functional which is highly suitable in describing other weak interactions fails for ion-pairs. Tuned range-separated (RS)-DFT calculations are found to be capable in describing the ionic interactions in molecular solids. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the predicted multicomponent crystals are stable at room temperature and reducing the ionic charges for the ion-pairs destabilizes them. The strong electrostatic interactions between the three ion-pairs, NH4+···ClO4-, NH4+···HSO4-, and NH4+···HCO3- is the primary driving force for the stabilization of the six-component crystal. Using a hybrid of strong and weak intermolecular interactions, one may generate exotic molecular complexity like n-component crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sucharita Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Arun K Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Nilangshu Mandal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Titas Kumar Mukhopadhyay
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur 700032, West Bengal India
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur 700032, West Bengal India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
The list of σ-hole bonds is long and growing, encompassing both H-bonds and its closely related halogen, chalcogen, etc., sisters. These bonds rely on the asymmetric distribution of electron density, whose depletion along the extension of a covalent bond leaves a positive region of electrostatic potential from which these bonds derive their name. However, the density distributions of other molecules contain analogous positive regions that lie out of the molecular plane known as π-holes, which are likewise capable of engaging in noncovalent bonds. Quantum calculations are applied to study such π-hole bonds that involve linear molecules, whose positive region is a circular belt surrounding the molecule, rather than the more restricted area of a σ-hole. These bonds are examined in terms of their most fundamental elements arising from the spatial dispositions of their relevant molecular orbitals and the π-holes in both the total electron density and the electrostatic potential to which they lead. Systems examined comprise tetrel, chalcogen, aerogen, and triel bonds, as well as those involving group II elements, with atoms drawn from various rows of the Periodic Table. The π-hole bonds established by linear molecules tend to be weaker than those of comparable planar systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sitha S. Tetrel bonding in the realm of transition states favors silicon over Carbon: Role of water as a tetrel spectator in the formation of silaformamide. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
28
|
Roeleveld JJ, Ehlers AW, Mooibroek TJ. Computational Evaluation of Me 2 TCCP as Lewis Acid. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2099-2106. [PMID: 34318574 PMCID: PMC8596889 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular adducts between dimethyl-2,2,3,3-tetracyanocyclopropane (Me2 TCCP) with 21 small (polar) molecules and 10 anions were computed with DFT (B3LYP-D3/def2-TZVP). Their optimized geometries were used to obtain interaction energies, and perform energy decomposition and 'atoms-in-molecules' analyses. A set of 38 other adducts were also evaluated for comparison purposes. Selected examples were further scrutinized by inspection of the molecular electrostatic potential maps, Noncovalent Interaction index plots, the Laplacian, the orbital interactions, and by estimating the Gibbs free energy of complexation in hexane solution. These calculations divulge the thermodynamic feasibility of Me2 TCCP adducts and show that complexation is typically driven by dispersion with less polarized partners, but by orbital interactions when more polarized or anionic guests are deployed. Most Me2 TCCP adducts are more stable than simple hydrogen bonding with water, but less stable than traditional Lewis adducts involving Me3 B, or a strong halogen bond such as with Br2 . Several bonding analyses showed that the locus of interaction is found near the electron poor sp3 -hydridized (NC)2 C-C(CN)2 carbon atoms. An empty hybrid σ*/π* orbital on Me2 TCCP was identified that can be held responsible for the stability of the most stable adducts due to donor-acceptor interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julius J. Roeleveld
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversiteit van AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas Wolfgang Ehlers
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversiteit van AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Tiddo Jonathan Mooibroek
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversiteit van AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ketkov S, Rychagova E, Kather R, Beckmann J. Pnictogen effects on the electronic interactions in the Lewis pair complexes Ph3EB(C6F5)3 (E = P, As, Sb). J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
