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Gardner MJ, McKinstry C, Perrin BM. Enhancing the quality of allied health clinical supervision in a regional setting: An action research study. Aust J Rural Health 2022; 31:308-321. [PMID: 36444637 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore and describe strategies to enhance the implementation of an organisational clinical supervision framework and subsequently inform the development of a model of implementation of clinical supervision for allied health professionals in a regional health care setting. SETTING A large regional health service in Victoria, providing hospital, rehabilitation, community, mental health and aged care services. PARTICIPANTS Allied health managers employed at the health service were members of an action research group. DESIGN This longitudinal study used an action research approach. The action research group informed the repeated cycles of planning, action and reflection. Data from recorded action research meetings were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS The action research group met 11 times over a 5-year period informing four action research cycles. Six main themes relating to factors that enhanced the quality of clinical supervision emerged from the analysis of the action research group data: purpose and value of clinical supervision; clinical supervision characteristics; differences between disciplines; framework development; training and support and implementation of clinical supervision. CONCLUSION The findings from this comprehensive longitudinal study provide evidence-based approaches to the implementation of allied health clinical supervision. The action research approach used ensures that the strategies described are realistic and sustainable. A model has been developed to inform the implementation of clinical supervision for allied health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J. Gardner
- La Trobe Rural Health School Bendigo Victoria Australia
- Bendigo Health Bendigo Victoria Australia
| | - Carol McKinstry
- Department of Rural Allied Health La Trobe Rural Health School Bendigo Victoria Australia
| | - Byron M. Perrin
- Department of Rural Health Sciences La Trobe Rural Health School Bendigo Victoria Australia
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Gardner MJ, McKinstry C, Perrin B. Effectiveness of allied health clinical supervision following the implementation of an organisational framework. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:261. [PMID: 35219321 PMCID: PMC8881875 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Clinical supervision makes an important contribution to high quality patient care and professional wellbeing for the allied health workforce. However, there is limited research examining the longitudinal implementation of clinical supervision for allied health. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of clinical supervision for allied health at a regional health service and clinicians’ perceptions of the implementation of an organisational clinical supervision framework.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted as a phase of an overarching participatory action research study. The Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26) tool was used to measure clinical supervision effectiveness with additional open-ended questions included to explore the implementation of the clinical supervision framework. MCSS-26 findings were compared with an initial administration of the MCSS-26 5 years earlier. MCSS-26 data (total scores, summed domain and sub-scale scores) were analysed descriptively and reported as mean and standard deviation values. Differences between groups were analysed with independent-samples t-test (t) and one-way between groups ANOVA.
Results
There were 125 responses to the survey (response rate 50%). The total MCSS-26 score was 78.5 (S.D. 14.5). The total MCSS-26 score was unchanged compared with the initial administration. There was a statistically significant difference in clinical supervision effectiveness between speech pathology and physiotherapy (F = 2.9, p = 0.03) and higher MCSS-26 scores for participants whose clinical supervisor was a senior clinician and those who chose their clinical supervisor. Seventy percent of participants perceived that the organisation’s clinical supervision framework was useful and provided structure and consistent expectations for clinical supervision.
Conclusions
Clinical supervision was effective for allied health in this regional setting and clinical supervision effectiveness was maintained over a 5 year period. The implementation of an organisational clinical supervision framework may have a positive effect on clinical supervision for some professions.
