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Cantinotti M, Di Salvo G, Voges I, Raimondi F, Greil G, Ortiz Garrido A, Bharucha T, Grotenhuis HB, Köstenberger M, Bonnello B, Miller O, McMahon CJ. Standardization in paediatric echocardiographic reporting and critical interpretation of measurements, functional parameters, and prediction scores: a clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging of the European Society of Cardiology and the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2024; 25:1029-1050. [PMID: 38833586 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeae147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This document has been developed to provide a guide for basic and advanced reporting in paediatric echocardiography. Furthermore, it aims to help clinicians in the interpretation of echocardiographic measurements and functional data for estimating the severity of disease in different paediatric age groups. The following topics will be reviewed and discussed in the present document: (i) the general principle in constructing a paediatric echocardiographic report, (ii) the basic elements to be included, and (iii) the potential and limitation of currently employed tools used for disease severity quantification during paediatric reporting. A guide for the interpretation of Z-scores will be provided. Use and interpretation of parameters employed for quantification of ventricular systolic function will be discussed. Difficulties in the adoption of adult parameters for the study of diastolic function and valve defects at different ages and pressure and loading conditions will be outlined, with pitfalls for the assessment listed. A guide for careful use of prediction scores for complex congenital heart disease will be provided. Examples of basic and advanced (disease-specific) formats for reporting in paediatric echocardiography will be provided. This document should serve as a comprehensive guide to (i) structure a comprehensive paediatric echocardiographic report; (ii) identify the basic morphological details, measures, and functional parameters to be included during echocardiographic reporting; and (iii) correctly interpret measurements and functional data for estimating disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Cantinotti
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, National Research Council-Tuscany Region G. Monasterio Foundation (FTGM), Massa, Pisa 54100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Salvo
- Paediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Woman and Children's Health Department, University of Padua; Experimental Cardiology, Paediatric Research Institute (IRP), Padua, Italy
| | - Inga Voges
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Gerald Greil
- Division Pediatric Cardiology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Tara Bharucha
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Heynric B Grotenhuis
- Department Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital/UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Köstenberger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Medical University of Gratz, Gratz, Austria
| | | | - Owen Miller
- Department Pediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Colin J McMahon
- Department Paediatric Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
- Maastricht School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Investigating a Rapid and Safe Outpatient Pediatric Screening Protocol. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2022; 35:1101-1102. [PMID: 35690299 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kahn RA. Electronic Storage of Echocardiographic Images: From Clips to Bits. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2010; 24:859-66. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lai WW, Geva T, Shirali GS, Frommelt PC, Humes RA, Brook MM, Pignatelli RH, Rychik J. Guidelines and standards for performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Task Force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2006; 19:1413-30. [PMID: 17138024 DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2006.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 574] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wyman W Lai
- Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Girard T, Filipovic M. From the echocardiography machine to the lecture room: a simple method for transferring echocardiographic frames and loops to a personal computer. Anesth Analg 2004; 98:703-5, table of contents. [PMID: 14980923 DOI: 10.1213/01.ane.0000103183.53821.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The use of computers in scientific and educational presentations is rapidly increasing. As a digital presentation is ideal for showing moving images, the use of multimedia files, e.g., echocardiographic loops within these presentations, is common. Even though recent echocardiography machines store acquired data in a digital format, these data are often not readily accessible to be transferred to a personal computer. We present an easy and cost-efficient method for transferring frames and loops from any echocardiography machine into a personal computer using a digital video camera equipped with a standard analog input and flash memory. Still images and movies are stored in the camera to be subsequently transferred to a personal computer. In the computer, still images and movies are post-processed with graphical and video editing software. Finally, the still images and movies can be projected from the video camera or presented with specialized software such as PowerPoint. The images can also be used for Web-based publications and production of educational material or books on electronic media such as CD-ROM. The described method can also be used to transfer images from other proprietary devices and programs, as long as the devices are equipped with an analog video outlet. IMPLICATIONS The transfer of frames and loops from echocardiographic machines to personal computers is often useful for publication, teaching, and educational purposes. We present an easy and cost-effective method for transferring frames and loops from any echocardiography machine into a personal computer using a digital video camera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Girard
- Departments of Anesthesia and Research, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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