30
|
Abstract
It is well known that the presence of an electron-withdrawing substituent (EWS) placed near the halogen (X) atom on a Lewis acid molecule amplifies the ability of this unit to engage in a halogen bond with a base. Quantum calculations are applied to examine how quickly these effects fade as the EWS is moved further and further from the X atom. Conjugated alkene and alkyne chains of varying lengths with a terminal C-I first facilitate analysis as to how the number of these multiple bonds affects the strength of CI··N XB to NH3. Then, electron-withdrawing F and C≡N substituents are placed on the opposite end of the chain, and their effects on the XB properties are monitored as a function of their distance from I. These same EWSs are added to the ortho, meta, and para positions of aromatic iodobenzene. It is found that the XB grows in strength as more triple bonds are added to the alkyne, but there is little change caused by elongating an alkene. The cyano group has a much stronger effect than does F. While F strengthens the XB, its effects are quickly attenuated as it is moved further from I. The consequences of C≡N substitution are stronger and extend over a longer distance. Placement of an EWS on the phenyl ring diminishes with distance: o > m > p, and the effects of disubstitution are nearly additive. These trends apply not only to energetics but also to geometries, properties of the wave function, σ-hole depth, and NMR shielding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Lapp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - Steve Scheiner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Raczyński K, Pihut A, Panek JJ, Jezierska A. Competition of Intra- and Intermolecular Forces in Anthraquinone and Its Selected Derivatives. Molecules 2021; 26:3448. [PMID: 34204133 PMCID: PMC8201066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra- and intermolecular forces competition was investigated in the 9,10-anthraquinone (1) and its derivatives both in vacuo and in the crystalline phase. The 1,8-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone (2) and 1,8-dinitro-4,5-dihydroxy-anthraquinone (3) contain Resonance-Assisted Hydrogen Bonds (RAHBs). The intramolecular hydrogen bonds properties were studied in the electronic ground and excited states employing Møller-Plesset second-order perturbation theory (MP2), Density Functional Theory (DFT) method in its classical formulation as well as its time-dependent extension (TD-DFT). The proton potential functions were obtained via scanning the OH distance and the dihedral angle related to the OH group rotation. The topological analysis was carried out on the basis of theories of Atoms in Molecules (AIM-molecular topology, properties of critical points, AIM charges) and Electron Localization Function (ELF-2D maps showing bonding patterns, calculation of electron populations in the hydrogen bonds). The Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) was applied for the energy decomposition in the dimers. Finally, Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics (CPMD) simulations were performed to shed light onto bridge protons dynamics upon environmental influence. The vibrational features of the OH stretching were revealed using Fourier transformation of the autocorrelation function of atomic velocity. It was found that the presence of OH and NO2 substituents influenced the geometric and electronic structure of the anthraquinone moiety. The AIM and ELF analyses showed that the quantitative differences between hydrogen bonds properties could be neglected. The bridged protons are localized on the donor side in the electronic ground state, but the Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) was noticed as a result of the TD-DFT calculations. The hierarchy of interactions determined by SAPT method indicated that weak hydrogen bonds play modifying role in the organization of these crystal structures, but primary ordering factor is dispersion. The CPMD crystalline phase results indicated bridged proton-sharing in the compound 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aneta Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (K.R.); (A.P.); (J.J.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fernández-Alarcón A, Guevara-Vela JM, Casals-Sainz JL, Francisco E, Costales A, Martín Pendás Á, Rocha-Rinza T. The nature of the intermolecular interaction in (H 2X) 2 (X = O, S, Se). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:10097-10107. [PMID: 33876160 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00047k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds (HBs) are crucial non-covalent interactions in chemistry. Recently, the occurrence of an HB in (H2S)2 has been reported (Arunan et al., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2018, 57, 15199), challenging the textbook view of H2S dimers as mere van der Waals clusters. We herein try to shed light on the nature of the intermolecular interactions in the H2O, H2S, and H2Se dimers via correlated electronic structure calculations, Symmetry Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) and Quantum Chemical Topology (QCT). Although (H2S)2 and (H2Se)2 meet some of the criteria for the occurrence of an HB, potential energy curves as well as SAPT and QCT analyses indicate that the nature of the interaction in (H2O)2 is substantially different (e.g. more anisotropic) from that in (H2S)2 and (H2Se)2. QCT reveals that the HB in (H2O)2 includes substantial covalent, dispersion and electrostatic contributions, while the last-mentioned component plays only a minor role in (H2S)2 and (H2Se)2. The major contributions to the interactions of the dimers of H2S and H2Se are covalency and dispersion as revealed by the exchange-correlation components of QCT energy partitions. The picture yielded by SAPT is somewhat different but compatible with that offered by QCT. Overall, our results indicate that neither (H2S)2 nor (H2Se)2 are hydrogen-bonded systems, showing how the nature of intermolecular contacts involving hydrogen atoms evolves in a group down the periodic table.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Fernández-Alarcón
- Institute of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Anion-Anion Interactions in Aerogen-Bonded Complexes. Influence of Solvent Environment. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082116. [PMID: 33917030 PMCID: PMC8067769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ab initio calculations are applied to the question as to whether a AeX5- anion (Ae = Kr, Xe) can engage in a stable complex with another anion: F-, Cl-, or CN-. The latter approaches the central Ae atom from above the molecular plane, along its C5 axis. While the electrostatic repulsion between the two anions prevents their association in the gas phase, immersion of the system in a polar medium allows dimerization to proceed. The aerogen bond is a weak one, with binding energies less than 2 kcal/mol, even in highly polar aqueous solvent. The complexes are metastable in the less polar solvents THF and DMF, with dissociation opposed by a small energy barrier.
Collapse
|
34
|
Mooibroek TJ. DFT and IsoStar Analyses to Assess the Utility of σ- and π-Hole Interactions for Crystal Engineering. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:141-153. [PMID: 33241585 PMCID: PMC7898519 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The interpretation of 36 charge neutral 'contact pairs' from the IsoStar database was supported by DFT calculations of model molecules 1-12, and bimolecular adducts thereof. The 'central groups' are σ-hole donors (H2 O and aromatic C-I), π-hole donors (R-C(O)Me, R-NO2 and R-C6 F5 ) and for comparison R-C6 H5 (R=any group or atom). The 'contact groups' are hydrogen bond donors X-H (X=N, O, S, or R2 C, or R3 C) and lone-pair containing fragments (R3 C-F, R-C≡N and R2 C=O). Nearly all the IsoStar distributions follow expectations based on the electrostatic potential of the 'central-' and 'contact group'. Interaction energies (ΔEBSSE ) are dominated by electrostatics (particularly between two polarized molecules) or dispersion (especially in case of large contact area). Orbital interactions never dominate, but could be significant (∼30 %) and of the n/π→σ*/π* kind. The largest degree of directionality in the IsoStar plots was typically observed for adducts more stable than ΔEBSSE ≈-4 kcal⋅mol-1 , which can be seen as a benchmark-value for the utility of an interaction in crystal engineering. This benchmark could be met with all the σ- and π-hole donors studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiddo Jonathan Mooibroek
- van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tan SL, Tiekink ERT. Non-covalent interactions involving remote substituents influence the topologies of supramolecular chains featuring hydroxyl-O–H⋯O(hydroxyl) hydrogen bonding in crystals of (HOCH 2CH 2) 2NC(S)N(H)(C 6H 4Y-4) for Y = H, Me, Cl and NO 2. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01810d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Secondary non-covalent interactions prove crucial in determining the topology of supramolecular chains sustained by conventional O–H⋯O hydrogen bonding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Loon Tan
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials
- School of Science and Technology
- Sunway University
- 47500 Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
| | - Edward R. T. Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials
- School of Science and Technology
- Sunway University
- 47500 Bandar Sunway
- Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|