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Gardner M, McKinstry C, Perrin B. Group clinical supervision for allied health professionals. Aust J Rural Health 2021; 29:538-548. [PMID: 34365698 DOI: 10.1111/ajr.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a group clinical supervision program for allied health professionals in a regional health service. DESIGN This study used a mixed-methods design including a cross-sectional, quantitative survey of group clinical supervision participants and a focus group of facilitators. SETTING A large regional health service in Victoria, providing hospital, community and mental health services. PARTICIPANTS Allied health professionals and managers employed at the health service. INTERVENTIONS Group clinical supervision, based on a critical reflection model, was implemented in 3 settings. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The Clinical Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire was administered to group clinical supervision participants, with additional open-ended questions included. The Clinical Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire tool consists of 3 subscales relating to the purpose, process and impact of group clinical supervision. A focus group was used to capture the perspectives of group clinical supervision facilitators. RESULTS Fifteen survey responses were received. The overall Clinical Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire score was 56.53 (standard deviation 7.66). Scores for the Process Subscale were higher than the Purpose and Impact subscales. Themes from the open-ended survey questions included the following: value of multiple perspectives, opportunities for reflection, peer support and group process and structure. Themes from group facilitators' focus group included the following: need for group clinical supervision, value of facilitator training and support, and sustainability. CONCLUSION Group clinical supervision was perceived to be effective, enhancing reflection, learning and peer support. Organisational support, facilitator training, group structure and planning for sustainability were identified as critical factors for success. Interprofessional and cross-organisational models of group clinical supervision are strategies that could help address issues relating to access to quality clinical supervision for rural allied health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Gardner
- La Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, Vic., Australia.,Bendigo Health, Bendigo, Vic., Australia
| | | | - Byron Perrin
- La Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, Vic., Australia
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Guess SC, Matthew SM, Cary JA, Nelson OL, McArthur ML. Clinical supervision in veterinary medicine. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021; 257:255-261. [PMID: 32657661 DOI: 10.2460/javma.257.3.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rees CE, Lee SL, Huang E, Denniston C, Edouard V, Pope K, Sutton K, Waller S, Ward B, Palermo C. Supervision training in healthcare: a realist synthesis. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2020; 25:523-561. [PMID: 31691182 PMCID: PMC7359165 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-019-09937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Supervision matters: it serves educational, supportive and management functions. Despite a plethora of evidence on the effectiveness of supervision, scant evidence for the impact of supervision training exists. While three previous literature reviews have begun to examine the effectiveness of supervision training, they fail to explore the extent to which supervision training works, for whom, and why. We adopted a realist approach to answer the question: to what extent do supervision training interventions work (or not), for whom and in what circumstances, and why? We conducted a team-based realist synthesis of the supervision training literature focusing on Pawson's five stages: (1) clarifying the scope; (2) determining the search strategy; (3) study selection; (4) data extraction; and (5) data synthesis. We extracted contexts (C), mechanisms (M) and outcomes (O) and CMO configurations from 29 outputs including short (n = 19) and extended-duration (n = 10) supervision training interventions. Irrespective of duration, interventions including mixed pedagogies involving active and/or experiential learning, social learning and protected time served as mechanisms triggering multiple positive supervisor outcomes. Short-duration interventions also led to positive outcomes through mechanisms such as supervisor characteristics, whereas facilitator characteristics was a key mechanism triggering positive and negative outcomes for extended-duration interventions. Disciplinary and organisational contexts were not especially influential. While our realist synthesis builds on previous non-realist literature reviews, our findings extend previous work considerably. Our realist synthesis presents a broader array of outcomes and mechanisms than have been previously identified, and provides novel insights into the causal pathways in which short and extended-duration supervision training interventions produce their effects. Future realist evaluation should explore further any differences between short and extended-duration interventions. Educators are encouraged to prioritize mixed pedagogies, social learning and protected time to maximize the positive supervisor outcomes from training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Rees
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk (Building 15), Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Sarah L Lee
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk (Building 15), Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Eve Huang
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk (Building 15), Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Charlotte Denniston
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk (Building 15), Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vicki Edouard
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk (Building 15), Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kirsty Pope
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Frankston, VIC, Australia
| | - Keith Sutton
- Monash Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Warragul, VIC, Australia
| | - Susan Waller
- Monash Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Warragul, VIC, Australia
| | - Bernadette Ward
- Monash Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - Claire Palermo
