1
|
Zapata Cardona J, Duque Arias S, David Jaramillo E, Surget A, Ibargüen-Vargas Y, Rodríguez BDJ. Effects of a veterinary functional music-based enrichment program on the psychophysiological responses of farm pigs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18660. [PMID: 39134584 PMCID: PMC11319718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Intensification of swine production can predispose pigs to chronic stress, with adverse effects on the neuroendocrine and immune systems that can lead to health problems, poor welfare, and reduced production performance. Consequently, there is an interest in developing tools to prevent or eliminate chronic stress. Music is widely used as a therapeutic strategy for stress management in humans and may have similar benefits in non-human animals. This study evaluated the effects of a music-based auditory enrichment program in pigs from a multidimensional perspective by assessing psychophysiological responses. Two experimental groups of 20 pigs each were selected for the study: one enriched, exposed to a program of functional veterinary music designed for pigs, and a control group without auditory stimulation. Qualitative behavior assessment (QBA) and skin lesions indicative of agonistic behavior were used to evaluate the psychological determinants underlying the observed behaviors. Physiological assessment included hemograms, with the determination of the neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio and daily measurements of cortisol and salivary alpha-amylase levels. The results demonstrated a positive effect of a music-based auditory program on psychophysiological responses. Therefore, this strategy developed for environmental enrichment may be beneficial in reducing stress and contributing to the welfare and health of pigs under production conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Zapata Cardona
- Grupo de Investigación en Patobiología QUIRON, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Santiago Duque Arias
- Grupo de Investigación en Patobiología QUIRON, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Edimer David Jaramillo
- Grupo de Investigación en Patobiología QUIRON, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Alexandre Surget
- iBraiN (Imaging Brain & Neuropsychiatry, UMR1253 - Team ExTraPsy), INSERM, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Yadira Ibargüen-Vargas
- EUK-CVL, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Berardo de Jesús Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Patobiología QUIRON, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zapata-Cardona J, Ceballos MC, Rodríguez BDJ. Music and Emotions in Non-Human Animals from Biological and Comparative Perspectives. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1491. [PMID: 38791707 PMCID: PMC11117248 DOI: 10.3390/ani14101491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects of sound stimulation as a sensorial environmental enrichment for captive animals have been studied. When appropriately implemented for farm animals, it can improve welfare, health, and productivity. Furthermore, there are indications that music can induce positive emotions in non-human animals, similar to humans. Emotion is a functional state of the organism involving both physiological processes, mediated by neuroendocrine regulation, and changes in behavior, affecting various aspects, including contextual perception and welfare. As there is very limited information on non-human animals, the objective of this review is to highlight what is known about these processes from human biological and comparative perspectives and stimulate future research on using music to improve animal welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Zapata-Cardona
- Grupo de Investigación Patobiología QUIRON, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 50010, Colombia;
| | - Maria Camila Ceballos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Clinical Skills Building, 11877-85th Street NW, Calgary, AB T3R 1J3, Canada
| | - Berardo de Jesús Rodríguez
- Grupo de Investigación Patobiología QUIRON, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 50010, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bian Z, Fan Z, Xiao T, Yan J, Ren R, Xu S, Deng B, Zhang L. Effects of species-relevant auditory stimuli on stress in cats exposed to novel environment. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37726876 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2023.2259803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental changes like vet visit could cause stress in cats. Studies have attempted to develop stress management strategies targeting sensory systems. Even though species-appropriate music which includes cat affiliative sound (e.g., cats' purring and suckling sound) has been shown to relieve stress in cats. Little is known whether the cat sound alone works in stress management. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of species-relevant auditory stimuli on stress in cats exposed to a novel environment. During the 28-day experiment periods, 20 cats received four types of sound treatments which included silence (T1), purr of cats (T2), eating sound in cats (T3), and the mixed sound of T2 and T3 (T4) in a novel environment in random orders with intervals of 1 week between treatments. Cats' behaviors were recorded during each 10-min test. Results showed that T4 reduced visual scanning (P = 0.017) without significantly affecting other behaviors, compared with other treatments. Together, the two types of cat-specific sounds did not exert pronounced effects of relieving stress on cats exposed to a novel environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Bian
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicong Fan
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Yan
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiti Ren
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suijun Xu
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baichuan Deng
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingna Zhang
- Laboratory of Companion Animal Science, Department of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nian HY, Zhang RX, Ding SS, Wang YL, Li JF, Liu HG, Li JH, Li X, Bao J. Emotional responses of piglets under long-term exposure to negative and positive auditory stimuli. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2023; 82:106771. [PMID: 36332459 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2022.106771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The stress caused by sound is inevitable. The stress caused by noise and the positive effects of music can affect the endocrine of animals and their welfare. In this study, a total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Min pig) were randomly divided into 3 groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60-70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80-85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB) groups. S-IgA (secretory immunoglobulin A), IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-8 (interleukin-8), and positive emotion-related behaviors were used as indicators to discuss whether noise induced stress and inflammation in piglets or whether music could have positive effects. Six hours of auditory exposure were given daily (10:00-16:00), which lasted for 56 days. Behavioral responses of the piglets were observed, and the concentrations of salivary S-IgA and serum IL-6 and IL-8 were measured. The results showed that the concentration of S-IgA increased in the noise and control groups on the 57th day (P < 0.05); S-IgA concentration in the music group was unchanged after long-term music exposure. The concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 showed that long-term noise exposure might lead to stress and inflammation in piglets. Tail-wagging and play behaviors of the piglets in the music group were significantly greater than those in the noise and control groups, which implied that long-term music exposure improved the emotional state of the piglets in a restricted and barren environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Nian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - R-X Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - S-S Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Y-L Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - J-F Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - H-G Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - J-H Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - X Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - J Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University,150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Swine Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changjiang Road No. 150030 Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Snowdon CT. Animal Signals, Music and Emotional Well-Being. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2670. [PMID: 34573636 PMCID: PMC8472833 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Playing music or natural sounds to animals in human care is thought to have beneficial effects. An analysis of published papers on the use of human-based music with animals demonstrates a variety of different results even within the same species. These mixed results suggest the value of tailoring music to the sensory systems of the species involved and in selecting musical structures that are likely to produce the desired effects. I provide a conceptual framework based on the combined knowledge of the natural communication system of a species coupled with musical structures known to differentially influence emotional states, e.g., calming an agitated animal versus stimulating a lethargic animal. This new concept of animal-based music, which is based on understanding animal communication, will lead to more consistent and specific effects of music. Knowledge and appropriate use of animal-based music are important in future research and applications if we are to improve the well-being of animals that are dependent upon human care for their survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles T Snowdon
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|