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, 27 Rainforest Walk (Building 15), Clayton Campus, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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Snowdon DA, Cooke S, Lawler K, Scroggie G, Williams K, Taylor NF. Physiotherapists Prefer Clinical Supervision to Focus on Professional Skill Development: A Qualitative Study. Physiother Can 2020; 72:249-257. [PMID: 35110793 PMCID: PMC8781479 DOI: 10.3138/ptc-2019-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: We explored physiotherapists' perceptions of clinical supervision. Method: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 21 physiotherapists from a public hospital. Qualitative analysis was undertaken using an interpretive description approach. The Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26) was administered to evaluate the participants' perceptions of the effectiveness of the clinical supervision they had received and to establish trustworthiness in the qualitative data by means of triangulation. Results: The major theme was that the content of clinical supervision should focus on professional skill development, both clinical and non-clinical. Four subthemes emerged as having an influence on the effectiveness of supervision: the model of clinical supervision, clinical supervision processes, supervisor factors, and supervisee factors. All sub-themes had the potential to act as either a barrier to or a facilitator of the perception that clinical supervision was effective. Conclusions: Physiotherapists reported that clinical supervision was most effective when it focused on their professional skill development. They preferred a direct model of supervision, whereby their supervisor directly observed and guided their professional skill development. They also described the importance of informal supervision in which guidance is provided as issues arise by supervisors who value the process of supervision. Physiotherapists emphasized that supervision should be driven by their learning needs rather than health organization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Snowdon
- Peninsula Clinical School, Peninsula Health/Monash University, Frankston
| | - Shae Cooke
- Department of Physiotherapy, Eastern Health, Box Hill
| | - Katherine Lawler
- Department of Physiotherapy, Eastern Health, Box Hill
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | | | | | - Nicholas F. Taylor
- Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health/La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vict
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Snowdon DA, Sargent M, Williams CM, Maloney S, Caspers K, Taylor NF. Effective clinical supervision of allied health professionals: a mixed methods study. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 20:2. [PMID: 31888611 PMCID: PMC6937808 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4873-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical supervision is recommended for allied health professionals for the purpose of supporting them in their professional role, continued professional development and ensuring patient safety and high quality care. The aim of this mixed methods study was to explore allied health professionals' perceptions about the aspects of clinical supervision that can facilitate effective clinical supervision. METHODS Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted on a purposive sample of 38 allied health professionals working in a metropolitan public hospital. Qualitative analysis was completed using an interpretive description approach. To enable triangulation of qualitative data, a quantitative descriptive survey of clinical supervision effectiveness was also conducted using the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26). RESULTS Three main themes emerged from qualitative analysis: Allied health professionals reported that clinical supervision was most effective when their professional development was the focus of clinical supervision; the supervisor possessed the skills and attributes required to facilitate a constructive supervisory relationship; and the organisation provided an environment that facilitated this relationship together with their own professional development. Three subthemes also emerged within each of the main themes: the importance of the supervisory relationship; prioritisation of clinical supervision relative to other professional duties; and flexibility of supervision models, processes and approaches to clinical supervision. The mean MCSS-26 score was 79.2 (95%CI 73.7 to 84.3) with scores ranging from 44 to 100. MCSS-26 results converged with the qualitative findings with participants reporting an overall positive experience with clinical supervision. CONCLUSIONS The factors identified by allied health professionals that influenced the effectiveness of their clinical supervision were mostly consistent among the professions. However, allied health professionals reported using models of clinical supervision that best suited their profession's role and learning style. This highlighted the need for flexible approaches to allied health clinical supervision that should be reflected in clinical supervision policies and guidelines. Many of the identified factors that influence the effectiveness of clinical supervision of allied health professionals can be influenced by health organisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Snowdon
- Peninsula Clinical School, Peninsula Health, Monash University, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia
| | - Michelle Sargent
- Department of Speech Pathology, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia
| | - Cylie M. Williams
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia
- Department of Allied Health, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia
| | - Stephen Maloney
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia
| | - Kirsten Caspers
- Department of Allied Health, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC 3199 Australia
| | - Nicholas F. Taylor
- Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health, La Trobe University, Level 2/5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, VIC 3128 Australia
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Harvey S, Spurr P, Sidebotham M, Fenwick J. Describing and evaluating a foundational education/training program preparing nurses, midwives and other helping professionals as supervisors of clinical supervision using the Role Development Model. Nurse Educ Pract 2019; 42:102671. [PMID: 31846906 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2019.102671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Clinical supervision is a strategy supporting nurses, midwives and other healthcare professionals in the provision of quality healthcare. Clinical supervision involves regular, protected time for reflection. Adequately prepared supervisors are essential, however there is limited knowledge about education/training programs and even less about those that are not discipline-specific. This paper 1) describes an eight-day foundational program, Clinical Supervision for Role Development Training as situated within the Spurr Supervisor Training Model and, 2) presents the results from routinely collected evaluation data. Simple descriptive analysis and latent content analysis were used to analyse data from 226 participants who filled out a self-administered questionnaire. Participants reported increased knowledge (87.5%), skills (87%) and confidence to apply the techniques learnt (85.5%); 95% found practice sessions to be useful, and expectations of the training had been met. Qualitative data supported the positive quantitative results. The program was positively assessed by participants, irrespective of professional discipline. The pragmatic nature of the training and the safe learning environment was considered important to the development of skills and confidence as a supervisor. A more robust evaluation process and prospective, longitudinal research is needed to better understand the expectations and learning experience of participants, and implementation in the healthcare environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Harvey
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Australia.
| | - Paul Spurr
- Clinical Supervision Consultancy, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Mary Sidebotham
- Transforming Maternity Care Collaborative, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Fenwick
- Transforming Maternity Care Collaborative, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Australia.
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Martin P, Kumar S, Lizarondo L, Baldock K. Debriefing about the challenges of working in a remote area: A qualitative study of Australian allied health professionals' perspectives on clinical supervision. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213613. [PMID: 30870484 PMCID: PMC6417694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The benefits of clinical supervision are more pronounced for health professionals in rural and remote areas. Most clinical supervision studies to date have occurred in metropolitan centres and have used the survey methodology to capture participant experiences. There is a lack of qualitative research that captures participants’ lived experiences with clinical supervision at the frontline. Methods Participants were recruited from rural and remote sites of two Australian states using a purposive maximum variation sampling strategy. Data were collected through individual, semi-structured interviews with participants. Data were analysed using content analysis and themes were developed. Sixteen participants from six professions completed the interviews. Results Eight themes were developed including the content of supervision, context of supervision, value of supervision, increased need for professional support and unique characteristics of rural and remote clinical supervision. Conclusions This study has highlighted the value of clinical supervision for the rural and remote health professional workforce. Furthermore, it has shed light on the unique characteristics of clinical supervision in this population. This information can be used by organisations and health professionals to ensure clinical supervision partnerships are effective thereby enhancing rural and remote workforce recruitment and retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Martin
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Saravana Kumar
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Katherine Baldock
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Martin P, Baldock K, Kumar S, Lizarondo L. Factors that contribute to high-quality clinical supervision of the rural allied health workforce: lessons from the coalface. AUST HEALTH REV 2019; 43:682-688. [DOI: 10.1071/ah17258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to identify the factors contributing to high-quality clinical supervision of the allied health workforce in rural and remote settings.
Methods
This quantitative study was part of a broader project that used a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design. Participants were 159 allied health professionals from two Australian states. Quantitative data were collected using an online customised survey and the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26). Data were analysed using regression analyses.
Results
Supervisee’s work setting and choice of supervisor were found to have a positive and significant influence on clinical supervision quality. Supervisee profession and time in work role were found to have a negative and significant influence on the quality of clinical supervision.
Conclusions
High-quality clinical supervision is essential to achieve quality and safety of health care, as well as to support the health workforce. Information on high-quality clinical supervision identified in this study can be applied to clinical supervision practices in rural and remote settings, and to professional support policies and training to enhance the quality of supervision.
What is known about the topic?
There is mounting evidence on the benefits of clinical supervision to health professionals, organisations and patients. Clinical supervision enhances recruitment and retention of the health workforce. However, there are still gaps regarding the factors that contribute to high-quality clinical supervision, especially for rural and remote health professionals.
What does this paper add?
This study, the first of its kind, recruited rural and remote health professionals from seven allied health disciplines across two Australian states. It investigated the factors that influence high-quality clinical supervision in this under-resourced group. This paper outlines specific factors that contribute to clinical supervision quality for rural and remote allied health professionals.
What are the implications for practitioners?
Effective and high-quality clinical supervision of the rural and remote allied health workforce can enhance recruitment and retention in those areas. Healthcare organisations can facilitate effective clinical supervision delivery by using the evidence gathered in this study in clinical supervision policy, training and practice.
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Bearman M, Tai J, Kent F, Edouard V, Nestel D, Molloy E. What should we teach the teachers? Identifying the learning priorities of clinical supervisors. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2018; 23:29-41. [PMID: 28315114 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-017-9772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Clinicians who teach are essential for the health workforce but require faculty development to improve their educational skills. Curricula for faculty development programs are often based on expert frameworks without consideration of the learning priorities as defined by clinical supervisors themselves. We sought to inform these curricula by highlighting clinical supervisors own requirements through answering the research question: what do clinical supervisors identify as relative strengths and areas for improvement in their teaching practice? This mixed methods study employed a modified version of the Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire (mMCTQ) which included free-text reflections. Descriptive statistics were calculated and content analysis was conducted on textual comments. 481 (49%) of 978 clinical supervisors submitted their mMCTQs and associated reflections for the research study. Clinical supervisors self-identified relatively strong capability with interpersonal skills or attributes and indicated least capability with assisting learners to explore strengths, weaknesses and learning goals. The qualitative category 'establishing relationships' was the most reported strength with 224 responses. The qualitative category 'feedback' was the most reported area for improvement, with 151 responses. Key areas for curricular focus include: improving feedback practices; stimulating reflective and agentic learning; and managing the logistics of a clinical education environment. Clinical supervisors' self-identified needs provide a foundation for designing engaging and relevant faculty development programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Bearman
- Centre for Research into Assessment and Digital Learning (CRADLE), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Joanna Tai
- Centre for Research into Assessment and Digital Learning (CRADLE), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Fiona Kent
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- WISER Unit, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vicki Edouard
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Debra Nestel
- Department of Surgery, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Monash Institute of Health and Clinical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Molloy
- Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Leggat SG, Phillips B, Pearce P, Dawson M, Schulz D, Smith J. Clinical supervision for allied health staff: necessary but not sufficient. AUST HEALTH REV 2018; 40:431-437. [PMID: 26412691 DOI: 10.1071/ah15080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present study was to explore the perspectives of allied health professionals on appropriate content for effective clinical supervision of staff. Methods A set of statements regarding clinical supervision was identified from the literature and confirmed through a Q-sort process. The final set was administered as an online survey to 437 allied health professionals working in two Australian health services. Results Of the 120 respondents, 82 had experienced six or more clinical supervision sessions and were included in the analysis. Respondents suggested that clinical supervision was beneficial to both staff and patients, and was distinct from line management performance monitoring and development. Curiously, some of the respondents did not agree that observation of the supervisee's clinical practice was an aspect of clinical supervision. Conclusions Although clinical supervision is included as a pillar of clinical governance, current practice may not be effective in addressing clinical risk. Australian health services need clear organisational policies that outline the relationship between supervisor and supervisee, the role and responsibilities of managers, the involvement of patients and the types of situations to be communicated to the line managers. What is known about the topic? Clinical supervision for allied health professionals is an essential component of clinical governance and is aimed at ensuring safe and high-quality care. However, there is varied understanding of the relationship between clinical supervision and performance management. What does this paper add? This paper provides the perspectives of allied health professionals who are experienced as supervisors or who have experienced supervision. The findings suggest a clear role for clinical supervision that needs to be better recognised within organisational policy and procedure. What are the implications for practitioners? Supervisors and supervisees must remember their duty of care and ensure compliance with organisational policies in their clinical supervisory practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra G Leggat
- Health Services Management, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Vic. 3086, Australia
| | - Bev Phillips
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, PO Box 199, Bendigo, Vic. 3552, Australia. Email
| | - Philippa Pearce
- Department of Physiotherapy, Ballarat Health Services, Ballarat, Vic. 3350, Australia. Email
| | - Margaret Dawson
- Allied Health, Ballarat Health Services, Ballarat, Vic. 3350, Australia. Email
| | - Debbie Schulz
- East Grampians Health Service, Ararat, Vic. 3377, Australia. Email
| | - Jenni Smith
- Northern Health, Epping, Vic. 3076, Australia. Email
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Martin P, Lizarondo L, Kumar S. A systematic review of the factors that influence the quality and effectiveness of telesupervision for health professionals. J Telemed Telecare 2017; 24:271-281. [PMID: 28387603 DOI: 10.1177/1357633x17698868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Whilst telesupervision (clinical supervision undertaken using communication technology) is being used more frequently, there is limited information on what factors influence its effectiveness and quality. We undertook this systematic review to address this gap. Methods Eligible telesupervision studies were identified following targeted search of electronic databases and the grey literature. Data were synthesised thematically, resulting in development of core themes. Results We identified 286 papers for initial relevancy screening by title and abstract. The full text of 36 papers were then retrieved and assessed for further relevance. A total of 11 papers were included in the final analysis. We identified eight themes that contribute to effective and high-quality telesupervision: supervisee characteristics, supervisor characteristics, supervision characteristics, supervisory relationship, communication strategies, prior face-to-face contact, environmental factors and technological considerations. Conclusion From the available evidence, telesupervision can be a feasible and acceptable form of clinical supervision if set up well. Further studies with robust designs are required to strengthen the existing evidence on what makes telesupervision effective, as well as to examine its cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Martin
- 1 International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia.,2 Allied Health, Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Australia
| | | | - Saravana Kumar
- 1 International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
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Martin P, Kumar S, Lizarondo L. Effective use of technology in clinical supervision. Internet Interv 2017; 8:35-39. [PMID: 30135826 PMCID: PMC6096199 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical supervision is integral to continuing professional development of health professionals. With advances in technology, clinical supervision too can be undertaken using mediums such as videoconference, email and teleconference. This mode of clinical supervision is termed as telesupervision. While telesupervision could be useful in any context, its value is amplified for health professionals working in rural and remote areas where access to supervisors within the local work environment is often diminished. While telesupervision offers innovative means to undertake clinical supervision, there remain gaps in the literature in terms of its parameters of use in clinical practice. This article outlines ten evidence-informed, practical tips stemming from a review of the literature that will enable health care stakeholders to use technology effectively and efficiently while undertaking clinical supervision. By highlighting the "how to" aspect, telesupervision can be delivered in the right way, to the right health professional, at the right time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Martin
- Allied Health, Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
- Corresponding author at: Allied Health, Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia.
| | - Saravana Kumar
- School of Health Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Lucylynn Lizarondo
- Joanna Briggs Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
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Pollock A, Campbell P, Deery R, Fleming M, Rankin J, Sloan G, Cheyne H. A systematic review of evidence relating to clinical supervision for nurses, midwives and allied health professionals. J Adv Nurs 2017; 73:1825-1837. [DOI: 10.1111/jan.13253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Pollock
- Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit; Glasgow Caledonian University; UK
| | - Pauline Campbell
- Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit; Glasgow Caledonian University; UK
| | - Ruth Deery
- Institute of Healthcare Policy and Practice; University of the West of Scotland; UK
| | - Mick Fleming
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Care; Napier University; Edinburgh UK
| | - Jean Rankin
- Health, Nursing and Midwifery; University of the West of Scotland; UK
| | | | - Helen Cheyne
- Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit; University of Stirling; UK
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Martin P, Kumar S, Lizarondo L, Tyack Z. Factors influencing the perceived quality of clinical supervision of occupational therapists in a large Australian state. Aust Occup Ther J 2016; 63:338-346. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1630.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Martin
- Cunningham Centre; Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service; Toowoomba Queensland Australia
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE); School of Health Sciences; University of South Australia; Adelaide South Australia Australia
- Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
| | - Saravana Kumar
- International Centre for Allied Health Evidence (iCAHE); School of Health Sciences; University of South Australia; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Lucylynn Lizarondo
- Joanna Briggs Institute; University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Zephanie Tyack
- Central Queensland Hospital and Health Service; Rockhampton Queensland Australia
- Metro South Health; Centre for Functioning and Health Research; Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Centre for Children's Burns and Trauma Research; The University of Queensland; St Lucia Queensland Australia
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Saxby C, Wilson J, Newcombe P. Can clinical supervision sustain our workforce in the current healthcare landscape? Findings from a Queensland study of allied health professionals. AUST HEALTH REV 2016; 39:476-482. [PMID: 25725704 DOI: 10.1071/ah14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical supervision is widely recognised as a mechanism for providing professional support, professional development and clinical governance for healthcare workers. There have been limited studies about the effectiveness of clinical supervision for allied health and minimal studies conducted within the Australian health context. The aim of the present study was to identify whether clinical supervision was perceived to be effective by allied health professionals and to identify components that contributed to effectiveness. Participants completed an anonymous online questionnaire, administered through the health service's intranet. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with community allied health workers (n = 82) 8 months after implementation of structured clinical supervision. Demographic data (age, gender), work-related history (profession employment level, years of experience), and supervision practice (number and length of supervision sessions) were collected through an online survey. The outcome measure, clinical supervision effectiveness, was operationalised using the Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale-26 (MCSS-26). Data were analysed with Pearson correlation (r) and independent sample t-tests (t) with significance set at 0.05 (ie the probability of significant difference set at P < 0.05). RESULTS The length of the supervision sessions (r(s) ≥ 0.44), the number of sessions (r(s) ≥ 0.35) and the total period supervision had been received (r(s) ≥ 0.42) were all significantly positively correlated with the MCSS-26 domains of clinical supervision effectiveness. Three individual variables, namely 'receiving clinical supervision', 'having some choice in the allocation of clinical supervisor' and 'having a completed clinical supervision agreement', were also significantly associated with higher total MCSS-26 scores (P(s) < 0.014). CONCLUSION The results of the study demonstrate that when clinical supervision uses best practice principles, it can provide professional support for allied health workers, even during times of rapid organisational change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Saxby
- School of Social Work and Human Services, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia. Email
| | - Jill Wilson
- School of Social Work and Human Services, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia. Email
| | - Peter Newcombe
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia. Email
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Public sector physiotherapists believe that staff supervision should be broad ranging, individualised, structured, and based on needs and goals: a qualitative study. J Physiother 2015; 61:210-6. [PMID: 26361812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
QUESTION What do physiotherapists consider to be the structure and content of an effective clinical supervision program for public sector staff? DESIGN Qualitative study using emergent-systematic focus group design. PARTICIPANTS 46 physiotherapists and six physiotherapy assistants from a large, regional, Australian health service participated in one of seven focus groups. RESULTS Data were represented by three major categories: the content of supervision; the structure of supervision; and participants' roles and attributes. The content of supervision should encompass all issues affecting workplace experience and performance; supervision should be individualised and needs based. For the structure of supervision, a variety of methods and formats should be available, including: scheduled and unscheduled supervision (unscheduled supervision addresses needs as they arise but its usefulness can be restricted by supervisor availability); the environment should be organised to facilitate supervision; supervision should be integrated into existing practices; and supervision should be adequately prioritised and resourced to enable sustainability. In relation to participants' roles and attributes, respondents recommended: clearly defined supervisor and supervisee roles, responsibilities, skills and attributes are required to facilitate a constructive relationship on which successful supervision depends; the supervisee should take primary responsibility for leading and organising their supervision; the supervisor provides support and accountability and assists with goal setting and attainment; and successful supervision requires considerable knowledge and skills from the supervisee and supervisor (supervision education and training might be necessary). CONCLUSION The physiotherapists' perspectives that were identified in this study are important to consider when assessing current clinical supervision models, as well as when designing and implementing effective physiotherapy supervision programs.
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Martin P, Kumar S, Lizarondo L, VanErp A. Enablers of and barriers to high quality clinical supervision among occupational therapists across Queensland in Australia: findings from a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2015; 15:413. [PMID: 26404534 PMCID: PMC4581515 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-015-1085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health professionals practising in countries with dispersed populations such as Australia rely on clinical supervision for professional support. While there are directives and guidelines in place to govern clinical supervision, little is known about how it is actually conducted and what makes it effective. The purpose of this study was to explore the enablers of and barriers to high quality clinical supervision among occupational therapists across Queensland in Australia. METHODS This qualitative study took place as part of a broader project. Individual, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with occupational therapy supervisees in Queensland. The interviews explored the enablers of and barriers to high quality clinical supervision in this group. They further explored some findings from the initial quantitative study. RESULTS Content analysis of the interview data resulted in eight themes. These themes were broadly around the importance of the supervisory relationship, the impact of clinical supervision and the enablers of and barriers to high quality clinical supervision. DISCUSSION This study identified a number of factors that were perceived to be associated with high quality clinical supervision. Supervisor-supervisee matching and fit, supervisory relationship and availability of supervisor for support in between clinical supervision sessions appeared to be associated with perceptions of higher quality of clinical supervision received. Some face-to-face contact augmented with telesupervision was found to improve perceptions of the quality of clinical supervision received via telephone. Lastly, dual roles where clinical supervision and line management were provided by the same person were not considered desirable by supervisees. A number of enablers of and barriers to high quality clinical supervision were also identified. CONCLUSION With clinical supervision gaining increasing prominence as part of organisational and professional governance, this study provides important lessons for successful and sustainable clinical supervision in practice contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Martin
- Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, Toowoomba Hospital, Private Mail Bag 2, Pechey Street, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
- School of Health Sciences, International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
| | - Saravana Kumar
- School of Health Sciences, International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, City East Campus, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
| | - Lucylynn Lizarondo
- Joanna Briggs Institute, Wyatt House University of Adelaide, 115 Grenfell Street, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
| | - Ans VanErp
- Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Queensland Health, Toowoomba Hospital, Private Mail Bag 2, Pechey Street, Toowoomba, QLD, 4350, Australia.
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20
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Seah CH, McFerran KS. The transition to practice experience of five music therapy graduates. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2015.1080288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ducat WH, Kumar S. A systematic review of professional supervision experiences and effects for allied health practitioners working in non-metropolitan health care settings. J Multidiscip Healthc 2015; 8:397-407. [PMID: 26347446 PMCID: PMC4556303 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s84557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In regional, rural, and remote settings, allied health professional supervision is one organizational mechanism designed to support and retain the workforce, provide clinical governance, and enhance service delivery. A systematic approach to evaluating the evidence of the experience and effects of professional supervision for non-metropolitan allied health practitioners and their service delivery is needed. Methods Studies investigating the experience and effects of professional supervision across 17 allied health disciplines in non-metropolitan health services were systematically searched for using standardized keywords across seven databases. The initial search identified 1,574 references. Of these studies, five met inclusion criteria and were subject to full methodological appraisal by both reviewers. Two studies were primarily qualitative with three studies primarily quantitative in their approach. Studies were appraised using McMaster critical appraisal tools and data were extracted and synthesized. Results Studies reported the context specific benefits and challenges of supervision in non-metropolitan areas and the importance of supervision in enhancing satisfaction and support in these areas. Comparison of findings between metropolitan and non-metropolitan settings within one study suggested that allied health in non-metropolitan settings were more satisfied with supervision though less likely to access it and preferred supervision with other non-metropolitan practitioners over access to more experienced supervisors. One study in a regional health service identified the lack of an agreed upon definition and functions of supervision when supervisors from diverse allied health disciplines were surveyed. While methodologically weak, all studies reported positive perceptions of supervision across professionals, supervisors, and managers. This is in accordance with previous research in the wider supervision literature. Discussion Considering the large pool of studies retrieved for further investigation, few of these met inclusion criteria demonstrating the paucity of primary research in this area. Increased training, policies, and implementation frameworks to ensure the definition and functions of supervision are agreed upon across the allied health disciplines in non-metropolitan areas is needed. Furthermore, systematic evaluation of supervision implementation in non-metropolitan settings, investigation of the experience and effects of distance based supervision (versus face-to-face), and increased rigor in research studies investigating non-metropolitan allied health profession supervision is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy H Ducat
- Cunningham Centre, Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Australia ; Rural Clinical School, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Saravana Kumar
- School of Health Sciences, International Centre for Allied Health Evidence, Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Snowdon DA, Millard G, Taylor NF. Effectiveness of clinical supervision of physiotherapists: a survey. AUST HEALTH REV 2015; 39:190-196. [PMID: 25556758 DOI: 10.1071/ah14020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited literature exists on the practice of clinical supervision (CS) of professional physiotherapists despite current Australian safety and quality health standards stating that CS is to be provided to all physiotherapists. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CS of physiotherapists working in an Australian public health service. METHODS CS was measured using the allied health-specific 26-item modified Manchester Clinical Supervision Scale (MCSS-26). Subscales of the MCSS-26 were summed for three domain scores (normative, restorative and formative) and a total score was calculated, which was compared with the reported threshold score of 73 for effective supervision. Sixty registered physiotherapists (response rate 92%), working for a large metropolitan public health service, with six different site locations, completed the survey. RESULTS The mean (± s.d.) total MCSS-26 score was 71.0 ± 14.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 67.4-74.6). Hospital site was the only variable that had a significant effect on total MCSS-26 score (P=0.005); there was no effect for supervisor or supervisee experience, or hospital setting (acute vs subacute). Physiotherapists scored a significantly lower mean percentage MCSS-26 score on the normative domain compared with the restorative domain (mean difference 7.8%; 95% CI 2.9-12.7; P=0.002) and the formative domain (mean difference 9.6%; 95% CI 6.3-13.0; P<0.001). Of the two subscales that form the normative domain, 'finding time' had a significantly lower mean percentage MCSS-26 score than 'importance/value of CS' (mean difference 35.4%; 95% CI 31.3-39.4; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Within this publicly funded physiotherapy department there was uncertainty about the effectiveness of CS, with more than half the physiotherapists rating their supervision as less than effective, suggesting there is opportunity for improvement in the practice of physiotherapy CS. Physiotherapists scored lowest in the normative domain, indicating that they found it difficult to find time for CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Snowdon
- Physiotherapy, The Peter James Centre, Eastern Health, Corner of Mahoneys Road and Burwood Highway, Burwood East, Vic. 3151, Australia. Email
| | - Geraldine Millard
- Physiotherapy, The Peter James Centre, Eastern Health, Corner of Mahoneys Road and Burwood Highway, Burwood East, Vic. 3151, Australia. Email
| | - Nicholas F Taylor
- Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health, La Trobe University, Level 2/5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, Vic. 3128, Australia. Email
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Bell KE, Hall F, Pager S, Kuipers P, Farry H. Developing allied health professional support policy in Queensland: a case study. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2014; 12:57. [PMID: 25296763 PMCID: PMC4197267 DOI: 10.1186/1478-4491-12-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests that professional support for allied health professionals contributes to improved clinical practice, better client outcomes, enhanced workplace satisfaction, increased workplace morale and better clinical governance within organizations. Despite these benefits, the uptake of formal professional support is surprisingly low and implementation often ad hoc. Further, research investigating the development, evaluation and outcomes of implementing policy to establish such support is limited. CASE DESCRIPTION Queensland Health has developed an organization-wide approach to supporting allied health professionals through a Professional Support Policy and guidelines. The processes of development, implementation and the evaluation framework of this State-wide Professional Support Policy are described. An evidence-based Professional Support Policy that is structured, collaborative and well evaluated will have benefits for allied health professions. However, policy introduction cannot occur in isolation. Current practice does not follow current evidence in the area of professional support implementation. This study describes a current practice baseline for participation prior to the mandating of such a policy. There is a need for improvements in participation rates, documentation and capacity building. CONCLUSIONS A workforce policy with broad scope should increase the access to, and consistency of, professional support to allied health practitioners. Such policy should facilitate a higher quality clinical practice, better client outcomes, enhanced workplace satisfaction and morale. It may also maximize the recruitment and retention of allied health professionals. Mandating policy should see participation commensurate with that policy. A future step will be a Post Policy Implementation Review to determine the success and effectiveness of the Professional Support Framework within Queensland Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Bell
- />Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, PO Box 358, Taroom, QLD 4420 Australia
| | - Fiona Hall
- />Allied Health Professional Leader (Workforce) Allied Health Professions Office, Australian Service and Clinical Innovation Division, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Sue Pager
- />Metro South Hospital and Health Service, PO Box 4096, Loganholme DC, QLD 4129 Australia
| | - Pim Kuipers
- />CFAHR, Metro South H&HS and Population and Social Health Research Program, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, PO Box 6053, Buranda, QLD 4102 Australia
| | - Hayley Farry
- />Darling Downs Hospital and Health Service, Cunningham Centre, Private Mail Bag No.2, Toowoomba, QLD 4350 Australia
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